: .

:

Design of Columns

5.5 : :
5.5.1 :

) . ( ACI . 02
C7

25
9

 : .
:

.

5.5.2

5.5.2.1 :

) ( Staad Pr o
.
:

b = 500 mm
h = 900 mm

5.5.2.2 ) :( braced or unbraced

) .. ( ACI . 02
:

braced

0.05

Pu o
Vu Lc

=Q

:
: Pu .
: .
: Vu .
: Lc .

) Unbraced ( .
:
-a : x
:
x = 0.3313 cm
1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L +1.0 Ex
:
o

Pu = 136743.8 KN

25
9

 : .
:
KN
mm

) (braced

Vu = 2690
Lc = 3500

136743.8 1000 3.313

= 0.0481 < 0.05 ...... o.k
2690 1000 3500

= Qx

-b : y
:
= 0.2149 cm
1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L +1.0 Ex
:
y

Pu = 136743.8 KN
Vu = 2690 KN
Lc = 3500
mm

) (braced

136743.8 1000 2.149

= 0.031 < 0.05 ...... o.k
2690 1000 3500

= Qy

) ( .
5.5.2.3 ) : ( Sheck for Slenderness

) ( :
:
: k .
m
: l
0.3 h : r .
-a : x
u

-b : y

k lu
< 22
r

3.5 0.6 = 2.9

k lu
1 2 .9
=
= 19.33 < 22 ...... o.k
r
0.3 0.5
k lu
1 2.9
=
= 10.74 < 22 ...... o.k
r
0.3 0.9

.
5.5.2.4 : design of section
(a :


Pu Mu
.

25
9

 : .
:
Mu (Y ) KN .m

KN .m

) Mu ( X

Pu KN

4085.89 7
40.459
111.14 6
1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E
3928.15
38.564
199.66 4
1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E 4584.10 9
44.909
340.09
1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E 3702.29 6
176.163
110.68 3
1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E 4808.11 9
220.903
117.86
0.9 D.L +1.0 E
1865.11 9
18.017
235.15 9
0.9 D.L +1.0 E
2521.08
24.361
304.59 5
0.9 D.L +1.0 E
1639.26 4
187.293
58.233
0.9 D.L +1.0 E
2747.08 6
209.773
61.312

1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E x
.

.
1.2 D.L +1.6 L.L

) ( x

) ( +x

) ( y

) ( +y

) ( x

) ( +x

) ( y

) ( +y

) ( +y

Pu = 4808.119 KN
Mu = 220.903 KN .m :
(b :

Tied column
0.65
Pu )'
Pu :

fc

( 0.1 Ag

) ' Check for Pu > ( 0.1 Ag f c

Pu = 4808.119 KN

KN

= 945

0.1 Ag f c ' = 0.1 900 500 21 = 945000

.......... o.k

Pn :
KN

' 0.1 Ag f c

0.65

>

Pu

4808.119
= 7397.106
0.65

Pu

= Pn

25
9

 : .
:
(c : e min
emin > eact

Mu
220.903 106
=
= 45.94 mm
Pu 4808.119 103
= 0.1 h = 0.1 500 = 50 mm

=e
emin

. e = 50 mm ) ( e
.
(d : d
min

25
= 64.5 70 mm
2
2
d = h d ' = 500 70 = 430 mm
= 40 +12 +

(e

d ' = cov er + tie +

: 'e
h
500
e' = e + d = 50 + 430 +
= 230
2
2

mm

(f :
:
a
) Pn e' 0.85 f c ' b a ( d
2
= ' As
)' ( d d ' ) ( f s '0.85 f c

a
a

; = 0.85

h
2

=C

h 500
=
= 250 mm
2
2
250
=C
= 294.11 mm
0.85
= ao

'c d
600
< 280 MPa
c
294.11 70
=
600 = 457 MPa
294.11
stress in tension :
=' fs

use f s ' = 280 MPa

MPa < 280 MPa

250
)
2 = 5047.77 mm 2

d c
430 294.11
= 600
600 = 277
c
294.11

7397.106 10 3 230 0.85 21 900 250 ( 430

)( 430 70 ) ( 280 0.85 21

( a) :

Cs = comprssion steel

= fs

= ' As

check for value of

Pn Cs + T
P As ' ( f s '0.85 f c ') + As f s
= n
0.85 f c ' b
0.85 f c ' b

= a1

T =tension steel
7397106.15 5047.77 ( 280 0.85 21 ) + 5047.77 277
= a1
= 465.18 mm > ao
0.85 21 900

