phng gio dc v o to huyn b thc

Trng THCS Th trn cnh nng

Tuyn tp cc thi hc
sinh gii lp 7

Gio vin: Hong Xun Thn

s 1:

 thi hc sinh gii huyn

Mn Ton Lp 7

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1. Tm gi tr n nguyn dng:
a)

1 n
.16 = 2n ;
8

b) 27 < 3n < 243

Bi 2. Thc hin php tnh:

(

1
1
1
1 1 3 5 7 ... 49
+
+
+ ... +
)
4.9 9.14 14.19
44.49
89

Bi 3. a) Tm x bit:

2 x +3 = x +2

b) Tm gi tr nh nht ca A = x 2006 + 2007 x Khi x thay i

Bi 4. Hin nay hai kim ng h ch 10 gi. Sau t nht bao lu th 2 kim
ng h nm i din nhau trn mt ng thng.
Bi 5. Cho tam gic vung ABC ( A = 1v), ng cao AH, trung tuyn AM. Trn tia
i tia MA ly im D sao cho DM = MA. Trn tia i tia CD ly im I sao cho
CI = CA, qua I v ng thng song song vi AC ct ng thng AH ti E. Chng
minh: AE = BC
s 2:
thi hc sinh gii huyn
Mn Ton Lp 7

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1:(4 im)
a) Thc hin php tnh:

A=

212.35 46.92

( 2 .3)
2

+ 8 .3
4

510.73 255.492

( 125.7 )

+ 59.143

Chng minh rng : Vi mi s nguyn dng n th :

3n + 2 2n+ 2 + 3n 2n chia ht cho 10
Bi 2:(4 im)
Tm x bit:

a. x

1 4
2
+ = ( 3, 2 ) +
3 5
5

b. ( x 7 )

x +1

( x 7)

x +11

=0

Bi 3: (4 im)
a) S A c chia thnh 3 s t l theo

2 3 1
: : . Bit rng tng cc bnh phng ca ba s
5 4 6

bng 24309. Tm s A.
b) Cho

a c
a2 + c2 a
= . Chng minh rng: 2 2 =
c b
b +c
b

Bi 4: (4 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, M l trung im ca BC. Trn tia i ca ca tia MA ly im E sao cho ME
= MA. Chng minh rng:
a) AC = EB v AC // BE
b) Gi I l mt im trn AC ; K l mt im trn EB sao cho AI = EK . Chng minh ba
im I , M , K thng hng

c) T E k EH BC ( H BC ) . Bit HBE
= 50o ; MEB
=25o .

Tnh HEM
v BME
Bi 5: (4 im)
= 200 , v tam gic u DBC (D nm trong tam gic ABC). Tia
Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c A
phn gic ca gc ABD ct AC ti M. Chng minh:
a) Tia AD l phn gic ca gc BAC
b) AM = BC
Ht

p n 1ton 7
Bi 1. Tm gi tr n nguyn dng: (4 im mi cu 2 im)
a)

1 n
.16 = 2n ;
8

=> 24n-3 = 2n => 4n 3 = n => n = 1

b) 27 < 3n < 243 => 33 < 3n < 35 => n = 4

Bi 2. Thc hin php tnh:
(

(4 im)

1
1
1
1 1 3 5 7 ... 49
+
+
+ ... +
)
4.9 9.14 14.19
44.49
89

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1
1 2 (1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + 49)
( + + + ... +
).
5 4 9 9 14 14 19
44 49
12

1 1 1 2 (12.50 + 25)
5.9.7.89
9
( ).
=
=
5 4 49
89
5.4.7.7.89
28

Bi 3. (4 im mi cu 2 im)
3

a) Tm x bit:

2 x +3 = x +2

Ta c: x + 2 0 => x - 2.
+ Nu x -

3
2

th

+ Nu - 2 x < -

2 x +3 = x +2

3
2

Th

=> 2x + 3 = x + 2 => x = - 1 (Tho mn)

2 x +3 = x +2

=> - 2x - 3 = x + 2 => x = -

5
3

(Tho

mn)
+ Nu - 2 > x Khng c gi tr ca x tho mn
b) Tm gi tr nh nht ca A = x 2006 + 2007 x Khi x thay i
+ Nu x < 2006 th: A = - x + 2006 + 2007 x = - 2x + 4013
Khi : - x > -2006 => - 2x + 4013 > 4012 + 4013 = 1 => A > 1
+ Nu 2006 x 2007 th: A = x 2006 + 2007 x = 1
+ Nu x > 2007 th A = x - 2006 - 2007 + x = 2x 4013
Do x > 2007 => 2x 4013 > 4014 4013 = 1 => A > 1.
Vy A t gi tr nh nht l 1 khi 2006 x 2007
Bi 4. Hin nay hai kim ng h ch 10 gi. Sau t nht bao lu th 2 kim
ng h nm i din nhau trn mt ng thng. (4 im mi)
Gi x, y l s vng quay ca kim pht v kim gi khi 10gi n lc 2 kim i
nhau trn mt ng thng, ta c:
1
3

xy=

(ng vi t s 12 n s 4 trn ng h)

v x : y = 12 (Do kim pht quay nhanh gp 12 ln kim gi)

Do :
x=

x 12
x
y x y 1
1
=
=>
= =
= : 11 =
y
1
12 1
11
3
33

12
4
( vng) => x =
33
11

(gi)

Vy thi gian t nht 2 kim ng h t khi 10 gi n lc nm i din

nhau trn mt ng thng l

4
11

gi

Bi 5. Cho tam gic vung ABC ( A = 1v), ng cao AH, trung tuyn AM. Trn
tia i tia MA ly im D sao cho DM = MA. Trn tia i tia CD ly im I
sao cho CI = CA, qua I v ng thng song song vi AC ct ng thng AH
ti E. Chng minh: AE = BC (4 im mi)
ng thng AB ct EI ti F
E

ABM = DCM v:

AM = DM (gt), MB = MC (gt),

AMB = DMC () => BAM = CDM

I

=>FB // ID => ID AC
V FAI = CIA (so le trong)

(1)
B

IE // AC (gt) => FIA = CAI (so le trong)

(2)
T (1) v (2) => CAI = FIA

(AI

chung)
=> IC = AC = AF
(3)
v

E FA = 1v

(4)
Mt khc EAF = BAH (),
BAH = ACB ( cng ph ABC)
=> EAF = ACB
(5)
T (3), (4) v (5) => AFE = CAB
=>AE = BC
s 2:
thi hc sinh gii huyn
Mn Ton Lp 7

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1:(4 im)
a) Thc hin php tnh:

A=

212.35 46.92

( 2 .3)
2

+ 8 .3
4

510.73 255.492

( 125.7 )

+ 59.143

Chng minh rng : Vi mi s nguyn dng n th :

3n + 2 2n+ 2 + 3n 2n chia ht cho 10
Bi 2:(4 im)
Tm x bit:
a. x

1 4
2
+ = ( 3, 2 ) +
3 5
5

b. ( x 7 )

x +1

( x 7)

x +11

=0

Bi 3: (4 im)
c) S A c chia thnh 3 s t l theo

2 3 1
: : . Bit rng tng cc bnh phng ca ba s
5 4 6

bng 24309. Tm s A.
a c
a2 + c2 a
=
d) Cho
. Chng minh rng: 2 2 =
c b
b +c
b

Bi 4: (4 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, M l trung im ca BC. Trn tia i ca ca tia MA ly im E sao cho ME
= MA. Chng minh rng:
a) AC = EB v AC // BE
b) Gi I l mt im trn AC ; K l mt im trn EB sao cho AI = EK . Chng minh ba
im I , M , K thng hng

c) T E k EH BC ( H BC ) . Bit HBE
= 50o ; MEB
=25o .

Tnh HEM
v BME
Bi 5: (4 im)
= 200 , v tam gic u DBC (D nm trong tam gic ABC). Tia
Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c A
phn gic ca gc ABD ct AC ti M. Chng minh:
c) Tia AD l phn gic ca gc BAC
d) AM = BC
Ht

p n 2 ton 7
Bi 1:(4 im):

a) (2 im)

212.35 46.9 2

510.73 255.49 2

10

212.35 212.34 510.7 3 5 .7 4

A=

= 12 6 12 5 9 3 9 3 3
6
3
9
3
2
4 5
2 .3 + 2 .3 5 .7 + 5 .2 .7
125.7
+
5
.14
( 2 .3) + 8 .3 ( )
212.34. ( 3 1) 510.73. ( 1 7 )
= 12 5

2 .3 . ( 3 + 1) 59.73. ( 1 + 23 )
212.34.2 5 .7 . ( 6 )
= 12 5
2 .3 .4
59.73.9
1 10 7
=
=
6
3
2
10

b) (2 im)
3n + 2 2n + 2 + 3n 2n = 3n + 2 + 3n 2n+ 2 2n
= 3n (32 + 1) 2n (22 + 1)
= 3n 10 2n 5 = 3n 10 2n1 10

= 10( 3n -2n)
Vy 3n + 2 2n + 2 + 3n 2n M 10 vi mi n l s nguyn dng.
Bi 2:(4 im)

a) (2 im)

1 4
2
1 4 16 2
+ = ( 3, 2 ) + x + =
+
3 5
5
3 5
5
5

1 4 14
+ =
3 5 5

x 1 =2
1
x = 2 3
x1 =2
3
3
x=2+ 1 = 7
3 3

x=2+1 = 5
3 3

b) (2 im)

( x 7)

x +1

( x 7)

( x 7)

x +11

=0

1 ( x 7 ) 10 = 0

10
( x +1)
1 ( x 7 ) = 0
( x 7)

x +1

x 7 x +1=0

1( x 7)10 =0

x 7=010 x =7
( x 7) =1 x=8
Bi 3: (4 im)

a) (2,5 im)
Gi a, b, c l ba s c chia ra t s A.
Theo bi ta c: a : b : c =

2 3 1
: : (1)
5 4 6

v a2 +b2 +c2 = 24309 (2)

a b c
2
3
k
= =
T (1) 2 3 1 = k a = k ; b = k ; c =
5
4
6
5 4 6
4 9 1
Do (2) k 2 ( + + ) = 24309
25 16 36

 k = 180 v k = 180

+ Vi k =180, ta c: a = 72; b = 135; c = 30.

Khi ta c s A = a + b + c = 237.
+ Vi k = 180 , ta c: a = 72 ; b = 135 ; c = 30
Khi ta c s A = 72 +( 135 ) + ( 30 ) = 237 .
b) (1,5 im)
T

a c
= suy ra c 2 = a.b
c b
a 2 + c 2 a 2 + a.b
khi 2 2 = 2
b +c
b + a.b
a ( a + b) a
= b( a + b ) = b

Bi 4: (4 im)
A

a/ (1im) Xt AMC v EMB c :

AM = EM

(gt )

AMC = EMB

(i nh )

BM = MC
(gt )
B
Nn : AMC = EMB (c.g.c )
im
AC = EB
K

V AMC = EMB MAC

= MEB
(2 gc c v tr so le trong c to bi
thng AC v EB ct ng thng AE )
Suy ra AC // BE .
b/ (1 im )
Xt AMI v EMK c :
AM = EM (gt )

= MEK
( v AMC = EMB )
MAI
AI = EK (gt )
Nn AMI = EMK ( c.g.c )

Suy ra AMI = EMK

M AMI + IME
= 180o ( tnh cht hai gc k b )

EMK
+ IME
= 180o
Ba im I;M;K thng hng
c/ (1,5 im )
= 90o ) c HBE

Trong tam gic vung BHE ( H

= 50o

= 90o - HBE
= 90o - 50o =40o
HBE

0,5

ng
0,5 im

= HEB
- MEB
= 40o - 25o = 15o
HEM

l gc ngoi ti nh M ca HEM
BME

Nn BME
= HEM
+ MHE
= 15o + 90o = 105o

( nh l gc ngoi ca tam gic )

20 0

Bi 5: (4 im)

a) Chng minh ADB = ADC (c.c.c)

suy ra DAB
= DAC

Do DAB
= 200 : 2 = 100
b) ABC cn ti A, m A = 200 (gt) nn

ABC = (1800 200 ) : 2 = 800

ABC u nn DBC
= 600

Tia BD nm gia hai tia BA v BC suy ra

ABD = 800 600 = 200 .
Tia BM l phn gic ca gc ABD
nn ABM = 100

Xt tam gic ABM v BAD c:

AB cnh chung ; BAM

= ABD = 200 ; ABM = DAB
= 100
Vy: ABM = BAD (g.c.g)
suy ra AM = BD, m BD = BC (gt) nn AM = BC
s 3:
thi hc sinh gii
Mn Ton Lp 7

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: Tm tt c cc s nguyn a bit a 4
Cu 2: Tm phn s c t l 7 bit n ln hn
Cu 3. Cho 2 a thc

9
9
v nh hn
10
11

P ( x ) = x 2 + 2mx + m 2 v
Q ( x ) = x 2 + (2m+1)x + m 2
Tm m bit P (1) = Q (-1)
Cu 4: Tm cc cp s (x; y) bit:
10

x y
= ; xy=84
3 7
1+3y 1+5y 1+7y
b/
=
=
12
5x
4x
Cu 5: Tm gi tr nh nht hoc ln nht ca cc biu thc sau :
a/

A=

x +1

+5

B=

x 2 + 15
x2 + 3

Cu 6: Cho tam gic ABC c < 90 0. V ra pha ngoi tam gic hai on
thng AD vung gc v bng AB; AE vung gc v bng AC.
a. Chng minh: DC = BE v DC BE
b. Gi N l trung im ca DE. Trn tia i ca tia NA ly M sao cho NA =
NM. Chng minh: AB = ME v ABC =
EMA
c. Chng minh: MA BC
p n 3 ton 7
Cu 1: Tm tt c cc s nguyn a bit a 4
0 a 4
=> a = 0; 1; 2; 3 ; 4
* a = 0 => a = 0
* a = 1 => a = 1 hoc a = - 1
* a = 2 => a = 2 hoc a = - 2
* a = 3 => a = 3 hoc a = - 3
* a = 4 => a = 4 hoc a = - 4
Cu 2: Tm phn s c t l 7 bit n ln hn
Gi mu phn s cn tm l x
Ta c:

9
9
v nh hn
10
11

9 7 9
63 63 63
< <
<
<
=>
=> -77 < 9x < -70. V 9x M9 => 9x = -72
10 x 11
70 9 x 77

=> x = 8

Vy phn s cn tm l

7
8

Cu 3. Cho 2 a thc
11

P ( x ) = x 2 + 2mx + m 2 v
Q ( x ) = x 2 + (2m+1)x + m 2
Tm m bit P (1) = Q (-1)
P(1) = 12 + 2m.1 + m2
= m2 + 2m + 1
Q(-1) = 1 2m 1 +m2
= m2 2m
P(1) = Q(-1) th m2 + 2m + 1 = m2 2m 4m = -1 m = -1/4
Cu 4: Tm cc cp s (x; y) bit:
x y
x 2 y 2 xy 84
a/
= ; xy=84 =>
=
=
=
=4
9 49 3.7 21
3 7
=> x2 = 4.49 = 196 => x = 14
=> y2 = 4.4 = 16 => x = 4
Do x,y cng du nn:
x = 6; y = 14
x = -6; y = -14
b/

1+3y 1+5y 1+7y

=
=
12
5x
4x
p dng tnh cht dy t s bng nhau ta c:

1+3y 1+5y 1+7y 1 + 7y 1 5y 2y 1 + 5y 1 3y

2y
=
=
=
=
=
=
12
5x
4x
4x 5x
x
5x 12
5x 12
=>

2y
2y
=
x 5 x 12

=> -x = 5x -12
=> x = 2. Thay x = 2 vo trn ta c:
1+ 3y 2 y
=
= y
12
2

=>1+ 3y = -12y
=> 1 = -15y
=> y =

1
15

Vy x = 2, y =

1
tho mn bi
15

Cu 5: Tm gi tr nh nht hoc ln nht ca cc biu thc sau :

12

A=

Ta c :

x +1

x +1

+5

0. Du = xy ra x= -1.

A 5.

