1.C1-4. Kt-Bn-Ct-Huy-Tr56

O AN TOT NGHIEP KSXD KHOA 2006-2011 E TAI : TRUNG TAM THNG
MAI AN BNH
GVHD: Thay INH HOANG NAM Trang 1 SVTH: CHU QUANG HUY-XD06A2

CHNG 1
AC IEM CONG TRNH
1.1 AC IEM KIEN TRUC
MAI AN BNH
1.1.1 S CAN THIET PHAI AU T CONG TRNH
Hien nay dan so the gii noi chung va dan so Viet Nam noi rieng
ang ngay tang len mot cach nhanh chong. Chnh v ly do o ma nhu cau ve
nha cung tang len ang ke. Mat khac cung vi s phat trien ve dan
so nen kinh te nc ta cung khong ngng tang trng, nhu cau ve i song
vat chat va tinh than cua ngi dan ngay cang nang cao. Viec xay dng
cac nha cao tang co the ap ng c cac nhu cau nay bi cac ac iem
sau ay.
1.1.2 TONG QUAN VE KIEN TRUC CONG TRNH
a) Ten cong trnh
TRUNG TAM THNG MAI AN BNH.
b) a iem xay dng
Cong trnh c xay dng BNH DNG
c) Qui mo cong trnh
- Dien tch khu at: 2546.05 m
2
.
- Chieu cao cong trnh tnh en san mai: 46.2 m (tnh t mat at t
nhien) .
- Chieu cao cong trnh tnh en nh mai: 49.4 m (tnh t mat at t
nhien) .
- Cong trnh co tong cong: 15 tang ket hp trung tam thng mai, sieu
th, tien ch bao gom:
+ Tang ham: chieu cao tang ham la 3.6m gom co cac phong ky
thuat, phong ien, kho, cho e xe may, cho e xe hi, dien tch mat
bang 1998 m
2
.
+ Tang tret cao 4 m, va lau 1 cao 3.2m dung lam sieu th, dien tch
mat bang 1998 m
2
.
+ Lau 2 ti 13: chieu cao tang 3.2 m, dien tch mat bang 2035 m
2
.
Dien tch mat san 40700 m
2
.
+ Tang ky thuat: gom phong ky thuat thang may va ho nc
mai cha nc sinh hoat va phong chay cha chay.
d) ieu kien t nhien
ac iem kh hau BNH DNG c chia thanh hai mua ro ret
* Mua ma : t thang 5 en thang 11 co
- Nhiet o trung bnh : 25
o
C
- Nhiet o thap nhat : 20
o
C
- Nhiet o cao nhat : 36
o
C
- Lng ma trung bnh : 274.4 mm (thang 4)
- Lng ma cao nhat : 638 mm (thang 5)
- Lng ma thap nhat : 31 mm (thang 11)
- o am tng oi trung bnh : 48.5%
- o am tng oi thap nhat : 79%
- o am tng oi cao nhat : 100%
- Lng boc hi trung bnh : 28 mm/ngay em
* Mua kho (t thang 12 en thang 4)
MAI AN BNH
- Nhiet o trung bnh : 27
o
C
- Nhiet o cao nhat : 40
o
C
* Gio
- Vao mua kho:
- Gio ong Nam : chiem 30% - 40%
- Gio ong : chiem 20% - 30%
- Vao mua ma:
- Gio Tay Nam : chiem 66%
Hng gio Tay Nam va ong Nam co van toc trung bnh: 2,15 m/s
Gio thoi manh vao mua ma t thang 5 en thang 11, ngoai ra con co gio
ong Bac thoi nhe.

1.2 AC IEM KET CAU
Trong khoang thi gian gan ay nc ta a xay ra mot so tran ong
at nhe, tuy nhien van cha co thiet hai nao ang ke. oi vi cong trnh
nha cao tang viec anh hng do tai ong at gay ra tng oi ln gay anh
en chat lng cong trnh nhng nc ta nam trong vung t co kha nang xay
ra ong at neu co cung ch la nhng d chan nhe ma thoi. V vay nen
cong trnh Trung Tam Thng Mai An Bnh khong tnh toan en kha nang chu
lc ong at cua ket cau ben tren.
Nham tao ng net hien ai, khong gian rong cong trnh ng dung
cac giai phap thiet ke va thi cong tien bo nhat hien nay nh mong coc
khoan nhoi, san betong khong dam

CHNG 2
CAC GIAI PHAP KIEN TRUC
2.1 Giai phap giao thong
Sanh va hanh lang noi gia cac phong la giai phap giao thong theo
phng ngang cua cac tang cua cong trnh.
Giao thong theo phng ng gia cac tang gom co sau buong thang
may va hai cau thang bo phuc vu thoat hiem. Cau thang thoat hiem c bo
MAI AN BNH
tr gan cac buong thang may va thong vi sanh chnh thuan li cho viec
thoat hiem khi co s co chay no, t tang tret len lau 2 co he thong thang
cuon phuc vu thuan tien khach hang di lai mua sam.
2.2 He thong chieu sang
Ca so c bo tr eu khap bon mat cua cong trnh va do dien tch
mat bang cong trnh ln nen ch 1 bo phan cong trnh nhan c hau het
anh sang t nhien vao ban ngay, nhng ni anh sang t nhien khong the
en c th s dung chieu sang t nhien, con ban em s dung chieu sang
nhan tao la chu yeu.
2.3 He thong ien
Cong trnh s dung nguon ien khu vc do tnh cung cap. Ngoai ra con
dung nguon ien d tr phong khi co s co la mot may phat ien at
tang ky thuat nham am bao cung cap ien 24/24 gi cho cong trnh.
He thong ien c i trong cac hop gen ky thuat. Moi tang eu co
bang ieu khien rieng cung cap cho tng phan hay khu vc. Cac khu vc eu
co thiet b ngat ien t ong e co lap nguon ien cuc bo khi co s co.
2.4 Cap nc
Cong trnh co ho nc mai, s dung nc t tram cap nc thanh
pho, sau o bm len ho nc mai, roi phan phoi lai cho cac tang. Be nc
nay con co chc nang d tr nc phong khi nguon nc cung cap t
tram cap nc b gian oan (sa cha ng ong v..v..) va quan trong hn
na la dung cho cong tac phong chay cha chay.
2.5 Thoat nc
Cong trnh co he thong thoat nc ma tren san ky thuat, nc ma,
nc sinh hoat cac can ho theo cac ng ong ky thuat dan xuong tang
ham qua cac be lang loc sau o c bm ra ngoai va i ra he thong thoat
nc chung cua tnh. Tat ca he thong eu co cac iem e sa cha va
bao tr.
2.6 Phong chay cha chay
Cong trnh co trang b he thong phong chay cha chay cho nha cao
tang theo ung tieu chuan TCVN 2622-78 Phong chay cha chay cho nha
va cong trnh yeu cau thiet ke.Cong trnh con co he thong bao chay t
ong va bnh cha chay bo tr khap cac tang, khoang cach xa nhat t
cac phong co ngi en loi thoat gan nhat nam trong quy nh, hong
cha chay c thiet lap rieng cho cao oc

MAI AN BNH

CHNG 1
CAC GIAI PHAP KET CAU
1.1 TIEU CHUAN THIET KE
- Tieu chuan thiet ke ket cau be tong cot thep TCXDVN 356
2005.
- Tieu chuan thiet ke tai trong va tac ong TCVN 2737
- 1995.
- Tieu chuan thiet ke mong coc TCVN 205 - 1998.
- Nha cao tang tieu chuan thiet ke TCXD 198 1997
- Tieu chuan nc ngoai ACI 318 -2002
MAI AN BNH
1.2 GIAI PHAP KET CAU CHO CONG TRNH
1.2.1 Phan tch khai quat he chu lc ve nha cao tang noi chung
He chu lc cua nha cao tang la bo phan chu yeu cua cong trnh nhan cac
loai tai trong truyen chung xuong mong va nen at. He chu lc cua cong
trnh nha cao tang noi chung c tao thanh t cac cau kien chu lc chnh
la san, khung va vach cng.
He tng cng chu lc (Vach cng): Cau tao chu yeu trong he ket cau
cong trnh chu tai trong ngang: gio. Bo tr he tng cng ngang va doc theo
chu vi thang may tao thanh he loi cng chu lc va lam tang o cng
chong xoan cho cong trnh.
Vach cng la cau kien khong the thieu trong ket cau nha cao tang hien
nay. No la cau kien thang ng co the chu c cac tai trong ngang va
ng. ac biet la cac tai trong ngang xuat hien trong cac cong trnh nha cao
tang vi nhng lc ngang tac ong rat ln.
S on nh cua cong trnh nh cac vach cng ngang va doc. Nh vay vach
cng c hieu theo ngha la cac tam tng c thiet ke chu tai trong
ngang.
Thng nha cao tang di tac ong cua tai trong ngang c xem nh mot
thanh ngam mong
V cong trnh c tnh toan chu tai trong gio (gio ong) nen bo tr them 4
vach cng 4 goc cua cong trnh tang kha nang chu tai trong ngang cua
cong trnh.
He khung chu lc: c tao thanh t cac thanh ng (cot ) va ngang
(san ) lien ket cng tai cho giao nhau cua chung, cac khung phang lien ket
vi nhau tao thanh khoi khung khong gian.
1.2.2 ket cau cho cong trnh chu gio ong
Do cong trnh la dang nha cao tang, co bc cot ln, ong thi e am
bao ve my quan cho cac can ho nen giai phap ket cau chnh cua cong trnh
c chon nh sau:
Ket cau mong dung he mong coc khoan nhoi.
Ket cau san phang (san d ng lc BTCT day 25 cm). San ay tang ham
day 30 cm
Ket cau theo phng thang ng la he thong loi cng cau thang bo va cau
thang may
Cac he thong loi cng c ngam vao he ai.
Cong trnh co mat bang hnh ch nhat: L x B = 51 x 47 m, t so L/B = 1,1.
Chieu cao nha tnh t mat mong H = 52.4 m do o ngoai tai ng kha ln,
tai trong ngang tac dung len cong trnh cung rat ln va anh hng nhieu
en o ben va o on nh cua ngoi nha. T o ta thay ngoai he khung
chu lc ta con phai bo tr them he loi, vach cng e chu tai trong ngang.
Tai trong ngang (chu yeu xet gio ong) do he loi cng chu. Xet gio ong
tac dung theo nhieu phng khac nhau nhng ta ch xet theo 2 phng chnh cua
cong trnh la u va do mot so yeu cau khi cau tao vach cng ta bo tr vach
cng theo ca hai phng doc va ngang cong trnh.
Toan bo cong trnh la ket cau khung + vach cng chu lc bang BTCT
MAI AN BNH
Tng bao che cong trnh la tng gach trat va ximang. Bo tr ho nc
mai tren san thng phuc vu cho sinh hoat va cu hoa tam thi.

