n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

N
CUNG CP IN
Gio vin hng dn : Ninh Vn Nam
Sinh vin thc hin : Nhm 4
L Cng Nam
Nguyn Vn Tuyn
Nguyn Tin Minh
Trn c Cng
Lp
: H TH-K4

H Ni 12/2012

SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

LI NI U
Cung cp in l mt ngnh kh quang trng trong x hi loi ngi, cng nh
trong qu trnh pht trin nhanh ca nn khoa hc k thut nc ta trn con ng
cng nghip ha hin i ha ca t nc. V th, vic thit k v cung cp in
l mt vn ht sc quang trng v khng th thiu i vi ngnh in ni chung
v mi sinh vin v ang hc tp, nghin cu v lnh vc ni ring.
Trong nhng nm gn y, nc ta t c nhng thnh tu to ln trong pht
trin kinh t x hi. S lng cc nh my cng nghip, cc hot ng thng mi,
dch v, gia tng nhanh chng , dn n sn lng in sn xut v tiu dng
ca nc ta tng ln ng k v d bo l s tip tc tng nhanh trong nhng nm
ti . do m hin nay chng ta ang rt cn i ng nhng ngi am hiu v in
lm cng tc thit k cng nh vn hnh, ci to sa cha li in ni chung
trong c khu thit k cung cp in l quang trng .
Nhm gip sinh vin cng c kin thc hc trng vo vic thit k c th .
nay em c mn n cung cp in giao cho nhim v l Thit k cung cp
in cho trng hc .
Tuy chng em thc n ny di s hng dn tn tnh ca thy Ninh Vn
Nam, v cc bn trong lp nhng do trnh kin thc cn nhiu hn ch, nn c
i phn thiu st . Chng em rt mong s ng gp kin, ph bnh v sa cha
t qu thy c v cc bn sinh vin n ny hon thin hn.
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n !

SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Mc Lc

CHNG I: TNH TON CHIU SNG CHO MT PHNG HC ............................. 8

1.1

TNH CHT CA VIC THIT K , LP T................................................ 8

1.2

TRNH T TNH TON CHIU SNG ............................................................. 8

1.2.1

Nghin cu v i tng chiu sng : ............................................................. 8

1.2.2

La chn ri yu cu. ................................................................................. 8

1.2.3

Chn h sng. .................................................................................................. 9

1.2.4

Chn ngun sng. ............................................................................................ 9

1.2.5

Chn b n. ................................................................................................. 10

1.2.6

La chn chiu cao treo n. ........................................................................ 10

1.2.7

Xc nh cc thng s k thut chiu sng. ................................................... 10

1.2.8

Xc nh quang thng tng yu cu. ............................................................. 11

1.2.9

Xc nh s b n. ....................................................................................... 11

1.2.10 Phn b cc b n da trn cc yu t. ....................................................... 11

1.3 P DNG PHNG PHP TRN TA TNH TON CHIU SNG CHO
PHNG A1 V A2. ...................................................................................................... 12
1.4

TNH TON CHIU SNG CHO PHNG A3 V A4. ................................... 13

1.5 TNH TON CHIU SNG CHO PHNG BO V V PHNG HNH

CHNH. .......................................................................................................................... 15
1.5.1

Phng bo v. ................................................................................................ 15

1.5.2

Phng hnh chnh. ......................................................................................... 16

CHNG II: XC INH PH TI TNH TON CA TON TRNG .................. 18

2.1

XC NH PH TI C TRONG CC PHNG. ........................................... 18

2.1.1

Nh A1. ......................................................................................................... 18

2.1.2

Nh A2. ......................................................................................................... 18

2.1.3

Nh A3. ......................................................................................................... 18

2.1.4

Nh A4. ......................................................................................................... 19

2.1.5

Phng Bo V................................................................................................ 19

2.1.6

Phng Hnh Chnh. ....................................................................................... 19

2.2

TNH TON PH TI CHO CC PHNG. ..................................................... 20

2.2.1

Cc phng php xc nh ph ti. ............................................................... 20

SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

2.2.1.1 Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo sut tiu hao in nng trn mt n v

sn phm. ................................................................................................................ 20
2.2.1.2
xut.

Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo sut ph ti trn mt n v din tch sn

20

2.2.1.3

Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut t v h s nhu cu............. 20

2.2.1.4

Cch xc nh ph ti cng trnh theo h s cc i (k m ax ) v cng sut

trung bnh P tb ( phng php s thit b hiu qu ). ............................................... 21

2.2.2

Tnh ton ph ti cho nh A1. ....................................................................... 22

2.2.3

Tnh ton ph ti cho nh A2. ....................................................................... 23

2.2.4

Tnh ton ph ti cho nh A3. ....................................................................... 23

2.2.5

Tnh ton ph ti cho nh A4. ....................................................................... 24

2.2.6

Tnh ton ph ti cho phng bo v. ............................................................. 24

2.2.7

Tnh ton ph ti cho phng hnh chnh. ...................................................... 25

CHNG III: D KIN PHNG PHP CUNG CP IN ..................................... 26

CHNG IV: TNH TON LA CHN THIT B ..................................................... 27
3.1

CHN MY BIN P. ...................................................................................... 27

3.1.1

S lc v trm bin p................................................................................. 27

3.1.2

La chn cc thit b t sau my bin p. ..................................................... 27

3.2

CHN DY DN V KH C BO V. ......................................................... 27

3.2.1

C s l thuyt. ............................................................................................. 28

3.2.2

Tnh ton kh c bo v v dy dn t trm bin p n t phn phi. ........ 28

3.2.2.1

Chn ptmat (MCCB) tng. ................................................................. 28

3.2.2.2

Chn dy dn. ......................................................................................... 28

3.2.2.3

Chn thanh dn. ...................................................................................... 29

3.2.2.4

La chn thit b bo v cho t khi xay ra s c mt pha hay chm t.

29

3.2.3 La chn dy dn v APTOMAT phn phi ti cc t phn phi ca nh

trong trng. ............................................................................................................... 30
3.2.3.1

Nh A1.................................................................................................... 30

3.2.3.2

Nh A2.................................................................................................... 30

3.2.3.3

Nh A3.................................................................................................... 30

3.2.3.4

Nh A4.................................................................................................... 31

3.2.3.5

Phng bo v. ......................................................................................... 31

SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

3.2.3.6

Phng hnh chnh. .................................................................................. 31

3.2.4

Chn thit b cho t in ring ca cc nh. ................................................. 32

3.2.4.1

Thit k t in cho nh A1. .................................................................. 32

3.2.4.2

Thit k t in cho nh A2. .................................................................. 33

3.2.4.3

Thit k t in cho nh A3. .................................................................. 34

3.2.4.4

Thit k t in cho nh A4. .................................................................. 35

3.2.4.5

Thit k t in cho phng hnh chnh. ................................................. 36

3.2.5

Thit k cc t b cung cp in cho cc thit b ca tng phng hc. ........ 37

3.2.5.1

Phng hc cho nh A1, A2. .................................................................... 37

3.2.5.2

Phng hc cho nh A3,A4. ..................................................................... 37

3.2.5.3

Phng bo v. ......................................................................................... 38