Du = xy ra x= -1.
Vy: Min A = 5 x= -1.
B=

x 2 + 15
x2 + 3

(x

12
+ 3) + 12
=1+ 2
2
x +3
x +3

Ta c: x 2 0. Du = xy ra x = 0
x 2 + 3 3 ( 2 v dng )

12
x +3

12
3

12
12
4 1+ 2
1+ 4
x +3
x +3
2

B 5

Du = xy ra x = 0
Vy : Max B = 5 x = 0.
Cu 6:
a/
Xt
ADC v

BAF ta c:

DA = BA(gt)
AE = AC (gt)
DAC = BAE ( cng bng 900 + BAC )
=>

DAC =

BAE(c.g.c )

=> DC = BE
Xt

AIE v

TIC

I1 = I2 ( )
E1 = C1( do

DAC =

BAE)

=> EAI = CTI

=> CTI = 900 => DC
b/ Ta c:

MNE =

BE
AND (c.g.c)

=> D1 = MEN, AD = ME
13

m AD = AB ( gt)
=> AB = ME (pcm) (1)
V D1 = MEN => DA//ME => DAE + AEM = 1800 ( trong cng pha )
m BAC + DAE = 1800
=> BAC = AEM ( 2 )
Ta li c: AC = AE (gt) ( 3). T (1),(2) v (3) =>
c/ Ko di MA ct BC ti H. T E h EP
Xt

AHC v

ABC =

EMA ( pcm)

MH

EPA c:

CAH = AEP ( do cng ph vi gPAE )

AE = CA ( gt)
PAE = HCA ( do
=>

AHC =

ABC =

EMA cu b)

EPA

=> EPA = AHC

=> AHC = 900
=> MA

BC (pcm)

s 4:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1 ( 2 im)
Thc hin php tnh :
ab-

1 2
1
1
6. 3. +1 : ( 1
3
3

2

3

3
2003
. .( 1)
4
2
3
2 5
.

5 12

Cu 2 ( 2 im)
a- Tm s nguyn a

a2 + a + 3
a +1

l s nguyn
14

b- Tm s nguyn x,y sao cho x - 2xy + y = 0

Cu 3 ( 2 im)
a- Chng minh rng nu a + c = 2b v 2bd = c (b+d)

th

a
c
=
b d

vi b,d

khc 0
b- Cn bao nhiu s hng ca tng S = 1+2+3+ c mt s c ba
ch s ging nhau .
Cu 4 ( 3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC c gc B bng 45 0 , gc C bng 1200. Trn tia i ca tia
CB ly im D sao cho CD = 2CB . Tnh gc ADE
Cu 5 ( 1im)
Tm mi s nguyn t tho mn : x2 - 2y2 =1

Cu
1.a
1.b
2.a

p n 4
Hng dn chm
im
Thc hin theo tng bc ng kt qu -2 cho im ti 1im
a
Thc hin theo tng bc ng kt qu 14,4 cho im 1im
ti a
3
a 2 + a + 3 a (a + 1) + 3
0,25
=a+
Ta c :
=
a +1

a +1

v a l s nguyn nn

a +1
a +a +3
l
a +1
2

s nguyn khi

3
l
a +1

s nguyn hay a+1 l c ca 3 do ta c bng sau :

a+1
-3
-1
1
3
a
-4
-2
0
2
Vy vi a { 4,2,0,2} th

a2 + a + 3
a +1

0,25
0,25

l s nguyn
0,25

2.b

T : x-2xy+y=0
Hay (1-2y)(2x-1) = -1
0,25
V x,y l cc s nguyn nn (1-2y)v (2x-1) l cc s
nguyn do ta c cc trng hp sau :
0,25
15

 1 2y = 1 x = 0

2x 1 = 1 y = 0
1 2y = 1 x = 1

2x 1 = 1 y = 1

0,25
0,25

Hoc

3.a

Vy c 2 cp s x, y nh trn tho mn iu kin u

bi
V a+c=2b nn t 2bd = c (b+d) Ta c: (a+c)d=c(b+d) 0,5
Hay ad=bc Suy ra

3.b

a
c
=
b d

( PCM)

0,5

Gi s s c 3 ch s l aaa =111.a ( a l ch s khc

0)
Gi s s hng ca tng l n , ta c :
n( n + 1)
= 111a = 3.37.a Hay
2

0,25

n(n+1) =2.3.37.a

Vy n(n+1) chia ht cho 37 , m 37 l s nguyn t v

n+1<74 ( Nu n = 74 khng tho mn )
0,25
Do n=37 hoc n+1 = 37
Nu n=37 th n+1 = 38 lc
mn
Nu n+1=37 th n = 36 lc

n( n + 1)
= 703
2

n( n + 1)
= 666
2

khng tho
tho mn

0,5

Vy s s hng ca tng l 36
4

16

0,5

0,5
1,0

K DH Vung gc vi AC v
300
CD
CH = BC
Nn CH =

ACD =60 do CDH =

1,0

Tam gic BCH cn ti C CBH = 300 ABH = 150

M BAH = 150 nn tam gic AHB cn ti H

Do tam gic AHD vung cn ti H Vy ADB =
450+300=750
T : x2-2y2=1suy ra x2-1=2y2
Nu x chia ht cho 3 v x nguyn t nn x=3 lc y=
2 nguyn t tho mn
Nu x khng chia ht cho 3 th x2-1 chia ht cho 3 do
2y2 chia ht cho 3 M(2;3)=1 nn y chia ht cho 3
khi x2=19 khng tho mn
Vy cp s (x,y) duy nht tm c tho mn iu kin
u bi l (2;3)

0,25
0,25

0,25
0,25

s 5:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1 (3):
1, Tnh:

1
1
1
+

2003 2004 2005

P= 5
5
5
+

2003 2004 2005

2
2
2
+

2002 2003 2004

3
3
3
+

2002 2003 2004

2, Bit: 13 + 23 + . . . . . . .+ 103 = 3025.

17

Tnh:

S = 23 + 43 + 63 + . . . .+ 203

x 3 3 x 2 + 0, 25 xy 2 4
x2 + y
1
Tnh gi tr ca A bit x = ; y l s nguyn m ln nht.
2

3, Cho: A =

Bi 2 (1):
Tm x bit:
3x + 3x + 1 + 3x + 2 = 117
Bi 3 (1):
Mt con th chy trn mt con ng m hai phn ba con ng bng qua ng c
v on ng cn li i qua m ly. Thi gian con th chy trn ng c bng na thi
gian chy qua m ly.
Hi vn tc ca con th trn on ng no ln hn ? Tnh t s vn tc ca con
th trn hai on ng ?
Bi 4 (2):
Cho ABC nhn. V v pha ngoi ABC cc u ABD v ACE. Gi M l giao
im ca BE v CD. Chng minh rng:
1, ABE = ADC

2, BMC
= 1200
Bi 5 (3):
Cho ba im B, H, C thng hng, BC = 13 cm, BH = 4 cm, HC = 9 cm. T H v tia
Hx vung gc vi ng thng BC. Ly A thuc tia Hx sao cho HA = 6 cm.
1, ABC l g ? Chng minh iu .
2, Trn tia HC ly im D sao cho HD = HA. T D v ng thng song song vi
AH ct AC ti E.
Chng minh: AE = AB

s 6:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1 (4):
Cho cc a thc:
A(x) = 2x5 4x3 + x2 2x + 2
B(x) = x5 2x4 + x2 5x + 3
C(x) = x4 + 4x3 + 3x2 8x + 4

3
16

1, Tnh M(x) = A(x) 2B(x) + C(x)

2, Tnh gi tr ca M(x) khi x = 0, 25
3, C gi tr no ca x M(x) = 0 khng ?
Bi 2 (4):
18

1, Tm ba s a, b, c bit:
3a = 2b; 5b = 7c v 3a + 5b 7c = 60
2, Tm x bit:
2x 3 x = 2 x

Bi 3 (4):
Tm gi tr nguyn ca m v n biu thc
2
c gi tr ln nht
6m
8n
2, Q =
c gi tr nguyn nh nht
n3

1, P =

Bi 4 (5):
Cho tam gic ABC c AB < AC; AB = c, AC = b. Qua M l trung im ca BC k
ng vung gc vi ng phn gic trong ca gc A, ct cc ng thng AB, AC ln
lt ti D, E.
1, Chng minh BD = CE.
2, Tnh AD v BD theo b, c
Bi 5 (3):

Cho ABC cn ti A, BAC

= 1000 . D l im thuc min trong ca ABC sao cho

DBC
= 100 , DCB
= 200 .
Tnh gc ADB ?

s 7:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1 (3): Tnh:
1 3
1 1
1, 6. 3. + 1 1
3 3

2, (63 + 3. 62 + 33) : 13
3,

9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1

10 90 72 56 42 30 20 12 6 2

Bi 2 (3):
1, Cho

a b c
= = v a + b + c 0; a = 2005.
b c a

Tnh b, c.
2, Chng minh rng t h thc
a c
=
b d

a+b c+d
=
ta c h thc:
ab cd

Bi 3 (4):
19

 di ba cnh ca tam gic t l vi 2; 3; 4. Ba chiu cao tng ng vi ba cnh

t l vi ba s no ?
Bi 4 (3):
V th hm s:
2 x ; x 0
x ; x < 0

y=

Bi 5 (3):
Chng t rng:
A = 75. (42004 + 42003 + . . . . . + 42 + 4 + 1) + 25 l s chia ht cho 100
Bi 6 (4):
Cho tam gic ABC c gc A = 60 0. Tia phn gic ca gc B ct AC ti D, tia phn
gic ca gc C ct AB ti E. Cc tia phn gic ct nhau ti I.
Chng minh: ID = IE

s 8:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1 (5):
1, Tm n N bit (33 : 9)3n = 729
2, Tnh :
2

A=

4
2

9
2

1 2 3

0, ( 4) + 3 5 7
2 4 6

3 5 7

Bi 2 (3):
Cho a,b,c R v a,b,c 0 tho mn b2 = ac. Chng minh rng:
a
c

( a + 2007b) 2
(b + 2007c) 2

Bi 3 (4):
Ba i cng nhn lm 3 cng vic c khi lng nh nhau. Thi gian hon thnh
cng vic ca i , , ln lt l 3, 5, 6 ngy. Bit i nhiu hn i l 2 ngi
v nng sut ca mi cng nhn l bng nhau. Hi mi i c bao nhiu cng nhn ?
Cu 4 (6):
Cho ABC nhn. V v pha ngoi ABC cc u ABD v ACE.
1, Chng minh: BE = DC.
2, Gi H l giao im ca BE v CD. Tnh s o gc BHC.
Bi 5 (2):
Cho m, n N v p l s nguyn t tho mn:

p
m 1

m +n
p

.
20

Chng minh rng : p2 = n + 2.

s 9:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a, Cho

4
A = (0,8.7 + 0.82 ).(1,25.7 .1,25) + 31,64
5
(11,81 + 8,19).0,02
B=
9 : 11,25

Trong hai s A v B s no ln hn v ln hn bao nhiu ln ?

b) S A = 101998 4 c chia ht cho 3 khng ? C chia ht cho 9 khng ?
Cu 2: (2 im)
Trn qung ng AB di 31,5 km. An i t A n B, Bnh i t B n A.
Vn tc An so vi Bnh l 2: 3. n lc gp nhau, thi gian An i so vi Bnh i
l 3: 4.
Tnh qung ng mi ngi i ti lc gp nhau ?
Cu 3:
a) Cho f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c vi a, b, c l cc s hu t.
Chng t rng: f (2). f (3) 0 . Bit rng 13a + b + 2c = 0
b) Tm gi tr nguyn ca x biu thc

A=

2
6x

c gi tr ln nht.

Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho ABC dng tam gic vung cn BAE; BAE = 90 0, B v E nm hai
na mt phng khc nhau b AC. Dng tam gic vung cn FAC, FAC = 90 0. F
v C nm hai na mt phng khc nhau b AB.
a) Chng minh rng: ABF = ACE
b) FB EC.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Tm ch s tn cng ca
A = 19

89

51

+2

96

91

21

 s 10:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
3 3

0,375 0,3 + +
1,5 + 1 0,75

11 12 : 1890 + 115

A
=
+
a) Tnh
2,5 + 5 1,25 0,625 + 0,5 5 5 2005

3
11 12

1 1 1 1
1
1
b) Cho B = + 2 + 3 + 4 + ... + 2004 + 2005
3 3 3 3
3
3

Chng minh rng

B<

1
.
2

Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Chng minh rng nu

a
c
=
b d

th

(gi thit cc t s u c ngha).

b) Tm x bit:

5a + 3b 5c + 3d
=
5a 3b 5c 3d

x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4
+

=
2004 2003 2002 2001

Cu 3: (2im)
a) Cho a thc f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c vi a, b, c l cc s thc. Bit rng f(0); f(1);
f(2) c gi tr nguyn.
Chng minh rng 2a, 2b c gi tr nguyn.
b) di 3 cnh ca tam gic t l vi 2; 3; 4. Ba ng cao tng ng vi ba
cnh t l vi ba s no ?
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic cn ABC (AB = AC0. Trn cnh BC ly im D, trn tia i
ca tia CB ly im E sao cho BD = CE. Cc ng thng vung gc vi BC k t
D v E ct AB, AC ln lt M, N. Chng minh rng:
a) DM = EN
b) ng thng BC ct MN ti trung im I ca MN.
c) ng thng vung gc vi MN ti I lun i qua mt im c nh khi D
thay i trn cnh BC.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Tm s t nhin n phn s

7n 8
2n 3

c gi tr ln nht.

