Deductive reasoning organizing, analyzing, and determining the relationships between different pieces of information to construct a solution to the situation being investigated. The Elements and the Periodic Table Everything around you is made of matter. Elements are the basic building blocks of matter. Elements are organized in the periodic table with atomic symbol for each element. The Periodic Table of the Elements into 18 groups and seven periods The Elements and the Periodic Table Elements in the same group have similar chemical and physical properties. The two groups on the far left and the six groups on the far right are known as the representative or main group elements. The Elements and the Periodic Table Groups 3-12 are located in between the representative elements and are called the transition metals. The groups that lie below the others on the periodic table are called the inner transition metals. Elements can also be classified as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. metalloid: an element that possesses both metal and nonmetal characteristics. Silicon, arsenic, and germanium are metalloids.