3.2.5.4

Phng hnh chnh. .................................................................................. 38

4.1. CHN PHNG N I DY TH NHT ( TIA ). ........................................ 41

CHNG V: TNH TON TIP A CHO TRM BIN P ...................................... 42
5.1

KHI NIM V ST. ......................................................................................... 42

5.1.1

Tc hi ca st. .............................................................................................. 42

5.1.2

Gii php phng chng st. ........................................................................... 43

5.2

5.1.2.1

Thut ng v nh ngha. ........................................................................ 43

5.1.2.2

Chc nng ca h thng chng st. ........................................................ 43

CHN H THNG TIP A. .......................................................................... 43

CHNG VI: TNH TON LNG B CI THIN H S CNG SUT .............. 46

CHNG VII: D TON CNG TRNH IN ........................................................... 47

GII THIU V H THNG CUNG CP IN

1. NGHA CA NGHIM V THIT K CUNG CP IN
Nng lng in hay cn gi l in nng, hin nay l mt dng nng lng rt
ph bin v quang trng i vi th gii ni chung v c nc ni ring. in nng
sn xut t cc nh my c truyn ti v cung cp cho cc h tiu th. Trong
vic truyn ti in ti cc h tiu th vic thit k cung cp in l mt khu rt
quang trng . Vi thi i hin nay, nn kinh t nc ta ang pht trin mnh m
SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

theo s hi nhp ca th gii, i sng x hi ca nhn dn c nng cao, nn

cn nhng tin nghi trong cuc sng nn i hi mc tiu th v in cng tng
cao. Do vic thit k cung cp in khng th thiu c trong xu th hin nay.
Nh vy mt n thit k cung cp in cn tha mn cc yu cu sau:
tin cy cp in: mc tin cy cung cp in ph thuc vo yu cu
ca ph ti. Vi cng trnh quang trng cp quc gia phi m bo lien tc
cp in mc cao nht. Nhng di tng nh nh my, x nghip, ta nh
cao tng ...tt nht l dng my pht in d phng khi mt in s dng
my pht .
Cht lng in: c nh gi qua hai tiu ch tiu tn s v in p , in
p trung v h ch cho php trong khong 5% do thit k m nhim.
Cn ch tiu tn s do c quang in lc quc gia iu chnh.
An ton in: cng trnh cp in phi c tnh an ton cao cho ngi vn
hnh, ngi s dng thit b v cho ton b cng trnh.
Kinh t: trong qu trnh thit k ta phi da ra nhiu phng n ri chn lc
trong cc phng n c hiu qu kinh t cao.
2. S LC V CNG TRNH TNH TON .
Thit k cung cp in cho mt trng hc c s mt bng nh sau:
N

Bo v

120m

Nh A1

Nh A2

Nh A3

Nh A4

Ngun in (N): - in p nh mc: Um = 10KV.

Nh A1: Gm 4 tng mi tng 6 phng din tch 10x16m
Nh A2: Gm 2 tng mi tng 6 phng din tch 10x16m
Nh A3: Gm 5 tng mi tng 4 phng din tch 8x14m
Nh A4: Gm 4 tng mi tng 6 phng din tch 8x14m
Phng bo v 5x8m
Phng hnh chnh : Gm 2 tng mi tng 3 phng din tch 4x6m.
Cc nh A1, A2, A3, A4 l cc phng hc gm qut trn, n chiu sng, cm.
SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Phng bo v: gm qut trn, n chiu sng, cm, ti vi,

Phng hnh chnh : gm qut trn, n chiu sng, cm, 02 my tnh,01 iu ha.
Kdt = 0,8
Thi gian s dng cng sut cc i: Tmax= 3000h.

SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

CHNG I: TNH TON CHIU SNG CHO MT PHNG

HC
1.1 TNH CHT CA VIC THIT K , LP T.
Khi thit k chiu sng cho phng hc, ging ng, v cc phng hnh chnh
ngoi nh sng t nhin cn phi c nh sng n v yu cu cu t ra cho ngi
thit k :
m bo ri y trn b mt lm vic . Phi c s tng phn gia cc mt
cn chiu sng v nn, mc chiu sng v s tp hp quang ph chiu sng .
ri phn b ng u, n nh trong qu trnh chiu sng trn phm vi b mt
lm vic bng cch hn ch dao ng ca li in.
Tp hp quang ph nh sng , nht l lc cn m bo s truyn sng tt nht hn
ch s la mt, hn ch s mt mi khi lm vic, hc tp
Hn ch s phn x chi ca ngun sng bng cch dng nh sng phn x, chn
cch b tr n, chiu cao treo n sao cho ph hp vi v tr a hnh.
1.2 TRNH T TNH TON CHIU SNG
1.2.1 Nghin cu v i tng chiu sng :
c nghin cu theo nhiu gc :
Hnh dng , kch thc, cc b mt, cc h s phn x , c im phn b cc
c, thit b
- Mc d bi, m, rung nh hng ca mi trng .
- Cc iu kin v kh nng phn b v gii hn.
- c tnh cung cp in (ngun 3 pha, 1 pha..).
- Loi cng vic tin hnh
- cng thng cng vic
- La tui ngi s dng
- Cc kh nng v iu kin bo tr .
1.2.2 La chn ri yu cu.
ri l sng trn b mt c chiu sng . ri dc chn phi m bo
nhn mi chi tit cn tht m mt nhn khng mt mi. Theo Lin X ri tiu
chun v l ri nh nht ti mt im trn b mt lm vic. Cn theo Php, M
ri tiu chun l ri trung bnh trn b mt lm vic cc gi tr ri tiu
chun trong thang ri:
0.2;0.3;0.5;1;2;3;5;7;10;20;30;50;75;100;150;200;300;400;500;600;750;1000;1250
;2000;2500;3000;3500;4000;4500;5000 lux.
SVTH: Nhm 4

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Khi la chn gi tr ri phi da trn thang ri , khng c chn gi tr

ngoi thang ri .
v d chn E=200lx hoc E=300lx khng c chn E= 250 lx.
Vic chn ri ph thuc vo cc yu t sau:
Loi cng vic , kch thc cc vt, s sai bit ca vt v hu cnh
Mc cng thng ca cng vic
La tui ngi s dng
H chiu sng, loi ngun sng la chn.
1.2.3 Chn h sng.
Gm hai h sng
H 1: Vi h chiu sng chung, khng nhng b mt lm vic c m tt c mi
ni trong phng c chiu sng. Trong trng hp ny n c phn b pha
trn vi cao cch sn tng i. Trong h chiu sng ny c hai phng thc
t n chung v v khu vc .
Trong h chiu sng chung u: khong cch t cc n trong mt dy c t
cch u nhau, m bo cc iu kin chiu sng mi ni nh nhau.
Trong h chiu sng khu vc: khi cn phi thm nhng phn chiu sng m nhng
phn ny chim din tch kh ln, ti ch lm vic khng s dng cc n chiu
sng ti ch.
Cc n dc chn t theo s la chn h chiu sng :
- Yu cu ca i tng chiu sng .
- c im, cu trc cn nh v s phn b thit b.
- Kh nng kinh t , iu kin bo tr .
1.2.4 Chn ngun sng.
Chn ngun sng ph thuc vo
- Nhit mu ca ngun sng theo biu Kruithof
- Cc tnh nng ca ngun sng : c tnh nh sng , mu sc tui th n
- Mc s dng ( lin tc hay gin on ), nhit mi trng, kinh t.
chn nhit mu Tm : biu Kruithof ( bng 3 ph lc) cho php la chn bng
n theo ri yu cu trong mi trng tin nghi.. .
chn ch s mu Ra : chiu cc n khc nhau ln cng mt vt, ta s thy vt c
mu khc nhau. S bin i ny do pht x ph khc nhau ca cc bng n, c
nh gi qua sai lch mu v gn cho mt ch s mu Ra . Vi cc cc n c:
Ra <50: cc mu ca vt b chiu hon ton thay i .
Ra <70: s dng trong cng nghip khi s th hin mu th yu
70< Ra < 80: s dng ni thng thng , s th hin mu c th chp nhn
c
SVTH: Nhm 4

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Ra >80 : s dng ni i hi s th hin mu quang trng.

