Chng 1 TM HIU S DNG POWER WORLD

Cc bc thnh lp cc phn t ca mt mng in

1.1 Thnh lp mt thanh ci (bus)

Trn thanh Edit Toolbar click tri vo biu tng thanh ci

Sau click tri vo vng lm vic, chng trnh s hin ra mt hp thoi sau:

Trong :
Bus number v bus name l ni in s th t v tn ca thanh ci.

Vng hin th (display) cho php thanh ci t ngang (horizontal bar), t dc

(vertical bar), t hnh vng (oval), hay hnh ch nht (rectangle). Cc ch s
pixel thickness v display size dy v kch thc hin th ca thanh ci.
Area and zone in s th t v tn ca vng v hku vc nu nh mng in l
ln. Nominal voltage l in p nh mc ca thanh ci, voltage v angle
l in p (v) v gc pha in p () t ti thanh ci.
System slack bus chn nu ta mun bus l slack bus ca h thng. Mi
h thng phi c mt slack bus, v bus c chn phi l bus c ni vi my
pht.
Sau khi hon tt bm OK
1.2 Thnh lp mt my pht (generator)
Trn thanh Edit Toolbar chn vo biu tng my pht, sau click chut tri
vo vng lm vic (phi gn 1 bus c sn) ta s c mt hp thoi:

Ta c th in tn v s th t ca bus m my pht s ni vo, nu khi ta click

vao vng lm vic m gn mt bus sn c th chng trnh s t ng gn my
pht vo bus . Trng thi ca my pht Open l h mch, Closed l ng
mch vo h thng. Ta cng c th chnh kch thc hin th ca my pht ti
Display Information, v cng c th thay i hng hin th ca my pht l
bn tri (left), phi (right), ln (up) hay xung (down).
Mw and voltage control:

MW control: in cc gi tr P pht (MW output), gi tr nh nht (Min. MW

output) v ln nht (Max MW output) ca P pht. Cc la chn Available for
AGC v Enforce MW limit l t ng iu chnh v gii hn cng sut thc
pht.
Voltage control: in cc gi tr Q my pht (Mvar output), gi tr nh nht
(Min Mvar ) v gi tr ln nht (Max Mvar) ca Q my pht. Available for
AVR t ng iu chnh in p u cc my pht, setpoint voltage l in p
t u cc my pht.

Input/Output Curve

Chn cubic cost model xc nh ng cong chi ph my pht l dng:

C(Pgi) = (d*Pgi^3 + c*Pgi^2 + b*Pgi + a) * (fuel cost), chn piecewise
linear xc nh ng cong chi ph dng tuyn tnh ho.
Fule cots gi nhin liu,Number of break points l s im m ta mun gn
ng ng cong thnh nhng on thng.

Fault Parameters

Generator MVA Base l cng sut (S) c bn ca my pht.

Positive Sequence Internal Impedace :tng tr th t thun
Negative Sequence Internal Impedace: tng tr th t nghch
Zero Sequence Internal Impedace : tng tr th t khng.
Neutral-to-Ground Impedance: tng tr ni t.
Generator Step Transfomer: tng tr my bin p m hnh (mc nh l
khng c).
Sau khi thit lp cc thng s xong click OK.
My bin p
Trn thanh Edit Toolbar chn biu tng ca my bin p.

Sau s dng chut click vo hai thanh ci m my pht ni vo (ging v on

thng), ta c hp thoi sau:

Sau khi in tn v s th t ca 2 bus m my bin p ni vo (thng th

chng trnh s t ng lm vic ny), ta in cc gi tr tng tr R, L , C (hay B)
vo cc tng ng : Resistance, Reactance, Charging.
Limit A, Limit B, Limit C l cc gii hn cng sut ca my bin p,
chng trnh cho php s dng 3 gi tr gii hn khc nhau.

Click vo Fault Parameters s hin ra hp thoi nh trn, in cc gi tr tng

tr th t khng vo cc R, X, C (thng thng chng trnh s t in cc gi
tr ny khi ta din tng tr th t thun. Conffiguration chn kiu u ca
cc cun dy bin p. Sau khi thit lp cc thng s xong click OK kt qu c
nh hnh sau:

1.3 ng dy
Trn thanh Edit Toolbar chn vo biu tng ca ng dy.

