Bin Php Thi Cng v Yu Cu K Thut

Tng Cc Khoan Nhi

Cng ty TNHH Bauer Vietnam

3-2010

Bin Php Thi Cng Tng Cc

Mc Lc
1.Tng qut.................................................................................................. 3
2.Trnh t thi cng ....................................................................................... 3
2.1 Tung dn ................................................................................... 4
2.2 Thi cng cc ph ......................................................................... 6
2.2.1 H ng vch v khoan .................................................... 6
2.2.2 Dng c khoan ................................................................ 8
2.2.3 Lm sch y h khoan .................................................. 8
2.2.4 b tng ...................................................................... 8
2.2.5 Rt ng vch tm ............................................................ 9
2.3 Khoan cc chnh .......................................................................... 10
2.3.1 H lng thp .................................................................... 10
3.Tiu chun vt liu ................................................................................... 10
3.1 Thp ............................................................................................. 10
3.2 B tng......................................................................................... Error!
Bookmark not defined.
4.Kim sot v m bo cht lng ........................................................... 11
4.1 Kim sot chnh xc ............................................................... 11
4.2 m bo cht lng .................................................................... 13
4.3 Cc vn an ton ...................................................................... 13
5.Danh sch thit b ..................................................................................... 15

Bin Php Thi Cng Tng Cc

1. Tng qut
y l bin php thi cng tng cc khoan nhi ca cng ty TNHH Bauer
Vietnam xut.
2. Trnh t thi cng
Thit k c bn cho tng cc l bao gm mt h thng cc khoan nhi
vi cc chnh c ct thp v cc ph khng c ct thp.
(xem Hnh 2-6)
Trnh t thi cng c th hin qua Hnh 2-1: Qu trnh thi cng
Bc u tin cc ph khng ct thp s c thi cng.
Bc tip theo, cc chnh c ct thp s c thi cng bng cch ct
cnh b tng ca cc ph. c im quan trng l cc chnh bao gi cng
uc thi cng gia hai cc ph m bo chnh xc
S lung cc ph c thi cng trc khi thi cng khoan cc chnh s tu
thuc vo thi gian thi cng tng loi cc.
Trong mi trung hp, thi im thi cng cc chnh ct cc ph th khng
nn t hn 12 h sau khi hon thnh cc ph.
PRIMARY
PILE
Cc ph

SECONDARY
PILE
Cc chnh

pile numbers indicate construction sequence !

Hnh 2-1: Qu trnh thi cng

Bin Php Thi Cng Tng Cc

2.1 Tung dn
Trc khi bt u thi cng khoan tng cc, nn t cng trng c
san phng v m cht hoc b tng m bo mt nn thi cng
cng v khng ln cho cc my thi cng. Tng dn dng cho vic thi
cng khoan tng cc. Tng dn c cng dng m bo chnh xc v tr
tm cc v dn hung cho cc ng vch.
Qu trnh thi cng :
1. o h mng.
2. nh v trc v gc tng dn
3. b tng lt lm nn cho cp pha.
4. Lp t cp pha c sn xut sn(g, st hoc xp) v chng .
5. Lp ct thp v b tng
6. Kim tra li v tr ca cp pha
7. Tho cp pha
Nhng bc thi cng ny c lp li cho ton b chiu di tng cc
theo thit k. Tham kho hnh Hnh 2-2 Tng dn in hnh ca Tng
cc khoan nhi.

Chi Tit Tng Dn Cho Tng Cc Khoan Nhi

A
200
300

200
300

Lp BACKFILL
ct sau WITH
khi
b tng
SAND

REINFORCEMENT
Ct thp

AFTER CONCRETING

cc-on
pileng
diameter -knh
overcutting
ratio

ct

MT CT A-A
SECTION A-A

VN KHUN
FORMWORK:

STEELthp
OR
Vn khun
PLYWOOD

1 Ct
4 x thp
R16

Ct
1 thp

STIRRUP
thp

R 10/250

Nm
WEDGES

2
3

appr. mm
400 mm
~900

1 R 20 EVERY 3 m
(AS LIFTING HOOK)

B
tng lt
BLINDING

~4000
mmmm
appr. 3000

COMPACTED GROUND

Hnh 2-2 Tng dn in hnh ca Tng cc khoan nhi

Bin Php Thi Cng Tng Cc

2.2 Thi cng cc ph

2.2.1 H ng vch v khoan
Cc ph c thi cng bnh thng nh mt cc y .
Khi no iu kin t nn cho php (n nh, khng nc ngm) th c th
tin hnh khoan ti cao y h mng m khng cn ng vch bo v
cc, nc hoc dung dch bentonite s c s c s dng n nh
thnh h khoan.
ng vch tm kp c chia thnh nhiu on, chiu di mi on
khong t 1m n 6m v c ni vi nhau bng khp ngang, Hnh 2-3
Mi ni
Flush screwed joint