1.2.5 Chn b n.
Vic la chn b n da trn:
- Tnh cht mi trng xung quanh
- Cc yu cu v s phn b nh sng , s gim chi
- Cc cp b n c phn chia theo tiu chun IEC
1.2.6 La chn chiu cao treo n.
Ty theo c im i tng : loi cng vic , loi bong n, s gim chi , b mt
lm vic
Ta c th phn b cc n st trn (h=0) hoc cch trn mt khong h. Chiu cao
b mt lm vic c th trn cao 0.8m so vi mt sn ( mt bn) hoc ngay trn
sn ty theo cng vic . khi cao treo n so vi b mt lm vic :
htt H-h-0,8.
Ta cn ch rng chiu cao htt i vi n hunh quang khng vt qu 4m. Nu
khng sng trn b mt lm vic s khng . Cn i vi cc n thy ngn
cao p , n halogen kim loi.. Nn treo trn cao t 5m tr ln trnh chi.
1.2.7 Xc nh cc thng s k thut chiu sng.
Tnh ch s a im: dc trung cho kch thc hnh hc:

K=

ab
htt (ab)

trong :

a ,b l chiu di, chiu rng ca cn phng.

htt l chiu cao h tnh ton .
Tnh h s b: c th chn gi tr h s b theo bng 7(ti liu 1/37) ph lc ty
thuc vo loi bng n v mc bi ca mi trng hoc tnh theo cng thc
D=

1 2

Chn h s suy gim quang thng 1 ty theo loi bng n.

Chn h s suy gim quang thng do bi bn 2 ; ty theo mc bi bn, loi k
hu , mc kn ca b n
Tnh t s treo: j=

h'
h' htt

Vi h l chiu cao t mt n n trn

Xc nh h s s dng :
Da trn cc thng s : loi b n, t s treo, ch s a im, h s phn x trn
tng, sn.

SVTH: Nhm 4

10

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Trong trng hp loi b n khng c bn cc gi tr h s s dng, th ta xc

nh cp ca b n , ri tra gi tr c ch trong bng ph lc t xc nh h
s s dng U.
U= d u d i ui
d , i : l hiu sut trc tip v gin tip ca b n
Trong :
u d , u i : l h s c ch ng vi nhm trc tip v gin tip.
1.2.8 Xc nh quang thng tng yu cu.
=
Trong :
Etc l ri la chn theo tiu chun ( lux).
a, b l kch thc ca phng hc.
d l h s b.
l quang thng tng ca cc b n.
1.2.9 Xc nh s b n.
S b n c xc nh bng cch chia quang thng tng ca cc b n cho
quang thng ca cc bng
Trong mt b n ty thuc vo s b n tnh c ta c th lm trn ln hn
hoc nh hn tin phn chia cc dy( lm trn khng c php vt qu 10%
-20%. Nu khng s b n la chn s khng m bo ri yu cu.
N b

tng

cacbong / 1bo 6

Kim tra sai s quang thng khng vt qu mc (10%-20%)

%

N bden . cacbong / 1bo tng

tng

Kim tra ri trung bnh

Etb

N bo6 den . cacbong / b .U

S .d

1.2.10 Phn b cc b n da trn cc yu t.

Phn b cho ri ng u v trnh chi , c im kin trc di tng , phn b
d c
-Tha mn nhu cu v khong cch ti a gia cc dy v gia cc bng n
trong mt dy, d dng vn hnh v bo tr
Ta phn b cc b n sao cho khong cch trong mt dy l Ldoc Ldoc max .
Nu cc khong cch vt qu mc cho php th phi phn b li .
- Chn khong cch t dy n ngoi cng n tng bng (0,3 -0,5).
SVTH: Nhm 4

11

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

1.3 P DNG PHNG PHP TRN TA TNH TON CHIU SNG

CHO PHNG A1 V A2.
Chiu di : a = 16 m
Chiu rng: b = 10 m
Chiu cao : c = 3.5m(Ta chn).
Mu sn :
Trn : mu trng ,
Tng : mu xanh trng
Sn : gch
H s phn x trn tng sn ln lt l: 7:5:3
ri yu cu: 200-500lx) dnh cho trng hc
ta chn E tc 400lx
Chn h chiu sng: chung u
Chn ngun sng.
E=400lx nn chn n hunh quang trung tnh theo biu Knuithof nhit
mu phi nm gia 3000k v 4000k
Ch s hin th CRI >=70. Kiu n chiu sng trc tip rng.
Chn n hunh quang Rng ng Super Deluxe FL-36D 3540 lm chiu di
1.2m nhit mu 3000k.
B n cp B c t s L/h= 0.8.
C P=36W.
Chn h thng.
Ta gi thit phng hc cao H=3.5m, bn cao hb =0.85m.
n treo p trn h=0;
h= H - hb = 3.5- 0.85=2.65m.

Hnh 1: s b tr n lm vic
Nu b tr nhiu dy th ta c t s L/h tiu chun phng l 1.6
SVTH: Nhm 4

12

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Khong cch: L=1.6x2.56=4.2m.

Ta c L<=4m.
Nh th vi b=10 ta s b tr 3 dy n cch nhau 4m. Mi dy c 4 n.
Ta c khong cch theo chiu ngang l Ln= 3.6m, theo chiu dc l Ld= 4m.
Kim tra iu kin:
q

Thay s vo ta c:
1.3 1.4 2 v 1.2 1.4 1.8.
Vy n m bo yu cu v chiu sng.
S lng bng ti thiu l Nmin=12 bng.
Ch s a im:
K=

= 1,785

Ch s treo n: J=0;
Xc nh h s s dng quang thng
Theo cp n B v cc h s phn x 1 2 3=7:5:3 c U=0.62.
Tng quang thng yu cu.
=

= 161290 (lm).

S lng n theo yu cu.

Chiu sng chung N=

= 43,7 bng.

Nh vy ta chn n i cng cng sut.