Sau khi chn xong tng t my bin p, ta cng v ng dy gia hai thanh ci
ging nh v mt ng thng trong Paint vy. Sau khi v xong ta cng c 1
hp thoi nh sau:

Hon ton tng t my bin p, ta cng in cc thng s in p nh mc

(thng mc nh theo bus), tng tr, gi tr cng sut truyn ti a

1.4 Ti.
Trn thanh Edit Toolbar chn biu tng ca ti, nh hnh sau:

Sau click vo gn bus m ta mun t ti, ta c mt hp thoi sau:

Tng t nh cc thnh phn khc, sau khi thit lp cc thuc tnh hin th (kch
thc, hng quay..), ta cn in vo cc gi tr cng sut tiu th ( MW
Value: cng sut thc v Mvar Value: cng sut phn khng tiu th). Sau
nhn OK. Kt qu c nh hnh sau:

1.5 My b
Trn thanh Edit Toolbar, chn biu tng ca my b, nh hnh sau:

Tng t nh ti ta cng click vo thanh ci cn b, ta c hp thoi sau:

Tng t cc thit b khc ta cng t cc thng s hin th (display). Sau t

gi tr b nh mc (Nominal Mvar). Chn cc ch iu khin Fixed :t
ng, Discrete v Continous l ch thit lp cc gi tr in p cao nht v
thp nht cho php so vi gi tr mong mun v chia ra nhiu bc nh khi b.
Sau khi thit lp xong ta c kt qu nh sau:

Cc vn khi vn hnh.

2.1 Chy mt h thng (case)

Sau khi thit lp ht cc thng s ta bm Run Mode trn thanh Toolbar, sau
bm nt Play.V d nh ta thit lp c mt case nh sau:

2.2 Thay i ti:

V d ta ly mt h thng c s nh trn. By gi mun thay i ti thanh ci
ba ta lm nh sau:
Cch 1: click phi vo ti , sau khi hp thoi hin ra, ta thay i gi tr MW
Value hay Mvar Value tng ng vi cng sut tc dng v phn khng, v d
y thay i l 200MW v 100 Mvar, sau OK.
Cch 2: click phi vo 1 trong hai gi tr P v Q ca ti, ta s nhn c mt hp
thoi sau:

Thay i gi tr Delta per Mouse Click (mc nh l khng), gi tr ny th

hin vic tng hay gim i mt lng nh th ng vi mi ln click chut vo nt
tng gim ti, chng hn y chn gi tr l 50, th ng vi mi ln thay i bng
ng tc click chut ta s tng hay gim cng sut tc dng hay phn khng mt
lng 50 MW (hay 50 Mvar). Sau nhn OK ta s c kt qu nh sau:
0.000 MW
199.953 MW
200.0 MW
7.5 MVR

7.471 MVR

nam

bon

ba

58.496 MVR
1.050 pu

mot

1.050 pu
200 MW
1.050 pu
0.000 Deg

1.049 pu

1.050 pu

-2.080 Deg

-4.310 Deg

1.050 pu
-2.823 Deg

hai

100 MW
103 MVR

100 MVR
100 MW

1.050 pu
-5.349 Deg

50 MVR

By gi ta ch vic click chut vo nt tng hay gim ca P hay Q tng ng.

Chng hn c gi tr P= 100MW v Q= 100 Mvar, ta bm gim P 2 ln v
tng Q 1 ln. Kt qu c nh sau:
100.020 MW
100.0 MW
1.5 MVR

0.000 MW
nam

bon

1.493 MVR

ba

102.634 MVR
1.050 pu

mot

1.050 pu
100 MW
1.050 pu
0.000 Deg

1.050 pu

1.050 pu

-1.040 Deg

-2.154 Deg

1.050 pu
-1.411 Deg

1.050 pu

100 MVR

-2.673 Deg

hai

100 MW
101 MVR

100 MVR
100 MW

2.3 Thay i cng sut pht ca my pht:

Tng t nh ti ta cng c hai cch thay i cng sut pht ca my pht.
Cch 1: Click chut phi vo my pht cn thay i, chn Infomation Dialog
, mt hp thoi ging nh khi ta t thng s cho my pht hin ra, sau thay
i cc gi tr mong mun.
Cch 2: Click chut phi vo gi tr ca P pht hay Q pht ca my pht ang hin
th. Tng t nh ti, ta cng c 1 hp thoi, v thay i gi tr Delta Per
Mouse Click.