22

 s 11:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh:
A=

3 3 11 11

0,75 0,6 + + : + + 2,75 2,2

7 13 7 13

B=

10 1,21 22 0,25 5

:
+

49 +
7
3

b) Tm cc gi tr ca x :
Cu 2: (2 im)

225

x +3 + x +1 =3 x

a) Cho a, b, c > 0 . Chng t rng:

M =

a
b
c
+
+
a+b b+c c+a

khng l s nguyn.

b) Cho a, b, c tho mn: a + b + c = 0. Chng minh rng: ab + bc + ca 0 .

Cu 3: (2 im)
a) Tm hai s dng khc nhau x, y bit rng tng, hiu v tch ca chng
ln lt t l nghch vi 35; 210 v 12.
b) Vn tc ca my bay, t v tu ho t l vi cc s 10; 2 v 1. Thi
gian my bay bay t A n B t hn thi gian t chy t A n B l 16 gi.
Hi tu ho chy t A n B mt bao lu ?
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho cnh hnh vung ABCD c di l 1. Trn cc cnh AB, AD ly cc
im P, Q sao cho chu vi APQ bng 2.
Chng minh rng gc PCQ bng 450.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Chng minh rng:

1 1
1
1
9
+ +
+ ... +
<
5 15 25
1985 20

s 12:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Chng minh rng vi mi s n nguyn dng u c:
A= 5n (5n + 1) 6n (3n + 2) M 91
b) Tm tt c cc s nguyn t P sao cho P 2 + 14 l s nguyn t.
Bi 2: ( 2 im)
a) Tm s nguyn n sao cho n 2 + 3 M n 1
b) Bit

bz cy cx az ay bx
=
=
a
b
c

23

Chng minh rng:

a
b
c
= =
x
y
z

Bi 3: (2 im)
An v Bch c mt s bu nh, s bu nh ca mi ngi cha n 100. S bu
nh hoa ca An bng s bu nh th rng ca Bch.
+ Bch ni vi An. Nu ti cho bn cc bu nh th rng ca ti th s bu nh
ca bn gp 7 ln s bu nh ca ti.
+ An tr li: cn nu ti cho bn cc bu nh hoa ca ti th s bu nh ca
ti gp bn ln s bu nh ca bn.
Tnh s bu nh ca mi ngi.
Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho ABC c gc A bng 1200 . Cc ng phn gic AD, BE, CF .
a) Chng minh rng DE l phn gic ngoi ca ADB.
b) Tnh s o gc EDF v gc BED.
Bi 5: (1 im)
Tm cc cp s nguyn t p, q tho mn:
2

52 p + 1997 = 52 p + q 2

s 13:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
Tnh:

5
5
1
3
1
10 . 230
+ 46
13 2
27
6
25
4
4
3
10
1
2

1 + : 12 14
10
3
3
7

Bi 2: (3 im)
a) Chng minh rng: A = 3638 + 4133 chia ht cho 77.
b) Tm cc s nguyn x B = x 1 + x 2
t gi tr nh nht.
3
2
c) Chng minh rng: P(x) = ax + bx + cx + d c gi tr nguyn vi mi x nguyn
khi v ch khi 6a, 2b, a + b + c v d l s nguyn.
Bi 3: (2 im)
a) Cho t l thc
ab a 2 b 2
=
cd c 2 d 2

a
c
=
b d

. Chng minh rng:

2

a2 + b2
a +b

= 2
c + d2
c +d

b) Tm tt c cc s nguyn dng n sao cho: 2 n 1 chia ht cho 7.

Bi 4: (2 im)
Cho cnh hnh vung ABCD c di l 1. Trn cc cnh AB, AD ly cc
im P, Q sao cho chu vi APQ bng 2. Chng minh rng gc PCQ bng 450.
24

Bi 5: (1 im)
Chng minh rng:

3a + 2b M17 10a + b M17

(a, b Z )

s 14:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tm s nguyn dng a ln nht sao cho 2004! chia ht cho 7a.
b) Tnh

1 1 1
1
+ + + ... +
2 3 4
2005
P=
2004 2003 2002
1
+
+
+ ... +
1
2
3
2004

Bi 2: (2 im)
Cho

x
y
z
t
=
=
=
y + z +t z +t + x t + x + y x + y + z

chng minh rng biu thc sau c gi tr nguyn.

P=

x + y y + z z +t
t+x
+
+
+
z +t
t+x x+y y+z

Bi 3: (2 im)
Hai xe my khi hnh cng mt lc t A v B, cch nhau 11 km i n
C. Vn tc ca ngi i t A l 20 km/h. Vn tc ca ngi i t B l 24 km/h.
Tnh qung ng mi ngi i. Bit h n C cng mt lc v A, B, C
thng hng.
Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic nhn ABC. K AH BC (H BC). V AE AB v AE = AB (E
v C khc pha i vi AC). K EM v FN cng vung gc vi ng thng AH (M,
N AH). EF ct AH O.
Chng minh rng O l trung im ca EF.
Bi 5: (1 im)
So snh: 5255 v 2579

25

 s 15:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
Tnh :

1 1
1

+
A = 6 39 51
1 1
1

+
8 52 68

B = 512

512 512 512

512
2 3 ... 10
2
2
2
2

Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Tm x, y nguyn bit: xy + 3x - y = 6
b) Tm x, y, z bit:

x
y
z
=
=
=x+y+z
z + y +1 x + z +1 x + y 2

(x, y, z 0 )

Cu 3: (2 im)
a) Chng minh rng: Vi n nguyn dng ta c:
S = 3n + 2 2n + 2 + 3n 2n chia ht cho 10.
b) Tm s t nhin x, y bit: 7( x 2004) 2 = 23 y 2
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, AK l trung tuyn. Trn na mt phng khng cha B,
b l AC, k tia Ax vung gc vi AC; trn tia Ax ly im M sao cho AM = AC.
Trn na mt phng khng cha C, b l AB, k tia Ay vung gc vi AB v ly
im N thuc Ay sao cho AN = AB. Ly im P trn tia AK sao cho AK = KP.
Chng minh:
a) AC // BP.
b) AK MN.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Cho a, b, c l s o 3 cnh ca mt tam gic vung vi c l s o cnh
huyn. Chng minh rng:
a 2 n + b 2 n c 2 n ; n l s t nhin ln hn 0.

s 16:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
Tnh:
3 1
16 1
8 . 5 +3 . 5
19 4 : 7
A= 9 4
1
24
14
2
2
. 34
34
17

26

B=

1 1 1
1
1
1
1

3 8 54 108 180 270 378

Cu 2: ( 2, 5 im)
1) Tm s nguyn m :
a) Gi tr ca biu thc m -1 chia ht cho gi tr ca biu thc 2m +
1.
b) 3m 1 <3
2) Chng minh rng: 3n + 2 2n + 4 + 3n + 2n chia ht cho 30 vi mi n nguyn dng.
Cu 3: (2 im)
a) Tm x, y, z bit:
x
y
y
z
= ;
=
2
3
4 5
f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c . Bit

x 2 y 2 = 16

b) Cho
f(0), f(1), f(2) u l cc s nguyn.
Chng minh f(x) lun nhn gi tr nguyn vi mi x nguyn.
Cu 4: (2,5 im)
Cho tam gic ABC c ba gc nhn, ng cao AH. min ngoi ca tam
gic ABC ta v cc tam gic vung cn ABE v ACF u nhn A lm nh gc
vung. K EM, FN cng vung gc vi AH (M, N thuc AH).
a) Chng minh: EM + HC = NH.
b) Chng minh: EN // FM.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Cho 2 n + 1 l s nguyn t (n > 2). Chng minh 2 n 1 l hp s.

s 17:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im) Tnh nhanh:
1 1 1 1
(1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 99 + 100) (63.1,2 21.3,6)
2 3 7 9
A=
1 2 + 3 4 + ... + 99 100
1
2 3 2
4

14 7 + 35 . ( 15 )

B=
1
3 2
2

5
10 + 25 5 . 7

Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc A = 3x 2 2 x + 1 vi
b) Tm x nguyn
Cu 3: ( 2 im)

x +1

chia ht cho

x =

1
2

x 3

27

a) Tm x, y, z bit

3x 3 y
3z
=
=
8
64 216

2x2 + 2 y 2 z 2 = 1

b) Mt t phi i t A n B trong thi gian d nh. Sau khi i c na

qung ng t tng vn tc ln 20 % do n B sm hn d nh 15 pht.
Tnh thi gian t i t A n B.
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, trung tuyn AM. Trn na mt phng cha nh C b
l ng thng AB dng on AE vung gc vi AB v AE = AB. Trn na mt
phng cha nh B b l ng thng AC dng on AF vung gc vi AC v
AF = AC. Chng minh rng:
a) FB = EC
b) EF = 2 AM
c) AM EF.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Chng t rng:

1 1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
+ + ... +

=
+
+ ... +
+
2 3 4
99 200 101 102
199 200

s 18:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
a)
b)

2 2
1
1
+
0,25 +
9 11 3
5
Thc hin php tnh: M =
7 7
1
1,4 +
1 0,875 + 0,7
9 11
6
1
1 1 1
1 1
Tnh tng: P = 1 10 15 3 28 6 21
0,4

Cu 2: (2 im)
1) Tm x bit: 2 x +3 2 4 x =5
2) Trn qung ng Kp - Bc giang di 16,9 km, ngi th nht i t Kp
n Bc Giang, ngi th hai i t Bc Giang n Kp. Vn tc ngi th nht
so vi ngi th hai bng 3: 4. n lc gp nhau vn tc ngi th nht i so vi
ngi th hai i l 2: 5.
Hi khi gp nhau th h cch Bc Giang bao nhiu km ?
Cu 3: (2 im)
a) Cho a thc f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c (a, b, c nguyn).
CMR nu f(x) chia ht cho 3 vi mi gi tr ca x th a, b, c u
chia ht cho 3.
b) CMR: nu
ngha).
Cu 4: (3 im)

a
c
=
b d

th

7 a 2 + 5ac 7b 2 + 5bd
=
7 a 2 5ac 7b 2 5bd

(Gi s cc t s u c

28

Cho tam gic ABC c AB < AC. Gi M l trung im ca BC, t M k ng

thng vung gc vi tia phn gic ca gc A, ct tia ny ti N, ct tia AB ti E v
ct tia AC ti F. Chng minh rng:
a) AE = AF
b) BE = CF
c)

AE =

AB + AC
2

Cu 5: (1 im)
i vn ngh khi 7 gm 10 bn trong c 4 bn nam, 6 bn n. cho
mng ngy 30/4 cn 1 tit mc vn ngh c 2 bn nam, 2 bn n tham gia.
Hi c nhiu nht bao nhiu cch la chn c 4 bn nh trn tham gia.

s 19:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc:
11 3

1 2
1 31 . 4 7 15 6 3 . 19 14 31

. 1
A=

.
5
1
1
93 50

4 6 + 6 12 5 3

1
1 1
1
1
>
b) Chng t rng: B = 1 2 2 2 ...
2
2
3 3
2004
2004

Cu 2: (2 im)
Cho phn s:

C =

3 x +2
4 x 5

(x Z)

a) Tm x Z C t gi tr ln nht, tm gi tr ln nht .
b) Tm x Z C l s t nhin.
Cu 3: (2 im)
Cho

a
c
=
b d

. Chng minh rng:

ab (a + b) 2
=
cd (c + d ) 2

Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic vung cn ABC (AB = AC), tia phn gic ca cc gc B v C
ct AC v AB ln lt ti E v D.
a) Chng minh rng: BE = CD; AD = AE.
b) Gi I l giao im ca BE v CD. AI ct BC M, chng minh rng cc
MAB; MAC l tam gic vung cn.
29

c) T A v D v cc ng thng vung gc vi BE, cc ng thng ny ct

BC ln lt K v H. Chng minh rng KH = KC.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Tm s nguyn t p sao cho:
3 p 2 +1 ; 24 p 2 +1 l cc s nguyn t.

s 20:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
a) Thc hin php tnh:
3 3
+
7
13
A=
11 11 ;
2,75 2,2 + +
7
3
B = ( 251.3 + 281) + 3.251 (1 281)
0,75 0,6 +

b) Tm cc s nguyn t x, y sao cho: 51x + 26y = 2000.

Cu 2: ( 2 im)
a) Chng minh rng: 2a - 5b + 6c M 17 nu a - 11b + 3c M 17 (a, b, c
Z).
b) Bit

bz cy cx az ay bx
=
=
a
b
c

Chng minh rng:

a
b
c
= =
x
y
z

Cu 3: ( 2 im)
By gi l 4 gi 10 pht. Hi sau t nht bao lu th hai kim ng h nm
i din nhau trn mt ng thng.
Cu 4: (2 im)
Cho ABC vung cn ti A. Gi D l im trn cnh AC, BI l phn gic
ca ABD, ng cao IM ca BID ct ng vung gc vi AC k t C ti N.
Tnh gc IBN ?
Cu 5: (2 im)
S 2100 vit trong h thp phn to thnh mt s. Hi s c bao nhiu
ch s ?

30

 s 21:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc
5
3 3

2,5 + 1,25
0,375 0,3 + +
3
11 12 .

