KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

Self Access Learning Module

Self Access Learning Module


Computer ard!are
Computer ard!are


S"stem #nit
S"stem #nit
PUSAT PERKEMBANGAN KURIKULUM
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

ICT Literacy for ICT Literacy for
Secondary School Secondary School
Programme Programme
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
MODULE 3
SYSTEM UNIT
Curriculum Development Centre
Ministry of Education Malaysia
1
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
! Name of Module " System Unit
#! Learnin$ Outcomes" Students should be able to:
a. dent!" the #o$%onents o! a s"ste$ unt
b. state the !un#tons o! the $an #o$%onents o! a s"ste$ unt
#. state the !un#tons o! &PU' RAM' R(M and e)%anson slots !ound on
the $othe*boa*d
3! %no&led$e and S'ills
1. dent!" the $an #o$%onents n the #o$%ute* s"ste$
(! Module Summary" At the end o! the $odule' students should be
1. dent!" the $an #o$%onents o! a s"ste$ unt and $othe*boa*d
+. state the !un#tons o! the $an #o$%onents o! a s"ste$ unt
,. state the !un#tons o! &PU' RAM' R(M and e)%anson slots
Ths $odule #ontans + a#t-tes:
)ctivity " Identify t*e components of a system unit
)ctivity # " Identify t*e components of a mot*er+oard
Note "
As "ou a*e don. ths $odule' use a #o$%ute* n the lab to dent!" the #o$%onents n the
s"ste$ unt.
+
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
)ctivity " Identifyin$ t*e components of a system unit
a! ,*at is system unit-
S"ste$ unt s a bo)/l0e #ase that #ontans ele#t*on# #o$%onents o! the #o$%ute*. It s
so$et$es #alled c*assis. 1.u*e 1 sho2s a !e2 e)a$%les o! s"ste$ unt.
,
.i$ure E/amples of System Unit
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
+! Inside vie& of system unit
3
.i$ure # Internal vie& of a System Unit
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
c! .ront layer of a system unit
4
DVD-ROM drive
CD-ROM/CD-RW drive
Zip drive
Floppy disk drive
Empty drive bay
Power butto
Reset butto
.i$ure 3 .ront 0ie& of a System Unit
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
d! Input 1 Output port 2 I1O port 3
5