Nm

Wedge

Double Wall
Casing
Length

O. D.

Hnh 2-3: ng vch kp

on ng vch u tin c gn cc
rng ct c bit c th ct cc lp
t cng, b tng hay bt c chng
ngi no khc. N c gn vo u
chuyn ng xoay ca my khoan BG.
Th vn hnh my khoan s t on
ng vch kp u tin ny vo v tr
chnh xc bn trong tng dn. Trc
khi tin hnh xoay h ng vch vo
trong t, dng thc nivo cn chnh
thng ng ca n bng cch gn
trn thnh ng vch.

Sau khi xoay h ng vch vo trong t

c mt vi mt, thng ng ca
ng vch mt ln na c kim tra k lng bng thc nivo. Lun tin
hnh o c 2 trc ca ng vch trong mi ln kim tra. Sai s nghing cho
php c ly theo tiu chun k thut ca d n.
Sau khi h on ng vch u tin, tin hnh khoan ly t bn trong ng
vch ti cao cao hn chn vch khong 0,5m. Trong trng hp vic
khoan h ng vch gp kh khn ti mt su no , vic rung h ng
vch s c p dng.
Trong trng hp gp m ci hay chng ngi vt no khc gy cn tr
vic h ng vch, gu ngom v c c th c s dng. Khi cc thi cng
nm bn di mc nc ngm trong lp t thm ng nht, hoc trong
tng cha c p (v d: ct mn bo ho nc), mt p lc ln hn s c
cung cp bn trong ng vch bng dung dch bentonite, cao dung dch
phi c duy tr khng nh hn 1m so vi mc nc ngm.
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nh v on ng vch
POSITIONING OF FIRST
CASINGu
TUBEtin

Lin kt ng vch v u
INSTALLATION CASING STRING
khoanDRIVE
xoay
WITH ROTARY

o t bn trong ng
vch

EXCAVATION INSIDE CASING

H on ng vch
INSTALLATION
OF LAST
cui cng
CASING SECTION

Mi
ct
Cutting shoe

Tng
Guide
Wall

dn

Tng
Guide
Wall

dn

Tng
Guide
Wall dn

Guide
Wall
Tng

dn

Hnh 2-4: Lp t ng vch bng my khoan BG

Khoan ti
Cao mi cc

H lng thp

Hnh 2-5: Trnh t thi cng Tng cc

b tng bng ng tremie

v rt ng vch

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2.2.2 Dng c khoan:

Dng c khoan s c la chn tu theo iu kin ca t. Gu khoan
c s dng khi khoan bn di mc nc ngm. Mi khoan rut g
c s dng khi khoan vo lp t chc hoc trong cc lp t kh
cng.
Mi khoan li lun c d phng ti cng trng khoan cc lp t
cng trong trng hp cn thit
Tt c cc dng c khoan lun c lp y rng. Cht lng ca cc
rng qua s dng cn phi c kim tra thng xuyn v thay th
cc rng mn hoc mt, m bo tin cng vic.
2.2.3 Lm sch y h khoan
y h khoan c lm sch theo tiu chun k thut d n. Cc bin
php nh: thi ra, dng gu vt, hoc my bm ct c th c s dng
lm sch y h khoan.
Hm lng ct lng ng c kim tra m bo b tng cc khng c
s xm nhp ca ct hoc cht lng.
Dung dch bentonite n nh thnh h khoan, hm lng ct trc khi
b tng khng vt qu 4% v t trng khng vt qu 1,15g/cm3.
Ngay trc khi tin hnh h lng thp, chiu su h khoan s c kim
tra li cng K s, theo nh ng vch c kim tra bi thit b o cao
v chiu su cc o bng thc dy si thy tinh c gn li thp
2.2.4 b tng
Trong iu kin bnh thng, cc cc ph khng c ct thp do c th
tin hnh b tng ngay sau khi hon thnh cng tc khoan. Thi gian
t khi hon thnh khoan cho ti khi b tng cng c rt ngn cng
tt.
ng s c lp t ti cao y cc (xem Hnh 2-5: Trnh t thi
cng Tng cc. ng phi c lm sch hon ton khng dnh b
tng c m bo b tng di chuyn d dng . Gia cc khp ni ng
cn lp t giong cao su ngn nc thm nhp.
Ngay truc khi tin hnh b tng, qu cu bng bt bin hay vt liu
tng ng c t vo trong ng ngn cch b tng v nc.
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Bin Php Thi Cng Tng Cc