P = 2005 :
5
5
1
,
5
+
1
0,75
0,625 + 0,5

11 12

b) Chng minh rng:

3
5
7
19
+ 2 2 + 2 2 + ... + 2 2 < 1
2
1 .2
2 .3
3 .4
9 .10
2

Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Chng minh rng vi mi s nguyn dng n th:
3n + 3 + 3n +1 + 2n + 3 + 2n + 2 chia ht cho 6.
b) Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
D = 2004 x + 2003 x

Cu 3: (2 im)
Mt t phi i t A n B trong thi gian d nh. Sau khi i c na
qung ng t tng vn tc ln 20 % do n B sm hn d nh 10 pht.
Tnh thi gian t i t A n B.
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, M l trung im ca BC. Trn na mt phng khng
cha C c b AB, v tia Ax vung gc vi AB, trn tia ly im D sao cho AD
= AB. Trn na mt phng khng cha B c b AC v tia Ay vung gc vi AC.
Trn tia ly im E sao cho AE = AC. Chng minh rng:
a) DE = 2 AM
b) AM DE.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Cho n s x1, x2, , xn mi s nhn gi tr 1 hoc -1. Chng minh rng nu
x1. x2 + x2. x3 + + xn x1 = 0 th n chia ht cho 4.

s 22:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc:

31

4
3

81,624 : 4 4,505 + 125

3
4

A=
2
11 2

2 13
: 0,88 + 3,53 (2,75) :
25
25

b) Chng minh rng tng:

S=

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4 + 6 ... + 4 n 2 4 n + .... + 2002 2004 < 0,2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

Bi 2: (2 im)
a) Tm cc s nguyn x tho mn.
2005 = x 4 + x 10 + x +101 + x +990 + x +1000

b) Cho p > 3. Chng minh rng nu cc s p, p + d , p + 2d l cc s nguyn

t th d chia ht cho 6.
Bi 3: (2 im)
a) lm xong mt cng vic, mt s cng nhn cn lm trong mt s
ngy. Mt bn hc sinh lp lun rng nu s cng nhn tng thm 1/3 th thi
gian s gim i 1/3. iu ng hay sai ? v sao ?
b) Cho dy t s bng nhau:
Tnh

2a + b + c + d a + 2b + c + d a + b + 2c + d a + b + c + 2d
=
=
=
a
b
c
d
a+b b+c c+d d +a
M =
+
+
+
c+d d +a a+b b+c

Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic nhn ABC, AB > AC phn gic BD v CE ct nhau ti I.
a) Tnh cc gc ca DIE nu gc A = 600.
b) Gi giao im ca BD v CE vi ng cao AH ca ABC ln lt l M v
N. Chng minh BM > MN + NC.
Bi 5: (1 im)
Cho z, y, z l cc s dng.
Chng minh rng:

x
y
z
3
+
+

2x + y + z 2 y + z + x 2z + x + y 4

s 23:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tm x bit: x + 6 x 2 = x +4
b) Tm tng cc h s ca a thc nhn c sau khi b du ngoc trong
biu thc: A(x) = (3 4 x + x 2 ) 2004 . (3 + 4 x + x 2 ) 2005
2

Bi 2: (2 im)
32

Ba ng cao ca tam gic ABC c di bng 4; 12; x bit rng x l mt

s t nhin. Tm x ?
Bi 3: (2 im)
Cho

x
y
z
t
=
=
=
y + z +t z +t + x t + x + y x + y + z

CMR biu thc sau c gi tr nguyn:

P=

x + y y + z z +t
t+x
+
+
+
z +t
t+x x+y y+z

Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC vung A c gc B = . Trn cnh AC ly im E sao
cho gc EBA=

1
.
3

Trn tia i ca tia EB ly im D sao cho ED = BC.

Chng minh tam gic CED l tam gic cn.

Bi 5: (1 im)
Tm cc s a, b, c nguyn dng tho mn :
a 3 + 3a 2 + 5 = 5b v a + 3 = 5c

s 24:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh A = 3 32 + 33 34 + ... + 32003 32004
b) Tm x bit x 1 + x +3 = 4
Bi 2: (2 im)
Chng minh rng:
Nu
Th

x
y
z
=
=
a + 2b + c 2a + b c 4a 4b + c

a
b
c
=
=
x + 2 y + z 2x + y z 4x 4 y + z

Bi 3: (2 im)
Hai xe my khi hnh cng mt lc t A v B, cch nhau 11km i n
C (ba a im A, B, C cng trn mt ng thng). Vn tc ca ngi i t A
l 20 km/h. Vn tc ca ngi i t B l 24 km/h.
Tnh qung ng mi ngi i. Bit h n C cng mt lc.
33

Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC c gc A khc 90 0, gc B v C nhn, ng cao AH. V
cc im D, E sao cho AB l trung trc ca HD, AC l trung trc ca HE. Gi I, K
ln lt l giao im ca DE vi AB v AC.
Tnh s o cc gc AIC v AKB ?
Bi 5: (1 im)
Cho x = 2005. Tnh gi tr ca biu thc:
x 2005 2006 x 2004 + 2006 x 2003 2006 x 2002 + .... 2006 x 2 + 2006 x 1

s 25:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

a
b
c
= =
b
c
d

Cu 1 . ( 2) Cho:

Chng minh:

a
a +b +c

=
b
+
c
+
d
d

Cu 2. (1). Tm A bit rng:

a
c
b
=
=
.
b +c a +b c +a
Cu 3. (2). Tm x Z
x +3
a). A = x 2 .

A=

Cu 4. (2). Tm x:

A Z v tm gi tr .
b). A =

1 2x
x +3

a) x 3 = 5 .
b). ( x+ 2) 2 = 81.
c). 5 x + 5 x+ 2 = 650
Cu 5. (3). Cho ABC vung cn ti A, trung tuyn AM . E BC,
BH,CK AE, (H,K AE). Chng minh MHK vung cn.

s 26:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2)
34

Rt gn A=

x x2
x + 8 x 20
2

Cu 2 (2)
Ba lp 7A,7B,7C c 94 hc sinh tham gia trng cy. Mi hc sinh lp 7A trng c
3 cy, Mi hc sinh lp 7B trng c 4 cy, Mi hc sinh lp 7C trng c 5 cy,.
Hi mi lp c bao nhiu hc sinh. Bit rng s cy mi lp trng c u nh
nhau.
Cu 3: (1,5)
Chng minh rng

102006 + 53
l mt s t nhin.
9

Cu 4 : (3)
Cho gc xAy = 600 v tia phn gic Az ca gc . T mt im B trn Ax v ng thng song song vi vi Ay ct Az ti C. v Bh Ay,CM Ay, BK
AC.Chng minh rng .
a, K l trung im ca AC.
b,

BH =

AC
2

c, V KMC u
Cu 5 (1,5 )
Trong mt k thi hc sinh gii cp Huyn, bn bn Nam, Bc, Ty, ng ot 4
gii 1,2,3,4 . Bit rng mi cu trong 3 cu di y ng mt na v sai 1 na:
a, ty t gii 1, Bc t gii 2.
b, Ty t gii 2, ng t gii 3.
c, Nam t gii 2, ng t gii 4.
Em hy xc nh th t ng ca gii cho cc bn.

s 27:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (3 im): Tnh
1
2
2 3
1

18 6 (0, 06 : 7 2 + 3 5 .0,38) : 19 2 3 .4 4

Bi 2: (4 im): Cho
a2 + c2 a
a) 2 2 =
b +c
b

a c
= chng minh rng:
c b
b2 a 2 b a
b) 2 2 =
a +c
a

35

Bi 3:(4 im) Tm x bit:

1
5

a) x + 4 = 2

b)

15
3 6
1
x+ = x
12
7 5
2

Bi 4: (3 im) Mt vt chuyn ng trn cc cnh hnh vung. Trn hai cnh u vt

chuyn ng vi vn tc 5m/s, trn cnh th ba vi vn tc 4m/s, trn cnh th t vi vn
tc 3m/s. Hi di cnh hnh vung bit rng tng thi gian vt chuyn ng trn bn
cnh l 59 giy
= 200 , v tam gic u DBC (D nm
Bi 5: (4 im) Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c A
trong tam gic ABC). Tia phn gic ca gc ABD ct AC ti M. Chng minh:
e) Tia AD l phn gic ca gc BAC
f) AM = BC

Bi 6: (2 im): Tm x, y bit: 25 y 2 = 8( x 2009)2

---------------------------------------------------------

s 28:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1.

Tnh

1
1
1
1
+
+
+ ... +
1.6 6.11 11.16
96.101

1 1 1
+ =
x y 5
Bi 3. Tm hai s dng bit: tng, hiu v tch ca chng t l nghch vi
cc s 20, 140 v 7
Bi 4. Tm x, y tho mn: x 1 + x 2 + y 3 + x 4 = 3
Bi 5. Cho tam gic ABC c gc ABC = 50 0 ; gc BAC = 700 . Phn gic
trong gc ACB ct AB ti M. Trn MC ly im N sao cho gc MBN = 40 0.
Chng minh: BN = MC.
Bi 2.

Tm gi tr nguyn dng ca x v y, sao cho:

s 29:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: Tm tt c cc s nguyn a bit a 4
36

9
9
v nh hn
10
11
Cu 3: Trong 3 s x, y, z c 1 s dng , mt s m v mt s 0. Hi mi s
thuc loi no bit:
x = y 3 y 2z
Cu 2: Tm phn s c t l 7 bit n ln hn

Cu 4: Tm cc cp s (x; y) bit:
x y
a,
= ; xy=84
3 7
1+3y 1+5y 1+7y
b,
=
=
12
5x
4x
Cu 5: Tnh tng:
3n1 + 1
S = 1 + 2 + 5 + 14 + ... +
(n Z* )
2
Cu 6: Cho tam gic ABC c < 900. V ra pha ngi tam gic hai on thng
AD vung gc v bng AB; AE vung gc v bng AC.
d. Chng minh: DC = BE v DC BE
e. Gi N l trung im ca DE. Trn tia i ca tia NA ly M sao cho NA =
NM. Chng minh: AB = ME v V ABC =VV EMA
f. Chng minh: MA BC

s 30:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: So snh cc s:
a.
A = 1 + 2 + 22 + ... + 250
B =251
b.
2300 v 3200
Cu 2: Tm ba s a, b, c bit a t l thun vi 7 v 11; b v c t l nghch vi 3
v 8 v 5a - 3b + 2c = 164
Cu 3: Tnh nhanh:
1
1
1
761
4
5
3

+
417 762 139 762 417.762 139
Cu 4. Cho tam gic ACE u sao cho B v E hai na mt phng i nhau
c b AC.
a. Chng minh tam gic AED cn.
b. Tnh s o gc ACD?

37

Tuyn tp cc thi hc
sinh gii lp 7

Mt s kinh nghim nh v tm ch s tn cng v ng dng vo cc

bi ton chng minh chia ht ca cc lp 6,7
I. phn m u : Tm ch s tn cng ca mt lu tha
38

y l nhng bi ton tng i phc tp ca hc sinh cc lp 6,7

nhng li l nhng bi ton ht sc l th , n to cho hc sinh lng say m khm
ph t cc em ngy cng yeu mn ton hn . c nhng bi c s m rt ln tng nh l mnh khng th gii c . Nhng nh pht hin v nm bt c qui lut
, vn dungj qui lut cc em t gii c v t nhin thy mnh lm c mt vic
v cng ln lao . t gieo vo tr tu cc em kh nng khm ph , kh nng t
nghin cu
Tuy l kh nhng chng ta hng dn cc em mt cch t t c h thng ,l rch
v cht ch th cc em vn tip fhu tt . y l mt kinh nghim nh m ti
mun trnh by v trao i cng cc bn

II. Ni dung c th :
1. L thuyt v tm ch s tn cng : phn ny rt quan trng , cn l
gii cho hc sinh mt cch k lng ,y
( X 0) n = A0 mt s c tn cng l 0 khi lu tha bc n c tn cng vn l 0
( X 1) n = B1 mt s c tn cng l 1 khi lu tha bc n c tn cng vn l 1
( X 5) n = C 5 mt s c tn cng l 5 khi lu tha bc n c tn cng vn l 5
( X 6) n = D6 mt s c tn cng l 6 khi lu tha bc n c tn cng vn l 6
X 5 *a = F 0 vi a chn : mt s c tn cng l 5 khi nhn vi mmt s
chn s c ch s tn cng l 0
x5 *a = N 5 vi a l : mt s c tn cng l 5 khi nhn vi mt s l s c tn
cng l 5
Qua cc cng thc trn ta c quy tc sau : Mt s tn nhin c ch s tn cng
l : (0,1,5,6) khi nng ln lu tha vi s m t nhin th c ch s t nhin khng
thay i
Kt lun trn l cha kho gi cc bi ton v tm ch s tn cng ca
mt lu tha
2. Cc bi ton c bn .
Bi ton 1 : Tm ch s tn cng ca cc lu tha sau
a) 2100 ; b) 3100 ; c) 4100 d) 5100 ; e) 6100 ; f) 7100 g) 8100 ; 9100
Ta nhn thy cc lu tha 5100 , 6100 thuc v dng c bn trnh by trn
nay cn li cc lu tha m c s l 2, 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 , 9
Mun gii cc bi ton ny th ta phai a chng v mt trong 4 dng c bn
trn . thc cht ch c a v hai dng c bn l : ( X 1) n = M 1 , ( X 6) n = N 6

gii bi ton 1
a) 2100 = 24*25 = ( ( 2) 4)25 = (16)25 = A6
b) 3100 = 34*25 = ( (3) 4)25 = (81)25 = B1
c) 4100 = 44*50 =( ( 4 ) 2)50 = (16)50 = C 6
d) 7100 = 74*25 =( ( 7 ) 4)25 = 240125 = D1
39

e) 8100 = 84*25 = ( (8) 4)25 = 409625 = E 6

f) 9100 = 92*50 = ( (9 ) 2)50 = 8150 = F1
Bi ton 2 : tm ch s tn cng ca cc s sau :
a) 2101 ; b) 3101 ; c) 41o1 , d) 7101 ; e) 8101 ; f) 9101
Gii bi ton 2
_ nhn xt u tin .
s m ( 101 khng chia ht cho 2 v 4 )
_ Ta vit 101 = 4.25 +1
101 = 2 .50 +1
_ p dng cng thc am+n = am.an
ta c : a) 2101 = 24.25+1 = 2100 . 2 = Y 6 .2 = M 2
b) 3101 = 3100+1 = 3100 . 3 = B1 .3 = Y 3
c) 41o1 = 4100 +1 = 4100 . 4 = C 6 . 4 = k 4
d) 7101 = 7100+1 = 7100 . 7 = D1 .7 = F 7
e) 8101 = 8100+1 = 8100 . 8 = E 6 .8 = N 8
f) 9101 = 9100 +1 = 9100 . 9 = F1 . 9 = M 9

3. Mt s bi ton phc tp hn
Bi ton 3: Tm ch s tn cng ca cc lu tha sau :
a) 12921997 ; b) 33331997 ; c) 12341997 ; d) 12371997 ; e) 12381997 ;
f) 25691997

Bi gii
Nhn xt quan trng : Thc cht ch s tn cng ca lu tha bc n ca mts
t nhin ch ph thuc vo ch s tn cng ca s t nhin m thi (c s) .
Nh vy bi to 3 thc cht l bi ton 2
a) 12921997 = 12924. 499 +1= (12924)499 .1292 = A6.1292 = M 2
b) 33331997 = 33334. 499 +1 =(33334)499 +1 . 3333 = ( B1) 499 .3333 = D3
c) 12341997 = 12344 .499 +1 = (12344)499 . 1234 = ( C 6 )499 . 1234 = G 4
d) 12371997 = 12374 .499 +1 = (12374) 499. 1237 = (D1). 499 .1237 = X 7