Nn s l 21 b n. Trong c 12 b n chiu sng chung v 3 b n
chiu sng bng, 6 b xen k qut trn.
Nh vy s lng n s dng cho nh A1 l 1008 n cho 4 tng, mi tng 6
phng.
Cho nh A2 l 504 n cho 2 tng, mi tng 6 phng.
1.4 TNH TON CHIU SNG CHO PHNG A3 V A4.
Chiu di : a = 14 m
Chiu rng: b = 8 m
Chiu cao : c = 3.5m(Ta chn).
Mu sn :
Trn : mu trng.
Tng : mu xanh trng.
SVTH: Nhm 4

13

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Sn : gch.
H s phn x trn tng sn ln lt l : 7:5:3
ri yu cu: 200-500lx) dnh cho trng hc
ta chn E tc 350lx
Chn h chiu sng : chung u
Chn ngun sng.
E=350lx nn chn n hunh quang trung tnh theo biu Knuithof nhit
mu phi nm gia 3000k v 4000k.
Chn ngun sng.
E=400lx nn chn n hunh quang trung tnh theo biu Knuithof nhit
mu phi nm gia 3000k v 4000k
Ch s hin th CRI >=70. Kiu n chiu sng trc tip rng.
Chn n hunh quang Rng ng Super Deluxe FL-36D 3540 lm chiu di
1.2m nhit mu 3000k.
B n cp B c t s L/h= 0.8.
C P=36W.
Chn h thng.
Ta gi thit phng hc cao H=3.5m, bn cao hb =0.85m.
n treo p trn h=0;
h= H - hb = 3.5- 0.85=2.65m.

Hnh 2: s b tr n lm vic
Nu b tr nhiu dy th ta c t s L/h tiu chun phng l 1.6
Khong cch: L=1.6x2.56=4.2m.
Ta c L<=4m.
Nh th ta s b tr 2 dy n cch nhau 4m. Mi dy c 4 n.
S lng bng ti thiu l Nmin=8 bng.
Ch s a im:
K=

= 1,45.

Ch s treo n: J=0;
SVTH: Nhm 4

14

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Xc nh h s s dng quang thng

Theo cp n B v cc h s phn x 1 2 3=7:5:3 c U=0,58.
Tng quang thng yu cu.
=

= 105603(lm).

S lng n theo yu cu.

Chiu sng chung N=

= 27,5 bng.

Nh vy ta chn n i cng cng sut nh vy phi dung 13 b.

Trong ta dng 2 b chiu sng bng. 11 b n chiu sng chung.
Nh vy s lng n s dng cho nh A3 l 520 n cho 5 tng, mi tng 4
phng.
S lng n s dng cho nh A4 l 624 n cho 4 tng, mi tng 6 phng.
1.5 TNH TON CHIU SNG CHO PHNG BO V V PHNG
HNH CHNH.
1.5.1 Phng bo v.
Phng bo v vi din tch phng l 5x8m.
Chn ri.
E= 300lx vi phng lm vic.
Chn ngun sng.
Vi E= 300lx ta chn n hunh quang Rng ng 36W c quang thng
F=3450lm, di 1,2m.
Chn sut ph ti chiu sng cho phng lm vic P0= 15(W/m2)
Vi din tch S= 8x5=40m2.
Ta c Pcs= P0.S= 15.40= 600W.
Xc nh s lng n.
Vi t s L/h = 1,3.
h = H- hb = 3,5-0.8= 2,7m.
L = 1,3.h=1,3.2,7= 3.5m. Chon L=3m.
Vi khong cch nh th ta b tr 2 dy n cch nhau 3m. Mi dy gm
3 b n cch nhau ti tm l 3m.
L dc l 0.7m v l ngang l 0.4m.
B tr n.
ta xp thnh 2 hng. Mi hng c 3 n. Tng Nmin= 6 n.
Tng quang thng.
Vi tiu chun phng lm vic ta c U s dung =0,5.
Tng quang thng yu cu l:
SVTH: Nhm 4

15

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

= 37500(lm).

Vi F mi bng l 3450lm.
Ta c s bng theo yu cu l:
N=37500/3450 = 9,7.
Nh vy ta dng 9 n.
1.5.2 Phng hnh chnh.
Phng hnh chnh gm 2 tng mi tng 3 phng din tch 4x6m
Chn ri.
Theo bng 8 TCXDVN 7114: 2002
i vi phng cng s E= 400lx.
Chn ngun sng.
E=400lx nn chn n hunh quang trung tnh theo biu Knuithof nhit
mu phi nm gia 3000k v 4000k
Ch s hin th CRI >=70. Kiu n chiu sng trc tip rng.
Chn n hunh quang Rng ng Super Deluxe FL-36D 3200 lm chiu di
1.2m nhit mu 3000k.
B n cp B c t s L/h= 0.8.
C P=36W.
Chn h thng.
Ta gi thit lm vic cao H=3.5m, bn cao hb =0.85m.
n treo p trn h=0;
h= H - hb = 3.5- 0.85=2.65m.
L/h theo dy l 1.3
Khong cch: L=1,3x2.56=3,328m
Ta c L<=3m.
Nh th ta s b tr 2 dy n. Mi dy c 2 n.
Khong cch l theo chiu dc l 0,3m.
Khong cch l theo chiu ngang l 0,9m.
Vy n m bo yu cu v chiu sng.
S lng bng ti thiu l Nmin=4 bng.
Ch s a im:
K=

= 0,68

Ch s treo n: J=0;
Xc nh h s s dng quang thng
Theo cp n B v cc h s phn x 1 2 3=7:5:3 c U=0,46.
Tng quang thng yu cu.
SVTH: Nhm 4

16

 n mn
=

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

= 32608 (lm).

S lng n theo yu cu.

Chiu sng chung N=

= 9,45 bng.

Nh vy chn 9 n l hiu qu cho mi phng.

Vi 2 tng 3 phng ta c s lng n 54 chic.

SVTH: Nhm 4

17

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

CHNG II: XC INH PH TI TNH TON CA TON

TRNG
XC NH PH TI C TRONG CC PHNG.
2.1.1 Nh A1.
Phng c kch thc sau: a=16m ;
b=10m ;
h=3,5 m
2
Theo yu cu vi qut trn th 20m /1 chic.
Nh vy vi din tch 160m2 ca phng ta co th sp xp c 8 chic.
Sau khi c cc s liu thit b do khch hng cung cp ta c bng tn cc thit b
cn dng , thit b chiu sng c tnh ton phn tnh ton chiu sng ta lp
c bng sau:
stt
Tn thit b
S lng
1
n hunh quang
1008 n n
2
Qut trn
192 chic
3
cm in
192 ci
4
Hp s qut
192 ic
2.1.2 Nh A2.
Phng c kch thc sau: a=16m ;
b=10m ;
h=3,5 m
2
Theo yu cu vi qut trn th 20m /1 chic.
Nh vy vi din tch 160m2 ca phng ta co th sp xp c 8 chic.
Sau khi c cc s liu thit b do khch hng cung cp ta c bng tn cc thit b
cn dng , thit b chiu sng c tnh ton phn tnh ton chiu sng ta lp
c bng sau:
stt
Tn thit b
S lng
1
n hunh quang
504 n n
2
Qut trn
96 chic
3
cm in
96 ci
4
Hp s qut
96 chic
2.1.3 Nh A3.
Phng c kch thc sau: a=14m ;
b=8m ;
h=3,5 m
2
Theo yu cu vi qut trn th 20m /1 chic.
Nh vy vi din tch 112m2 ca phng ta co th sp xp c 6 chic.
Sau khi c cc s liu thit b do khch hng cung cp ta c bng tn cc thit b
cn dng , thit b chiu sng c tnh ton phn tnh ton chiu sng ta lp
c bng sau:
2.1

