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GANDHRA, Arte del (v.vol. III, p. 776). - Si intende oggi con arte del G. !na prod!

"ione
arti#tica, prevalente$ente rappre#entata da rilievi in pietra o in $ateriale pla#tico (argilla,
#t!cco), doc!$entata nel Nord-%ve#t del #!&continente indiano ('a(i#tan #ettentrionale) e in
A)g*ani#tan a partire dall+ini"io della no#tra era. ,ale prod!"ione - caratteri""ata dall+e##ere .!a#i
e#cl!/iva$ente di #oggetto &!dd*i#tico (i rilievi del G. )acevano parte in)atti di $on!$enti
religio#i &!dd*i#tici0 #t1pa, vi*2ra) e dal pre#entare, dal p!nto di vi#ta #tili#tico e iconogra)ico, la
concorren"a di ele$enti di tradi"ione diver#a0 indiana, iranica, elleni#tica.
Si vedano inoltre le voci0 A)g*ani#tan3 42$i52n3 4!dd*a3 &!t(ara3 Dil&er6in3 g*a"na3 *adda3
indiana, arte3 (a&!l3 (ani#(a3 (ara tepe3 (!#2na, arte3 'a(i#tan3 #tele3 #t!cco3 #t1pa3 S72t.
4i&l.0 8ra le opere di carattere generale0 9. :. Ro#en)ield, ,*e D5na#tie Art# o) t*e
;!#*an#, 4er(ele5-<o# Angele# =>673 :. Hallade, Inde. ?n $ill@naire d+art &o!dd*i.!e. Rencontre
de l+%rient et de l+%ccident, 'arigi =>6A3 B. Sta7i#(i,:ittela#ien - ;!n#t der ;!#c*an, <ip#ia =>7>3
G. C. '!gaDen(ova, I#(!##tvo Gand(*ar5 (<+arte del Gand*2ra), :o#ca =>AE3 :.
4!##agli, <+arte del Gand*2ra, ,orino =>AF3 8. ,i##ot, Gand*2ra, 'arigi =>AG3 S. <. e 9. H.
H!ntington,,*e Art o) Ancient India0 4!dd*i#t, Hind!, 9ain, Ne7 Ior(-,o(5o =>AG3 A. ;. Narain
(ed.), St!die# in 4!dd*i#t Art o) So!t* A#ia, N!ova Del*i =>AG (#aggi di C. J. Narain, 9. H.
H!ntington, 9. Hri&&, 9. A. Rad!c*a, :. <. Harter)3 9. H. Harle, ,*e Art and Arc*itect!re o) t*e
Indian S!&continent, Har$ond#7ort* =>A63 4. 9. Stavi#(iK, <a 4actriane #o!# le# ;!#*an#.
'ro&l-$e# d+*i#toire et de c!lt!re, 'arigi =>A63 8. ,i##ot, <e# art# ancien# d! 'a(i#tan et de
l+A)g*ani#tan, 'arigi =>A73 <. Ne*r!, %rigin# o) t*e Gand*2ran St5le. A St!d5 o) Hontri&!tor5
In)l!ence#, Del*i =>A>3 :. ,addei, Arte narrativa tra India e $ondo elleni#tico (Hon)eren"e
I#:L%, G), Ro$a =>>M.
'er l+origine dell+i$$agine del 4!dd*a0 9. L. van <o*!i"en-de <ee!7, Ne7 Lvidence 7it* Regard
to t*e %rigin o) t*e 4!dd*a I$age, in H. HNrtel (ed.), SAA =>7>, 4erlino =>A=, pp. M77-FOO3 9.
Hri&&, ,*e %rigin o) t*e 4!dd*a I$age. ,*e N!$i#$atic Lvidence, in 4. Allc*in (ed.), SAA
=>A=, Ha$&ridge =>AF, pp. EM=-EFF3 R. GP&l, Die 4!dd*a-Dar#tell!ngen in der :1n"prNg!ng der
;!Q2n, in G*. Gnoli, <. <anciotti (ed.), %rientalia Io#ep*i ,!cci :e$oriae Dicata, II, Ro$a =>A7,
pp. GMG-GMA3 :. <. Harter, A Gand*aran 4ron"e 4!dd*a Stat!ette0 It# 'lace in t*e Lvol!tion o) t*e
4!dd*a I$age in Gand*ara, in :arg, RRRIR, F, =>AA, pp. E=-MA3 I. ;ri#*an, ,*e L$ergence o)
t*e 4!dd*a I$age, Gand*ara ver#!# :at*!ra, in%riental Art, RRRIS, F, =>AA-A>, pp. EGG-E7G.