4. vn dng vo cc bi ton chng minh chia ht p dng du hiu

chia ht
Ta d dng nhn thy : Nu hai s c ch s tn cng ging nhau th khi thc
hin php tr s c ch s tn cng l 0 ta s c cc bi ton chng minh chia ht
cho { 2,5,10 } . Nu mt s c tn cng l 1 v mt s c tn cng l 3 chng
hn ta s c bi ton chng minh tng hai s chia ht cho 2 (v ch s tn
cng ca tng l 4)
Cc bi ton c th : Hy chng minh
a) 12921997 + 33331997 M5
40

Theo bi ton trn ta c

12921997 = M 2
33331997 = D3
nh vy tng ca hai s ny s c tn cng l 5 12921997 + 33331997

M5

b) Chng minh 16281997 + 12921997 M10

Ap dng qui tc tm ch s tn cng ta c
16281997 s c tn cng l

M8

12921997 S C tn cng l

N2

Nh vy 16281997 + 12921997

M10

(v ch s tn cng ca tng ny s

l 0)
Ta cng c th vn dung hiu ca hai s hoc tch ca hai s ra
cc bi ton chng minh tng t
III. Kt lun : Trn y ti trnh by phn c bn ca vn tm ch s
tn cng ca mt lu tha v nhng ng dng ca n trong bi ton chng minh
chia ht trong tp hp s t nhin
Trong nhng nm hc qua ti trc tip hng dn cho mt s hc sinh cc em t
ra rt thch th v xem nh l nhng khm ph mi ca chnh cc em vi cch
t vn nh trn cc em t ra c v c nhiu bi rt hay ...
Cch t vn cung nh trnh by ni chc s khng trnh khi phn sai
st mong cc ng nghip gp chn thnh

41

 thi -lim -pic huyn

Mn Ton Lp 7
Nm hc 2006-2007

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1. Tm gi tr n nguyn dng:
a)

1 n
.16 = 2n ;
8

b) 27 < 3n < 243

42

Bi 2. Thc hin php tnh:

(

1
1
1
1 1 3 5 7 ... 49
+
+
+ ... +
)
4.9 9.14 14.19
44.49
89

Bi 3. a) Tm x bit:

2 x +3 = x +2

b) Tm gi tr nh nht ca A = x 2006 + 2007 x Khi x thay i

Bi 4. Hin nay hai kim ng h ch 10 gi. Sau t nht bao lu th 2 kim
ng h nm i din nhau trn mt ng thng.
Bi 5. Cho tam gic vung ABC ( A = 1v), ng cao AH, trung tuyn AM. Trn tia
i tia MA ly im D sao cho DM = MA. Trn tia i tia CD ly im I sao cho
CI = CA, qua I v ng thng song song vi AC ct ng thng AH ti E. Chng
minh: AE = BC

p n ton 7
Bi 1. Tm gi tr n nguyn dng: (4 im mi cu 2 im)
a)

1 n
.16 = 2n ;
8

=> 24n-3 = 2n => 4n 3 = n => n = 1

b) 27 < 3n < 243 => 33 < 3n < 35 => n = 4

Bi 2. Thc hin php tnh:
(

(4 im)

1
1
1
1 1 3 5 7 ... 49
+
+
+ ... +
)
4.9 9.14 14.19
44.49
89

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1
1 2 (1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + 49)
( + + + ... +
).
5 4 9 9 14 14 19
44 49
12

1 1 1 2 (12.50 + 25)
5.9.7.89
9
( ).
=
=
5 4 49
89
5.4.7.7.89
28

Bi 3. (4 im mi cu 2 im)
43

a) Tm x bit:

2 x +3 = x +2

Ta c: x + 2 0 => x - 2.
+ Nu x -

3
2

th

+ Nu - 2 x < -

2 x +3 = x +2

3
2

Th

=> 2x + 3 = x + 2 => x = - 1 (Tho mn)

2 x +3 = x +2

=> - 2x - 3 = x + 2 => x = -

5
3

(Tho

mn)
+ Nu - 2 > x Khng c gi tr ca x tho mn
b) Tm gi tr nh nht ca A = x 2006 + 2007 x Khi x thay i
+ Nu x < 2006 th: A = - x + 2006 + 2007 x = - 2x + 4013
Khi : - x > -2006 => - 2x + 4013 > 4012 + 4013 = 1 => A > 1
+ Nu 2006 x 2007 th: A = x 2006 + 2007 x = 1
+ Nu x > 2007 th A = x - 2006 - 2007 + x = 2x 4013
Do x > 2007 => 2x 4013 > 4014 4013 = 1 => A > 1.
Vy A t gi tr nh nht l 1 khi 2006 x 2007
Bi 4. Hin nay hai kim ng h ch 10 gi. Sau t nht bao lu th 2 kim
ng h nm i din nhau trn mt ng thng. (4 im mi)
Gi x, y l s vng quay ca kim pht v kim gi khi 10gi n lc 2 kim i
nhau trn mt ng thng, ta c:
xy=

1
3

(ng vi t s 12 n s 4 trn ng h)

v x : y = 12 (Do kim pht quay nhanh gp 12 ln kim gi)

Do :
=> x =

x 12
x
y x y 1
1
=
=>
= =
= : 11 =
y
1
12 1
11
3
33

12
4
( vng) => x =
33
11

(gi)

Vy thi gian t nht 2 kim ng h t khi 10 gi n lc nm i din

nhau trn mt ng thng l

4
11

gi

44

Bi 5. Cho tam gic vung ABC ( A = 1v), ng cao AH, trung tuyn AM. Trn tia
i tia MA ly im D sao cho DM = MA. Trn tia i tia CD ly im I sao cho
CI = CA, qua I v ng thng song song vi AC ct ng thng AH ti E. Chng
minh: AE = BC (4 im mi)
ng thng AB ct EI ti F
E

ABM = DCM v:

AM = DM (gt), MB = MC (gt),

AMB = DMC () => BAM = CDM

I

=>FB // ID => ID AC
V FAI = CIA (so le trong)

(1)
B

IE // AC (gt) => FIA = CAI (so le trong)

(2)
T (1) v (2) => CAI = FIA

(AI

chung)
=> IC = AC = AF
(3)
v

E FA = 1v

(4)
Mt khc EAF = BAH (),
BAH = ACB ( cng ph ABC)
=> EAF = ACB
(5)
T (3), (4) v (5) => AFE = CAB
=>AE = BC
BI TP V CC I LNG T L

45

1. Ba n v kinh doanh gp vn theo t l 2 : 3 : 5. Hi mi n v c chia

bao nhiu tin nu tng s tin li l 350 000 000 v tin li c chia theo
t l thun vi s vn ng gp.
2. Hai nn nh hnh ch nht c chiu di bng nhau. Nn nh th nht c
chiu rng l 4 mt, nn nh th hai c chiu rng l 3,5 mt. lt ht nn
nh th nhtngi ta dng 600 vin gch hoa hnh vung. Hi phi dng bao
nhiu vin gch cng loi lt ht nn nh th hai?
3. Khi tng kt cui nm hc ngi ta thy s hc sinh gii ca trng phn b
cc khi 6,7,8,9theo t l 1,5 : 1,1 : 1,3 : 1,2. Hi s hc sinh gii ca mi
khi lp, bit rng khi 8 nhiu hn khi 9 l 3 hc sinh gii.
4. Ba i my san t lm 3 khi lng cng vic nh nhau. i th nht, th
hai, th ba hon thnh cng vic ln lt trong 4 ngy, 6 ngy, 8 ngy. Hi
mi i c my my, bit rng i th nht c nhiu hn i th hai l 2 my
v nng sut cc my nh nhau.
5. Vi thi gian mt ngi th lnh ngh lm c 11 sn phm th ngi th
hc ngh ch lm c 7 sn phm. Hi ngi th hc vic phi dng bao
nhiu thi gian hon thnh mt khi lng cng vic m ngi th lnh
ngh lm trong 56 gi?
6. Mt vt chuyn ng trn cc cnh ca mt hnh vung. Trn hai cnh u
vt chuyn ng vi vn tc 5m/s, trn cnh th ba vi vn tc 4m/s, trn
cnh th t vi vn tc 3m/s. Hi di ca cnh hnh vung bit rng tng
s thi gian vt chuyn ng trn 4 cnh l 59s.
BI TP HNH HC
1. Cho 2 gc xOz v yOz k b. Ot v Ot ln lt l phn gic ca hai gc
xOy v yOz t im M bt k trn Ot h MH Ox ( H Ox ). Trn tia Oz ly
im N sao cho ON = MH. ng vung gc k t N ct tia Ot ti K. Tnh s
o gc KM^O ?
2. Cho tam gic ABC c B^ = 300 , C^ = 200.ng trung trc ca AC ct BC ti
E ct BA ti F.Chng minh rng : FA = FE.
3. Cho tam gic ABC tia phn gic ca gc B v gc C ct nhau ti O. Qua O
k ng thng song song vi BC ct AB D v AC E. Chng minh rng :
DE = BD + EC.
4. Cho tam gic ABD c B = 2 D . K AH vung gc vi BD (H BD ) trn tia
i ca tia BA ly BE = BH, ng thng EH ct AD ti F. Chng minh rng :
FH = FA = FD.
5. Cho tam gic cn ABC (AB = AC) trn tia i ca tia CA ly im D bt k .
a) Chng minh rng : ABD = 2 CBD + CDB .
b) Gi s A = 300, ABD = 900, hy tnh gc CBD.
MT S BI TON KH
46

1. Tm x, y, bit :
a) (x 1)2 + (y + 2)2 = 0
b) x +2005 + y +1 = 0
2. Trong mt cuc chy ua tip sc 4 100m ( Mi i tham gia gm 4 vn ng
vin, mi VV chy xong 100m s truyn gy tip sc cho VV tip theo. Tng
s thi gian chy ca 4 VV l thnh tch ca c i, thi gian chy ca i no
cng t th thnh tch cng cao ). Gi s i tuyn gm : ch, mo, g, vt c
vn tc t l vi 10, 8, 4, 1. Hi thi gian chy ca i tuyn l ? giy. Bit rng
vt chy ht 80 giy?
x

3. Tm cc s nguyn x, y tha mn : 8 y

3
8

s 31:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1 (3):
1, Tnh:

1
1
1
+

2003 2004 2005

P= 5
5
5
+

2003 2004 2005

2
2
2
+

2002 2003 2004

3
3
3
+

2002 2003 2004

2, Bit: 13 + 23 + . . . . . . .+ 103 = 3025.

Tnh: S = 23 + 43 + 63 + . . . .+ 203
x 3 3 x 2 + 0, 25 xy 2 4
x2 + y
1
Tnh gi tr ca A bit x = ; y l s nguyn m ln nht.
2

3, Cho: A =

Bi 2 (1):
Tm x bit:
3x + 3x + 1 + 3x + 2 = 117
Bi 3 (1):
Mt con th chy trn mt con ng m hai phn ba con ng bng qua
ng c v on ng cn li i qua m ly. Thi gian con th chy trn ng c
bng na thi gian chy qua m ly.
Hi vn tc ca con th trn on ng no ln hn ? Tnh t s vn tc ca
con th trn hai on ng ?
47

Bi 4 (2):
Cho ABC nhn. V v pha ngoi ABC cc u ABD v ACE. Gi M l
giao im ca BE v CD. Chng minh rng:
1, ABE = ADC

2, BMC
= 1200
Bi 5 (3):
Cho ba im B, H, C thng hng, BC = 13 cm, BH = 4 cm, HC = 9 cm. T H
v tia Hx vung gc vi ng thng BC. Ly A thuc tia Hx sao cho HA = 6 cm.
1, ABC l g ? Chng minh iu .
2, Trn tia HC ly im D sao cho HD = HA. T D v ng thng song song
vi AH ct AC ti E.
Chng minh: AE = AB

s 32
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1 (4):
Cho cc a thc:
A(x) = 2x5 4x3 + x2 2x + 2
B(x) = x5 2x4 + x2 5x + 3
C(x) = x4 + 4x3 + 3x2 8x + 4

3
16

1, Tnh M(x) = A(x) 2B(x) + C(x)

2, Tnh gi tr ca M(x) khi x = 0, 25
3, C gi tr no ca x M(x) = 0 khng ?
Bi 2 (4):
1, Tm ba s a, b, c bit:
3a = 2b; 5b = 7c v 3a + 5b 7c = 60
2, Tm x bit:
2x 3 x = 2 x

Bi 3 (4):
Tm gi tr nguyn ca m v n biu thc
1, P =

2
c gi tr ln nht
6m

48

8n
c gi tr nguyn nh nht
n3

2, Q =

Bi 4 (5):
Cho tam gic ABC c AB < AC; AB = c, AC = b. Qua M l trung im ca BC k
ng vung gc vi ng phn gic trong ca gc A, ct cc ng thng AB, AC ln
lt ti D, E.
1, Chng minh BD = CE.
2, Tnh AD v BD theo b, c
Bi 5 (3):

Cho ABC cn ti A, BAC

= 1000 . D l im thuc min trong ca ABC sao cho

DBC
= 100 , DCB
= 200 .
Tnh gc ADB ?

s 33:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1 (3): Tnh:
1 3
1 1
1, 6. 3. + 1 1
3 3

2, (63 + 3. 62 + 33) : 13
3,

9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1

10 90 72 56 42 30 20 12 6 2

Bi 2 (3):
1, Cho

a b c
= = v a + b + c 0; a = 2005.
b c a

Tnh b, c.
2, Chng minh rng t h thc
a c
=
b d

a+b c+d
=
ta c h thc:
ab cd

Bi 3 (4):
di ba cnh ca tam gic t l vi 2; 3; 4. Ba chiu cao tng ng vi ba cnh
t l vi ba s no ?
49

Bi 4 (3):
V th hm s:
2 x ; x 0
x ; x < 0

y=

Bi 5 (3):
Chng t rng:
A = 75. (42004 + 42003 + . . . . . + 42 + 4 + 1) + 25 l s chia ht cho 100
Bi 6 (4):
Cho tam gic ABC c gc A = 60 0. Tia phn gic ca gc B ct AC ti D, tia phn
gic ca gc C ct AB ti E. Cc tia phn gic ct nhau ti I.
Chng minh: ID = IE

50

 s 34:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1 (5):
1, Tm n N bit (33 : 9)3n = 729
2, Tnh :
2

A=

4
2

9
2

1 2 3

0, ( 4) + 3 5 7
2 4 6

3 5 7

Bi 2 (3):
Cho a,b,c R v a,b,c 0 tho mn b2 = ac. Chng minh rng:
a
c

( a + 2007b) 2
(b + 2007c) 2

Bi 3 (4):
Ba i cng nhn lm 3 cng vic c khi lng nh nhau. Thi gian hon thnh
cng vic ca i , , ln lt l 3, 5, 6 ngy. Bit i nhiu hn i l 2 ngi
v nng sut ca mi cng nhn l bng nhau. Hi mi i c bao nhiu cng nhn ?
Cu 4 (6):
Cho ABC nhn. V v pha ngoi ABC cc u ABD v ACE.
1, Chng minh: BE = DC.
2, Gi H l giao im ca BE v CD. Tnh s o gc BHC.
Bi 5 (2):
Cho m, n N v p l s nguyn t tho mn:
Chng minh rng : p2 = n + 2.

p
m 1

m +n
p

s 35:
51

 thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a, Cho

4
A = (0,8.7 + 0.82 ).(1,25.7 .1,25) + 31,64
5
(11,81 + 8,19).0,02
B=
9 : 11,25

Trong hai s A v B s no ln hn v ln hn bao nhiu ln ?

b) S A = 101998 4 c chia ht cho 3 khng ? C chia ht cho 9 khng ?
Cu 2: (2 im)
Trn qung ng AB di 31,5 km. An i t A n B, Bnh i t B n A.
Vn tc An so vi Bnh l 2: 3. n lc gp nhau, thi gian An i so vi Bnh i
l 3: 4.
Tnh qung ng mi ngi i ti lc gp nhau ?
Cu 3:
a) Cho f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c vi a, b, c l cc s hu t.
Chng t rng: f (2). f (3) 0 . Bit rng 13a + b + 2c = 0
b) Tm gi tr nguyn ca x biu thc

A=

2
6x

c gi tr ln nht.

Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho ABC dng tam gic vung cn BAE; BAE = 90 0, B v E nm hai
na mt phng khc nhau b AC. Dng tam gic vung cn FAC, FAC = 90 0. F
v C nm hai na mt phng khc nhau b AB.
a) Chng minh rng: ABF = ACE
b) FB EC.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Tm ch s tn cng ca
A = 19

89

51

+2

96

91

52

 s 36:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht

Cu 1: (2 im)
3 3

0,375 0,3 + +
1,5 + 1 0,75

11 12 : 1890 + 115
+
a) Tnh A =
2,5 + 5 1,25 0,625 + 0,5 5 5 2005

3
11 12

1 1 1 1
1
1
b) Cho B = + 2 + 3 + 4 + ... + 2004 + 2005
3 3 3 3
3
3

Chng minh rng

B<

1
.
2

Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Chng minh rng nu

a
c
=
b d

th

(gi thit cc t s u c ngha).

b) Tm x bit:

5a + 3b 5c + 3d
=
5a 3b 5c 3d

x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4
+

=
2004 2003 2002 2001

Cu 3: (2im)
a) Cho a thc f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c vi a, b, c l cc s thc. Bit rng f(0); f(1);
f(2) c gi tr nguyn.
Chng minh rng 2a, 2b c gi tr nguyn.
b) di 3 cnh ca tam gic t l vi 2; 3; 4. Ba ng cao tng ng vi ba
cnh t l vi ba s no ?
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic cn ABC (AB = AC0. Trn cnh BC ly im D, trn tia i
ca tia CB ly im E sao cho BD = CE. Cc ng thng vung gc vi BC k t
D v E ct AB, AC ln lt M, N. Chng minh rng:
a) DM = EN
b) ng thng BC ct MN ti trung im I ca MN.
c) ng thng vung gc vi MN ti I lun i qua mt im c nh khi D
thay i trn cnh BC.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Tm s t nhin n phn s

7n 8
2n 3

c gi tr ln nht.

53

 s 37:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht

Cu 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh:
A=

3 3 11 11

0,75 0,6 + + : + + 2,75 2,2

7 13 7 13

B=

10 1,21 22 0,25 5

:
+

49 +
7
3

b) Tm cc gi tr ca x :

225

x +3 + x +1 =3 x

Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Cho a, b, c > 0 . Chng t rng:

M =

a
b
c
+
+
a+b b+c c+a

khng l s nguyn.

b) Cho a, b, c tho mn: a + b + c = 0. Chng minh rng: ab + bc + ca 0 .

Cu 3: (2 im)
a) Tm hai s dng khc nhau x, y bit rng tng, hiu v tch ca chng
ln lt t l nghch vi 35; 210 v 12.
b) Vn tc ca my bay, t v tu ho t l vi cc s 10; 2 v 1. Thi
gian my bay bay t A n B t hn thi gian t chy t A n B l 16 gi.
Hi tu ho chy t A n B mt bao lu ?
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho cnh hnh vung ABCD c di l 1. Trn cc cnh AB, AD ly cc
im P, Q sao cho chu vi APQ bng 2.
Chng minh rng gc PCQ bng 450.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Chng minh rng:

1 1
1
1
9
+ +
+ ... +
<
5 15 25
1985 20

54

 s 38:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Chng minh rng vi mi s n nguyn dng u c:
A= 5n (5n + 1) 6n (3n + 2) M 91
b) Tm tt c cc s nguyn t P sao cho P 2 + 14 l s nguyn t.
Bi 2: ( 2 im)
a) Tm s nguyn n sao cho
b) Bit

n 2 + 3 M n 1

bz cy cx az ay bx
=
=
a
b
c

Chng minh rng:

a
b
c
= =
x
y
z

Bi 3: (2 im)
An v Bch c mt s bu nh, s bu nh ca mi ngi cha n 100. S bu
nh hoa ca An bng s bu nh th rng ca Bch.
+ Bch ni vi An. Nu ti cho bn cc bu nh th rng ca ti th s bu nh
ca bn gp 7 ln s bu nh ca ti.
+ An tr li: cn nu ti cho bn cc bu nh hoa ca ti th s bu nh ca
ti gp bn ln s bu nh ca bn.
Tnh s bu nh ca mi ngi.
Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho ABC c gc A bng 1200 . Cc ng phn gic AD, BE, CF .
a) Chng minh rng DE l phn gic ngoi ca ADB.
b) Tnh s o gc EDF v gc BED.
Bi 5: (1 im)
Tm cc cp s nguyn t p, q tho mn:
2

52 p + 1997 = 52 p + q 2

55

 s 39:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht

Bi 1: (2 im)
Tnh:

5
5
1
3
1
10 . 230
+ 46
13 2
27
6
25
4
4
2
3 10 1
1 + : 12 14
7
10 3 3

Bi 2: (3 im)
a) Chng minh rng: A = 3638 + 4133 chia ht cho 77.
b) Tm cc s nguyn x B = x 1 + x 2
t gi tr nh nht.
3
2
c) Chng minh rng: P(x) = ax + bx + cx + d c gi tr nguyn vi mi x nguyn
khi v ch khi 6a, 2b, a + b + c v d l s nguyn.
Bi 3: (2 im)
a) Cho t l thc
ab a 2 b 2
=
cd c 2 d 2

a
c
=
b d

. Chng minh rng:

2

a2 + b2
a +b

= 2
c + d2
c +d

b) Tm tt c cc s nguyn dng n sao cho: 2 n 1 chia ht cho 7.

Bi 4: (2 im)
Cho cnh hnh vung ABCD c di l 1. Trn cc cnh AB, AD ly cc
im P, Q sao cho chu vi APQ bng 2. Chng minh rng gc PCQ bng 450.
Bi 5: (1 im)
Chng minh rng:

3a + 2b M17 10a + b M17

(a, b Z )

56

 s 40:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tm s nguyn dng a ln nht sao cho 2004! chia ht cho 7a.
b) Tnh

1 1 1
1
+ + + ... +
2 3 4
2005
P=
2004 2003 2002
1
+
+
+ ... +
1
2
3
2004

Bi 2: (2 im)
Cho

x
y
z
t
=
=
=
y + z +t z +t + x t + x + y x + y + z

chng minh rng biu thc sau c gi tr nguyn.

P=

x + y y + z z +t
t+x
+
+
+
z +t
t+x x+y y+z

Bi 3: (2 im)
Hai xe my khi hnh cng mt lc t A v B, cch nhau 11 km i n
C. Vn tc ca ngi i t A l 20 km/h. Vn tc ca ngi i t B l 24 km/h.
Tnh qung ng mi ngi i. Bit h n C cng mt lc v A, B, C
thng hng.
Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic nhn ABC. K AH BC (H BC). V AE AB v AE = AB (E
v C khc pha i vi AC). K EM v FN cng vung gc vi ng thng AH (M,
N AH). EF ct AH O.
Chng minh rng O l trung im ca EF.
Bi 5: (1 im)
So snh: 5255 v 2579

57

 s 41:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
Tnh :

1 1
1

+
A = 6 39 51
1 1
1

+
8 52 68

B = 512

512 512 512

512
2 3 ... 10
2
2
2
2

Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Tm x, y nguyn bit: xy + 3x - y = 6
b) Tm x, y, z bit:

x
y
z
=
=
=x+y+z
z + y +1 x + z +1 x + y 2

(x, y, z 0 )

Cu 3: (2 im)
a) Chng minh rng: Vi n nguyn dng ta c:
S = 3n + 2 2n + 2 + 3n 2n chia ht cho 10.
b) Tm s t nhin x, y bit: 7( x 2004) 2 = 23 y 2
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, AK l trung tuyn. Trn na mt phng khng cha B,
b l AC, k tia Ax vung gc vi AC; trn tia Ax ly im M sao cho AM = AC.
Trn na mt phng khng cha C, b l AB, k tia Ay vung gc vi AB v ly
im N thuc Ay sao cho AN = AB. Ly im P trn tia AK sao cho AK = KP.
Chng minh:
a) AC // BP.
b) AK MN.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Cho a, b, c l s o 3 cnh ca mt tam gic vung vi c l s o cnh
huyn. Chng minh rng:
a 2 n + b 2 n c 2 n ; n l s t nhin ln hn 0.

58

 s 42:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
Tnh:
3 1
16 1
8 . 5 +3 . 5
19 4 : 7
A= 9 4
1
14
24
2
2
. 34
34
17
1 1 1
1
1
1
1
B=

3 8 54 108 180 270 378

Cu 2: ( 2, 5 im)
1) Tm s nguyn m :
a) Gi tr ca biu thc m -1 chia ht cho gi tr ca biu thc 2m +
1.
b) 3m 1 <3
2) Chng minh rng: 3n + 2 2n + 4 + 3n + 2n chia ht cho 30 vi mi n nguyn dng.
Cu 3: (2 im)
a) Tm x, y, z bit:
x
y
y
z
= ;
=
2
3
4 5
2
f ( x) = ax + bx + c . Bit

x 2 y 2 = 16

b) Cho
f(0), f(1), f(2) u l cc s nguyn.
Chng minh f(x) lun nhn gi tr nguyn vi mi x nguyn.
Cu 4: (2,5 im)
Cho tam gic ABC c ba gc nhn, ng cao AH. min ngoi ca tam
gic ABC ta v cc tam gic vung cn ABE v ACF u nhn A lm nh gc
vung. K EM, FN cng vung gc vi AH (M, N thuc AH).
a) Chng minh: EM + HC = NH.
b) Chng minh: EN // FM.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Cho 2 n + 1 l s nguyn t (n > 2). Chng minh 2 n 1 l hp s.

59

 s 43:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im) Tnh nhanh:
1 1 1 1
(1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 99 + 100) (63.1,2 21.3,6)
2 3 7 9
A=
1 2 + 3 4 + ... + 99 100
1
2 3 2
4

14 7 + 35 . ( 15 )

B=
1
3 2
2

5
10 + 25 5 . 7

Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc A = 3x 2 2 x + 1 vi
b) Tm x nguyn

x +1

chia ht cho

x =

1
2

x 3

Cu 3: ( 2 im)
a) Tm x, y, z bit

3x 3 y
3z
=
=
8
64 216

2x2 + 2 y 2 z 2 = 1

b) Mt t phi i t A n B trong thi gian d nh. Sau khi i c na

qung ng t tng vn tc ln 20 % do n B sm hn d nh 15 pht.
Tnh thi gian t i t A n B.
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, trung tuyn AM. Trn na mt phng cha nh C b
l ng thng AB dng on AE vung gc vi AB v AE = AB. Trn na mt
phng cha nh B b l ng thng AC dng on AF vung gc vi AC v
AF = AC. Chng minh rng:
a) FB = EC
b) EF = 2 AM
c) AM EF.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Chng t rng:

1 1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
+ + ... +

=
+
+ ... +
+
2 3 4
99 200 101 102
199 200

60

 s 44:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
a)
b)

2 2
1
1
+
0,25 +
9 11 3
5
Thc hin php tnh: M =
7 7
1
1,4 +
1 0,875 + 0,7
9 11
6
1
1 1 1
1 1
Tnh tng: P = 1 10 15 3 28 6 21
0,4

Cu 2: (2 im)
1) Tm x bit: 2 x +3 2 4 x =5
2) Trn qung ng Kp - Bc giang di 16,9 km, ngi th nht i t Kp
n Bc Giang, ngi th hai i t Bc Giang n Kp. Vn tc ngi th nht
so vi ngi th hai bng 3: 4. n lc gp nhau vn tc ngi th nht i so vi
ngi th hai i l 2: 5.
Hi khi gp nhau th h cch Bc Giang bao nhiu km ?
Cu 3: (2 im)
a) Cho a thc f ( x) = ax 2 + bx + c (a, b, c nguyn).
CMR nu f(x) chia ht cho 3 vi mi gi tr ca x th a, b, c
u chia ht cho 3.
b) CMR: nu

a
c
=
b d

ngha).

th

7 a 2 + 5ac 7b 2 + 5bd
=
7 a 2 5ac 7b 2 5bd

(Gi s cc t s u c

Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC c AB < AC. Gi M l trung im ca BC, t M k ng
thng vung gc vi tia phn gic ca gc A, ct tia ny ti N, ct tia AB ti E v
ct tia AC ti F. Chng minh rng:
a) AE = AF
b) BE = CF
c)

AE =

AB + AC
2

Cu 5: (1 im)
i vn ngh khi 7 gm 10 bn trong c 4 bn nam, 6 bn n. cho
mng ngy 30/4 cn 1 tit mc vn ngh c 2 bn nam, 2 bn n tham gia.
Hi c nhiu nht bao nhiu cch la chn c 4 bn nh trn tham gia.
61

 s 45:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc:
11 3

1 2
1 31 . 4 7 15 6 3 . 19 14 31

. 1
A=

.
5 1
1
93 50

4 6 + 6 12 5 3

1
1 1
1
1
>
b) Chng t rng: B = 1 2 2 2 ...
2
2
3 3
2004
2004

Cu 2: (2 im)
Cho phn s:

C =

3 x +2
4 x 5

(x Z)

a) Tm x Z C t gi tr ln nht, tm gi tr ln nht .
b) Tm x Z C l s t nhin.
Cu 3: (2 im)
Cho

a
c
=
b d

. Chng minh rng:

ab (a + b) 2
=
cd (c + d ) 2

Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic vung cn ABC (AB = AC), tia phn gic ca cc gc B v C
ct AC v AB ln lt ti E v D.
a) Chng minh rng: BE = CD; AD = AE.
b) Gi I l giao im ca BE v CD. AI ct BC M, chng minh rng cc
MAB; MAC l tam gic vung cn.
c) T A v D v cc ng thng vung gc vi BE, cc ng thng ny ct
BC ln lt K v H. Chng minh rng KH = KC.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Tm s nguyn t p sao cho:
3 p 2 +1 ; 24 p 2 +1 l cc s nguyn t.