!eyboard
"elep#oe lie i
$ame port
Moitor
svideo out
%etwork
&'(
'erial port
Mi)rop#oe
Power port
&'(
Mouse
'peaker
"elep#oe lie out
FM re)eptio
Priter
* Parallel port +
Cable "V
.i$ure ( 4ac' 0ie& of a System Unit
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
e! .unctions of t*e main components of a system unit
No! Components .unctions
1. In%ut 6 (ut%ut %o*t
7I6( %o*t8
A %o*t s the %ont at 2h#h a %e*%he*al atta#hes to a s"ste$ unt so
that the %e*%he*al s able to send data and *e#e-e n!o*$aton !*o$
the #o$%ute*.
An e)te*nal de-#e' su#h as a 0e"boa*d' $onto*' %*nte*' $ouse
and $#*o%hone' that s atta#hed b" a #able to a %o*t on the s"ste$
unt.
The ba#0 o! the s"ste$ unt #ontans so $an" %o*ts. So$e ne2e*
%e*sonal #o$%ute*s also ha-e %o*ts on the !*ont o! the s"ste$ unt.
Po*ts ha-e d!!e*ent t"%es o! #onne#to*s. A #onne#to* 9ons a #able
to a %e*%he*al. (ne end o! a #able atta#hes to the #onne#to* on the
s"ste$ unt and the othe* end o! the #able atta#hes to a #onne#to*
on the %e*%he*al.
+. Po2e* button To tu*n the #o$%ute* on
,. Reset button Restatn. the #o$%ute*' nst*u#ts the #o$%ute* to .o th*ou.h the
%*o#ess o! shuttn. do2n' 2h#h 2ould #lea* the $e$o*" and *eset
de-#es to the* ntal:ed state. It s$%l" *e$o-es %o2e*
$$edatel".
3. Mothe*boa*d Man #*#ut boa*d o! the s"ste$ unt' t has so$e ele#t*on#
#o$%onents atta#hed to t.
4. Po2e* Su%%l" &on-e*ts standa*d ele#t*#al %o2e* nto a !o*$ that' the #o$%ute*
#an use. I! a %o2e* su%%l" s not %*o-dn. the ne#essa*" %o2e*'
the #o$%ute* 2ll not !un#ton %*o%e*l".
5. ;<;/R(M d*-e A de-#e that *eads ;<;/R(M' audo &;s' &;/R(MSs' &;/Rs and
&;/R=s.
>. &;/R(M d*-e A de-#e that *eads audo &;s' &;/R(Ms' &;/Rs and &;/R=s.
?. ;<;6&;/R= d*-e A #o$bnaton d*-e that *eads ;<; and &; $eda' and 2*tes to
&;/R= $eda.
@. A% d*-e A h.h/#a%a#t" ds0 d*-e that *eads !*o$ and 2*tes on a A% ds0.
1B. 1lo%%" d*-e A de-#e that *eads !*o$ and 2*tes on a !lo%%" ds0
11. Ca*d ds0 d*-e A T"%e o! sto*a.e de-#e that #ontans one o* $o*e n!le)ble'
#*#ula* %latte*s that sto*e data' nst*u#tons and n!o*$aton.
>
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
)ctivity # " Identify t*e components of a mot*er+oard
a! Components of a mot*er+oard
The $othe*boa*d s the $an #*#ut boa*d o! the s"ste$ unt' t has so$e ele#t*on#
#o$%onents atta#hed to t. 1.u*e 4 sho2s the #o$%onents o! a $othe*boa*d.
?
E/pansion
slots
2 loo' at fi$ure 5 3
for 6)M
.i$ure 7 Layout of a mot*er+oard
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
.i$ure 5 E/amples of E/pansion Card and E/pansion Slots
@
E/pansion
Card
E/pansion
Slots
C8U
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
+! .unctions of t*e components of t*e mot*er+oard
No! Components .unctions
1. &ent*al
P*o#essn. Unt
7&PU8
A &ent*al P*o#essn. Unt o* &PU s a $#*o%*o#esso*
7%*o#esso* !o* sho*t8. It s an nte.*ated #*#ut #h% that s
#a%able o! %*o#essn. ele#t*on# s.nals. The &PU s the $ost
$%o*tant ele$ent n a #o$%ute* s"ste$.
A &PU nte*%*ets nst*u#tons .-en b" the so!t2a*e and #a**es
out those nst*u#tons b" %*o#essn. data and #ont*olln. the
*est o! the #o$%ute*Ds #o$%onent.
+. Rando$ A##ess
Me$o*" 7RAM8
RAM s nstalled nsde #o$%ute*s. RAM s also 0no2n as a
2o*0n. $e$o*".
The data n RAM #an be *ead 7*et*e-ed8 o* 2*tten 7sto*ed8.
RAM s -olatle 2h#h $eans the %*o.*a$$es and data n RAM
a*e lost 2hen the #o$%ute* s %o2e*ed o!!.
A #o$%ute* uses RAM to hold te$%o*a*" nst*u#tons and data
needed to #o$%lete tas0s. Ths enables the #o$%ute*Es &PU
7&ent*al P*o#essn. Unt8 to a##ess nst*u#tons and data
sto*ed n the $e$o*" -e*" Fu#0l".
RAM sto*es data du*n. and a!te* %*o#essn..
,. Read (nl"
Me$o*" 7R(M8
R(M s anothe* t"%e o! $e$o*" %e*$anentl" sto*ed nsde the
#o$%ute*.
R(M s non/-olatle. It holds the %*o.*a$s and data 2hen the
#o$%ute* s %o2e*ed o!!.
P*o.*a$$es n R(M ha-e been %*e/*e#o*ded. It #an onl" be
sto*ed b" the $anu!a#tu*e*G on#e t s done' t #annot be
#han.ed.
Man" #o$%le) !un#tons' su#h as sta*t u% o%e*atn.
nst*u#tons' t*anslato*s !o* h.h/le-el lan.ua.es and o%e*atn.
s"ste$s a*e %la#ed n R(M $e$o*".
All the #ontents n R(M #an be a##essed and *ead but #annot
be #han.ed.
3. E)%anson Slots E)%anson slots a*e the so#0ets 2he*e the #*#ut boa*ds o* the
ada%te* #a*ds #an be nse*ted nto the $othe*boa*d' su#h as
-deo a##ele*aton' sound o* ds0 d*-e #ont*ol.
1B
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
Overvie& of t*e components of a system unit
11
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
System Unit
E/ercise
Label the s"ste$ unt belo2 2th the 2o*ds .-en.
E/pansion
Cards
8o&er Supply 9ip Drive :ard Dis' Drive .loppy Drive
6)M Mot*er 4oard CD1D0D Drive
E/pansion
Slots
C8U C*ip
1+
:ard Dis' Drive
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
E/ercise #
Loo0 at the da.*a$ #a*e!ull" and $at#h the$ to the na$e o! the %o*ts n the table usn.
nu$be*s. =*te "ou* ans2e*s n the nu$be* #olu$n as sho2n n Nu$be* 1.
1,
No
La+el of t*e ports