ng s c nng ln khi y cc mt khong cho php b tng

ra khi ng.
Vic b tng ch c tin hnh khi c mt s lng xe b tng t
cht lng trn cng trng. st b tng phi t 180mm ti 220mm
trc khi .
B tng phi c lm chm ng kt m bo qu trnh ny khng
din ra trong vng 4 gi trn cng trng. S chm ng kt ny nhm
trnh cc sai st k thut trong qu trnh b tng v rt ng vch.
Trong cc giai on b tng, ng s c nng ln theo chiu cao
dng b tng. y ng cn gi ngp trong b tng ti thiu 2m trong
qu trnh .
2.2.5 Rt ng vch tm
Khi cao b tng t ti t nht 2m trong ng vch, ng vch c th s
c rt ln. Phi lun gi cao b tng cao hn chn ng vch t nht
1m (xem Hnh 2-5).
Khi qu trnh b tng hon thnh, b tng dnh bm trn ng vch v
ng tremie c thi ra sch sau s tin hnh rt ng vch tm. Vic
rt ng vch tm c th dng my rung hoc my khoan cc.
Sau khi rt ng vch tm, nu cao nh b tng thp hn cao ct
cc, h cc s c lp bng b tng trc tip t xe trn cho n khi
t cao yu cu.

Bin Php Thi Cng Tng Cc

2.3 Khoan cc chnh

Qu trnh khoan cc chnh hon ton tng t nh cc ph, ngoi tr vic
ng vch s ct st vo b tng cc ph. Qu trnh thi cng v b tng
phi m bo rng b tng cc cc ph t cng cn thit, nu
khng th s khng hon chnh ca tng (vd: nghing, lch, r r..) s l
nhng kt qu khng mong i.
2.3.1 H lng thp
Ct thpent
main reinforcem

Cc ph
PRIMARY PILE

Cc chnh
SECONDARY PILE

2x (pile
diame
tercc-on
- ov e rcutting
ratio)
2x(ng
knh
ct)

Hnh 2-6: B tr lng thp

Lng thp c gia cng theo bn v. S dng mi hn nh hoc bu lng

ch U m bo s c nh ca lng thp nhm trnh cc ri ro trong
qu trnh nng h.
Lng thp c th ct ngn trong qu trnh thi cng trnh cc mi ni
khng cn thit. Cc lng thp c ni vi nhau bng mi hn hoc bu
lng ch U.
Con k b tng trn hoc con k thp c s dng m bo lp bo
v theo bn v thi cng.
3. Tiu chun vt liu
3.1 Thp
Tt c thp dng lm ct thp phi ph hp vi tiu chun d n.
3.2 B tng
B tng v cc thnh phn ca b tng phi ph hp vi cc tiu chun
p dng.
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Bin Php Thi Cng Tng Cc

Mc thit k ca b tng l M250 vi cc ph, M450 vi cc chnh.

B tng phi t c cc iu kin sau m bo tnh kh dng v t
m (cc yu cu ny c th cao hn yu cu ca tiu chun a phng)
1. Hm lng xi mng
(trong iu kin kh)

> 325 kg/m3

2. Hm lng xi mng
(trong iu kin t)

>375 kg/m3

3. T l nc xi mng

< 0.6

4. Ph st

180 - 220 mm

Trc khi trin khai thi cng, b tng s c trn th xc nh cp

phi ph hp m bo tnh kh dng v cng .
4. Kim sot v m bo cht lng
4.1 Kim sot chnh xc
thng ng l mt yu cu rt quan trng trong qu trnh thi cng
tng cc m bo tnh ngn nc v kh nng chu ti ca h.
m bo thi cng tng cc c chnh xc v tr, phi thc hin nh
sau:

xy tng dn chnh xc
chn thit b ph hp
chn dng c ph hp
kim tra ng vch sau khi h

Tng dn: Hnh 2-2

Thi cng tng dn b tng ct thp trc khi tin hnh khoan cc. V tr
tng dn c trc c xc nh v c kim tra khi xy. Tng dn
ng vai tr chnh trong vic m bo chnh xc v tr ca cc cc.