CHNG 2
C S THIET KE
2.1 VAT LIEU
2.1.1 Be tong

Loai cau
kien
Cap o ben
be tong
Rb (Mpa) Rbt (Mpa)
Be tong
lot
B12.5 7.5 0.6
Mong B25 17 1.2
Vach B25 14.5 1.05
Cot B25 14.5 1.05
Dam B25 14.5 1.05
MAI AN BNH
San B25 14.5 1.05
Cau thang B25 14.5 1.05
Be nc B25 14.5 1.05
Chi tiet
phu
B20 11.5 0.9
2.1.2 Cot thep
S dung 3 loai thep
CIII, Ra = Ra' = 365 Mpa, Ea = 200000 Mpa
CII, Ra = Ra' = 280 Mpa, Ea = 210000 Mpa
CI, Ra = Ra' = 225 Mpa, Ea = 210000 Mpa
2.2 CHNG TRNH VA PHAN MEM
- ETAB 9.5.0 Phan tch ket cau tong the khong gian
- SAP 2000 11,
- SAFE 12.2.0
- Cac bang tnh Excel
2.3 TAI TRONG
2.3.1 Tai trong thang ng tac dung len cong trnh
Chieu day san chon da tren cac yeu cau:
Ve mat truyen lc: am bao cho gia thiet san tuyet oi cng trong mat
phang cua no (e truyen tai ngang, chuyen v)
Yeu cau cau tao: Trong tnh toan khong xet viec san b giam yeu do cac lo
khoan treo moc cac thiet b ky thuat (ong ien, nc, thong gio,).
Yeu cau cong nang: Cong trnh se c s dung lam chung c cao cap nen
cac he tng ngan (khong co he a rieng) co the thay oi v tr ma
khong lam tang ang ke noi lc va o vong cua san.
Ngoai ra con xet en yeu cau chong chay khi s dung
Do o trong cac cong trnh nha cao tang, chieu day ban san co the tang
en 50% so vi cac cong trnh khac.
- Cac loai hoat tai s dung cho cong trnh: lay theo TCVN 2737-1995
MAI AN BNH

2.3.2 Tai trong ngang tac dung len cong trnh
Tai trong ngang gom tai trong gio va tai trong ong at o an nay
khong xet tai trong ong at
- Tai trong gio gom gio tnh va gio ong, c tnh toan theo TCVN
229-1999
2.3.3 Cac trng hp tai trong tac ong
TT Tai trong Loai Y ngha
1 TT DEAD Tai trong ban than
2 HT LIVE Hoat tai
3 TUONG SUPER DEAD Tai trong tng
4 HOANTHIEN SUPER DEAD Tai trong hoan thien
5 GIOTINHX WIND Gio tnh theo phng X
6 GIOTINHY WIND Gio tnh theo phng Y
7 GIODONGX WIND Gio ong theo phng X
8 GIODONGY WIND Gio ong theo phng Y
2.3.4 Cac trng hp to hp tai trong
e n gian qua trnh tnh toan, ta khai bao them 1 so to hp trung gian nh
sau:

To hp Loai Thanh phan
Trng hp
tai
TTT ADD TT+TUONG+HOANTHIEN Static
HT ADD 1.LIVE Static
GIOX ADD GIOTINHX + GIODONGX Static
TT LOAI HOAT TAI N V
TAI TRONG TIEU
CHUAN
n
1 Khu vc phong , an,vesinh daN/m
2
200 1.2
2 Sanh, cau thang daN/m
2
300 1.2
3 Nc (honc ma) daN/m
3
1000 1.2
4 Khu vc Garage daN/m
2
500 1.2
5 Khu vc phong khach, daN/m
2
200 1.2
6 Khu vc van phong daN/cm
2
200 1.2
7 Khu vc mai daN/cm
2
75 1.3
8 Khu vc phong hop,letan daN/cm
2
400 1.2
9 Phong ngu daN/cm
2
200 1.2
10 Khu vc cua hang bach hoa daN/cm
2
400 1.2
MAI AN BNH
GIOY ADD GIOTINHY + GIODONGY Static

Cau truc cac trng hp to hp tai trong tnh toan :

To
hp Loai Thanh phan
TH1 ADD 1.TTT+1.HT
TH2 ADD 1.TTT+1GIOX
TH3 ADD 1.TTT-1GIOX
TH4 ADD 1.TTT+1GIOY
TH5 ADD 1.TTT-1GIOY
TH6 ADD 1.TTT+0,9HT+0,9GIOX
TH7 ADD 1.TTT+0,9HT-0,9GIOX
TH8 ADD 1.TTT+0,9HT+0,9GIOY
TH9 ADD 1.TTT+0,9HT-0,9GIOY
BAO ENVE (TH1,TH2, , TH9)

2.3.5 Quy oi tng ng vat lieu va tai trong t tieu chuan viet nam
sang tieu chuan hoa ky
Phan tnh toan san tang ien hnh va khung trong bai co s dung cac quy
nh trong tieu chuan thiet ke ket cau be tong cot thep Hoa K ACI 318. Do
o, viec can lam la s dung cac gia tr au vao ung (vat lieu, tai
trong)
a. Quy oi cng o vat lieu
Cng o ac trng
c
f ' c dung trong ACI 318 - 02 c nh ngha la
cng o th nghiem mau lang tru 6 12in v i xac suat am bao 95%.
Cng o ac trng (cap o ben) c dung trong TCXDVN 356:2005 c
nh ngha la cng o th nghiem mau lap phng 15 15 15cm cung vi
xac suat am bao 95%.
Theo phan A3 cua phu luc A, TCXDVN 356:2005, cng o mau lang tru co
the c quy oi t cng o ac trng mau lap phng (cap o ben) qua
cong thc:
( )
=
bn
R B 0,77 0,001B
Cng o thep
y
f trong ACI 318 02 la gii han chay trong th nghiem keo
thep. Trong tieu chuan Viet Nam, gia tr tng ng la
s,ser
R
y s,ser s
f R 1,05R = ~

MAI AN BNH
b. Quy oi gan ung gia tr noi lc tnh toan gia tieu chuan viet nam
va tieu chuan hoa k
He so to hp tai trong cho viec tnh toan ket cau theo tieu chuan Hoa K
c cho trong bang sau:
Trng hp tai trong Cac he so to hp
Trng hp c ban (D+L)
U = 1,4D + 1,7L
U = 1,2(D+F+L) + 1,6(L+H) + 0,5(L
r
hoac S hoac
R)
Trng hp co tai trong
gio (W) hoac tai trong
ong at (E)
U = 0,75(1,4D + 1,7L) + (1,6W hoac 1E)
U = 0,9D + (1,6W hoac 1E)
Khi co tai trong do ap lc
at (H)
U = 1,4D + 1,7L + 1,7H
Tai trong do niet o, lun,
t bien, co ngot cua be
tong (T)
U = 0,75(1,4D + 1,7L + 1,7H) nhng khong nho
hn gia tr U = (1,4D + T)
Tai trong do chat long tac
dung (F)
U = 1,4D + 1,7L + 1,7F
U = 0,9D + 1,7H
Trong cac to hp tai trong neu tren:
- D la tnh tai;
- L la hoat tai;
- W la tai trong gio;
- L
r
la hoat tai tren mai che;
- S la tai trong tuyet;
- R la tai trong do ma;
- E la tai trong do lc ong at;
- F la tai trong cho chat long, nc;
- T la tai trong do nhiet o.
So sanh to hp tai trong c ban trong hai tieu chuan:
ACI: 1,4 DL 1,7 LL +
TCVN: 1,1 DL 1,2 LL +
Gan ung, co the lay noi lc tnh c t TCVN 2737:1995 nhan vi he so
1,35 trc khi tnh toan theo ACI.
2.4 TRNH T TNH TOAN KET CAU
Trnh t tnh toan toan bo ket cau cho mot cong trnh san ng lc trc nh
sau
- Bc 1: tnh toan cac ket cau phu ( cau thang, ho nc );
- Bc 2: xay dng mo hnh cong trnh phan tch ong lc hoc cua ket
cau;
- Bc 3: s dung ket qua phan tch ong lc hoc tnh toan cac tai
trong ac biet tac dung len cong trnh (gio);
- Bc 4 : khai bao tai trong gio vao mo hnh cong trnh;
MAI AN BNH
- Bc 5 : tnh toan san khong dam vi ket qua tai trong ngang ( gio)
va phan tch;
- Bc 6 : tien hanh giai khung phan tch noi lc ket cau
- Bc 7 : tnh toan khung (cot, vach) ay ch tnh cot
- Bc 8 : tnh toan mong.
- Bc 9: kiem tra on nh tong the cong trnh.

CHNG 3
TNH TOAN HO NC MAI
Trnh t tnh toan:
Gii thieu chung;
S bo chon kch thc tiet dien ho nc;
Tnh toan cac bo phan cua ho nc ;
Bo tr cot thep.

3.1. GI I THI EU CHUNG
Ho nc mai cung cap nc sinh hoat cho toa nha va phuc vu cho cong
tac cu hoa. S bo tnh nhu cau dung nc cua chung c nh sau:

MAI AN BNH
s tng s dng nc sinh hot 15

s cn h trong 1 tng 18

s ngi trong 1 cn h 4

nhu Cu nc sinh hot 200 lt/ngi/ngy-m
tng lng nc sinh hot 216000 lt = 216 m.
Da vao nhu cau s dung o ta bo tr 1 ho nc mai tren san thng
(co vach ngan) . Kch thc nh sau:

chiu di h 9 m;
chiu rng h 7 m;
chiu cao h nc 2 m;
th tch h nc 126 m;
s ln bm trong ngy 2 Ln.

Hnh 3.1: Mat bang ho nc mai

3.2. S BO CHO N K CH THC CAC BO PHAN CUA HO NC
MAI
3.2.1. Chon chieu day ban
Chon chieu day ban theo cong thc:
h
b
=
m
Dl
(3.1)
trong o:
D = 0.8 1.4 he so kinh nghiem phu thuoc hoat tai s dung;
m = 30 35 oi vi ban mot phng;
m = 40 45 oi vi ban ke 4 canh;
l nhp canh ngan cua o ban.