'er la cronologia dell+arte del G., !na ra##egna aggiornata e ricca di o##erva"ioni originali - .!ella
di G. 8!##$an, N!$i#$atic and Lpigrap*ic Lvidence )or t*e H*ronolog5 o) Larl5 Gand*aran
Art, in :. Ialdi", T. <o&o (ed.), Inve#tigating Indian Art, 4erlino =>A7, pp. 67-AA. - Altre
i$portanti ra##egne #ono0 G. 8!##$an,H*roni.!e de# @t!de# (o!c*ane# (=>7G-=>77), in 9o!rnal
A#iati.!e, =>7A, pp. F=>-FM63 id., H*roni.!e de# @t!de# (o!c*ane# (=>7A-=>A7), i&id., =>A7, pp.
MMM-FOO. - 'er !na propo#ta di cronologia tarda0 G. von :itter7allner, ,*e 4r!##el# 4!dd*a )ro$
Gand*ara o) t*e Iear G, in :. Ialdi", T. <o&o (ed.), op. cit., pp. E=M-EF7. - Altri contri&!ti0 G.
8!##$an, ?n 4!dd*a in#crit de# d@&!t# de notre -re, in 4L8L%,<RRIS, =>AG, pp. FM-FG3 id., Hoin
Depo#it# in Nort*-Te#t India St!pa# and ,*eir :eaning )or t*e Arc*aeologi#t, in '. <. G!pta, A.
;. 9*a (ed.), N!$i#$atic# and Arc*aeolog5, 4enare# =>A7, pp. ==-=G3 D. T. :ac Do7all, ,*e
H*ronological Lvidence o) Hoin# in St1pa Depo#it#, in :. ,addei (ed.), SAA =>A7, II, Ro$a =>>O,
pp. 7E7-7MG.
'er la .!e#tione dell+in)l!en"a ro$ana0 R. GP&l, Ro$an 'attern# )or ;!#*Nna Hoin#, in 9NSI, RRII,
=>6O, pp. 7F->63 D. A*ren#, Die rP$i#c*en Gr!ndlagen der Gand*ara(!n#t, :Un#ter =>6=3 H. H*.
Ac(er$ann, Narrative Stone Relie)# )ro$ Gand*2ra in t*e Sictoria and Al&ert :!#e!$ in <ondon.
Hatalog!e and Atte$pt at a St5li#tic Hi#tor5 (I#$eoRep:e$, RSII), Ro$a =>7G3 S. R. Dar, ,*e
V!e#tion o) Ro$an In)l!ence in Gand*ara Art0 N!$i#$atic Lvidence, in RivItN!$, <RRIR, =>77,
pp. 6=-A>3 '. Hallieri, <a glWttica ro$ana nel Gand*2ra0 pre#en"e e in)l!##i, inRend<inc, #. SIII,
R<IS, =>A>, pp. EFM-EG7.
'er i toilet tra5#0 H.-'. 8ranc)ort, <e# palette# d! Gand*ara, 'arigi =>7>.
'er il periodo partico0 4. Gold$an, 'art*ian# at Gand*2ra, in La#tTe#t,RRSIII, =>7A, pp. =A>-
EOE3 9. L. van <o*!i"en-de <ee!7, Ne7 Lvidence..., cit.3 S. <. e 9. H. H!ntington, op. cit.3 H*.
8a&r-g!e#, ,*e Indo-'art*ian 4eginning# o) Gand*ara Sc!lpt!re, in 4!lletin o) t*e A#ia
In#tit!te, n.#., I, =>A7, pp. MM-FM. - In particolare, per i rilievi di 4!t(ara I0 D. 8accenna, LXcavation#
o) t*e Italian Arc*aeological :i##ion (I#:L%) in 'a(i#tan0 So$e 'ro&le$# o) Gand*aran Art and
Arc*itect!re, in Hentral+naKa A"iKa Y ;!#an#(!K! Lpo(*!, I, :o#ca =>7F, pp. =E6-=763 id., S!lla
rico#tr!"ione di !n grande rilievo da 4!t(ara I ra))ig!rante la parten"a di Sidd*Nrta Z#ic[ da
;apilava#t!, in G*. Gnoli, <. <anciotti (ed.), %rientalia Io#ep*i ,!cci :e$oriae Dicata, I, Ro$a
=>AG, pp. MEG-MF=.