SVTH: Nhm 4

18

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

stt
Tn thit b
S lng
1
n hunh quang
520 n n
2
Qut trn
120 chic
3
cm in
160 ci
4
Hp s qut
120 chic
2.1.4 Nh A4.
Phng c kch thc sau: a=14m ;
b=8m ;
h=3,5 m
2
Theo yu cu vi qut trn th 20m /1 chic.
Nh vy vi din tch 112m2 ca phng ta co th sp xp c 6 chic.
Sau khi c cc s liu thit b do khch hng cung cp ta c bng tn cc thit b
cn dng , thit b chiu sng c tnh ton phn tnh ton chiu sng ta lp
c bng sau:
stt
Tn thit b
S lng
1
n hunh quang
624 n n
2
Qut trn
144 chic
3
cm in
192 ci
4
Hp s qut
144 chic
2.1.5 Phng Bo V.
Phng c kch thc sau: a=8m ;
b=5m ;
h=3,5 m
2
Theo yu cu vi qut trn th 20m /1 chic.
Nh vy vi din tch 40m2 ca phng ta c th sp xp c 2 chic.
Sau khi c cc s liu thit b do khch hng cung cp ta c bng tn cc thit b
cn dng , thit b chiu sng c tnh ton phn tnh ton chiu sng ta lp
c bng sau:
stt
Tn thit b
S lng
1
n hunh quang
9 n n
2
Qut trn
2 chic
3
cm in
6 ci
4
Hp s qut
2 chic
5
Tivi
2 chic
2.1.6 Phng Hnh Chnh.
Phng c kch thc sau: a=6m ;
b=4m ;
h=3,5 m
2
Theo yu cu vi qut trn th 20m /1 chic.
Nh vy vi din tch 24m2 ca phng ta co th sp xp c 2 chic.
Sau khi c cc s liu thit b do khch hng cung cp ta c bng tn cc thit b
cn dng , thit b chiu sng c tnh ton phn tnh ton chiu sng ta lp
c bng sau:

SVTH: Nhm 4

19

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

stt
1
2
4
5
6
7

Tn thit b
n hunh quang
Qut trn
cm in
Hp s qut
My Tnh
iu Ha

S lng
54 n n
12 chic
36 ci
12 chic
12 chic
6 chic

2.2 TNH TON PH TI CHO CC PHNG.

2.2.1 Cc phng php xc nh ph ti.
2.2.1.1 Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo sut tiu hao in nng trn
mt n v sn phm.
Ta c cng thc :
P tt

MW 0
Tm ax

Trong :
T m ax : L thi gian s dng cng sut ln nht trong mt nm.
W 0 : Mc tiu hao in nng cho mt n v sn phm (kwh/vsp).
M : S lng sn phm trong nm.
u im cho kt qu kh chnh xc.
Nhc im ch ch gii hn cho mt s thit b nh : qut gi, bm nc my nn
kh vv
2.2.1.2 Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo sut ph ti trn mt n v
din tch sn xut.
Ta c cng thc :
P tt P0 .S
Trong :
P 0 : Sut ph ti trn mt n v din tch sn xut (KW/m 2 )
S : din tch b tr nhm tiu th ( m 2 )
Phng php ny cho kt qu gn ng nn dng trong thit k s b v c
dng tnh ton cho nhng phn xng c mt my mc tng i u s b
2.2.1.3 Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut t v h s nhu cu.
n

P tt k nc Pdi (KW)
i 1

M P d

Pdm

Cng sut phn khng

Q tt Ptt .tg
SVTH: Nhm 4

20

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Vi tg c xc nh theo cng thc

n

Cos =

di

n 1

. cos

P
n 1

P1. cos 1 P2 cos 2 ... Pn cos n

P1 P2 ... Pn

di

Cng sut biu kin :

S tt k dt . Ptt2 Qtt2
Dng in nh mc
I tt

S0
3.U dm

Trong :
P di : cng sut t th I (KW)
P dm : cong sut nh mc th I (KW)
: hiu sut ca thit b.
k nc : h s nhu cu s dng ca nhm thit b c trng
k dt : h s ng thi (0,85 1)
u im : n gin thun tin , s dng ph bin
Nhc im l : khng chnh xc v h s v h s s dng phi tra s tay ,
khng ph thuc vo ch vn hnh ca mi thit b.trong nhm .
2.2.1.4 Cch xc nh ph ti cng trnh theo h s cc i (k m ax ) v
cng sut trung bnh P tb ( phng php s thit b hiu qu ).
Cch tnh nh sau:
Cng sut tnh ton : P tt k max.k sd . Pi
Trong : k m ax : h s cc i ca cng sut tc dng
n hq : s thit b hiu qu c tnh bng biu thc : n hq n *hq .n
k sd : h s s dng , ly t th ph ti , c tnh bng biu thc :
n

k sd

di

n 1

.K sdi

P
n 1

P1 .k sd 1 P2 .k sd 2 ... Pn .k sdn
P1 P2 ... Pn

di

n*= n1
n

p*=

P
n 1
n

P
n 1

SVTH: Nhm 4

n1

21

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Trong :
- n: s thit b trong nhm
- n 1 : s thit b cng sut ln hn hoc bng mt na s thit b c cng sut
ln nht
- Pn1 : tng cng sut nh mc ca n 1 thit b.
- Pn : tng cng sut nh mc ca n thit b.
u im ca phng n ny l cho kt qu c chnh xc kh cao v khi
xc nh s thit b hiu qu chng ta xt ti cc yu t quang trng nh :
nh hng ca cc thit b trong nhm v cng sut cng nh vn hnh.
2.2.2 Tnh ton ph ti cho nh A1.
p dng phng php 3 l xc nh ph ti theo cng sut t v h s nhu cu ta
tnh ton ph ti cho trng hc do ti ca ta l ti c nh t thay i , ngun cung
cp vi cng sut tng i nh.
Ta xc nh cc thng s sau:
H s s dng k sd :
Trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng , cng sut tiu th thc thng b hn gi
tr dnh mc ca n. Do h s s dng k sd c dng nh gi gi tr cng
sut tiu th thc . H s ny cn c p dng cho tng ti ring bit( nht l
ng c v chng him khi chy y ti ).
Trong mng in h s ny c chng l 0,75 cho ng c, vi dy tc bng n
th bng 1.
Ta chn k sd =0,8 cho cc thit b vn phng .
k sd =0,75 cc ng c (thang my , bm nc cha chy , qut)
H s ng thi ( k dt ):
- Thng thng th s vn hnh ca tt c cc ti c trong mt li in l
khng bao gi xy ra . H s ng thi ( k dt ) s c dng nh gi ph
ti .
- H s k dt thng c dng cho mt nhm ti ( c ni cng vi t phn
phi chnh hoc t phn phi ph ).
- Vic xc nh i hi s hiu bit chi tit ca ngi thit k v mch v iu
kin vn hnh ca tng ti ring bit trong mng .Do vy kh c th xc
nh chnh xc cho tng trng hp.
Trong trng hp ny ta chn h s k dt =0,8 dnh cho cc t phn ph chnh v
ph dnh cho cng trnh chung c , ta nh cao tng .
Sau khi lp phng n ti cho phng 70 ch, cc thng s k sd n v qut c tra
theo tiu chun IEC, h s chn cos theo tiu chun xy dng chun thit k
SVTH: Nhm 4