62

 s 46:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1: (2 im)
a) Thc hin php tnh:
3 3
+
7 13
A=
11 11 ;
2,75 2,2 + +
7
3
B = ( 251.3 + 281) + 3.251 (1 281)
0,75 0,6 +

b) Tm cc s nguyn t x, y sao cho: 51x + 26y = 2000.

Cu 2: ( 2 im)
a) Chng minh rng: 2a - 5b + 6c M 17 nu a - 11b + 3c M 17 (a, b, c
Z).
b) Bit

bz cy cx az ay bx
=
=
a
b
c

Chng minh rng:

a
b
c
= =
x
y
z

Cu 3: ( 2 im)
By gi l 4 gi 10 pht. Hi sau t nht bao lu th hai kim ng h nm
i din nhau trn mt ng thng.
Cu 4: (2 im)
Cho ABC vung cn ti A. Gi D l im trn cnh AC, BI l phn gic
ca ABD, ng cao IM ca BID ct ng vung gc vi AC k t C ti N.
Tnh gc IBN ?
Cu 5: (2 im)
S 2100 vit trong h thp phn to thnh mt s. Hi s c bao nhiu
ch s ?

63

 s 47:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc
5
3 3

2,5 + 1,25
0,375 0,3 + +
3
11 12 .

P = 2005 :
0,625 + 0,5 5 5 1,5 + 1 0,75

11 12

b) Chng minh rng:

3
5
7
19
+ 2 2 + 2 2 + ... + 2 2 < 1
2
1 .2
2 .3
3 .4
9 .10
2

Cu 2: (2 im)
a) Chng minh rng vi mi s nguyn dng n th:
3n + 3 + 3n +1 + 2n + 3 + 2n + 2 chia ht cho 6.
b) Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
D = 2004 x + 2003 x

Cu 3: (2 im)
Mt t phi i t A n B trong thi gian d nh. Sau khi i c na
qung ng t tng vn tc ln 20 % do n B sm hn d nh 10 pht.
Tnh thi gian t i t A n B.
Cu 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, M l trung im ca BC. Trn na mt phng khng
cha C c b AB, v tia Ax vung gc vi AB, trn tia ly im D sao cho AD
= AB. Trn na mt phng khng cha B c b AC v tia Ay vung gc vi AC.
Trn tia ly im E sao cho AE = AC. Chng minh rng:
a) DE = 2 AM
b) AM DE.
Cu 5: (1 im)
Cho n s x1, x2, , xn mi s nhn gi tr 1 hoc -1. Chng minh rng nu
x1. x2 + x2. x3 + + xn x1 = 0 th n chia ht cho 4.

64

 s 48:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc:
2

4
3

81,624 : 4 4,505 + 125

3
4

A=
2
2
11

2 13
: 0,88 + 3,53 (2,75) :
25
25

b) Chng minh rng tng:

S=

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4 + 6 ... + 4 n 2 4 n + .... + 2002 2004 < 0,2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

Bi 2: (2 im)
a) Tm cc s nguyn x tho mn.
2005 = x 4 + x 10 + x +101 + x +990 + x +1000

b) Cho p > 3. Chng minh rng nu cc s p, p + d , p + 2d l cc s nguyn

t th d chia ht cho 6.
Bi 3: (2 im)
a) lm xong mt cng vic, mt s cng nhn cn lm trong mt s
ngy. Mt bn hc sinh lp lun rng nu s cng nhn tng thm 1/3 th thi
gian s gim i 1/3. iu ng hay sai ? v sao ?
b) Cho dy t s bng nhau:
Tnh

2a + b + c + d a + 2b + c + d a + b + 2c + d a + b + c + 2d
=
=
=
a
b
c
d
a+b b+c c+d d +a
M =
+
+
+
c+d d +a a+b b+c

Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic nhn ABC, AB > AC phn gic BD v CE ct nhau ti I.
a) Tnh cc gc ca DIE nu gc A = 600.
b) Gi giao im ca BD v CE vi ng cao AH ca ABC ln lt l M v
N. Chng minh BM > MN + NC.
Bi 5: (1 im)
Cho z, y, z l cc s dng.
Chng minh rng:

x
y
z
3
+
+

2x + y + z 2 y + z + x 2z + x + y 4

65

 s 49:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tm x bit: x + 6 x 2 = x +4
b) Tm tng cc h s ca a thc nhn c sau khi b du ngoc trong
biu thc: A(x) = (3 4 x + x 2 ) 2004 . (3 + 4 x + x 2 ) 2005
2

Bi 2: (2 im)
Ba ng cao ca tam gic ABC c di bng 4; 12; x bit rng x l mt
s t nhin. Tm x ?
Bi 3: (2 im)
Cho

x
y
z
t
=
=
=
y + z +t z +t + x t + x + y x + y + z

CMR biu thc sau c gi tr nguyn:

P=

x + y y + z z +t
t+x
+
+
+
z +t
t+x x+y y+z

Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC vung A c gc B = . Trn cnh AC ly im E sao
cho gc EBA=

1
.
3

Trn tia i ca tia EB ly im D sao cho ED = BC.

Chng minh tam gic CED l tam gic cn.

Bi 5: (1 im)
Tm cc s a, b, c nguyn dng tho mn :
a 3 + 3a 2 + 5 = 5b v a + 3 = 5c

66

 s 40:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (2 im)
a) Tnh A = 3 32 + 33 34 + ... + 32003 32004
b) Tm x bit x 1 + x +3 = 4
Bi 2: (2 im)
Chng minh rng:
Nu
Th

x
y
z
=
=
a + 2b + c 2a + b c 4a 4b + c

a
b
c
=
=
x + 2 y + z 2x + y z 4x 4 y + z

Bi 3: (2 im)
Hai xe my khi hnh cng mt lc t A v B, cch nhau 11km i n
C (ba a im A, B, C cng trn mt ng thng). Vn tc ca ngi i t A
l 20 km/h. Vn tc ca ngi i t B l 24 km/h.
Tnh qung ng mi ngi i. Bit h n C cng mt lc.
Bi 4: (3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC c gc A khc 90 0, gc B v C nhn, ng cao AH. V
cc im D, E sao cho AB l trung trc ca HD, AC l trung trc ca HE. Gi I, K
ln lt l giao im ca DE vi AB v AC.
Tnh s o cc gc AIC v AKB ?
Bi 5: (1 im)
Cho x = 2005. Tnh gi tr ca biu thc:
x 2005 2006 x 2004 + 2006 x 2003 2006 x 2002 + .... 2006 x 2 + 2006 x 1

s 50:
67

 thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1 . ( 2) Cho:

a
b
c
= =
b
c
d

Chng minh:

a
a +b +c

=
b
+
c
+
d
d

Cu 2. (1). Tm A bit rng:

a
c
b
=
=
.
b +c a +b c +a
Cu 3. (2). Tm x Z
x +3
a). A = x 2 .

A=

Cu 4. (2). Tm x:

A Z v tm gi tr .
b). A =

1 2x
x +3

a) x 3 = 5 .
b). ( x+ 2) 2 = 81.
c). 5 x + 5 x+ 2 = 650
Cu 5. (3). Cho ABC vung cn ti A, trung tuyn AM . E BC,
BH,CK AE, (H,K AE). Chng minh MHK vung cn.
thi hc sinh gii ton lp 7

Cu 1: (2)
Rt gn A=

x x2
x + 8 x 20
2

Cu 2 (2)
Ba lp 7A,7B,7C c 94 hc sinh tham gia trng cy. Mi hc sinh lp 7A trng c
3 cy, Mi hc sinh lp 7B trng c 4 cy, Mi hc sinh lp 7C trng c 5 cy,.
Hi mi lp c bao nhiu hc sinh. Bit rng s cy mi lp trng c u nh
nhau.
Cu 3: (1,5)
Chng minh rng

102006 + 53
l mt s t nhin.
9

Cu 4 : (3)
Cho gc xAy = 600 v tia phn gic Az ca gc . T mt im B trn Ax v ng thng song song vi vi Ay ct Az ti C. v Bh Ay,CM Ay, BK
AC.Chng minh rng .
a, K l trung im ca AC.
b,

BH =

AC
2

c, V KMC u
Cu 5 (1,5 )

68

Trong mt k thi hc sinh gii cp Huyn, bn bn Nam, Bc, Ty, ng ot 4

gii 1,2,3,4 . Bit rng mi cu trong 3 cu di y ng mt na v sai 1 na:
a, ty t gii 1, Bc t gii 2.
b, Ty t gii 2, ng t gii 3.
c, Nam t gii 2, ng t gii 4.
Em hy xc nh th t ng ca gii cho cc bn.

s 51:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: (3 im): Tnh
1
2
2 3
1

18 6 (0, 06 : 7 2 + 3 5 .0,38) : 19 2 3 .4 4

Bi 2: (4 im): Cho
a)

a2 + c2 a
=
b2 + c 2 b

a c
= chng minh rng:
c b
b2 a 2 b a
b) 2 2 =
a +c
a

Bi 3:(4 im) Tm x bit:

1
5

a) x + 4 = 2

b)

15
3 6
1
x+ = x
12
7 5
2

Bi 4: (3 im) Mt vt chuyn ng trn cc cnh hnh vung. Trn hai cnh u vt

chuyn ng vi vn tc 5m/s, trn cnh th ba vi vn tc 4m/s, trn cnh th t vi vn
tc 3m/s. Hi di cnh hnh vung bit rng tng thi gian vt chuyn ng trn bn
cnh l 59 giy
= 200 , v tam gic u DBC (D nm
Bi 5: (4 im) Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c A
trong tam gic ABC). Tia phn gic ca gc ABD ct AC ti M. Chng minh:
g) Tia AD l phn gic ca gc BAC
h) AM = BC

Bi 6: (2 im): Tm x, y bit: 25 y 2 = 8( x 2009)2

---------------------------------------------------------

69

P N THI
Bi 1: 3 im
1
2
2 3
1

18 6 (0, 06 : 7 2 + 3 5 .0,38) : 19 2 3 .4 4 =
6 15 17 38
8 19
109
= ( : + . ) : 19 . 0.5
100 2 5 100
3 4
6
109 3 2 17 19
38
= . + . : 19
1
3
6 50 15 5 50
109

323 19

+
=
:
6 250 250 3
2

0.5

109 13 3
. =
6 10 19
506 3 253
. =
=
30 19 95

0.5
0.5

Bi 2:
a) T

a c
= suy ra c 2 = a.b
c b
a 2 + c 2 a 2 + a.b
khi 2 2 = 2
b +c
b + a.b
a ( a + b) a
= b( a + b ) = b

0.5
0.5
0.5

a2 + c2 a
b2 + c2 b
=

=
b2 + c2 b
a2 + c2 a
b2 + c 2 b
b2 + c2
b
t 2 2 = 2 2 1 = 1
a +c
a
a +c
a
2
2
2
2
b +c a c
ba
=
hay
2
2
a +c
a
2
2
b a
ba
vy 2 2 =
a +c
a

b) Theo cu a) ta c:

0.5
1
0.5
0.5

Bi 3:
a)

x+

1
4 = 2
5

1
= 2 + 4
0.5
5
1
1
1
x + = 2 x + = 2 hoc x + = 2
5
5
5
x+

1
70

1
1
9
hay x =
5
5
5
1
1
11
Vi x + = 2 x = 2 hay x =
5
5
5

Vi x + = 2 x = 2

0.25
0.25

b)
15
3 6
1
x+ = x
12
7 5
2
6
5
3 1
x+ x = +
5
4
7 2
6 5
13
( + )x =
5 4
14
49
13
x=
20
14
130
x=
343

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

Bi 4:
Cng mt on ng, cn tc v thi gian l hai i lng t l nghch
0.5
Gi x, y, z l thi gian chuyn ng ln lt vi cc vn tc 5m/s ; 4m/s ; 3m/s
5.x = 4. y = 3.z v x + x + y + z = 59
Ta c:
1
x y z x + x + y + z 59
= = =
=
= 60
hay: 1 1 1 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 59
5 4 3 5 5 4 3 60

0.5

Do :
1
x = 60. = 12 ;
5

1
x = 60. = 15 ;
4

1
x = 60. = 20
3

0.5

Vy cnh hnh vung l: 5.12 = 60 (m)

0.5

Bi 5:
-V hnh, ghi GT, KL ng
0.5
a) Chng minh ADB = ADC (c.c.c)
1

suy ra DAB = DAC

Do DAB
= 200 : 2 = 100
b) ABC cn ti A, m A = 200 (gt) nn

20 0

ABC = (1800 200 ) : 2 = 800

ABC u nn DBC
= 600

Tia BD nm gia hai tia BA v BC suy ra

ABD = 800 600 = 200 . Tia BM l phn gic ca gc ABD
nn ABM = 100

71

Xt tam gic ABM v BAD c:

= ABD = 200 ; ABM = DAB

= 100
AB cnh chung ; BAM
Vy: ABM = BAD (g.c.g) suy ra AM = BD, m BD = BC (gt) nn AM = BC
Bi 6:
25 y 2 = 8(x 2009) 2

Ta c

8(x-2009)2 = 25- y2
8(x-2009)2 + y2 =25 (*)