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Bin Php Thi Cng Tng Cc

Thit b khoan:

3
5

20

Cc cc c thi cng bng my khoan

Bauer BG. Cc tnh nng chnh nh v
cc ca loi my khoan ny nh sau (Hnh
4-1):
Trong qu trnh h, ng vch tm c
kim sot bi 2 im trn trc thng ng
c khong cch t 4 n 6m.
im 1 ti nh ca ng vch, gn bn xo-

ay ca my khoan.
im 2 ti y ca ng vch, nm trong

tng dn.

A
1
Casing

GUIDEWALL

Hnh 4-1

Trong qu trnh h, thng ng ca ng

vch c kim tra bng thc thu bnh.
thng ng ca ng vch c th c
iu chnh d dng theo c hai phng x
v y bng cch dch chuyn ng ni dn
ng. thng ng ca thp ca my
khoan c th c iu chnh bt c lc
no v thp khoan c th iu chnh theo c
3 phng mt cch c lp vi nhau.
thng ng ca thp khoan lun c
kim sot bng h thng in t. su
ca h khoan c xc nh bng thit b
o su in t. Thng tin t c 2 thit b
ny c th hin trong bung iu khin

v c th ghi li khi cn.

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Bin Php Thi Cng Tng Cc

Dng c khoan/ng vch:

Chui ng vch bo v thnh h khoan gm cc on ng c di t 1
n 6m. Cc ng c ni vi nhau bng cc bulng cht lng cao.
ng vch c cng ln (ng vch kp vi chiu dy tng ng l
40mm) kt hp vi mi ni cng s m bo thng ng ca cc ngay
c khi khoan trong iu kin kh nht. (Xem hnh 2-3)
Sau khi khoan xong, h khoan s c kim tra bng bin php c-quang
hc nu cn.
4.2 m bo cht lng
tt c cc giai on, cht lng thi cng s c m bo v duy tr
bng cc chng trnh kim sot cht lng:
Kim sot b tng:
1.

Trc khi trin khai thi cng, b tng s c trn th xc nh

cp phi thch hp, m bo cng v cc tnh cht yu cu.

2.

st ca b tng s c kim tra ngay trc khi vo h khoan.

3.

Cng b tng s c kim tra theo ng tiu chun c p

dng.

4.

Cao b tng trong h khoan s c kim tra lin tc ( c th

pht hin cc s c) trong sut qu trnh b tng.

Kim sot chnh xc:

1.

c v kim tra v tr tng dn

2.

Kim sot thng ng ca l khoan trong sut qu trnh khoan

(nh m t trn)

3.

Ghi li tt c cc thng tin lin quan cho tng cc.

4.3 Cc vn an ton
trnh cc mi nguy him n sc kho v tnh mng, cc bin php
sau y cn c thc hin:
1.

Bo v tt c cc khu vc lm vic v lu tr bng cc hng ro

tm. Ngn cch v nh du r rng cc khu vc nguy him.

2.

Che y hoc bo v bng cc hng ro cao t nht 1.5m cho tt c

cc h khoan ang thi cng hoc thi cng d trong cc ngy hoc
gi ngh.

3.

Ct v kho tt c cc dng c, thit b trong sut cc ngy, gi ngh.

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4.

C h thng chiu sng v sn cng tc m bo an ton khi lm

vic trong m.

5.

Lin tc kim tra v duy tr thit b an ton trn tt c cc thit b theo

ng s ch dn ca nh sn xut.

6.

Tt c mi ngi trn cng trng phi c trang b y cc

thit b an ton nh m cng, ai an ton, v.v.

7.

Tun th tt c cc qui nh chung do Nh thu chnh ban hnh.

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5. Danh sch thit b

Cc thit b sau l cc thit b in hnh cho mt cng trnh thi cng tng
cc:
STT

S
lng

M t

1.

My khoan Bauer BG vi cn Kelly

2.

Gu khoan KB

3.

Li khoan SB

4.

2 b

ng vch kp

5.

1 b

Trm x l dung dch khoan (tu chn)

6.

1 b

My bm dung dch khoan (tu chn)

7.

12

Cn cu phc v (50 ton)

8.

My o

9.

My hn t pht (400 Ampere)

10.

My pht in

11.

My rung ng vch (tu chn)

12.

Thit b trc c

13.

1 b

14.

ng tremie
H thng chiu sng (theo yu cu)

15