Bang 3.1: Chieu day ban
Cu kin D l(m) m h
t
(m) h
c
(cm)
Bn np 0.8 3.5 40 0.07 8
MAI AN BNH
Bn thnh 1.4 2.2 35 0.088 12
Bn y 1.4 3.5 40 0.1225 14
3.2.2. Chon tiet dien dam
Chieu cao cua dam nap c chon s bo theo cong thc sau:
d
d
d
l
m
h
1
= (3.2)
trong o:
m
d
- he so phu thuoc vao tnh chat cua khung va tai
trong;
m
d
= 8 12 - oi vi he dam chnh, khung mot nhp;
m
d
= 12 16 - oi vi he dam chnh, khung nhieu nhp;
m
d
= 16 20 - oi vi he dam phu;
l
d
- nhp dam.
Be rong dam nap c chon theo cong thc sau:

d d
h b )
4
1
2
1
( =

Bang 3.2: S bo kch thc dam
Cu kin m
d
l
d
(m) h
t
(m) h
c
h
c
b
c
(cm) h
c
(cm)
D
n1
(giao) 16 9.0 0.56 12.5 25 25 40
D
n2
(giao) 16 7.0 0.44 12.5 25 25 40
D
n3
(bin) 16 7.0 0.44 15 30 30 50
D
n4
(bin) 16 9.0 0.56 15 30 30 50
D
d1
(giao) 16 9.0 0.56 15 30 30 60
D
d2
(giao) 16 7.0 0.44 15 30 30 60
D
d3
(bin) 10 7.0 0.7 20 40 30 80
D
d4
(bin) 10 9.0 0.9 20 40 30 80

3.2.3. Chon tiet dien cot
Chon kch thc 30x30cm cho 4 cot ho nc.
3.3. T NH TOAN CAC BO PHAN HO NC MAI
3.3.1. Tnh ban nap
a. Tai trong tac dung len ban nap

Bang 3.3: Tai trong ban nap ho nc
Cac lp cau
tao
o
(m)

(kN/m
3
)
He so
o tin
cay n
g
tc

(kN/m
2
)
g
tt

(kN/m
2
)
Lp va trat 0.02 18 1.3 0.36 0.468
Ban nap
BTCT
0.08 25 1.1 2 2.2
Lp va trat 0.015 18 1.3 0.27 0.351
Tnh tai 2.63 3.019
Hoat tai 1.3 0.75 1.0
MAI AN BNH
Tong tai
trong
3.38 3.994

b. S o tnh ban nap
Ban nap c chia thanh 4 o ban S1 nh tren hnh 4.1.Cac o ban S1
c tnh nh ban ke 4 canh ngam (lien ket vi D1, D2, D3, D4 h
d
/h
b
>3)

Hnh 3.2: S o tnh ban nap
c. Xac nh noi lc ban nap
Cac o ban nap thuoc o ban so 9 trong 11 loai o ban.
Tnh toan theo o ban n, dung s o an hoi.
Cat 1 dai ban co be rong la 1m theo phng canh ngan va canh dai e tnh
toan.
Nhp tnh toan la khoang cach gia hai truc dam.
Momen dng ln nhat gia nhp la:
M
1
= m
91
.P
M
2
= m
92
.P
vi: P = q
tt
.l
ng
.l
d

trong o: P tong tai trong tac dung len o ban ang xet;
m
91
, m
92
9 la loai o ban, 1(hoac 2) la phng cua o ban
ang xet.
Momen am ln nhat tren goi:
M
I
= k
91
.P
M
II
= k
92
.P
Cac he so m
91
, m
92
, k
91
, k
92
c tra bang phu thuoc vao t so
ng
d
l
l
.

Bang 3.4: Noi lc ban nap
Kch
thc
q
(kN/m
2
)
P
(kN)
l
2
/l
1

Cac he so Gia tr Momen (kN.m/m)
l
1
(m)
l
2

(m)
m
91
m
92
k
91
k
92
M
1
M
2
M
I
M
II

3.5 4.5 3.994 62.91 1.286 0.0208 0.0126 0.0474 0.0287 1.31 0.79 2.98 1.81
d. Tnh thep:
MAI AN BNH
O ban nap c tnh nh cau kien chu uon.
Gia thiet tnh toan:
- a
1
= 1,5cm - khoang cach t trong tam cot thep theo phng
canh
ngan en mep be tong chu keo;
- a
2
= 2cm - khoang cach t trong tam cot thep theo phng
canh dai
en mep be tong chu keo;
- h
0
- chieu cao co ch cua tiet dien ( h
0
= h
bn
a), tuy
theo
phng ang xet;
- b = 100 cm - be rong tnh toan cua dai ban.

Bang 3.5: ac trng vat lieu
Be tong B25 Cot thep CI
R
b

(Mpa)
R
bt

(Mpa)
E
b

(Mpa)
R
o
R

R
s

(Mpa)
R
sc

(Mpa)
E
s

(Mpa)
14.5 1.02 30x10
3
0.427 0.618 225 225 21x10
4

Cac bc tnh toan cot thep
2
0
m
b b
M
R b h
o
=

1 1 2
m
o =
b b o
s
s
R b h
A
R

=
Kiem tra ham lng cot thep
min max
% .100
s
o
A
b h
< = <

min
0, 05% = ;
max
14.5
100% 0, 618 100% 3, 9%
225
b
R
s
R
R
= = =

Bang 3.6: Tnh thep ban nap
V tr M
(kN.m)
b
(cm)
ho
(cm)
m
A
s
tt
(cm
2
)
Chon thep %
Kie
m tra
a A
s
chon

(mm) (mm) (cm
2
)
Nhp L1 1.307 100 6.5 0.021 0.022 0.903 6 200 1.414
0.22
OK
Nhp l2 0.792 100 6 0.015 0.015 0.591 6 200 1.414
0.24
OK
Goi L1 2.984 100 6.5 0.049 0.050 2.093 8 200 2.513
0.39
OK
Goi L2 1.807 100 6.5 0.029 0.030 1.254 8 200 2.513
0.39
OK
Cot thep gia cng cho lo tham c tnh theo cong thc:
F
gc
= 1.5xF
c
= 1.5x(4u6) = 1.5x1.13 = 1.695 cm
2

Chon thep gia cng la 2u12 co F
gc
= 2.26 cm
2
cho moi phng, oan neo la:
MAI AN BNH
l
neo
30d = 30x12 = 360 mm.

3.3.2. Tnh ban ay
a. Tai trong tac dung len ban ay

Bang 3.7: Tai trong ban ay ho nc
Cac lp cau tao
o
(m)

(kN/m
3
)
He so
o tin
cay n
g
tc

(kN/m
2
)
g
tt

(kN/m
2
)
Lp gach geramic 0.02 20 1.1 0.4 0.44
Lp va lot 0.02 18 1.3 0.36 0.468
Lp va chong
tham
0.01 20 1.1 0.2 0.22
Ban ay BTCT 0.14 25 1.1 3.5 3.85
Lp va trat 0.015 18 1.3 0.27 0.351
Tnh tai 4.73 5.329
Ap lc thuy tnh 2 10 1 20 20
Tong tai trong 24.73 25.329

b. S o tnh ban ay
Ban ay c chia thanh 4 o ban S1 nh tren hnh 4.1.Cac o ban S1
c tnh nh ban ke 4 canh ngam (lien ket vi cac dam D5, D6, D7, D8
h
d
/h
b
>3).

Hnh 3.3: S o tnh ban ay
c. Xac nh noi lc ban ay
Cac o ban ay thuoc o ban so 9 trong 11 loai o ban.
Tnh toan theo o ban n, dung s o an hoi.
Cat 1 dai ban co be rong la 1m theo phng canh ngan va canh dai e
tnh toan.
Nhp tnh toan la khoang cach gia hai truc dam.
Momen dng ln nhat gia nhp la:
M
1
= m
91
.P
M
2
= m
92
.P
MAI AN BNH
vi: P = q
tt
.l
ng
.l
d

trong o: P tong tai trong tac dung len o ban ang xet;
m
91
, m
92
9 la loai o ban, 1(hoac 2) la phng cua o ban
ang xet.
Momen am ln nhat tren goi:
M
I
= k
91
.P
M
II
= k
92
.P
Cac he so m
91
, m
92
, k
91
, k
92
c tra bang phu thuoc vao t so
ng
d
l
l
.
Bang 3.8: Noi lc ban ay
Kch
thc
q
kN/m
2

P
kN
l
2
/l
1

l
1
m
l
2

m
m
91
m
92
k
91
k
92
M
1
M
2
M
I
M
II

3.5 4.5 25.33 398.95 1.286 0.0208 0.0126 0.0474 0.0287 8.3 5.03 18.91 11.45

d. Tnh thep
Gia thiet tnh toan:
- a
1
= 2cm - khoang cach t trong tam cot thep theo phng canh
ngan
- a
2
= 2.5 cm - khoang cach t trong tam cot thep theo phng
canh dai
- h
0
0
= h
bn
a), tuy
theo
phng ang xet;
R
b

(Mpa)
R
bt

(Mpa)
E
b

(Mpa)
R
o
R

R
s

(Mpa)
R
sc

(Mpa)
E
s

(Mpa)
14.5 1.05 30x10
3
0.427 0.618 225 225 21x10
4

2
0
m
b b
M
R b h
o
=

1 1 2
m
o =
b b o
s
s
R b h
A
R

=
MAI AN BNH
min max
% .100
s
o
A
b h
< = <

min
0, 05% = ;
max
14, 5
100% 0, 618 100% 3, 9%
225
b
R
s
R
R
= = =
Bang 3.10: Tnh thep ban ay
V tr M
(kN.m)
b
cm
ho
cm
m
A
s
tt
cm
2

Chon thep %
Kiem
tra
a A
s
chon

(mm) (m
m)
(cm
2
)
Nhp L1 8.30 100 12 0.040 0.041 3.138 8 140 3.59 0.30 OK
Nhp L2 5.03 100 11.5 0.026 0.027 1.970 8 200 2.513 0.22 OK
Goi L1 18.91 100 11.5 0.099 0.104 7.709 10 100 7.854 0.65 OK
Goi L2 11.45 100 11.5 0.060 0.062 4.566 10 150 5.236 0.46 OK

e. Kiem tra khe nt cua ban ay
Theo TCVN 356 2005:
Cac bc kiem tra
Bc 1: Kiem tra ieu kien hnh thanh vet nt theo 7.1.2.4 TCVN 356-
2005:
M
r
s M
crc
(3.3)
Trong o:
M
r
momen do ngoai lc nam mot pha tiet dien ang xet oi
vi truc song song vi truc trung hoa va i xa iem loi cach xa vung chu
keo cua tiet dien nay hn ca;
M
crc
momen chong nt cua tiet dien thang goc vi truc doc
cau kien khi hnh thanh vet nt, c xac nh theo cong thc:
M
crc
= R
bt,ser
.W
pl
+ M
rp
(3.4)
Vi cau kien khong ng lc trc M
rp
=0;
W
pl
momen khang uon cua tiet dien oi vi th chu keo ngoai
cung co xet en bien dang khong an hoi cua betong vung
chu keo, theo 7.1.2.6 TCVN 356-2005:

( )
'
2
bo so so
pl bo
I I I
W S
h x
o o + +
= +
(3.5)

Vi:
x khoang cach t truc trung hoa en mep chu nen
I
bo
, I
so
, I
so
lan lt la momen quan tnh oi vi truc trung hoa cua dien

tch vung be tong chu nen, cua dien tch cot thep chu keo va cua
dien tch cot thep chu nen;
3
3
bo
x
I b =
,
( )
2
0 so s
I A h x =
,
( )
2
' ' '
0 so s
I A h a =

S
bo
momen tnh oi vi truc trung hoa cua dien tch vung be tong chu
keo;
MAI AN BNH

( )
2
0
2
b
h x
S b

=

V tr truc trung hoa x c xac nh theo ieu kien:
( )
' '
0 0 0
2
bt
b s s
h x A
S S S o o

+ =

S
b0
momen tnh cua vung chu nen oi vi truc trung hoa;
S
S0
, S
S0
momen tnh cua dien tch cot thep chu keo va cot thep
chu nen oi vi truc trung hoa.