'er i rapporti di #cavo e di ricogni"ione arc*eologica e gli #t!di #! #iti arc*eologici particolari, v.
alle #ingole voci.
'er lo #t!dio delle provenien"e dei rilievi0 8. ,i##ot, ,*e Site o) Sa*r\-4]*lol in Gand*ara, in 9.
Sc*ot#$an#, :. ,addei (ed.), SAA =>A#, II, Napoli =>AG, pp. G67-6=F3 ead., ,*e Site o) Sa*rl-
4a*lol in Gand*ara ('art III), in :. ,addei (ed.), SAA =>A7, II, Ro$a =>>O, pp. 7M7-76F3 L.
Lrrington, ,o7ard# Hlearer Attri&!tion# o) Site 'rovenance )or So$e =>t* Hent!r5 Hollection# o)
Gand*ara Sc!lpt!re, i&id.,pp. 76G-7A=.
'er le .!e#tioni di interpreta"ione iconogra)ica e iconologica, !na ra##egna - in :. ,addei, Ne!e
8or#c*!ng#&elege "!r Gand*2ra-I(onograp*ie, in 9. %"ol#, S. ,*e7alt (ed.), A!# de$ %#ten de#
AleXanderreic*e#, 8e#t#c*ri)t )Ur ;la!# 8i#c*er,Holonia =>AF, pp. =GF-=7G. - St!di #! #ingoli te$i0
G*. Gnoli, ,*e ,5c*e and t*e Dio#c!ri in Ancient Sc!lpt!re# )ro$ t*e Salle5 o) S7at. Ne7
Doc!$ent# )or t*e St!d5 o) t*e Art o) Gand*2ra, in La#tTe#t, RIS, =>6M, pp. E>-M73 :. ,addei, Il
$ito di 8ilottete ed !n epi#odio della vita del 4!dd*a, in Arc*Hl, RS, =>6M, pp. =>A-E=A3
id., Iconograp*ie Hon#ideration# on a Gand*2ra Relie) in t*e National :!#e!$ o) %riental Art in
Ro$e, in La#tTe#t, RIS, =>6M, pp. MA-GG3 G. ,!cci,%riental Note#. II. An I$age o) a Devi
Di#covered in S7at and So$e Honnected 'ro&le$#, i&id., pp. =F6-=AE3 :. ,addei, %n a Helleni#tic
:odel ?#ed in So$e Gand*aran Relie)# in S7at, i&id., RS, =>6G, pp. =7F-=7A3 :.
T*eeler, Gand*ara Art0 A Note on t*e 're#ent 'o#ition, in <e ra5onne$ent de# civili#ation#
grec.!e et ro$aine #!r le# c!lt!re# p@rip*@ri.!e#. SII Hongr-# International d+Arc*@ologie
Hla##i.!e, 'ari# =>6M, 'arigi =>6G, pp. GGF-G6G3 R. H. Agra7ala, :. ,addei, An Intere#ting Relie)
)ro$ t*e S7at Salle5, in La#tTe#t, RSI, =>66, pp. AE-AA3 B. Ro7land, ,*e ,5c*e o)
Hadda, in %riental Art, RII, =>66, pp. =AM-=A>3 :. <. Harter, Dion5#iac A#pect# o) ;!#*an
Art, in Ar# %rientali#, SII, =>6A, pp. =E=-=F63 G. ,!cci, A 'ec!liar I$age )ro$
Gand*2ra, in La#tTe#t, RSIII, =>6A, pp. EA>-E>E3 id., ,*e S5ncreti#tic I$age o) :a"ar-i S*ari),
i&id., p. E>M ##.3 :. ,addei, ,*e Hariicandra Seal )ro$ :o*r2 :or2d!, in Ann%rNap, RIR, ^>6>,
pp. G7-6A3 id., Harpocrate#-4ra*$]-:aitre5a. A ,entative Interpretation o) a Gand*aran Relie)
)ro$ S72t, in DArc*, III, =>6>, pp. M6F-M>O3 G. 8!##$an,Doc!$ent# _pigrap*i.!e#
;o!c*ane#, in 4L8L%, <RI, =>7F, pp. GF-GA3 9. H. Harle,A Hit*erto ?n(no7n Dated Sc!lpt!re
)ro$ Gand*2ra, in 9.-L. van <o*!i"en-de <ee!7, 9. 9. :. ?&ag*# (ed.), SAA =>7M, <eida =>7F, pp.