8o&er port
USB %o*t
<GA %o*t 7Monto* ds%la"8
Se*al %o*t 7Mode$8
PS+ %o*t 7Mouse8
Ga$e %o*t 7Jo"st#08
Audo %o*ts 7s%ea0e*' head%hone
and $#*o%hone8
Pa*allel %o*t 7%*nte* %o*t8
PS+ %o*t 70e"boa*d8
;
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
E/ercise 3
Na$e the #o$%onent %a*ts o! the $othe*boa*d. =*te "ou* ans2e*s n the bo)es .-en.
13
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
E/ercise (
Ma*0 HT< !o* state$ents that a*e HTrue< and H.< !o* state$ents that a*e H.alse< on the lnes
.-en.
1. The %*o#esso* 7&PU8 nte*%*ets and #a**es out the bas# nst*u#tons that
o%e*ate a #o$%ute*.
+. &o$%ute*s #an use onl" one %*o#esso* at a t$e.

,. R(M s the $an #*#ut boa*d o! the s"ste$ unt.
3. E)%anson slot s a so#0et on the $othe*boa*d that #an hold an ada%te*
#a*d.
4. RAM s non/-olatle
5. The $ost $%o*tant #h% on the $an #*#ut boa*d s the $#*o%*o#esso*
#h%.
>. In%ut 6 out%ut %o*t s the %ont at 2h#h a %e*%he*al s atta#hed to a s"ste$
unt so that the %e*%he*al #an send data to and *e#e-e n!o*$aton !*o$
the #o$%ute*.
?. Reset button s to sta*t the #o$%ute*.
@. A de-#e that *eads !*o$ and 2*tes on a !lo%%" ds0 s #alled a ha*d ds0
d*-es.
1B. Po2e* su%%l" #on-e*ts standa*d ele#t*#al %o2e* nto a !o*$ that #o$%ute*
#an use.
14
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
E/ercise 7
1ll n the blan0 2th the #o**e#t na$e o! #o$%onents and !un#tons.
No! Components .unctions
1. In%ut6(ut%ut %o*t
7I6( %o*t8
+. To sta*t on #o$%ute*
,. Reset button
3. Man #*#ut boa*d o! the s"ste$ unt' 2h#h has so$e ele#t*on#
#o$%onents atta#hed to t and othe*s bult nto t.
4. &on-e*t standa*d ele#t*#al %o2e* nto a !o*$ that #o$%ute* #an
use.
5. ;<;/R(M d*-e
>.
&;/R(M d*-e
?.
Ths d*-e also allo2s 2at#hn. a ;<; o* bu*n a &;.
@.
A h.h/#a%a#t" ds0 d*-e that *eads !*o$ and 2*tes on a A% ds0.
1B.
1lo%%" d*-e
11. T"%e o! sto*a.e de-#e that #ontans one o* $o*e n!le)ble' #*#ula*
%latte*s that sto*es data' nst*u#tons and n!o*$aton.
15
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
E/ercise 5
=*te the d!!e*en#es bet2een %*$a*" sto*a.e RAM and R(M n the table .-en belo2.
6)M 6OM
1>
ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module
6eference
&ash$an' S. 7+BB58 Discovering Computers 2006. USA : Tho$son &ou*se Te#hnolo.".
Ib*ah$ Ah$ad' Mohd Ca!: et al 7+BB>8 Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
Based on S! Sylla"us. Selan.o*: <enton Publshn. 7M8 Sdn Bhd.
N&& Edu#aton 7+BB+8 Computer Studies# Computer $ce. S* Lan0a : &o$%ute* Ponee*s.
IBas# &o$%utn. 7+BB,8 b" TMEdu Te#h 7M8 Sdn Bhd
htt%:66222.20%eda.o*.
htt%:66$a.es.sea*#h."ahoo.#o$
htt%:66222..oo.le.#o$.$"
&; #ou*se2a*e I&T
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