0
x h =

( )
( )
'
' ' '
' '
2 1 2 1
0, 5
1
2
f
f f s
red f f
h
a
bh b b h A
h h
A b b h
o
| | | |
+ +
| |
\ . \ .
=

(3.6)

' '
, , ,
f f f f
h h b b - chieu cao, be rong canh tren di cua tiet dien ch I vi
tiet dien ch nhat
' '
0, 0, 0, 0
f f f f
h h b b = = = =
,
'
'
2 1
1
2
S
red
a
bh A
h
A
o
| |
+
|
\ .
=
,
( )
'
red S S
A bh A A o = + +
.

Neu bc1 khong thoa tc la cau kien bi nt can tien hanh kiem
tra s m rong khe nt theo bc 2.
Bc 2:
a
crc
< a
crc
gh
(3.7)

trong o:
a
crc
gh
be rong khe nt gii han cua cau kien ng vi cap
chong nt cap 3, co mot phan tiet dien chu nen, lay
theo bang 1 TCVN 356 2005,
a
crc
gh
= 0.2 mm (cap chong nt cap 3);
a
crc

be rong khe nt thang goc vi truc doc cua cau kien.
Theo muc 7.2.2.1 TCVN 356 2005
( )
3
1
20 3.5 100
s
crc
s
a d
E
o
oq =
(3.8)

trong o:
o = 1 cau kien chu uon va nen lech tam;
1
= 1.2 he so ke en tac dung tai trong thng xuyen va
tai trong tam thi dai han trong trang thai bao hoa
nc;
= 1.3 cot thep thanh tron trn;
o
s
ng suat trong cac thanh cot thep;
MAI AN BNH

,
.
tc
s s ser
s
M
R
A z
o = s
z - la khoang cach t trong tam dien tch tiet dien cot thep
S en iem at cua lc trong vung chu nen cua tiet
dien be tong pha tren vet nt, theo 7.4.3.2 TCVN 356
2005 :

( )
2
0
0
1
2
f
f
f
h
h
Z h

(
+
(
(
=
( +
(

(3.9)
vi tiet dien ch nhat h
f
= 0,
f
=0,
( )
0
1 0,5 Z h = .
E
s
moun an hoi cua thep ( E
a
= 210000 Mpa);
ham lng cot thep doc chu keo va khong ln hn 0.02;
d ng knh cot thep chu lc.
Tnh toan vi tai trong tieu chuan g
tc
= 24,73 kN/m
2
a tnh bang 3.7 noi
dung tnh toan c trnh bay trong cac bang sau:

Bang 3.11: Noi lc ban ay vi tai trong tieu chuan
Kch
thc q
kN/m
2

P
kN
l
2
/l
1

l
1
m
l
2

m
m
91
m
92
k
91
k
92
M
1
M
2
M
I
M
II

3.5 4.5 24.73 389.5 1.286 0.0208 0.0126 0.0474 0.0287 8.102 4.908 18.462 11.179

Bang 3.12: ieu kien hnh thanh khe nt

Ban ay
V tr MI M1 MII M2
M (kNm) 18.462 8.102 11.179 4.908
b(mm) 1000 1000 1000 1000
h(mm) 140 140 140 140
a (mm)

25 25 20 20
a
(mm)

25 25 20 20
h
0
(mm)

115 115 120 120
A
s
(mm
2
) 785 359 524 251
A'
s
(mm
2
) 359 0 251 0
E
s
(Mpa) 210000 210000 210000 210000
E
b
(Mpa) 30000 30000 30000 30000
R
bt,ser
(Mpa) 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
R
b,ser
(Mpa) 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5
o 7
7 7 7
x=.h
0
(mm) 59 58 61 61
I
bo
(mm
4
)
68100778 66518446 75368297 74501461
I
so
(mm
4
)
2470849 1148576 1828906 883027
I'
so
(mm
4
)
2907900 0 2510000 0
MAI AN BNH
S
bo
(mm
3
)
3288871 3326263 3126711 3145280
W
pl
(mm
3
)
5825082 5139296 5741772 5167792
M
crc
(kNm)
10.485 9.251 10.335 9.302
Ket luan Nt Khong nt Nt Khong nt
Ban ay co xuat hien vet nt do o can kiem tra s m rong khe nt.

Bang 3.13: Kiem tra ng suat
V
tr
M
kN.m
b
cm
h
o

cm
m
cm
R

cm
A
cm
2
Z
cm
s

MPa
R
s,ser
MPa

s
< R
s,ser
M1 8.102 100 12 0.039 0.040 3.061 11.76 191.419 235 OK
M2 4.908 100 11.5 0.026 0.026 1.922 11.35 171.806 235 OK
MI 18.462 100 12 0.088 0.093 7.170 11.44 204.049 235 OK
MII 11.179 100 11.5 0.058 0.060 4.454 11.15 190.610 235 OK

Bang 3.14: Kiem tra s m rong khe nt ban ay
s

MPa
o
1
q
E
s
MPa

d
mm
a
crc
mm
a
crc
gh

mm
a
crc
a
crc
gh

191.419 1 1.2 1.3 210000 0.0029 8 0.18258 0.2 OK
171.806 1 1.2 1.3 210000 0.0022 8 0.16745 0.2 OK
204.049 1 1.2 1.3 210000 0.0065 10 0.18611 0.2 OK
190.610 1 1.2 1.3 210000 0.0046 10 0.18544 0.2 OK

f. kiem tra vong ban ay
1
200
l l
f f
(
s =
(

(3.10)

Ban ay lam viec 2 phng. Cat dai ban co be rong 1m moi phng xem
nh dam n gian co o vong la f
1
va f
2
. o vong tai giua o ban:
f
tong
= f
1
+ f
2
(3.11)
Theo 7.4.4.1 TCVN-356-2005 o vong bien dang uon gay ra xac nh theo
cong thc :
0
1
l
m x
x
f M dx
r
| |
=
|
\ .
}

(3.12)
Trong o:
M
x
- momen uon tai taiet dien x do tac dung cua lc n v at theo
hng chuyen v can xac nh cua cau kien tai tiet dien x tren chieu dai
nhp can tm o vong;
MAI AN BNH

1
x
r
| |
|
\ .
- o cong toan phan tai tiet dien x do tai trong vong gay nen. Xac
nh tng ng vi nhng oan co vet nt va khong co vet nt.
Vi cau kien chu uon, tnh nh, co tiet dien khong oi sau khi phan tch
ta a ve c cong thc n gian nh sau:

2
0
1
m m
f l
r
| =
(3.13)

|
m
he so s o phu thuoc vao goi ta va tai trong. Tra bang phu luc F
TCVN 356-2005.
Lay |
m
= 5/48
Tai v tr gia ban ay khong xuat hien vet nt theo 7.4.2.1 TCVN 356-
2005 o cong toan phan tai gia nhp xac nh nh sau:

1 2 3 4
1 1 1 1 1
r r r r r
= +
(3.14)

Trong o:
1 2
1 1
,
r r
- tng ng la o cong do tai trong tam thi ngan han va
do tai trong thng xuyen, tai trong tam thi dai han, c xac nh theo cac
cong thc:

1 1
2 2
1
1
b b red
b b red
M
r E I
M
r E I

=

`

=

)

Trong o:
M - momen do ngoai lc tng ng;

b1
= 0,85 he so anh hng t bien ngan han cua be tong;

b2
= 2 he so anh hng cua t bien dai han cua be tong en
bien dang cau kien khong co vet nt, lay theo bang33 TCVN 356-2005;
I
red
momen quan tnh cua tiet dien quy oi oi vi trong tam
cua no;
I
red
= I
b
+ I
b
+ oI
S
+oI
S
. (3.15)
Noi lc:

Bang 3.15: Noi lc toan bo tai trong
Kch
thc q
kN/m
2

P
kN
l
2
/l
1

l
1
m
l
2

m
m
91
m
92
k
91
k
92
M
1
M
2
M
I
M
II

3.5 4.5 24.73 389.5 1.286 0.0208 0.0126 0.0474 0.0287 8.102 4.908 18.462 11.179

MAI AN BNH
Bang 3.16: Noi lc tai trong ngan han
Kch
thc q
kN/m
2

P
kN
l
2
/l
1

l
1
m
l
2

m
m
91
m
92
k
91
k
92
M
1
M
2
M
I
M
II

3.5 4.5 20.00 315 1.286 0.0208 0.0126 0.0474 0.0287 6.552 3.969 14.931 9.041
Ket qua kiem tra vong ban ay nh sau:
Bang 3.17: Kiem tra vong
Cau kien
Ban ay
V tr M1 M2
Mtong(kNm) dh 8.102 4.908
M (kNm) nh 6.552 3.969
b(mm) 1000 1000
h(mm) 140 140
l (mm) 3500
a (mm) 20 25
a' (mm) 20 25
h
0
(mm) 120 115
A
s
(sq.mm) 2777 2513
A'
s
(sq.mm) 402 402
E
s
210000 210000
E
b
30000 30000
o 7 7
x=*h 77 76
I
b
151785248 148287683
I
b
' 83612196 86003234
I
s
6415880 4790657
I'
s
1542371 1276264
Ired 286819991 273492560
b1
0.85 0.85
b2
2 2
1/r
1
9.0832E-07 5.7722E-07
1/r
2
1.1037E-06 7.0137E-07
1/r 2.012E-06 1.2786E-06
f (mm) 2.5674143 1.63152667
ftong (mm) 4.19894097
f/l 0.001199697
[f/l]=1/200 0.005
f/l < [f/l] OK
3.3.3. Tnh ban thanh
a. Tai trong tac dung len ban thanh
+ Tnh tai
Bang 3.18: Tai trong ban thanh ho nc
Cac lp cau tao
o
(m)