=EA-=MG3 :. ,addei,App!nti #!ll+iconogra)ia di alc!ne $ani)e#ta"ioni l!$ino#e dei
4!dd*a, inG!r!r2Ka$a`Kari(2. St!di in onore di Gi!#eppe ,!cci, II, Napoli =>7F, pp. FMG-FAA3 J.
,ana&e, ;ani#*(a I+# Hoin# 7it* t*e 4!dd*a I$age on t*e Rever#e and So$e Re)erence# to t*e Art
o) Gand*ara, in %rient, R, =>7F, pp. M=-G63 9. :. D5e,,7o 8rag$entar5 Gand*aran Narrative
Relie)# in t*e 'e#*a7ar :!#e!$, inArtA#, RRRSIII, =>76, pp. E=O-EFG3 A. :.
V!agliotti, %##erva"ioni #!l 4!dd*a di 4r!Xelle#, in RivSt%r, <I, =>77, pp. =M7-=FO3 A. Santoro, Il
SaKrap2ai nell+arte del Gand*2ra. Ricerca iconogra)ica e interpretativa, I, i&id., <?I, =>7>, pp. E>M-
MF=3 G. 4*attac*ar5a, St1pa a# :aitre5a+# L$&le$, in A. <. Dallapiccola, S. bingel-Av@ <alle$ant
(ed.), ,*e St1pa. It# Religio!#, Hi#torical and Arc*itect!ral Signi)icance, Tie#&aden =>AO, pp. =OO-
===3 ;. 8i#c*er, b! er"N*lenden Gand*2raRelie)#. :it eine$ LX(!r# U&er den Heng#t
;ant*a(a, in 4eric*te )Ur Allge$eine !nd Sergleic*ende Arc*Nologie de# DAI (4onn), II, =>AO, pp.
EE>-E>G3 9. H. H!ntington, A Gand*aran I$age o) A$ita5!#+ S!(*]vat\, in Ann%rNap, R<, =>AO,
pp. 6G=-67E3 A. Santoro, S! tre &a##orilievi gand*arici di #oggetto non
identi)icato, in RivSt%r, <IS, =>AO, pp. >7-=O>3 G. Hoc()ield :alandra, :ara+# Ar$5. ,eXt and
I$age in Larl5 Indian Art, in La#tTe#t, RRRI, =>A=, pp. =E=-=MO3 ;. ,ana&e, Iranian 4ac(gro!nd
o) t*e 8la$ing and Tatering 4!dd*a I$age in ;!#*an 'eriod, in 4!lletin o) t*e Ancient %rient
:!#e!$, III, =>A=, pp. 6>-A=3 '. 4ernard, H*.-'. 9!llien, Halt-re# votive# de l!tte!r# dan# le
Gand*ara, in St!dia Iranica, RI, =>AE, pp. M>-F73 G. De :arco, I ;!c2aa nella vita del
4!dd*a(Ann%rNap, S!ppl. MF), Napoli =>AM3 G. Serardi, ,*e ;!c2aa L$peror# a# Ha(ravartin#.
D5na#tic Art and H!lt# in India and Hentral A#ia, in La#tTe#t,RRRIII, =>AM, pp. EEG-M>F3 R. <.
4ro7n, ,*e /r2va#td :iracle# in t*e Art o) India and DvNravatt, in + Arc*ive# o) A#ian
Art, RRRSII, =>AF, pp.e 7>>Gf ;. 8i#c*er,,7o Gand*2ra Relie) # Depicting V!een :a5a+#
Drea$0 Had ,*e5 an Lrotic Signi)icanceg, in 4. Allc*in (ed.), SAA =>A=, Ha$&ridge =>AF, pp.
EGO-EGM3 ;. ,ana&e, Iranian %rigin o) t*e Gand*aran 4!dd*a and 4od*i#attva I$age#, in4!lletin
o) t*e Ancient %rient :!#e!$, SI, =>AF, pp. =-E73 9. H. H!ntington, ,*e Iconograp*5 and
Iconolog5 o) :aitre5a I$age# in Gand*ara, in 9HA, SII, =>AF, =, pp. =MM-=7A3 9. A.
