.

,
( )

,


(. ,
, ,
.)
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 (1/2)
1 Mbps frame relay
4000 =>
4 ms

:
0
8 24 32 72 80 96 104 216 224 240 248 288 296 312 320
648 656 672 680 720 728 744 752 864 872 888 896 936 944 960 968

( )

20 ms:
0 72 216 288 648 720 864 936

40 ms:
0 216 648 864

(,
, , , ,
)
. - ,

 (2/2)

( )

. - ,

(,
)
( )


:


.

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 (1/3)

:
1.
2.
3.

[0, 1]
( )

: Si i

1.
2.
3.

S0 = [0, 1]
S1 = [0, 1/3] U [2/3, 1]
S2 = [0, 1/9] U [2/9, 1/3] U [2/3, 7/9] U [8/9, 1]
.

,

3
. - ,

 (2/3)

. - ,

 (3/3)

:

(
)

,

:

. - ,

 (1/2)

(
)



(
)

=>
( CBR ATM)
. - ,

 (2/2)

. - ,

 (continuous-time)
x(t)
H (0.5 H 1) a > 0,
a-Hx(at)
x(t) :
1.

( )

1.

()

1.

()

Ex t

Ex at
aH

Var x t

Var x at
a2H

R x t , s

R x at , as
a2H

H (Hurst)
:

H = 0.5 =>
H = 1 =>
(long-range)

. - ,

 (discrete-time)
x m x(m) = {xk(m), k = 0, 1, 2, }
,
m:
x (km )

km
1
xi
m i km ( m1)

(x(1) )
x (0 < < 1)
m = 1, 2, ... :
Var x
Var x (m)
m

R x(m) k R x k

H = 1 (/2)
x
k :
Var x
Var x (m)
m

R x(m) k R x k m

. - ,

Long-range
long-range
C()
R() - 2
short-range
:
C k ~ a

k , 0 a 1

C k
, long-range

k

C k ~ k

k , 0 1

H = 1 (/2)
C k
k

. - ,

 () (1/2)

,

X
:
1
1 F X PrX x ~ x , 0
x

,


k (k, > 0)
:
f x F x 0
f x

x k

k

k x

:
EX

k
F x 1
x

k
1

x k ; 0

2
1
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 () (2/2)

. - ,

 Ethernet

. - ,

Ethernet/ISDN

100000

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