22

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

TCXD-27-1991, chn h s cng sut cho ph ti trng H, C, TH dy ngh l

0,85. Ta tin hnh lp bng s liu v tnh ton nh sau:
stt
Tn thit b
S lng
cos
p d (W)
k sd
k dt
p tt (W)
1

n hunh
quang

1008

1008.36=
36288

Qut trn

192

192.100=
19200

0.75

cm in

192

Hp s qut

192

0.8

0.8

50494

0.85

2.2.3 Tnh ton ph ti cho nh A2.

Sau khi lp phng n ti cho phng, cc thng s k sd n v qut c tra theo
tiu chun IEC , chn cos theo mng in quc gia l 0,85. ta tin hnh lp bng
s liu v tnh ton nh sau:
stt Tn thit b
S
cos
p d (W)
k sd
k dt
p tt (W)
lng

n hunh
quang

504

504.36=
18144

Qut trn

96

96.100=
9600

0.75

cm in

96

Hp s qut

96

0.8

0.8

25247

0.85

2.2.4 Tnh ton ph ti cho nh A3.

Sau khi lp phng n ti cho phng, cc thng s k sd n v qut c tra theo
tiu chun IEC , chn cos theo mng in quc gia l 0,85. ta tin hnh lp bng
s liu v tnh ton nh sau:
stt Tn thit b
S
cos
p d (W)
k sd
k dt
p tt (W)
lng

n hunh
quang

SVTH: Nhm 4

520

520.36=
18720

0.8

23

 n mn
2

Qut trn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

120

cm in

160

Hp s qut

120

120.100=
12000

0.75

0.85
0.8

27648

2.2.5 Tnh ton ph ti cho nh A4.

Sau khi lp phng n ti cho phng, cc thng s k sd n v qut c tra theo
tiu chun IEC , chn cos theo mng in quc gia l 0,85. ta tin hnh lp bng
s liu v tnh ton nh sau
stt Tn thit b
S
p d (W)
k sd
k dt
p tt (W) cos
lng

n hunh
quang

624

624.36=
22464

Qut trn

144

144.100=
14400

0.75

cm in

192

Hp s qut

144

0.8

0.8

33177,6 0.85

2.2.6 Tnh ton ph ti cho phng bo v.

Sau khi lp phng n ti cho phng, cc thng s k sd n v qut c tra theo
tiu chun IEC , chn cos theo mng in quc gia l 0,85. ta tin hnh lp bng
s liu v tnh ton nh sau:
stt Tn thit b
S
cos
p d (W)
k sd
k dt
p tt (W)
lng

n hunh
quang

9.36=324

Qut trn

2.100=200

0.75

Tivi

1.200=200

0.8

cm in

SVTH: Nhm 4

0.8

0.8

658,84

0.85
0.85

24

 n mn
5

Hp s qut

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

2

2.2.7 Tnh ton ph ti cho phng hnh chnh.

Sau khi lp phng n ti cho phng, cc thng s k sd n v qut c tra theo
tiu chun IEC , chn cos theo mng in quc gia l 0,85. ta tin hnh lp bng
s liu v tnh ton nh sau:
stt Tn thit b
S
cos
p d (W)
k sd
k dt
p tt (W)
lng

n hunh
quang

54

54.36=
1944

Qut trn

12

0.75

My tnh

12

iu ha

12.100=
1200
12.500=
6000
6.750.1,5=
6750

cm in

96

Hp s qut

96

0.8

0.8

13509,9

0.85

0.8

0.85

0.8

0.85

Cng sut tiu th ca c trng:

Ptong 50494 + 25247 + 27648 + 33177,6 + 658,84 + 13509,9 =150735W=
151kW.
Do tnh cht ca ta nh l cc phng khng ng thi hot dng cng lc gim
din p ta nhn vi h s dng thi l 0,8 .
Ptong 0,8.151=120,8 kW
ta chn h s cng sut l 0,85
Cng sut biu kin S tt =

Cng sut phng khng : Q=

SVTH: Nhm 4

= 142,1 KVA
=

=74,83 VAR.

25

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

CHNG III: D KIN PHNG PHP CUNG CP IN

Da theo s mt bng ca trng hc ta ra 2 phng n cung cp in nh
sau:
Phng n 1:
Dng 1 trm bin p i dy theo s hnh tia. T trm bin p a n t phn
phi tng. Sau t t phn phi tng ta a n cc t in ph ca cc nh.
Phng n 2:
Dng 1 trm bin p i dy theo nhnh. Ta chia lm 4 nhm A1,A3 v A2,A4.
Phng hnh chnh, phng bo v.
Nhng em thy rng phng php i dy theo phng n 1( hnh tia) c nhiu u
im trong qu trnh sa cha, i dy cng nh chn dy.
Do phng n i dy s chn v tnh ton theo phng n 1, i hnh tia.

SVTH: Nhm 4

26

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

CHNG IV: TNH TON LA CHN THIT B

3.0 LA CHN THIT B TRC MY BIN P.
3.0.1 La chn dao cch ly.
Vi mng h p ang dng th dao cch ly c gi l cu dao.
Vi in p trung th 10kv.
Chu dng tnh ton 458A.
Ta chn cu dao cch ly cua HanSung, DS10KV, dng nh mc 500A.
3.0.2 La chn cu ch .
Vi thng s cho ta chn cu ch FCO 15kV_s ca Nam Phng c gi
2,300,000.0
3.0.2 La chn chng st van.
Chn chng st van HE18 c gi tr bng 12kV
3.1CHN MY BIN P.
3.1.1 S lc v trm bin p
Do cha bit s ph ti ca trng hc v ch lm vic gi sn xut nn vic
chn my bin p sec da theo Stt = 142,1kVA.
Do cng sut ca nh my khng ln lm v c th s dng my s phng. Cho
nn vic la chn nhiu my bin p s lm tng vn u t v cng khng cn
thit lm. Do ta chn phng n s dng my bin p c S=160kVA( thun
tin sau ny c dng thm cc thit b pht sinh).
Trn c s ta chn c MBA 3 pha 2 dy do Cty Th c sn xut c thng
s sau:
Sba kVA

in p.
kV

160

10/0.4

Tn tht cng
sut khng ti P0,
kW
1.2

Tn tht
ngn mch
Pn,kW
4.1

UN% IN%

5.5

3.1.2 La chn cc thit b t sau my bin p.

Phng n cp in nh sau:
Ta dt 1 t in tng ti phng trc. N c cp din t MBA qua 1 cu giao v
on cp ni.
Trong t in ta thit k nh sau:
Ta t 1 ATOMAT tng v 6 ATOMAT nhnh.
Trong t thit k cc thit b bo v chm t EGR v 3 bin ng o dng 3 pha.
T t in ta cho i 6 ng trc i cung cp in cho 6 khu vc cung cp.
La chn cc tht b trong t:
3.2 CHN DY DN V KH C BO V.
SVTH: Nhm 4