Rad!c*a, LXploring t*e S5ncretic Nat!re o) 4!dd*i#t Art in <ig*t o) Ne7 Di#coverie# in Nort*
'a(i#tan, i&id., SIII, =>AG, E, pp. =G>-=773 T. <o&o, Der 4ogentrNger in den
Telt)l!c*tDar#tell!ngen der Gand*2ra-Relie)#, inRRII. De!t#c*er %rientali#tentag (beit#c*ri)t der
De!t#c*en :orgenlNndi#c*en Ge#ell#c*a)t, S!ppl. SI), Stoccarda =>AG, pp. FMO-FM73 J.
8i#c*er, Ho7 Tere t*e <ove-Scene# on Gand*aran St!pa# Interpreted &5 Honte$porar5
Tor#*ipper#g,in 9. Sc*ot#$an#, :. ,addei (ed.), SAA =>AM, II, Napoli =>AG, pp. 6E>-6M>3 :.
,addei, A Ne7 Larl5 haiva I$age )ro$ Gand*ara, i&id., pp. 6=G-6EA3 G. Serardi,Avat2rana0 a Note
on t*e 4od*i#attva I$age Dated in t*e ,*ird Iear o) ;anic(a in t*e S2rn2t* :!#e!$, in La#t
Te#t, RRRS, =>AG, pp. 67-=O=3 A. Santoro, Note di iconogra)ia gand*arica, I-
II, in Ann%rNap, R<SI, =>A6, pp. MG-6E3 D. 8accenna,An In#cri&ed Stele )ro$ 'e#*a7ar Depicting
a :ale 8ig!re in ;!c2aa Dre##, i&id.,pp. FF=-FGG3 T. <o&o, Der 4od*i#attva $it de$ 8lN#c*c*en0
Sidd*2rt*a oder :aitre5a. b!r Interpretation einer Gr!ppe von Gand*2rarelie)#, in H. 8al(
(ed.),Hind!i#$!# !nd 4!dd*i#$!#. 8e#t#c*ri)t )Ur ?lric* Sc*neider, 8ri&!rgo =>A7, pp. EOA-E=>3 G.
De :arco, ,*e St1pa a# a 8!nerar5 :on!$ent0 Ne7 Iconograp*ical
Lvidence, in La#tTe#t, RRRSII, =>A7, pp. =>=-EF63 D. Sc*linglo)), Die :editation !nter de$
9a$&!-4a!$, in Tiener beit#c*ri)t )Ur die ;!n#t SUd-A#ien#, RRRI, =>A7, pp. ===-=MO3 J.
,ana&e, ,*e Iranian %rigin o) t*e 4!dd*i#t irn], in A:I,RR, =>A7, pp. EG=-EG>3 J. 8i#c*er, T*5
Ha# a Gand*aran Sc!lptor Depicted t*e NagaradevatN Se$i-N!de in t*e A&*inic(ra$aaa
Sceneg, in :. Ialdi", T. <o&o (ed.), op. cit., pp. 6=-6G3 :. ,addei, Non-4!dd*i#t Deitie# in
Gand*aran Art - So$e Ne7 Lvidence, i&id., pp. MF>-M6E3 G. Serardi, ,*e 4!dd*a+# D*1nd,
i&id., pp. M6>-MAM3 ;. 8i#c*er, Line Reitergr!ppe in Sorderan#ic*t a!# S72t nac* de$ Sor&ild von
V!adriga-Dar#tell!ng, in G*. Gnoli, <. <anciotti (ed.), %rientalia Io#ep*i ,!cci..., cit., I, pp. MGG-
M7O3 G. Serardi, ,e$atic*e indiane di alc!ne iconogra)ie gand*aric*e. Il 4!dd*a, Agni, i la(caaa, il
$iracolo dW /r2va#td e altri pro&le$i conne##i, i&id., III, Ro$a =>AA, pp. =GMM-=GF>3 A.