25
9

 : .
:
a
. a
:
As' = 2644.19 mm 2

a n = 365.5 mm

As (total ) = 2644.19 2 = 5288.37 mm 2

As

......... o.k

5288.37
) ( total
=
= 0.0117
h b
500 900
= 0.06 > > min = 0.01

and

max

(g :

:
: x

Min.
Min
Min
Min
-

As req. As used
4500

Not Req

4500

Not Req

4500

3608.56

4500

Not Req

5288.37

5288.37

Min

4500

Min

4500

Min

4500

Min

4500

) e ( min

Mu ( x ) KN .m Pu KN

50

4085.89
7

40.459

50

3928.15

1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E( x )38.564

50

4584.10
9

1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E( +x ) 44.909

50

3702.29
6

1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E( y )176.163

50

4808.11
9

1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E( +y )220.903

Not Req
Not Req
Not Req
Not Req

1.2 D.L +1.6 L.L

50

1865.11
9

18.017

) 0.9 D.L +1.0 E( x

50

2521.08

24.361

) 0.9 D.L +1.0 E( +x

50

1639.26
4

187.293

) 0.9 D.L +1.0 E( y

50

2747.08
6

209.773

) 0.9 D.L +1.0 E( +y

: y

) e ( min

Mu ( y ) KN .m Pu KN

4500

Not Req

90

4085.89
7

40.459

Min

4500

Not Req

90

3928.15

1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E( x )38.564

Min

4500

3108.07

90

4584.10
9

1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E( +x ) 44.909

Min

4500

Not Req

90

3702.29
6

1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E( y )176.163

Min.

As req. As used

1.2 D.L +1.6 L.L

25
9

 : .
:
-

4750

4734.07

90

4808.11
9

1.2 D.L +1.0 L.L + E( +y )220.903

Min

4500

Not Req

90

1865.11
9

18.017

) 0.9 D.L +1.0 E( x

Min

4500

Not Req

90

2521.08

24.361

) 0.9 D.L +1.0 E( +x

Min

4500

Not Req

90

1639.26
4

187.293

) 0.9 D.L +1.0 E( y

Min

4500

Not Req

90

2747.08
6

209.773

) 0.9 D.L +1.0 E( +y

y
4750 mm x
. 5288.37 mm
2

for cimetirical

use 12 25 mm

= 10.17

As = 5288.37

mm 2
5288.37

252 4

= no. of bars

(h :

:


.
5.5.2.5
( check for Biaxial load): :


:
; KN . m

Mu ( y ) = 117.86

; KN . m

Mu ( x ) = 220.903

Pu = 4808.119 KN
117.86 106
= 24.51 mm
4808.119 103
220.903 106
=
= 45.94 mm
4808.119 103
=

) Mu ( y
Pu
) Mu ( x
Pu

= ey
= ex

25
9

 : .
:

Pn ; Pn ; P

:
o

)( y

)( x

1
1
1
1
=
+

) Pn Pn( y ) Pn( x
Po

: Pn .
: Pn . x
: Pn . y
: P .
(a : y
)( x

)( y
o

mm ; assume c = d = 830 mm

e y = 24.51

a =0.85 830 = 705.5 mm

h
900
e' = e + d = 24.51 + 830
= 404.513 mm
2
2
'c d
830 70
=' fs
= 600
600 = 549 MPa > 280 MPa
c
830
use
f s ' = 280 MPa
d c
830 830
= 600
600 = 0
c
830
a
= ) ' Pn( y ) e' = 0.85 f c ' b a ( d ) + As ( f s' 0.85 f c ' ) ( d d
2
765

=0.85 21 500 765 830

) + 3436.2 ( 280 0.85 21 ) ( 830 70
2

= 3689659.25 N .mm
3689659.25
3689659.25
= ) Pn( y
=
= 9121191.18 N
'e
404.513
Pn( y ) = 9121.19 KN
= fs

25
9

 : .
:

( a) :

check for value of

Pn As ' ( f s '0.85 f c ') + As f s

0.85 f c ' b

and > d

> ao

= a

9121191.18 3436.2 ( 280 0.85 21 ) + 0

= 914.18 mm
0.85 21 500
so use a = 0.85 d = 705.5 mm

= a1

Pn( y ) = 9121.19

KN

(b : x
x
b = 900 mm h = 500 mm e = 45.94 mm
. e ' = 225.943 mm ) ( Pn :
x

KN

Pn( x ) = 7860682.9 N = 7860.68

)' f c ' + ( f y 0.85 f c

Po

(0.85

( 0.85 21 + 0.015272 (280 0.85 21) = 9834056

Po = Ag

Po = 500900

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
=
+
=
+

= 1.352 10 7
Pn1
) Pn( y ) Pn( x
Po 9121191.18 7860682.9 9834056
Pn1 = 7398487 N
7398487
0.65 =4809.02 KN
1000
Pu1 =4809.02 KN > Pu =4808.19 KN

= Pu1 = Pn1 0.65

and it is safe for Biaxial moment .

o.k

5.5.2.6
Relative flexural strength of colum and :
: gairdars
) ( ACI . 02) sec (21.4.2
20 % :
6
Mc 5 Mg

. 0.9 D.L +1.0 E
: x
-a

25
9

 : .
:

-1 : B33
B
:
33

mm 2
mm 2

= 2290.23
= 1272.35

= 9 18 = 9 182

= 5 18 = 5 182

) ( top

As

) ( bottom

As

:
a

; M pr = As 1.25 f y d
2

As 1.25 f y
2290.23 1.25 280
=a
=
=128.3 mm
0.85 f c ' bw
0.85 21 350
128.3

M pr = 2290.23 1.25 280 541

= 382233661.4 N . mm
2

M pr = 382.23 KN . m

-2 :C7

e


. 0.9 D.L +1.0 E
+y

C7

Pu = 1639.264 KN

&

KN . m

Mu= 187.293

25
9

 : .
:
As = 14 25 = 6872.23 mm 2
6872.23
Mu
187.293 106
= = 0.01527 ; e
=
= 114 mm
500 900
Pu 1639.264 103

a
:
d ' = 70 mm

e =114.2 mm
; e' =294.2 mm
h =500 mm
; d =430
mm
;

a =327.14 mm
b =900 mm

;
;

a
327.14
=C
=
= 384.88
mm
0.85
0.85
'c d
384.88 70
= ' fs
= 600 1.25
600 1.25 = 613.59 MPa
c
384.88
use
f s ' = 1.25 280 = 350 MPa

> 280 MPa

d c
430 384.88
= 600 1.25
600 1.25 = 87.92
MPa
c
384.88
a
= ) ' e' = 0.85 f c ' b a ( d ) + As ' ( f s' 0.85 f c ' ) ( d d
2
327.14 6872.23

= 0.85 21 900 327.14 430

) ( 350 0.85 21 ) ( 430 70
+
2
2

= 1811096620 N .mm
1811096620
1811096620
= Pn
=
= 6156005 N
'e
294.2
= 6156 KN
Mn( top ) = Pn e = 6156 0.114 = 701.78
KN . m

= fs

C7

:
Pu = 1500 KN

KN . m

&

Pn

Pn

Mu= 81.47

:
As = 12 25 = 5890.486 mm 2
5890.486
Mu 81.47 10 6
= = 0.01309 ; e
=
= 54.31 mm
500 900
Pu
1500 10 3

a
:
d ' = 70 mm

mm
mm

; e' = 234.23
; d = 430

e =54.31 mm
h =500 mm

;
;

a =365 mm
b =900 mm

a
365
=
= 429.41
mm
0.85 0.85
'c d
429.41 70
=' fs
= 600 1.25
600 1.25 = 627.74
c
429.41
use
f s ' = 1.25 280 = 350 MPa
=C

> 280 MPa

MPa

MPa

d c
430 429.41
= 600 1.25
600 1.25 = 1.027
c
429.41

= fs

25
9

 : .
:
a
= ) ' ) + As ' ( f s' 0.85 f c ' ) ( d d
2
365 5890.486

= 0.85 21 900 365 430

) ( 350 0.85 21 ) ( 430 70
+
2
2

= 1803446424 N .mm

Pn e' = 0.85 f c ' b a ( d

1803446424
1803446424
=
= 7699468.15 N
'e
234.23
Pn = 7699.468 KN

= Pn

KN . m

Mn(bott .) = Pn e = 7699.468 0.05431 = 418.16

6
Mc 5 Mg

KN .m

Check for

M c = 418.16 + 701.78 =1119.94

Mg =381.429 KN .m

6
381.429 = 457.7 ............... o.k
5

> 1119.94

: y
-b
y
y .