V d thay i cng sut ca my pht thanh ci hai, chn gi tr Delta per

Mouse Click l 50, thay i P=150 MW v Q =50Mvar, ta c nh sau:
0.000 MW
50.000 MW

50.0 MW
25.4 MVR

25.381 MVR

nam

bon

ba

129.130 MVR
1.050 pu

mot

1.050 pu
100 MW
1.050 pu
0.000 Deg

1.045 pu

1.047 pu

-0.522 Deg

-1.459 Deg

1.030 pu
0.052 Deg

1.050 pu

100 MVR

-1.980 Deg

hai

150 MW
50 MVR

100 MVR
100 MW

2.4 Thay i in p u cc my pht

thay i in p u cc my pht ta click phi vo my pht cn thay i, sau
chn Information Dialog ,khi hp thoi hin ra ta thay i gi tr
Desired Reg. Bus Voltage thnh gi tr m ta mong mun, sau bm OK.
Quay li v d trc, cc my pht u ang c in p u cc l 1.05pu, by gi
ta gim v 1pu i vi tt c my pht. Khi hp thoi hin ra, sau khi thay i my
pht u tin, ta bm nt save, ri bm nt ln thit t cho my pht khc:

Kt qu thu c nh hnh sau:

0.000 MW
50.000 MW

50.0 MW
25.6 MVR

25.559 MVR

nam

bon

ba

129.407 MVR
1.000 pu

mot

1.000 pu
100 MW
1.000 pu
0.000 Deg

0.995 pu

0.997 pu

-0.576 Deg

-1.609 Deg

0.978 pu
0.059 Deg

1.000 pu

100 MVR

-2.184 Deg

hai

150 MW
50 MVR

100 MVR
100 MW

2.5 Ct mt phn t ang hot ng trn mt mng in

Tt c cc phn t trong mt mng in u c th ct c d dng ra khi h
thng bng my ct, ch tr my pht ti System Slack Bus. Cch ct cc phn
t cng thc hin bng hai cch.
Cch 1: Click phi vo phn t , chn Information.., ti status chn Open,
v d nh my pht chng hn:

Cch 2: Click chut tri vo my ct ni phn t vi h thng. S dng v d

trc, chng hn ct my ct ti thanh ci hai:
0.000 MW
199.994 MW

200.0 MW
59.7 MVR

nam

59.682 MVR

bon

ba

161.754 MVR
1.000 pu

mot

1.000 pu
100 MW
1.000 pu
0.000 Deg

0.989 pu

0.994 pu

-2.318 Deg

-3.994 Deg

0.955 pu
-4.898 Deg

100 MVR

1.000 pu
-4.571 Deg

hai

0 MW
0 MVR

100 MVR
100 MW

Ct lun ti ti thanh ci ny lun:

0.000 MW
99.989 MW

100.0 MW
2.6 MVR

nam

2.562 MVR

bon

ba

102.561 MVR
1.000 pu

mot

1.000 pu
100 MW
1.000 pu
0.000 Deg

1.000 pu

1.000 pu

-1.146 Deg

-2.375 Deg

1.000 pu
-1.555 Deg

hai

0 MW
0 MVR

0 MVR
0 MW

Tip tc ct ng dy 5-4:

1.000 pu
-2.948 Deg

100 MVR

0.000 MW
100.000 MW

100.0 MW
9.1 MVR

nam

9.074 MVR

bon

ba

109.074 MVR
1.000 pu

mot

1.000 pu
100 MW
1.000 pu
0.000 Deg

0.998 pu

0.999 pu

-1.148 Deg

-9.796 Deg

0.996 pu
-4.030 Deg

100 MVR

1.000 pu
-10.370 Deg

hai

0 MW
0 MVR

0 MVR
0 MW

ng li, ta lm tng t, bm vo my ct (tng t cho bt k phn t no):