Santoro, Note di iconogra)ia gand*arica, III. A propo#ito della conver#ione di javi(a, in
Ann%rNap, R<SIII, =>AA, pp. E=>-EFE3 H. e I. 'lae#c*(e, Die indi#c*e <oto##a!le in der Gand*2ra
Sc*!le, in Ti##bHalle, RRRSII, =>AA, M, pp. GE-6G3 :. ,addei,Della co#iddetta pro#pettiva
rotante nell+arte del Gand*2ra, in 'ro#pettiva, GM-G6, =>AA-=>A>, pp. 7=-7F3 8. B. 8lood, Hera(le#
and t*e +'erpet!al Acol5te+ o) t*e 4!dd*a0 So$e %&#ervation# on t*e Iconograp*5 o) SaKrapani in
Gand*aran Art,in So!t* A#ian St!die#, S, =>A>, pp. =7-E73 A. :. V!agliotti, :a*2(2r!ai(a ('art
I), in Ann%rNap, R<IR, =>A>, pp. MM7-M7O3 ead., :a`K!krd in Gand*aran Art. A Ne7 Interpretation
o) a Relie) in t*e Sictoria and Al&ert :!#e!$, in La#tTe#t,R<, =>>O, pp. >>-==M3 A. Santoro, Note
di iconogra)ia gand*arica, IS. <a #toria del 4!dd*a e del &!e, in '. Da))inl (ed.), Indo-Sino-
,i&etica. St!di in onore di <. 'etec*, Ro$a =>>O, pp. M=7-MME3 :. ,addei, A 8la$ing 4!dd*a and
Hi# Devotee# )ro$ 8ar-a7a5 Ho!ntrie#, in H. 4a!t"e-'icron (ed.), :a(aranda, L##a5# in Hono!r o)
Dr. 9a$e# H. Harle, Del*i =>>O, pp. FM-GO3 ;. ,ana&e, ,*e ;!c2aa Repre#entation o)
ANL:%S^%AD% and It# Relevance to t*e Hentral A#ian and 8ar La#tern Tind God#, in Sil( Road
Art and Arc*aeolog5, I, =>>O, pp. G=-AO3 D. ;li$&!rg-Salter, :. ,addei, ,*e ?cadca and t*e
4ra*$arand*ra0 An A#pect o) <ig*t S5$&oli#$ in Gand*aran 4!dd*a I$age#, in G. 4*attac*ar5a
(ed.),A(ca5andvd. L##a5# pre#ented to Dr. De&ala :itra, Del*i =>>=, pp. 7M->M3 '. 4rancaccio, ,*e
4!dd*a and t*e Na(ed A#cetic# in Gand*aran Art0 A Ne7 Interpretation, in La#tTe#t, R<I, =>>=,
pp. =E=-=M=3 A. :i5aKi, Iconolog5 o) 'arinirv2aa and :aitre5a, )ro$ India to Hentral A#ia (in
giappone#e), ,o(5o =>>E.
Hatalog*i di $!#ei e p!&&lica"ioni di gr!ppi o$ogenei di #c!lt!re0 H. 'lae#c*(e,Gand*2ra-
S(!lpt!ren in Napr#te(-:!#e!$ 'rag, in Annal# o) t*e Nmpr#te( :!#e!$, II, =>6M, pp. MM-F>3 B.
Dagen#, 8rag$ent# de #c!lpt!re in@dit#, in B. Dagen# e altri, :on!$ent# pr@i#la$i.!e#
d+A)g*ani#tan (:DA8A, RIR), 'arigi =>6F, pp. >-FO3 8. :. Rice, 4. Ro7land, Art in A)g*ani#tan.
%&Kect# )ro$ t*e ;a&!l :!#e!$, <ondra =>7=3 S. Horvmt*, Gand*aran Stone Harving in t*e 8erenc
Hopp :!#e!$ o) La#tern A#iatic Art#, in Acta%rH!ng, RRSI, E-M, =>7E, pp. M=G-ME63 H. H*.
Ac(er$ann, Narrative Stone Relie)#..., cit.3 I. ;!rita, Gand*2ran Art, I. ,*e 4!dd*a+# <i)e Stor5 (in
giappone#e), ,o(5o =>AA3 id., Gand*2ran Art, II. ,*e Torld o) t*e 4!dd*a (in giappone#e), ,o(5o
=>>O3 G. Serardi, <e #c!lt!re del Gand*ara nel Hivico :!#eo Arc*eologico di
:ilano (Not:ilano, S!ppl. SII), :ilano =>>=.
8ra i catalog*i di $o#tre0 ,*e LX*i&ition o) Gand*ara Art o) 'a(i#tan (,o(5o-%#a(a-8!(!o(a
=>AF), ,o(5o =>AF3 Gand*aran <adie# ,oilet-,ra5# )ro$ 9apane#e Hollection#, ,*e Ancient %rient
:!#e!$, ,o(5o =>AG3 Gand*ara Sc!lpt!re )ro$ 9apane#e Hollection Z#ic[, ,*e :!#e!$ Ia$ato
4!n(a(an, Nara =>AG3 R. R!##e(, 4!dd*a "7i#c*en %#t !nd Te#t0 S(!lpt!ren a!# Gand*2ra,
'a(i#tan, :!#e!$ Riet&erg, b!rigo =>A7.

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