5.5.2.7 Confinement reinforcement :

) ( ACI . 02) sec (21.4.4.4
L :
o

Lo = depth of member = 900 mm Govern

clear high

2
.
9
= Lo
= 1000 = 483 500 mm

6
6
L = 450 mm

25
9

. :
:
( ACI . 02) sec (21.4.4.2 )
:
1
( min . demention of colum ) = 1 500 =125 mm
4
4
2) 100 mm
control.

1)

transverse reinforcement :
:

fc ' Ag

Ash = 0.3 S hc 1

f
A

yh ch

S
=
100
mm

tie
10
h
=
h

cov
er

=
900

40

=
815
mm

a - c
2
2

2
Ag = b h = 500 900 = 450000 mm

2
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
A
=
b

cov
er

cov
er
=
500

40

900

40
=
344400
mm
ch

21 450000

2
Ash = 0.3 100 815
1 = 562.264 mm
govern
280 344400

fc '
Ash = 0.09 S hc

f yh

A = 0.09 100 815 21 = 550.125 mm2

sh

280

25
9

562.264

mm 2

Ash

 : .
:
Number of leg for hoop :

12 mm
= 4.971 bar

562.264

12 2

Ash
12

use

= No.

4
5 leg 12 mm

use

5.5.2.8 shear strength for column :

) ( 1.25 f






. :
y

(a

C7

: x

) As (1.25 fy
0.85 f c ' b

=a

a
) Mpr = As (1.25 fy ) (d
2

25
9

 : .
:

B33

for

918

* for

N .mm

As = 9 254.47 = 2290.22 mm 2
)2290.22 (1.25 280
= a
= 128.3 mm
0.85 21 350

d = 541
mm
a
) Mpr( ve ) = As (1.25 fy ) ( d
2
128.3

6
= 2290.22 1.25 280541
= 381.429 10
2

= 184.429 KN .m

Mpr 184.429 103

=
= 131.527 KN
Lu
2900

= Vu

) . ( Hoops

:
) ( % 50
.
' Ag f
Pu . Pu < 20
Pu 4808.19 KN
' Ag f
20
Vc

500 900 21

20 1000 = 472.5 KN

:

25
9

 : .
:
' fc
N

Vc = 1 +
b d

6
14 b h
KN

4808.19103
21
840

Vc = 1 +
500
= 565.6

6
1000
14 500 900

Hoops
Vu
100 mm
:
) ( resist

280 840
4
= 1330024 N
100

12 2

Av f y d

2
900
21 500
= 1374.772 KN > 1330.024 KN .............o.k
3
1000
)0.75 (1330024 + 565601
= ) (Vs +Vc
= 1421.72
KN
1000
Vu > Vu = 131.527 KN >Vu( analysis from staad ) = 118.75 KN ............ o.k
= f 'c bw . h

2
3

= ) Vs ( resist
= )Vs(max

:

:

( 1) 150 mm

(2) 6 d = 6 25 = 150 mm govern

b

2 leg

280 840
4
= 354673.2 N
150

2 12 2

Av f y d
S

= ) Vs ( resist

)0.75 ( 354673.2 + 565601

= 690.203
KN
1000
Vu > Vu = 131.527 KN >Vu( analysis from staad ) = 118.75 KN ............ o.k

= ) (Vs +Vc

(b C : y
y
x
B
:
7

25
9

 : .
:
for B 7

12 18

* for

N .mm

As = 12 254.47 = 3053.64 mm 2
)3053.64 (1.25 280
= a
= 171.07 mm
0.85 21 350

d = 541
mm
a
) Mpr( ve ) = As (1.25 fy ) ( d
2
171.07

6
= 3053.64 1.25 280541
= 484.65 10
2

= 484.65 KN .m

Mpr 484.65 103

=
= 167.12 KN
Lu
2900

= Vu

x :
' fc
N

Vc = 1 +
b d

6
14 b h
KN

4808.19103
21
840

Vc = 1 +
500
= 565.6

6
1000
14 500 900

100 mm

280 840
4
= 1330024 N
100

5 12 2

Av f y d
S

2
900
21 500
= 1374.772 KN > 1330.024 KN .............o.k
3
1000
)0.75 (1330024 + 565601
= ) (Vs + Vc
= 1421.72
KN
1000
Vu > Vu = 167.12 KN >Vu( analysis from staad ) = 118.75 KN ............ o.k
= f 'c bw . h

2
3

= ) Vs ( resist
= )Vs(max

Biaxial Bending . A

25
9