V y2 0 nn (x-2009)2

0.5

25
, suy ra (x-2009)2 = 0 hoc (x-2009)2 =1
8

0.5

Vi (x -2009)2 =1 thay vo (*) ta c y2 = 17 (loi)

Vi (x- 2009)2 = 0 thay vo (*) ta c y2 =25 suy ra y = 5 (do y )

0.5

T tm c

0.5

(x=2009; y=5)

s 52:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

1
1
1
1
+
+
+ ... +
Bi 1. Tnh
1.6 6.11 11.16
96.101
1 1 1
+ =
Bi 2. Tm gi tr nguyn dng ca x v y, sao cho:
x y 5
Bi 3. Tm hai s dng bit: tng, hiu v tch ca chng t l nghch vi
cc s 20, 140 v 7
Bi 4. Tm x, y tho mn: x 1 + x 2 + y 3 + x 4 = 3
Bi 5. Cho tam gic ABC c gc ABC = 50 0 ; gc BAC = 700 . Phn gic
trong gc ACB ct AB ti M. Trn MC ly im N sao cho gc MBN = 40 0.
Chng minh: BN = MC.

s 52:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1:(4 im)
a) Thc hin php tnh:

72

A=

212.35 46.92

( 2 .3) + 8 .3
6

510.73 255.49 2

( 125.7 )

+ 59.143

b) Chng minh rng : Vi mi s nguyn dng n th :

3n + 2 2n + 2 + 3n 2n chia ht cho 10
Bi 2:(4 im)
Tm x bit:
a. x

1 4
2
+ = ( 3, 2 ) +
3 5
5

b. ( x 7 )

x +1

( x 7)

x +11

=0

Bi 3: (4 im)
e) S A c chia thnh 3 s t l theo

2 3 1
: : . Bit rng tng cc bnh phng ca ba s
5 4 6

bng 24309. Tm s A.
f) Cho

a c
a2 + c2 a
= . Chng minh rng: 2 2 =
c b
b +c
b

Bi 4: (4 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, M l trung im ca BC. Trn tia i ca ca tia MA ly im E sao cho ME
= MA. Chng minh rng:
a) AC = EB v AC // BE
b) Gi I l mt im trn AC ; K l mt im trn EB sao cho AI = EK . Chng minh ba
im I , M , K thng hng

c) T E k EH BC ( H BC ) . Bit HBE
= 50o ; MEB
=25o .

Tnh HEM
v BME
Bi 5: (4 im)
= 200 , v tam gic u DBC (D nm trong tam gic ABC). Tia
Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c A
phn gic ca gc ABD ct AC ti M. Chng minh:
i) Tia AD l phn gic ca gc BAC
j) AM = BC
Ht

73

P N V HNG DN CHM MN TON 7

Bi 1:(4 im):

p n

Thang im

a) (2 im)

212.35 46.9 2

510.73 255.49 2

10

212.35 212.34 510.73 5 .7 4

A=

= 12 6 12 5 9 3 9 3 3
6
3
9
3
2
4 5
( 2 .3) + 8 .3 ( 125.7 ) + 5 .14 2 .3 + 2 .3 5 .7 + 5 .2 .7

0,5 im

212.34. ( 3 1) 510.73. ( 1 7 )
= 12 5

2 .3 . ( 3 + 1) 59.73. ( 1 + 23 )

0,5 im

212.34.2 5 .7 . ( 6 )
= 12 5
2 .3 .4
59.73.9
1 10 7
=
=
6
3
2
10

0,5 im
0,5 im

b) (2 im)
3 n + 2 - Vi mi s nguyn dng n ta c:
3n + 2 2n+ 2 + 3n 2n = 3n + 2 + 3n 2n + 2 2n
= 3n (32 + 1) 2n (2 2 + 1)
= 3n 10 2n 5 = 3n 10 2n1 10
= 10( 3n -2n)
Vy 3n + 2 2n+ 2 + 3n 2n M 10 vi mi n l s nguyn dng.

0,5 im
1 im
0,5 im

Bi 2:(4 im)

p n

Thang im

a) (2 im)

1 4
2
1 4 16 2
+ = ( 3, 2 ) + x + =
+
3 5
5
3 5
5
5

1 4 14
+ =
3 5 5

x 1 =2
1
x = 2 3
x1 =2
3
3
x=2+ 1 = 7
3 3

x=2+1 = 5
3 3

0,5 im
0,5 im

0,5 im

0,5 im

74

b) (2 im)

( x 7)

x +1

( x 7)

( x 7)

x +11

=0

1 ( x 7 ) = 0

10
( x +1)
1 ( x 7 ) = 0
( x 7)

x +1

10

0,5 im
0,5 im

x 7 x +1=0

1( x 7)10 =0

0,5 im

x 7=010 x =7
( x 7) =1 x=8

0,5 im

Bi 3: (4 im)

p n

Thang im

a) (2,5 im)
Gi a, b, c l ba s c chia ra t s A.
Theo bi ta c: a : b : c =

2 3 1
: : (1)
5 4 6

v a2 +b2 +c2 = 24309 (2)

a b c
2
3
k
= =
T (1) 2 3 1 = k a = k ; b = k ; c =
5
4
6
5 4 6
4 9 1
Do (2) k 2 ( + + ) = 24309
25 16 36
k = 180 v k = 180

+ Vi k =180, ta c: a = 72; b = 135; c = 30.

Khi ta c s A = a + b + c = 237.
+ Vi k = 180 , ta c: a = 72 ; b = 135 ; c = 30
Khi ta c s A = 72 +( 135 ) + ( 30 ) = 237 .
b) (1,5 im)
T

a c
= suy ra c 2 = a.b
c b
a 2 + c 2 a 2 + a.b
khi 2 2 = 2
b +c
b + a.b
a ( a + b) a
= b( a + b ) = b

0,5 im
0,5 im

0,5 im
0,5 im
0,5 im
0,5 im
0,5 im
0,5 im

75

Bi 4: (4 im)

p n

Thang im
0,5 im

V hnh
A

I
M

C
H

a/ (1im) Xt AMC v EMB c :

AM = EM (gt )
AMC = EMB

(i nh )
BM = MC
(gt )
Nn : AMC = EMB (c.g.c )
0,5 im
AC = EB

V AMC = EMB MAC

= MEB
(2 gc c v tr so le trong c to bi ng thng AC v EB ct ng thng AE )
Suy ra AC // BE .
0,5 im
b/ (1 im )
Xt AMI v EMK c :
AM = EM (gt )

= MEK
( v AMC = EMB )
MAI
AI = EK (gt )
Nn AMI = EMK ( c.g.c )
0,5 im Suy ra
AMI = EMK

M AMI + IME
= 180o ( tnh cht hai gc k b )

EMK
+ IME
= 180o
Ba im I;M;K thng hng
0,5 im
c/ (1,5 im )
= 90o ) c HBE

Trong tam gic vung BHE ( H

= 50o

= 90o - HBE
= 90o - 50o =40o
HBE
0,5 im
76

= HEB
- MEB
= 40o - 25o = 15o
HEM

0,5 im

l gc ngoi ti nh M ca HEM
BME

Nn BME
= HEM
+ MHE
= 15o + 90o = 105o

( nh l gc ngoi ca tam gic )

0,5 im

Bi 5: (4 im)

20 0

-V hnh
a) Chng minh ADB = ADC (c.c.c)

suy ra DAB
= DAC

Do DAB
= 200 : 2 = 100
b) ABC cn ti A, m A = 200 (gt) nn ABC = (1800 200 ) : 2 = 800

ABC u nn DBC
= 600
Tia BD nm gia hai tia BA v BC suy ra ABD = 800 600 = 200 .
Tia BM l phn gic ca gc ABD
nn ABM = 100
Xt tam gic ABM v BAD c:

AB cnh chung ; BAM

= ABD = 200 ; ABM = DAB
= 100
Vy: ABM = BAD (g.c.g)
suy ra AM = BD, m BD = BC (gt) nn AM = BC

1 im
0,5 im
0,5 im
0,5 im

0,5 im

0,5 im

Lu : Nu hc sinh lm theo cch khc ng vn t im ti a.

77

 s 53:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Cu 1 ( 2 im)
Thc hin php tnh :
a.

1 2
1
1
6. 3. +1 : ( 1
3
3
3

b.

2 3
2003
. .( 1)
3 4
2
3
2 5
.
5 12

Cu 2 ( 2 im)
a. Tm s nguyn a

a2 + a + 3
a +1

l s nguyn

b. Tm s nguyn x, y sao cho x- 2xy + y = 0

Cu 3 ( 2 im)
a. Chng minh rng nu a + c = 2b v 2bd = c(b + d) th

a
c
=
b d

vi b, d

khc 0
b. Cn bao nhiu s hng ca tng S = 1 + 2 + 3 + c mt s c ba
ch
s ging nhau .
Cu 4 ( 3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC c gc B bng 45 0 , gc C bng 1200. Trn tia i ca tia
CB ly im D sao cho CD = 2CB . Tnh gc ADE
Cu 5 ( 1im)
Tm mi s nguyn t tho mn : x2- 2y2 = 1

78

p n chm Ton 7
Hng dn chm

C
u
1.a Thc hin theo tng bc ng kt qu -2 cho im ti a
1.b Thc hin theo tng bc ng kt qu 14,4 cho im ti a
2.a Ta c : a 2 + a + 3 = a(a + 1) + 3 = a + 3
a +1

a +1

a +1
a2 + a + 3
l
a +1

v a l s nguyn nn

s nguyn khi

3
l
a +1

nguyn hay a+1 l c ca 3 do ta c bng sau :

a+1
-3
-1
1
3
a
-4
-2
0
2
Vy vi a { 4,2,0,2} th

a2 + a + 3
a +1

im
1im
1im
0,25

s
0,25
0,25

l s nguyn
0,25

2.b T : x- 2xy + y = 0
Hay (1- 2y)(2x - 1) = -1
0,25
V x,y l cc s nguyn nn (1 - 2y)v (2x - 1) l cc s nguyn
do ta c cc trng hp sau :

1 2y = 1 x = 0

2x 1 = 1 y = 0
1 2y = 1 x = 1

2x 1 = 1 y = 1

0,25
0,25
0,25

Hoc

Vy c 2 cp s x, y nh trn tho mn iu kin u bi

3.a V a + c = 2b nn t 2bd = c(b + d) Ta c: (a + c)d =c(b + 0,5
d)
a
c
0,5
Hay ad = bc Suy ra = ( PCM)
b

3.b Gi s s c 3 ch s l aaa =111.a ( a l ch s khc 0)

Gi s s hng ca tng l n , ta c :
79

n( n + 1)
= 111a = 3.37.a Hay
2

n(n + 1) =2.3.37.a

0,25
Vy n(n+1) chia ht cho 37 , m 37 l s nguyn t v n + 1
< 74
( Nu n = 74 khng tho mn )
0,25
Do n=37 hoc n + 1 = 37
Nu n =37 th n + 1 = 38 lc
Nu n + 1=37 th n = 36 lc

n( n + 1)
= 703
2
n( n + 1)
= 666
2

khng tho mn
tho mn

Vy s s hng ca tng l 36

0,5

4
A

ACD =600 do CDH = 300

K DH Vung gc vi AC v
CD
CH = BC
Nn CH =

0,5

Tam gic BCH cn ti C CBH = 300 ABH = 150

M BAH = 150 nn tam gic AHB cn ti H
Do tam gic AHD vung cn ti H Vy
=750
5

0,5
ADB = 45 0 + 300 1,0

1,0
T : x - 2y =1suy ra x - 1 = 2y
0,25
Nu x chia ht cho 3 v x nguyn t nn x = 3 lc y = 2 0,25
nguyn t tho mn
Nu x khng chia ht cho 3 th x 2-1 chia ht cho 3 do
2y2 chia ht cho 3 M(2;3) =1 nn y chia ht cho 3 khi x 2
=19 khng tho mn
0,25
Vy cp s (x,y) duy nht tm c tho mn iu kin u
bi l (2;3)
0,25
2

80

 s 54:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1 (4) Rt gn biu thc
a- A = a - 2 + 3 - 2a - 5 + a
b-

1 + 2 + 3 + ... + ( n 1) + n + (n 1) +... + 3 + 2 +1

vi n N

Bi 2 (4 ) .
Chng minh rng : nu a,b,c l cc s khng m tho mn cc iu kin
sau : a + 3 c = 8 v a + 2 b = 9 th N = a + b - c -

17
2

l s khng dng . Tm

a,b,c N = 0
Bi 3 (4 ) .
Cho biu thc A =

x2 3
2 +x

Biu thc A c gi tr ln nht hay nh nht ? Tm gi tr

Cu 4 (4 )
Cho tam gic cn ABC c ACB = 100 0 . Phn gic trong ca CAB ct CB
ti D . Chng minh rng AD + DC = AB
Bi 5 ( 4 )
Cho tam gic ABC c AB = AC . Trn ng thng vung gc vi AC ti C ly
im D sao cho hai im B , D nm khc pha i vi ng thng AC . Gi K l
giao im ca ng thng qua B vung gc vi AB v ng thng qua trung
im M ca CD v vung gc vi AD .
Chng minh KB = KD
-------------------------*****-------------------------

s 55:
thi hc sinh gii

(Thi gian lm bi 120 pht)

Bi 1: Thc hin php tnh (2 im)

81

a/

5 1
5 5 1 2
: + :
9 11 22 9 15 3

b/

69
2 + 3 + (4 + 5 1 ) 1

167

Bi 2: So snh (2 im)
a/

7+ 5

vi

b/ (1

48 + 2

50

) vi 6
2

Bi 3: Tm x, y, z bit (4,5 im)

a/ 3(x-2) 4(2x+1) 5(2x+3) = 50
1
1
21
: 4 2x +1 =
2
3
22

b/

c/

3x 2 y 5 y 3z 2 z 5 x
=
=
37
15
2

10x - 3y - 2z = -4

Bi 4: (6 im)
Cho hm s

y = ( m +2009 ) x +2 x

. Bit th hm s i qua im A(-1; -1)

a/ Tm m
b/ V th hm s vi m tm c
c/ im no sau y khng thuc th hm s trn.
B(-2; -2)

C(5; 1)

D(2; 10)

d/ Tnh din tch tam gic OBC

Bi 5: (5,5 im)
Cho ABC, gc B = 600, AB = 7cm, BC = 14cm. Trn BC ly im D sao cho gc
BAD = 600. Gi H l trung im ca BD
a/ Tnh di HD
b/ Chng minh rng DAC cn
c/ ABC l tam gic g?
d/ Chng minh rng AB2 + CH2 = AC2 + BH2
=======&=======
(Cn b coi thi khng gii thch g thm)

82

83