APPLICATIONS OF ODE

Chapter 5
LAW of GROWTH or DECAY

LAW of COOLING

CHEMICAL REACTIONS

ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

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OVERVIEW
dy
dt
= ky
Rate of change of a quantity proportional to the quantity present
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Law of Growth or Decay
The number of bacteria in a culture grows at a rate proportional to
the number of bacteria present. The number triples in 1 hour. If the
initial number is 10, find:

1) The number of bacteria after 5 hours.

2) After how long the number was exactly 270.
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Law of Growth or Decay
1) 2430
2) 3
) (
0
T T k
dt
dT
=
Temperature of the hot substance
Temperature of the surrounding
k > 0
T
T
0
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Law of Cooling
A cup of Coffee at 90C is placed in a room at 25C. In 5 minutes, it
cools to 70C. Find

1) The temperature of the cup after another 5 minutes.

2) After how long the cup will be exactly at 27C.
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Law of Cooling
1) 56.15
2) 47.33
Concentration of incoming mixture

1 1
2 1
2
) (
c r
t r r a
x r
dt
dx
=
+
+
rate of incoming mixture

Volume tank

1
c
r
1
a
rate of outgoing mixture

r
2
Amount of salt in the tank

x
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Chemical reactions - Solutions
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A tank contains 100 liters of brine (solution of salt) in which 500g of
salt is dissolved. If brine containing 20 g of salt per liter runs into
the tank at the rate of 3 liters per minute and the mixture, which is
kept uniform, runs out of the tank at the rate of 2 liters per minute,
find the amount of salt in the tank after exactly 30 minutes.

Chemical reactions - Solutions
1712.42
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Electric circuits
E
C
q
dt
dq
R
dt
q d
L = + +
2
2
L-R-C circuit, where R (resistance), L (inductance), and C (capacitance)
are in series, and acted on by an electromotive force E.
The current satisfies:
i
The current is the rate of flow of the positive charge :
E
C
q
iR
dt
di
L = + +
i
q
dt
dq
i =

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A voltage is applied at at a circuit containing an
inductance L and a resistance R. Assuming , show that the
current in the circuit is:
Electric circuits
|
|
.
|

\
|

L
Rt
at
e e
aL R
E
t i ) (
at
Ee

0 ) 0 ( = i
0 = t