(kN/m
3
)
He so
o tin
cay n
g
tc

(kN/m
2
)
g
tt

(kN/m
2
)
Lp gach men (m) 0.01 20 1.1 0.2 0.2
MAI AN BNH
Lp va lot (m) 0.02 18 1.3 0.36 0.5
Lp va chong
tham (m)
0.015 20 1.1 0.3 0.3
Ban thanh BTCT
(m)
0.12 25 1.1 3 3.3
Lp va trat (m) 0.01 18 1.3 0.18 0.2
Tnh tai 4.04 4.552
+ Ap lc thuy tnh tai chan ban thanh
P
tc
=
n
.h = 10.2= 20 kN/m
2

P
tt
= n.
n
.h = 1,1.10.2= 22 kN/m
2

+ Tai trong gio
W
tc
= W
0
.k.C ; W
tt
= W
tc
.n
vi: W
0
= 0,83kN/m
2
- ap lc gio tieu chuan khu vc II-A;
k = 1,.0198 - he so anh hng o cao va dang a
hnh;
(lay +49 m=45.6+2.8+0.6 m va dang a hnhC)
C
h
= 0.6 - he so kh ong;
n = 1,2
Suy ra: W
h
tt
= 0,83.1,0198.0,6 = 0,6717 kN/ m
2

W
h
tt
= 0,6717.1,2 = 0,806kN/ m
2
Cac trng hp tac dung cua tai trong tac dung len thanh ho:
ho ay nc, co gio hut;
ho khong co nc, co gio ay;
Xet tiet dien chu uon di tac dung cua tai trong gio va nc. Tai trong
gio nho hn nhieu so vi ap lc cua nc len thanh ho, xet trng hp
nguy hiem nhat cho thanh ho la :
ho nc ay, co gio hut.
Tai trong tac dung len dai ban be rong b = 1m nh sau:
tai cao trnh nap ho nc q
tc
= b.W
h
tc
= 1.0,6717 =0,6717 kN/m ;
q
tt
= b.W
h
tt
= 1.0,806 =0,806 kN/m ;
tai cao trnh ay ho nc q
tc
=b.P
n
tc
+ b.W
h
tc
= 1.20+1.0,6717 = 20,6717 kN/m;
q
tt
=b.P
n
tt
+ b.W
h
tt
= 1.22+1.0,806 = 22,806 kN/m.
b. S o tnh
Xet t so canh dai tren canh ngan:
+ Truc 3 - 4:
9
4, 5
2
d
n
l
l
= = => Ban mot phng
+ Truc C - D :
7
3, 5
2
d
n
l
l
= = => Ban mot phng
Cat dai ban 1m tnh nh cau kien chu uon s o nh sau:
MAI AN BNH

Hnh 3.4: s o tnh ban thanh
c. Xac nh noi lc
S dung phan mem sap V.11 ket qua nh sau:

Hnh 3.5: noi lc tnh thep ban thanh
d. Tnh cot thep
Bang 3.19: Tnh cot thep ban thanh
V tr M
(kN.m)
b
cm
ho
cm
m
cm
R

cm
A
s
tt
cm
2

Chon thep %
Kiem
tra
a A
s
chon

(mm) (mm) (cm
2
)
Bung 2.77 100 10 0.019 0.019 1.243 8 200 2.51
0.251
OK
Goi 6.26 100 10 0.043 0.044 2.845 8 160 3.14
0.314
OK

e. Kiem tra nt ban thanh
Tnh toan vi tai trong tieu chuan tac dung len ban thanh:
tai cao trnh nap ho nc q
tc
= 0,6717 kN/m ;
tai cao trnh ay ho nc q
tc
= 20,6717 kN/m
2
.
Noi lc nh sau:
MAI AN BNH

Hnh 3.6: noi lc kiem tra nt ban thanh

Kiem tra nt tng t ban ay ket qua nh sau:

Bang 3.20: kiem tra hnh thanh vet nt

Ban thanh
V tr Goi Bung
M(kNm) 5.66 2.51
B(mm) 1000 1000
h(mm) 120 120
a (mm)

20 20
a
(mm)

20 20
h
0
(mm)

100 100
A
s
(mm
2
)

314 251
A'
s
(mm
2
)
251
314
E
s
(Mpa) 210000 210000
E
c
(Mpa) 30000 30000
R
bt,ser
(Mpa)

1.6 1.6
R
b,ser
(Mpa)

18.5 18.5
o 7 7
x=.h (mm)
50
50
I
bo
(mm
4
)
42631836 41939365
I
so
(mm
4
)
773016 624771
I'
so
(mm
4
)
1606400 2009600
S
bo
(mm
3
)
2423255 2442387
W
pl
(mm
3
)
4089600 4129507
M
crc
(kNm)
7.361
7.433
Ket luan Khong Nt Khong nt

Ban thanh khong xuat hien vet nt nen khong can kiem tra s m rong
khe nt.

MAI AN BNH

3.3.4. Tnh dam nap

Hnh 3.7: mat bang dam nap

a. S o tnh va tai trong
He dam trc giao do o co nhieu cach xac nh noi lc. Trong thc te
cac he dam nay lam viec ng thi vi nhau. Do o ta giai bai toan
he dam nay lam viec khong gian bang cach mo hnh bai toan vao
Sap2000 V.11(mo hnh khong gian). He dam trc giao lien ket khp vi 4
cot ho nc.
Trong lng ban than dam do may t tnh
MAI AN BNH
Tong tai trong ban nap la: 3,994 (kN/m
2
)
Ban nap truyen vao dam Dn2 co dang hnh tam giac :
P = 3,994.3,5 = 13.979 kN/m.
Ban nap truyen vao dam Dn4 co dang hnh tam giac :
P = 3,994. 3,5/2 = 6,99 kN/m.
Ban nap truyen vao dam Dn1co dang hnh hnh thang:
P = 3,994.3,5 = 13,979 kN/m.
Ban nap truyen vao dam Dn3co dang hnh hnh thang:
P = 3,994. 3,5/2 = 6,99 kN/m.

Hnh 3.8: tai trong dam nap (kN/m)
b. Noi lc

Hnh 3.9: bieu o momen toan bo dam nap (kNm)

MAI AN BNH

Hnh 3.10: bieu o lc cat toan bo dam nap (kN)

Hnh 3.11: bieu o momen va lc cat tng dam cua ban nap
c. Tnh thep
Tnh cot doc
Gia thiet tnh toan:
MAI AN BNH
- a = 4 cm khoang cach t trong tam cot thep en mep be tong chu
keo;
Be tong B25 Cot thep CIII
R
b

(Mpa)
R
bt

(Mpa)
E
b

(MPa)
R
o
R
R
s

(Mpa)
R
sc

(Mpa)
E
s

(Mpa)
14.5 1.05 30x10
3
0.405 0.563 365 365 21x10
4

2
0
m
b b
M
R b h
o
=

> 0,5 tang tiet dien dam
1 1 2
m
o =
b b o
s
s
R b h
A
R

=
min max
% .100
s
o
A
b h
< = <

min
0, 05% = ;
max
14.5
100% 0, 563 100% 2, 24%
365
b
R
s
R
R
= = =
Bang 3.24: Tnh thep doc dam nap
Te
n
cau
kie
n
V tr M
kN.m
b
cm
ho
cm
m
cm

R
cm
A
s
tt
cm2

Chon thep %
Kie
m tra
so
thanh
A
s
chon

mm (cm
2
)
D
n1
Goi
trai
12.782 25 36 0.027 0.028 0.986 14 2 3.079 0.34 OK
Nhp 75.210 25 36 0.160 0.175 6.274 18 3 7.634 0.84 OK
Goi
phai
12.782 25 36 0.027 0.028 0.986 14 2 3.079 0.34 OK
D
n2
Goi
trai
10.910 25 36 0.023 0.023 0.840 14 2 3.079 0.34 OK
Nhp 68.452 25 36 0.146 0.158 5.657 16 3 6.032 0.67 OK
Goi
phai
10.910 25 36 0.023 0.023 0.840 14 2 3.079 0.34 OK
D
n3
Nhp 175.99 30 46 0.191 0.214 11.739 20 4 12.57 0.91 OK
D
n4
Nhp 126.17 30 46 0.137 0.148 8.115 18 4 10.18 0.73 OK

Tnh cot ai (theo cac muc 6.3.2.1 ti 6.2.3.4 TCVN 356-2005)
Bc 1: Chon so lieu au vao
- Chon cap o ben cua be tong: R
b
, R
bt
, E
b
.
- Chon loai cot ai: R
sw,
E
s
.
- Tra bang tm:
b2
,
b3,
b4 ,
|.
MAI AN BNH
Bc 2: Kiem tra ve ieu kien tnh toan
Q
A
s Q
o
= 0.5
b4
(1 +
n
)R
bt
bh
o
(3.16)
Trong o:
R
bt
cng o tnh toan ve keo cua be tong;
b, h
o
be rong, chieu cao lam viec cua tiet dien;

b4
he so phu thuoc loai be tong;

n
he so ke en anh hng cua lc doc N(neu co).
Khi N la lc nen:

0.1
0.5
n
bt o
N
R bh
= s .
Khi N la lc keo:

0.2
n
bt o
N
R bh

= va
n
0.8 s .
- Neu thoa ieu kien th at cot ai theo cau tao.
- Neu khong thoa phai tnh cot ai.
Bc 3: Tnh toan cot ai
- Tnh:
*
2
b
A
M
C
Q
=
(3.17)

Trong o:
Q
A
lc cat ln nhat trong pham vi oan dam can tnh toan;

2
2
(1 )
b b f n bt o
M R bh = + +
(3.18)

Vi:
b2

f
he so xet anh hng cua canh chu nen trong tiet
dien ch T
' '
0.75( )
f f
f
o
b b h
bh

= ,
f
s 0,5

'
f
b
'
3
f
b h s +
trong o:

'
f
b -be rong ban canh;

'
f
h - chieu cao ban canh;
(1 )
f n
+ + s 1,5.
- T C
*
xac nh C, C
o
theo bang:

Bang 3.25: Xac nh C, C
0

C
*
<h
o
h
o
2h
o
>2h
o
C h
o
C
*
C
*

C
o
C
*
C
*
2h
o

- Tnh:
sw1
A b
o
Q Q
q
C
= ;
b
b
M
Q
C
=
- Tnh:
min
sw2
2
b
o
Q
q
h
=
- Chon q
sw
= max ( q
w1
, q
w2
)
MAI AN BNH
- Khoang cach cot ai theo tnh toan:

w w
sw
q
s s
tt
R A
s =
- Khoang cach cot ai theo cau tao:
min( ;150 )
2
ct
h
s mm s khi h < 450mm
min( ;300 )
3
ct
h
s mm s khi h > 450mm
s = min(s
tt
, s
ct
)
Bc 4: Kiem tra ieu kien be tong chu nen gia cac vet nt
nghieng
w1 1
0.3
A bt b b o
Q Q R bh s =
(3.19)

w1 w
w
1
1 5
;
bs
1
s
s s
s
b
b b
E A
E
R
o
o
|
= +
= =
=

- Neu thoa ieu kien th bo tr cot ai
- Ngc lai, co the chon lai cot ai hoac tang tiet dien.