0.000 MW
100.000 MW
100.0 MW
2.6 MVR

nam

bon

2.573 MVR

ba

102.574 MVR
1.000 pu

mot

1.000 pu
100 MW
1.000 pu

1.000 pu

1.000 pu

-1.146 Deg

-2.375 Deg

0.000 Deg

1.000 pu
-1.556 Deg

hai

0 MW
0 MVR

0 MVR
0 MW

1.000 pu
-2.948 Deg

100 MVR

Cc bc tnh ton ngn mch

C hai cch thc hin ngn mch

Cch 1: bm vo nt Fault trn thanh Toolbar

Cch 2: Click chut phi vo thanh ci cn tnh ngn mch, chn Fault, sau
ta c hp thoi nh sau (ly v d trc):

Ta c th chn cc thanh ci khc, sau chn cc lai ngn mch ri bm nt

Calculate, v d y chn thanh ci 5 v loi ngn mch 3 pha, kt qu nh
sau:

Dng ngn mch c th hin trong khung Fautl curent, vi gi tr bin l

Magnitude (pu), v gc pha l Angle (). Cc gi tr khc th hin bng.
theo th t:
Bus: in p cc thanh ci khi xy ra ngn mch.
Line: Dng pha trn cc ng dy khi xy ra ngn mch.
Generator: dng pha trn cc my pht khi xy ra ngn mch.
Load: dng pha trn cc ti khi xy ra ngn mch.
Switched Shurts: dng pha trn cc my b khi xy ra ngn mch.
thy c dng in khi ngn mch chy trn cc ng dy, ta thu nh hp
thoi ngn mch xung, nhn vo mi tn cnh nt fault, chn ch hin th,
v d pha A.

Kt qu thu c nh sau:
17.597 pu
15.565 pu
15.6 pu

nam

bon

ba

mot
0.311 pu

0.311 pu

0.000 pu

0.464 pu

0.000 deg

-2.328 deg

1.274 deg

0.624 pu
0.951 deg

0.633 pu
-2.650 deg

hai

15 pu

Ta cng c th cho hin c 3 pha nh sau:

15.6 pu
15.6 pu
15.6 pu

mot

15.565 pu
15.565 pu
15.565 pu

nam

bon

ba

17.597 pu
17.597 pu
17.597 pu

0.311 pu
0.311 pu
0.311 pu
0.311 pu 1.274 deg
0.311 pu -118.726 deg
0.311 pu 121.274 deg

0.000 pu0.000 deg

0.000 pu0.000 deg
0.000 pu0.000 deg

0.624 pu 0.951 deg

0.624 pu -119.049 deg
0.624 pu 120.951 deg
15 pu
15 pu
15 pu

0.464 pu -2.328 deg

0.464 pu -122.328 deg
0.464 pu 117.672 deg

hai

Lm mt cch tng t cho cc dng ngn mch khc.

0.633 pu -2.650 deg

0.633 pu -122.650 deg
0.633 pu 117.350 deg

Chng 1 TM HIU S DNG POWER WORLD ............................................. 1

1 Cc bc thnh lp cc phn t ca mt mng in .................................... 1
1.1 Thnh lp mt thanh ci (bus) ............................................................... 1
1.2 Thnh lp mt my pht (generator) ..................................................... 2
1.3 ng dy ............................................................................................. 7
1.4 Ti. ......................................................................................................... 9
1.5 My b ................................................................................................. 10
2 Cc vn khi vn hnh. ............................................................................ 12
2.1 Chy mt h thng (case) .................................................................... 12
2.2 Thay i ti: ......................................................................................... 12
2.3 Thay i cng sut pht ca my pht: ............................................... 14
2.4 Thay i in p u cc my pht ..................................................... 15
2.5 Ct mt phn t ang hot ng trn mt mng in ......................... 16
3 Cc bc tnh ton ngn mch .................................................................... 19