R
b
(MPa) R
bt
(MPa) E
b
(MPa) R
sw
(MPa) E
s
(MPa)
14.5 1.05 30000 175 210000

Bang 3.27: So nhanh ai va ng knh cot ai.
ai s dung Cac he so
ai
(mm) n A
sw
(mm
2
) |
b2

b3

b4

n

f

6 2 56.55 0.01 2 0.6 1.5 0 0

Bang 3.28: Tnh cot ai dam nap
Cau kien D
n1
D
n2
D
n3
D
n4

Q (kN) 43.63 39.28 55.74 47.17
b (mm) 250.00 250.00 300.00 300.00
h (mm) 400.00 400.00 500.00 500.00
a (mm) 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00
h
o
(mm) 360.00 360.00 460.00 460.00
Q
o
(kN) 70.86 70.86 108.68 108.68
Kiem tra ieu kien tnh
toan
at cau
tao
at cau
tao
at cau
tao
at cau
tao

s
ct
(mm) < 150.00 150.00 166.67 166.67
s
chon
(mm) 150.00 150.00 160.00 160.00
MAI AN BNH
Kiem tra ieu kien be tong chu nen gia cac vet nt nghieng
o
s

7 7 7 7
w
(mm
2
) 0.0027 0.0027 0.0020 0.0020
b1
(mm
2
) 0.830 0.830 0.830 0.830
w1
(mm
2
) 1.09 1.09 1.06 1.06
Q
bt
(kN) 413.97 413.97 622.10 622.10
Q
A
< Q
bt
OK OK OK OK

Tnh cot treo :
He dam trc giao D
n1
va D
n2
( dam phu) c gac trc tiep len
he dam chnh D
n4
va D
n3
nen tai cho nay xuat hien mot lc tap trung
kha ln t dam phu truyen vao dam chnh nen phai bo tr cot treo
e tranh s pha hoai cuc bo.
- Lc tap trung tac dung len dam D
n3
la P = 39,28 kN
Dien tch cot treo
2
39, 28
2, 24
17, 5
tr
sw
P
F cm
R
= = =
Ta co : h
4
= h
Dn4
h
Dn1
= 500-400 = 100 mm
Chon 4 ai |8 a50 (F
tr
= 4,02 cm
2
) bo tr moi ben mep dam D
n3
la 2
ai.
n4
la P = 43,63 kN
Dien tch cot treo
2
43, 63
2, 49
17, 5
tr
sw
P
F cm
R
= = =
Ta co : h
4
= h
Dn4
h
Dn1
= 500-400 = 100 mm
Chon 4 ai |8 a50 (F
tr
= 4,02 cm
2
) bo tr moi ben mep dam D
n4
la 2
ai.

3.3.5. Tnh dam ay
MAI AN BNH

Hnh 3.12: Mat bang bo tr dam ay
a. S o tnh va tai trong
He dam trc giao do o co nhieu cach xac nh noi lc. Trong thc te
cac he dam nay lam viec ong thi vi nhau. Do o ta giai bai toan
he dam nay lam viec khong gian bang cach mo hnh bai toan vao
Sap2000 V.11(mo hnh khong gian). He dam trc giao lien ket khp vi
4 cot ho nc.
Trong lng ban than dam do may t tnh
Tong tai trong ban ay la:
g
tt
= 25,33 (kN/m
2
).
Trong lng ban than ban thanh tac dung len dam D
d3
, D
d4
ang
phan bo eu:
g
tt
= 1,2.2. 25 .0,12 = 7,2 kN/m.
Ban ay truyen vao dam D
d2
co dang hnh tam giac :
P
tt
= 25,33.3,5 = 88,655 kN/m.
Ban nap truyen vao dam D
d4
co dang hnh tam giac :
P
tt
= 25,33. 3,5/2 = 44,3275 kN/m.
d1
co dang hnh hnh thang:
P
tt
= 25,33.3,5 = 88,655 kN/m.
d3
co dang hnh hnh thang:
P
tt
= 25,33. 3,5/2 = 44,3275 kN/m.

MAI AN BNH

Hnh 3.13: tai trong dam ay (kN/m)

b. Noi lc
MAI AN BNH

Hnh 3.14: bieu o momen toan bo dam ay (kNm)

Hnh 3.15: bieu o lc cat toan bo dam ay (kN)

MAI AN BNH

Hnh 3.16: bieu o momen va lc cat tng dam ay
c. Tnh thep
Tnh cot doc
Gia thiet tnh toan:
- a = 4 cm khoang cach t trong tam cot thep tren va a=7 cm khoang
cach t trong tam cot thep di en mep be tong chu keo oi vi D
d1
;
- a = 4 cm khoang cach t trong tam cot thep tren va a=6 cm khoang
cach t trong tam cot thep di en mep be tong chu keo oi vi D
d2
;
- a = 8 cm khoang cach t trong tam cot thep di en mep be tong
chu keo oi vi D
d3
;
- a = 7 cm khoang cach t trong tam cot thep di en mep be tong
chu keo oi vi D
d4.

Bang 3.29 : ac trng vat lieu
Be tong B25 Cot thep CIII
R
b

(Mpa)
R
bt

(Mpa)
E
b

(MPa)
R
o
R

R
s

(Mpa)
R
sc

(Mpa)
E
s

(Mpa)
14.5 1.05 30x10
3
0.405 0.563 365 365 21x10
4

2
0
m
b b
M
R b h
o
=

1 1 2
m
o =
b b o
s
s
R b h
A
R

=
MAI AN BNH
min max
% .100
s
o
A
b h
< = <

min
0, 05% = ;
max
14.5
100% 0, 563 100% 2, 24%
365
b
R
s
R
R
= = =

Bang 3.30: Tnh thep doc dam ay
Ten
cau
kien
V
tr
M
kN.m
b
cm
ho
cm
m
cm

R
cm
A
s
tt
cm2

Chon thep %
Kie
m tra
so
thanh
A
s
chon

mm (cm
2
)
D
d1

Goi
trai
55.58 30 56 0.041 0.042 2.777 16 2 4.021 0.24 OK
Nh
p
400.46 30 53 0.328 0.413 26.089 20
+20
4+4 25.13 1.58 OK
Goi
pha
i
55.58 30 56 0.041 0.042 2.777 16 2 4.021 0.24 OK
D
d2

Goi
trai
46.62 30 56 0.034 0.035 2.321 16 2 4.021 0.24 OK
Nh
p
379.83 30 54 0.299 0.367 23.597 20+
20
4+4 25.13 1.55 OK
Goi
pha
i
46.62 30 56 0.034 0.035 2.321 16 2 4.021 0.24 OK
D
d3

Nh
p
902.12 30 72 0.400 0.553 47.442 28+
25
4+4 44.27 2.05 OK
D
d4

Nh
p
638.31 30 73 0.275 0.330 28.685 22 4+4 30.41 1.39 OK

Tnh cot ai nh dam nap ket qua nh sau:

R
b
(MPa) R
bt
(MPa) E
b
(MPa) R
sw
(MPa) E
s
(MPa)
14.5 1.05 30000 175 210000

ai s dung Cac he so
ai
(mm) n A
sw
(mm
2
) |
b2

b3

b4

n

f

8 2 100.53 0.01 2 0.6 1.5 0 0

Bang 3.33: Tnh cot ai dam ay
Cau kien Dd1 Dd2 Dd3 Dd4
Q (kN) 227.66 207.29 284.95 237.6
b (mm) 300 300 300 300
MAI AN BNH
h (mm) 600 600 800 800
a (mm) 40 40 40 40
h
o
(mm) 560 560 760 760
Q
o
(kN) 128.52 128.52 174.42 174.42
Kiem tra ieu kien tnh toan Tnh cot ai Tnh cot ai Tnh cot ai Tnh cot ai
Tnh cot ai
M
b
(kN.mm) 225792 225792 415872 415872
C
*
(mm) 1983.59 2178.51 2918.91 3500.61
C (mm) 1983.59 2178.51 2918.91 3500.61
C
o
(mm) 1120 1120 1520 1520
Q
b
(kN) 113.83 103.645 142.475 118.8
Q
bmin
(kN) 120.96 120.96 164.16 164.16
q
sw1
(kN/mm) 0.1 0.09 0.09 0.08
q
sw2
(kN/mm) 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11
q
sw
(kN/mm) 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11
s
tt
(mm) 159.93 159.93 159.93 159.93
s
ct
(mm) < 200 200 266.67 266.67
s
chon
(mm) 160 160 160 160
o
s
7 7 7 7
w
(mm
2
) 0.00209 0.00209 0.00209 0.00209
b1
(mm
2
) 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83
w1
(mm
2
) 1.07 1.07 1.07 1030.41
Q
bt
(mm
2
) 759.25 759.25 1030.41 1030.41
OK OK OK OK

Tnh cot treo :
He dam trc giao D
d1
va D
d2
( dam phu) c gac trc tiep len
he dam chnh D
d4
va D
d3
nen tai cho nay xuat hien mot lc tap trung
kha ln t dam phu truyen vao dam chnh nen phai bo tr cot treo
e tranh s pha hoai cuc bo.
d3
la P = 207,29 kN
Dien tch cot treo
2
207, 29
11, 85
17, 5
tr
sw
P
F cm
R
= = =
Ta co : h
4
= h
Dd4
h
Dd1
= 800 600 = 200 mm
Chon 8 ai |8 a50 bo tr moi ben mep dam D
d3
la 4 ai.
Dien tch cot thep vai bo ch V :
MAI AN BNH
F
V
=
0
. 11,85 8.1, 0053
2, 69
2.sin 2.sin 45
tr d sw
F n A
o

= = cm
2

Chon 3|12(F
V
= 3,39cm
2
) uon V bo tr di D
d3

d4
la P = 227,66 kN
Dien tch cot treo
2
227, 66
13, 01
17, 5
tr
sw
P
F cm
R
= = =
Ta co : h
4
= h
Dd4
h
Dd1
= 800 600 = 200 mm
Chon 8 ai |8 a50 bo tr moi ben mep dam D
d4
la 4 ai.
Dien tch cot thep vai bo ch V :
F
V
=
0
. 13, 01 8.1, 0053
3, 51
2.sin 2.sin 45
tr d sw
F n A
o

= = cm
2

Chon 3|14(F
V
= 4,618cm
2
) uon V bo tr di D
d4

3.3.6. Tnh cot ho nc

Hnh 3.17: phan lc goi ta dam nap & phan lc goi ta dam ay (kN)
e n gian trong tnh toan va xem ket qua gan ung ta xem cot nh
mot cau kien chu nen ung tam va bo qua momen do tai trong gio.
Chon tiet dien ngang cua cot la 300x300, bo tr 4|22( Fa = 15,200 cm
2
)
- Lc nen len cot (lay bang phan lc goi ta t ket qua giai
Sap cho he dam trc giao
Do dam nap ay
Lc 102.91 522.55
MAI AN BNH
nen(kN)
- Do trong lng ban than cua cot :
G
cot
= 0,3.0,3.(2+0.8).25.1,1 = 6,93 kN
- Tong lc nen N = 102.91 + 522.55 + 6.93 = 632,39 kN
- Kiem tra kha nang chu lc cua cot
N < [N]
gh
= (R
b
A
b
+ R
sc
A
st
)
Trong o :
R
b
, R
sc
cng o tnh toan chu nen cua be tong va cot thep ;
A
b
, A
sc
dien tch tiet dien be tong va toan bo thep doc CI ;
- he so giam kha nang chu lc do uon doc.
= 1,028 0,0000288
2
0,0016
= l
0
/i
min
o manh cua cot.

min
min
;
J
i
F
=

4
min
12
y x
a
J J J = = =

. 0, 7.(2 0.8) 1.96
o
l l m = = + =
N(kN) b(mm) h(mm) lo(m) [N](kN) KT
632,39 300 300 1.96 22.63213 0.9770368 1829.013 OK

3.4 bo tr thep ho nc.
Bo tr thep ho nc nh ban ve ket cau KC-01

CHNG 4
TNH TON CU THANG B

Trnh t tnh toan:
Gii thieu chung;
S bo chon kch thc tiet dien cau thang;
Tai trong tac dung len cau thang;
MAI AN BNH
Tnh toan cac bo phan cua cau thang;
Bo tr cot thep.
4.1. GI I THI EU CHUNG
Cau thang la bo phan ket cau cua cong trnh co muc ch phuc vu cho
viec giao thong theo phng ng cua ngi sinh song hoac lam viec trong
cong trnh o.
V tr cau thang phai am bao cho viec s dung cua nhieu ngi trong
nhng luc bnh thng cung nh khi co s co chay, no do o thiet ke
cau thang theo cac yeu cau sau:
Be rong phai am bao yeu cau i lai va thoat hiem;
Ket cau phai u kh nang chu lc, co o ben vng;
Co kha nang chong chay;
Thi cong de dang.
Trong trng hp ong ngi thoat hiem, cau thang phai chu mot tai
trong ong rat ln v vay cau thang can phai am bao u kha nang chu
lc, khong nt

4.2. S BO CHO N K CH THC TI ET DI EN CAU THANG

MAI AN BNH

Hnh 4.1: Kien truc cau thang.

Kch thc bac thang thoa man tnh thch dung chon theo 2h
b
+ l
b
= (6062) cm,
chon l
b
= 300mm, h
b
= 152mm rieng bac cuoi cung cao 160mm.
Tat ca co 21 bac thang ve 1 co 10 bac, ve 2 co 11 bac.
Goc nghieng cua ban thang 27
o

Chon chieu day ban thang va chieu ngh =
o
bt
L
h
25 35

, L
o
= 4,75m =>
( )
=
bt
h 13,6 19 cm, chon h
bt
= 14cm.
Chieu day ban chieu ti h
ct
= 10cm.
Chon tiet dien dam chieu ti =
o
d
L
h
10 12

chon h
d
= 35cm, b
d
= 20cm.

4.3.Tai trong tac dung len ban thang
a. chieu ngh, chieu ti
Trong lng ban than cac lp cau tao c xac nh theo cong thc:
g
c
=
i i i
n . .o (kN/m
2
) (4.1)
trong o:
i
- khoi lng cua lp th i;

i
o - chieu day cua lp th i;
n
i
- he so o tin cy cua lp th i.

Bang 4.1: Tai trong ban chieu ngh.
Cac lp cau tao o
i

(m)
i

(kN/m
3
)
He so tin
cay
g
tc

(kN/m
2
)
g
tc

(kN/m
2
)
MAI AN BNH
a hoa cng 0.01 20 1.1 0.20 0.22
Va xi mang 0.02 18 1.3 0.36 0.468
Ban be tong cot
thep
0.14 25 1.1 3.50 3.85
Va trat 0.015 18 1.3 0.27 0.351
Hoat tai 1.2 3 3.6
Tong 7.33 8.49

Bang 4.2 tai trong ban chieu ti.
Cac lp cau tao
o
i

(m)
i

(kN/m
3
)
He so tin
cay
g
tc

(kN/m
2
)
g
tc

(kN/m
2
)
a hoa cng 0.01 20 1.1 0.20 0.22
Va xi mang 0.02 18 1.3 0.36 0.468
Ban be tong cot
thep 0.1 25 1.1 2.50 2.75
Va trat 0.015 18 1.3 0.27 0.351
Hoat tai 1.2 3 3.6
Tong 6.33 7.39

b. ban thang(phan ban xien)
Trong lng ban than cac lp cau tao c xac nh theo cong thc:
g
b
= . .
i tdi i
n o
(kN/m
2
) (4.2)
trong o:
i
- khoi lng cua lp th i;

tdi
o - chieu day tng ng cua lp th i.
- oi vi cac lp gach ( a hoa cng, a mai) va lp va co
chieu day
i
o chieu day tng ng c xac nh nh sau:

b
i b b
tdi
l
h l o o
o
cos . ) ( +
=
o - goc nghieng cua bn thang.
- oi vi bac thang xay gach co kch thc l
b
, h
b
, chieu day tng
ng c xac nh nh sau:
cos
2
b
td
h o
o =
n
i
he so o tin cy cua lp th i.

Bang 4.3: Chieu day tng ng cac lp cau tao ban thang
Cac lp cau tao l
b
(m) h
b
(m) o (m) Goc (o) o
t
(m)
a hoa cng 0.3 0.152 0.01 27.00 0.013
Va xi mang 0.3 0.152 0.02 27.00 0.027
Bac gach xay 0.3 0.152 0.14 27.00 0.068

MAI AN BNH
Trong lng cua lan can g
tc
= 0.30 kN/m. Do o qui tai lan can tren n v
m
2
ban nghieng:
g
lc
tc

= 0.3 /1.5 = 0.2 (kN/m
2
).

Bang 4.4: Tai trong truyen len ban nghieng
Cac lp cau tao
o
(m)

(kN/m
3
)
He so tin
cay
g
tc

(kN/m
2
)
g
tt

(kN/m
2
)
a hoa cng 0.013 20 1.1 0.26 0.286
Va xi mang 0.027 18 1.3 0.49 0.6318
Bac gach xay 0.068 18 1.3 1.22 1.5912
Ban be tong cot
thep
0.14 25 1.1 3.5 3.85
Va xi mang 0.015 18 1.3 0.27 0.351
Tong(phng xin)
5.74 6.71
Tong(phng ng)
6.43 7.52
Lan can 1.3 0.2 0.26
Hoat tai 1.2 3 3.6
Tong 9.63 11.38

4.4. T NH TOAN CAC BO PHAN CUA CAU THANG
4.4.1. Tnh ban thang
a. s o tnh
Xem ban thang ve 1 va ve 2 nh ban 1 phng, 1 au ke len dam chieu
ti xem nh khp ( v h
d
/h
b
= 35/14 =2,5<3 ), 1 au ngam vao vach, tuy nhien do
ieu kien thi cong vach thi cong trc ban thang c thi cong sau lien ket
gia ban kho at ngam tuyet oi, e thien ve an toan chon s o 2 au
khp(v moment luc nay khong phai phan bo ve ngam) tnh toan sau o bo
tr thep cau tao tren goi.

Hnh 4.2: S o tnh va tai trong tac dung len ban thang.
b. xac nh noi lc
Phan tch noi lc s dung phan men sap V.11. ket qua nh sau:
MAI AN BNH
Ve 1:

Hnh 4.3: Bieu o momen ve 1 (kNm)

Hnh 4.4: Bieu o phan lc goi ve 1 (kN)

Ve 2:

Hnh 4.3: Bieu o momen ve 2 (kNm)

MAI AN BNH

Hnh 4.6: Bieu o phan lc goi ve 2 (kN)
c. Tnh cot thep
Ve 2 co noi lc ln hn, do o tnh thep cho ve 2 va bo tr thep chung cho
ca 2 ve.Ban thang c tnh nh cau kien chu uon.
Gia thiet tnh toan:
- a = 2 cm khoang cach t trong tam cot thep en mep be tong
chu keo;
- h
o
= 14 -2 = 12 cm chieu cao co ch cua tiet dien;
- b = 100cm be rong tnh toan cua dai

R
b

(Mpa)
R
bt

(Mpa)
E
b

(MPa)
R
o
R

R
s

(Mpa)
R
sc

(Mpa)
E
s

(Mpa)
14.5 1.05 30x10
3
0.427 0.618 225 225 21x10
4

2
0
m
b b
M
R b h
o
=

1 1 2
m
o =
b b o
s
s
R b h
A
R

=
min max
% .100
s
o
A
b h
< = <

min
0,1% = ;
max
14, 5
100% 0, 618 100% 3, 98%
225
b
R
s
R
R
= = =

Bang 4.6: Tnh cot thep ban thang
Ten
cau
kien
V tr M
(kN.m)
b
cm
h
o
cm
m
cm

cm
A
s
tt
cm
Chon thep % Kiem
tra
a A
s
chon

(mm) (mm) (cm
2
)

Ve
2
M
goi
trai
0 100 12 0.000 0 0 8 200 2.513 0.209 CT
M
+
max
9.74 100 12 0.047 0.047 3.696 10 160 4.909 0.409 OK
M
-
max
10.13 100 12 0.041 0.049 3.848 10 160 4.909 0.409 OK
M
goi
phai
0 100 12 0.000 0 0 8 200 2.513 0.209 CT

Ve
1
M
goi
trai
0 100 12 0.000 0 0 8 200 2.513 0.209 CT
M
+
max
9.59 100 12 0.039 0.046 3.637 10 160 4.909 0.409 OK
M
-
max
9.77 100 12 0.040 0.047 3.707 10 160 4.909 0.409 OK
MAI AN BNH
M
goi
phai
0 100 12 0.000 0 0 8 200 2.513 0.209 CT

4.4.2. Tnh ban chieu ti
a. S o tnh
Ban chieu ti kch thc 3,6x2,9m co
2
1
3, 6
1, 241 2
2, 9
l
l
= = < ban lam viec 2
phng. Tnh nh ban ke 4 au ngam, do 3 mat ngam vao vach( o cng
vach ln hn rat nhieu so vi o cng ban va thi cong cung luc vi san
tang). Mat con lai lien ket vi dam chieu ti co:
35
3
10
d
cn
h
h
= > , ban va dam
o toan khoi do o xem ban lien ket ngam vi dam chieu ti.

Hnh 4.4: s o tnh va noi lc cua ban chieu ti.
b. Xac nh noi lc
Xet ban ke 4 canh s o 9:
Momen dng ln nhat gia ban:
M
1
= m
91
.P (kNm);
M
2
= m
92
.P (kNm);
Momen am ln nhat goi:
M
I
= k
91
.P (kNm);
M
II
= k
92
.P (kNm);
Trong o:
m
91
, m
92
, k
91
, k
92
cac he so tra bang theo t so l
2
/l
1
;
l
2
, l
1
tng ng la canh dai va canh ngan cua ban chieu ngh;
P tong tai trong tac dung len chieu ngh;
M
1
, M
2
, M
I
,M
II
- cac momen dng, am ng vi phng canh ngan va canh dai
cua o ban.
Bang 4.7: Noi lc ban chieu ngh.
Kch
thc
q
(kN/m
2
)
P (kN) l
2
/l
1
MAI AN BNH
l
1
(m)
l
2

(m)
m
91
m
92
k
91
k
92
M
1
M
2
M
I
M
II

2.9 3.6 7.39 77.14 1.24 0.0206 0.0135 0.0472 0.0307 1.593 1.038 3.642 2.367
c. Tnh thep
Gia thiet tnh toan:
- a
1
= 1.5cm - khoang cach t trong tam cot thep theo phng
canh ngan
- a
2
= 2 cm - khoang cach t trong tam cot thep theo phng
canh dai
- h
0
0
= h
bn
a), tuy
theo
phng ang xet;

R
b

(Mpa)
R
bt

(Mpa)
E
b

(MPa)
R
o
R

R
s

(Mpa)
R
sc

(Mpa)
E
s

(Mpa)
14.5 1.05 30x10
3
0.427 0.618 225 225 21x10
4

2
0
m
b b
M
R b h
o
=

1 1 2
m
o =
b b o
s
s
R b h
A
R

=
min max
% .100
s
o
A
b h
< = <

min
0,1% = ;
max
14.5
100% 0, 618 100% 3, 98%
225
b
R
s
R
R
= = =

Bang 4.9: Tnh thep ban chieu ti.
V tr M
(kN.
m)
b
cm
h
o
cm
m
cm
R
cm
A
s
tt
cm
Chon thep %
Kie
m tra
a A
s
cho
n

(mm) (mm) (cm
2
)
Nhp
L
1
1.593 100 8.5 0.015 0.015 0.839 6 200 1.41 0.1664 OK
Nhp 1.038 100 8 0.011 0.011 0.580 6 200 1.41 0.1664 OK
R o
MAI AN BNH
L
2
Goi L
1
3.642 100 8.5 0.035 0.035 1.939 8 200 2.51 0.2956 OK
Goi L
2
2.367 100 8.5 0.023 0.023 1.252 8 200 2.51 0.2956 OK

4.4.3. Tnh dam chieu ti
a. S o tnh
Dam chieu ti thi cong cung luc vi san tang. o cng vach ln hn
rat nhieu so vi dam nen quan niem dam chieu ti ngam 2 au vao vach.
S o tnh la dam n gian 2 au ngam.

Hnh 4.5: S o tnh dam chieu ti.
b. tai trong tac dung len dam chieu ti
Trong lng ban than dam : 0, 2.0, 35.25 1,1 1, 925 /
d
g x kN m = = .
Tai trong do ban chieu ti truyen vao theo dien truyen tai hnh thang:

Hnh 4.6: S o truyen tai t ban len dam chieu ti
V
ct
=
1
7, 39.2, 9 10, 7155( / )
2
bct
q l kN m = =
Tai trong do ban thang truyen vao da vao ket qua phan lc goi cua 2 ve
thang:
V
bt1
= 49,42 kN/m;
V
bt2
= 50,41 kN/m.
Phan lc ngang coi nh truyen vao san.

MAI AN BNH

Hnh 4.7: S o tai trong tac dung len dam chieu ti.
c. Noi lc
Phan tch noi lc bang phan men sap V.11

Hnh 4.8: Bieu o lc cat dam chieu ti.

Hnh 4.9: Bieu o momen dam chieu ti.

d. Tnh cot thep
Tnh cot doc
Gia thiet tnh toan:
- a = 4 cm khoang cach t trong tam cot thep en mep be tong chu
keo;
- h
o
= 35 -4 = 31 cm chieu cao co ch cua tiet dien.

Be tong B25 Cot thep CII
R
b

(Mpa)
R
bt

(Mpa)
E
b

(MPa)
R
o
R

R
s

(Mpa)
R
sc

(Mpa)
E
s

(Mpa)
14.5 1.05 30x10
3
0.417 0.593 280 280 21x10
4

2
0
m
b b
M
R b h
o
=

MAI AN BNH
1 1 2
m
o =
b b o
s
s
R b h
A
R

=
min max
% .100
s
o
A
b h
< = <

min
0,1% = ;
max
14.5
100% 0, 593 100% 3, 07%
280
b
R
s
R
R
= = =

Bang 4.11: Tnh thep doc dam chieu ti.
V tr M
(kN.m)
b
cm
h
o
cm
m
cm
R
cm
A
s
tt
cm
Chon thep %
Kiem
tra
so
thanh
A
s
chon

mm cm
2

Goi
trai
58.030 20 31 0.208 0.236 7.580 18 3 7.63 1.23 OK
Nhp 26.830 20 31 0.096 0.101 3.256 18 2 5.089 0.82 OK
Goi
phai
57.650 20 31 0.207 0.234 7.523 18 3 7.63 1.23 OK

Tnh cot ai (theo cac muc 6.3.2.1 ti 6.2.3.4 TCVN 356-2005)
Bc 1: Chon so lieu au vao
- Chon cap o ben cua be tong: R
b
, R
bt
, E
b
.
- Chon loai cot ai: R
sw,
E
s
.
- Tra bang tm:
b2
,
b3,
b4 ,
|.

Bc 2: Kiem tra ve ieu kien tnh toan
Q
A
s Q
o
= 0.5
b4
(1 +
n
)R
bt
bh
o
Trong o:
R
bt
cng tnh toan ve keo cua be tong;
b, h
o
be rong, chieu cao lam viec cua tiet dien;

b4

n
he so ke en anh hng cua lc doc N(neu co).
Khi N la lc nen:

0.1
0.5
n
bt o
N
R bh
= s .
Khi N la lc keo:

0.2
n
bt o
N
R bh

= va
n
0.8 s .
- Neu thoa ieu kien th at cot ai theo cau tao.
- Neu khong thoa phai tnh cot ai.

Bc 3: Tnh toan cot ai
MAI AN BNH
- Tnh:
*
2
b
A
M
C
Q
=

Trong o:
Q
A
lc cat ln nhat trong pham vi oan dam can tnh toan;

2
2
(1 )
b b f n bt o
M R bh = + +
Vi:
b2

f
he so xet anh hng cua canh chu nen trong tiet
dien ch T
' '
0.75( )
f f
f
o
b b h
bh

= ,
f
s 0,5

'
f
b
'
3
f
b h s +
trong o:

'
f
b -be rong ban canh;

'
f
h - chieu cao ban canh;
(1 )
f n
+ + s 1,5.
- T C
*
xac nh C, C
o
theo bang:

Bang 4.12: Xac nh C, C
0

C
*
<h
o
h
o
2h
o
>2h
o
C h
o
C
*
C
*

C
o
C
*
C
*
2h
o

- Tnh:
sw1
A b
o
Q Q
q
C
= ;
b
b
M
Q
C
=
- Tnh:
min
sw2
2
b
o
Q
q
h
=
- Chon q
sw
= max ( q
w1
, q
w2
)
- Khoang cach cot ai theo tnh toan:

w w
sw
q
s s
tt
R A
s =
- Khoang cach cot ai theo cau tao:
min( ;150 )
2
ct
h
s mm s khi h < 450mm
min( ;300 )
3
ct
h
s mm s khi h > 450mm
s = min(s
tt
, s
ct
)

Bc 4: Kiem tra ieu kien be tong chu nen gia cac vet nt
nghieng
w1 1
0.3
A bt b b o
Q Q R bh s =
MAI AN BNH

w1 w
w
1
1 5
;
bs
1
s
s s
s
b
b b
E A
E
R
o
o
|
= +
= =
=

- Neu thoa ieu kien th bo tr cot ai
- Ngc lai, co the chon lai cot ai hoac tang tiet dien.

R
b
(MPa) R
bt
(MPa) E
b
(MPa) R
sw
(MPa) E
s
(MPa)
14.5 1.05 30000 225 210000

ai s dung Cac he so
ai
(mm) n A
sw
(mm
2
) |
b2

b3

b4

n

f

6 2 56.55 0.01 2 0.6 1.5 0 0

Bang 4.15: Tnh toan cot ai dam chieu ti.
V tr Goi trai Goi phai
Q (kN) 58.03 57.65
b (mm) 200.00
h (mm) 350.00
a (mm) 40.00
h
o
(mm) 310.00
Kiem tra ieu kien tnh toan
Q
o
(kN) 48.83 Tnh cot ai Tnh cot ai
Tnh cot ai
M
b
(kN.mm) 46128.00
C
*
(mm) 1589.80 1600.28
C (mm) 1589.80 1600.28
C
o
(mm) 620.00 620.00
Q
b
(mm
2
) 29.02 28.83
Q
bmin
(kN) 44.64
q
sw1
(kN/mm) 0.05 0.05
q
sw2
(kN/mm) 0.07 0.07
q
sw
(kN/mm) 0.07 0.07
s
tt
(mm) 137.45 137.45
s
ct
(mm) < 150.00 150.00
s
chon
(mm) 120 120
MAI AN BNH
o
s
7
w
(mm
2
) 0.0024 0.0024
b1
(mm
2
) 0.830 0.830
w1
(mm
2
) 1.08 1.08
Q
bt
(mm
2
) 282.42 282.42
Q
A
< Q
bt
OK OK

4.5. BO TR COT THEP
Bo tr thep cau thang nh ban ve KC-02

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O AN TOT NGHIEP KSXD KHOA 2006-2011 E TAI : TRUNG TAM THNG

lan lt la momen quan tnh oi vi truc trung hoa cua dien

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