27

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

3.2.1 C s l thuyt.
C s l thuyt trong iu kin vn hnh ca cc kh c in, s cch in v cc
b phn cch in khc c th mt trong ba ch sau: ch lm vic lu di,
ch lm vic qu ti, ch lm vic ngn mch.
Ch lm vic lu di: cc kh c in, s cch in v cc b phn dn
in khc s lm vic tin cy nu chng c chn theo dung in p nh
mc.
Ch lm vic qu ti: trong ch lm vic qu ti dng in qua kh c
in, s cch in v b phn dy dn in khc s s c tr s ln hn gi
tr nh mc. S lm vic tin cy ca cc phn t trn c m bo bng
cc quy nh gi tr v thi gian in p hay dng in tng cao m khng
vt qu gi tr cho php.
Ch lm vic ngn mch: Trong tnh trng ngn mch, cc kh c in,
s cch in v cc b phn dn in khc vn m bo lm vic tin cy
nu qu trnh la chn chng c cc thng s theo ng iu kin n nh
ng v n nh nhit .
Ngoi ra , cn ch n v tr dt thit b , nhit mi trng xung quanh. Mc
m t, mc nhim vvv
3.2.2 Tnh ton kh c bo v v dy dn t trm bin p n t phn phi.
3.2.2.1 Chn ptmat (MCCB) tng.
Theo kt qu tnh ton ca ph ti ca
Ph ti ca ton trng l: S=142,1 kVA
Dng in tnh ton ca ph ti l : Itt =S/ U=142,1/ .0,4= 205A.
Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
I CB I tt .1,15=205.1,15=235,75 (A)
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct MeTaSol ca LS ta chn MCCB 3P c m l
ABN203C c dng nh mc l 250A. C gi 1.450.000.
3.2.2.2 Chn dy dn.
Ngun in i t trm bin p n t phn phi chnh l ngun 3 pha 4 dy vi
U dm 380 V , ta chn phng n i dy cp ngm.
vi phng n i dy ngm ta cn xc nh h s : K
K=K 4 .K 5 .K 6 .K 7
Trong
- K 4 : L th hin ca cch lp t.
Ta chn phng n i dy ngm trong ng PVC chon di t.
Ta chn K 4 =0,8
- K 5 : Th hin nh hng ca s t k nhau.
SVTH: Nhm 4

28

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Cc dy c coi l k nhau nu khong cch L gia chng nh hn hai ln ng

knh ca dy ln nht trong hai dy, ta chn h s K 5 =1
- K 6 : th hin nh hng ca t chn cp. V chn cp trong t kh nn
chn h s K 6 =1
- K 7 : th hin nh hng nhit ca t.
Theo IEC ta chn h s K 7 =0,89
Vy h s xc nh : K=K 4 .K 5 .K 6 .K 7 =0,8.1.1.0,89=0,71
T ta tnh c : I n

I CB 300

422 ,5 A
K 0,71

T kt qu tnh c nh trn , ly dy CADIVI ta chn tit din dy dn t trm

bin p ti t phn phi l dy rut ng CV c s li l 4 c tit din
3x200+1x185 mm 2 .
3.2.2.3 Chn thanh dn.
Dng in tnh ton ca ton cng trnh l:
Itt =S/ Ucos =142,1/ .0,4= 205A.
Chn thanh dn theo cc yu cu nh sau:
Mt dng F=

I lv
mm 2 .
J kt

Trong :
J kt : mt dng kinh t ca thanh dn (A/mm 2 ).
I lv : dng in lm vic bnh thng ca thanh dn (A).
Vi T m ax = 3000 gi/nm , v s dng loi dy trn v thanh ci bng ng theo
IEC ta chn J kt =1,8 A/mm 2

F=

I lv
=
J kt

= 114mm 2

Tra bng ta chn thanh dn c tit din F=30.4=120mm2.

Dng in pht nng lu di cho php:
Icp =

= 392,34A.

Vi thanh ci ng tit din 120mm2 dng cho php 475A vi mi pha 1 thanh.
Nh vy chon thanh ci ph hp.
3.2.2.4 La chn thit b bo v cho t khi xay ra s c mt pha hay chm
t.
- PMR : Relay bo v mt pha, o pha, mt cn bng p pha ca Schneider
Electric. ( thng s ta c th tm hiu qua cataloge ca n).
SVTH: Nhm 4

29

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

- EGR (Electronic Ground Fault Relay ): Relay bo v dng r (s dng

nguyn l dng r, ZCT) ca Schneider Electric. S dng kt hp vi bin
dng th t khng ca n ZCT.

3.2.3 La chn dy dn v APTOMAT phn phi ti cc t phn phi

ca nh trong trng.
3.2.3.1 Nh A1.
- Chn Aptomat.
Vi Ptt = 50494W = 50,5kW.
p dng cng thc:
Itt =P/ Ucos =50,5/ .0,38.0,85 = 90,3 A.
Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
I CB I tt .1,15= 90,3.1,15 =104 (A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5.90,3 = 135,45(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct MeTaSol ca LS ta chn MCCB 3P c m l
ABN203C c dng nh mc l 150A. C gi 1.450.000.
- Chn dy dn.
Vi dng in Itt = 96A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 25mm2 cho dng nh mc l
132A. Chn trc tip trong t.
3.2.3.2 Nh A2.
- Chn Aptomat.
Vi Ptt = 25427W = 25,4kW.
p dng cng thc:
Itt =P/ Ucos =25,4/ .0,38.0,85 = 45,4A.
Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
I CB I tt .1,15= 45,4.1,15 =52,21(A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5.45 = 67,5(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct MeTaSol ca LS ta chn MCCB 3P c m l
ABN103C c dng nh mc l 75A. C gi 760.000.
- Chn dy dn.
Vi dng in Itt = 45,4A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 10mm2 cho dng nh mc l
78A. Chn trc tip trong t.
3.2.3.3 Nh A3.
- Chn Aptomat.
Vi Ptt = 27648W = 27,7kW.
p dng cng thc:
Itt =P/ Ucos =27,7/ .0,38.0,85 = 49,5A.
SVTH: Nhm 4

30

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )

I CB I tt .1,15= 49,5.1,15 =57(A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5.49.5 = 74,25(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct MeTaSol ca LS ta chn MCCB 3P c m l
ABN103C c dng nh mc l 75A. C gi 760.000.
- Chn dy dn.
Vi dng in Itt = 49,5A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 10mm2 cho dng nh mc l
78A. Chn trc tip trong t.
3.2.3.4 Nh A4.
- Chn Aptomat.
Vi Ptt = 33177,6W = 33,2kW.
p dng cng thc:
Itt =P/ Ucos =33,2/ .0,38.0,85 = 59,34A.
Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
I CB I tt .1,15= 59,34.1,15 =68,24(A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5.59,34 = 89(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct MeTaSol ca LS ta chn MCCB 3P c m l
ABN103C c dng nh mc l 100A. C gi 760.000.
- Chn dy dn.
Vi dng in Itt = 59,34A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 16mm2 cho dng nh mc l
101A. Chn trc tip trong t.
3.2.3.5 Phng bo v.
- Chn Aptomat.
Vi Ptt = 658,84W = 0,7kW.
p dng cng thc:
Itt =P/ Ucos =0,7/ .0,38.0,85 = 1,25A.
Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
I CB I tt .1,15= 1,25.1,15 =1,43(A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5.1,25= 1,875(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct MeTaSol ca LS ta chn MCCB 2P c m l
ABS32C c dng nh mc l 10A. C gi 520.000.
- Chn dy dn.
Vi dng in Itt = 1,25A.
Chn dy 2 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 1,5mm2 cho dng nh mc l
26A. Chn trc tip trong t.
3.2.3.6 Phng hnh chnh.
SVTH: Nhm 4

31

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

- Chn Aptomat.
Vi Ptt = 13510W = 13,5kW.
p dng cng thc:
Itt =P/ Ucos =13,5/ .0,38.0,85 = 24,2A.
Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
I CB I tt .1,15= 24,2.1,15 =27,83(A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 24,2.1,25= 36,3(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct MeTaSol ca LS ta chn MCCB 3P c m l
ABN103C c dng nh mc l 40A. C gi 760.000.
- Chn dy dn.
Vi dng in Itt = 24,2A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 2,5mm2 cho dng nh mc l
35A. Chn trc tip trong t.
Nh vy ta chn xong thit b cho t phn phi chnh.
Theo thit k d tnh th vi cc nh A1, A2, A3, A4 v phng hnh chnh ta s
thit k lp t cc t in iu khin phn phi trung gian cho cc nh .

3.2.4 Chn thit b cho t in ring ca cc nh.

Cc t in ny cung cp in cho cc tng ca phng hc. N m bo v cung
cp in v an ton khi xy ra s c.
3.2.4.1 Thit k t in cho nh A1.
Ta thit k nh sau. Vi nh A1 c 4 tng, nh vy trong t in s bao gm:
aptomat cho 4 tng, 1 thanh ci.
- Tnh ton chn thanh ci:
Dng in tnh ton ca nh A1 l:
Itt =P/ Ucos =50494/ .380.0.85= 90,25A.
Chn thanh dn theo cc yu cu nh sau:
Mt dng F= mm .
2

Trong :
J kt : mt dng kinh t ca thanh dn (A/mm 2 ).
I lv : dng in lm vic bnh thng ca thanh dn (A).
Vi T m ax = 3000 gi/nm , v s dng loi dy trn v thanh ci bng ng theo
IEC ta chn J kt =1,8 A/mm 2

F=

I lv
=
J kt

= 50,1mm 2

Tra bng ta chn thanh dn ng c tit din F=25.3=75mm2.

Dng in pht nng lu di cho php:
SVTH: Nhm 4

32

 n mn

Icp =

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

= 172,7A.

Vi thanh ci ng tit din 75 mm2 dng cho php 340A vi mi pha 1 thanh.
Nh vy chon thanh ci ph hp.
- Chn Aptomat.
Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 22,56 A.
Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
I CB I tt .1,15= 22,56.1,15 =26(A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5.22,56 = 33,84(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct ca LS ta chn MCB tp c m l BKN 1P c
dng nh mc l 40A. C gi 60.000.
Nh vy ta c 4 Aptomat 40A.
- Chn dy v bin dng.
Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 22,56 A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 2,5mm2 cho dng nh mc l
24A. i trn khng.
C st p l U = 13mV.
Bin dng BI 5A dng cho cc thit b o lng.
3.2.4.2 Thit k t in cho nh A2.
Ta thit k nh sau. Vi nh A1 c 4 tng, nh vy trong t in s bao gm:
- Tnh ton chn thanh ci:
Dng in tnh ton ca nh A2 l:
Itt =P/ Ucos =25247/ .380.0.85= 45,12A.
Chn thanh dn theo cc yu cu nh sau:
Mt dng F= mm .
2

Trong :
J kt : mt dng kinh t ca thanh dn (A/mm 2 ).
I lv : dng in lm vic bnh thng ca thanh dn (A).
Vi T m ax = 3000 gi/nm , v s dng loi dy trn v thanh ci bng ng theo
IEC ta chn J kt =1,8 A/mm 2

F=

I lv
=
J kt

= 25mm 2

Tra bng ta chn thanh dn ng c tit din F=25.3=75mm2.

Dng in pht nng lu di cho php:
Icp =

= 86,35A.

Vi thanh ci ng tit din 75 mm2 dng cho php 340A vi mi pha 1 thanh.
SVTH: Nhm 4

33

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Nh vy chon thanh ci ph hp.

- Chn Aptomat.
Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 22,56 A.
Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
I CB I tt .1,15= 22,56.1,15 =26(A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5. 22,56= 33,84(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct ca LS ta chn MCB tp c m l BKN 1P c
dng nh mc l 40A. C gi 60.000.
Nh vy ta c 2 Aptomat 40A.
- Chn dy v bin dng.
Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 22,56 A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 2,5mm2 cho dng nh mc l
24A. i trn khng.
C st p l U = 13mV.
Bin dng BI 5A dng cho cc thit b o lng.
3.2.4.3 Thit k t in cho nh A3.
Ta thit k nh sau. Vi nh A1 c 4 tng, nh vy trong t in s bao gm
C 5 aptomat cho 5 tng, 3 thanh ci cho 3 pha, 3 bin dng cho 3 pha.
- Tnh ton chn thanh ci:
Dng in tnh ton ca nh A2 l:
Itt =P/ Ucos =27648/ .380.0.85= 49,4A.
Chn thanh dn theo cc yu cu nh sau:
Mt dng F= mm .
2

Trong :
J kt : mt dng kinh t ca thanh dn (A/mm 2 ).
I lv : dng in lm vic bnh thng ca thanh dn (A).
Vi T m ax = 3000 gi/nm , v s dng loi dy trn v thanh ci bng ng theo
IEC ta chn J kt =1,8 A/mm 2

F=

I lv
=
J kt

= 27,4mm 2

Tra bng ta chn thanh dn ng c tit din F=25.3=75mm2.

Dng in pht nng lu di cho php:
Icp =

= 94,54A.

Vi thanh ci ng tit din 75 mm2 dng cho php 340A vi mi pha 1 thanh.
Nh vy chon thanh ci ph hp.
- Chn Aptomat.
SVTH: Nhm 4

34

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 9,88 A.

Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
I CB I tt .1,15= 9,88.1,15 =11,362(A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5. 9,88= 14,82(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct ca LS ta chn MCB tp c m l BKN 1P c
dng nh mc l 16A. C gi 60.000.
Nh vy ta c 5 Aptomat 16A.
- Chn dy v bin dng.
Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 9,88 A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 2,5mm2 cho dng nh mc l
24A. i trn khng.
C st p l U = 13mV.
Bin dng BI 5A dng cho cc thit b o lng.
3.2.4.4 Thit k t in cho nh A4.
Ta thit k nh sau. Vi nh A1 c 4 tng, nh vy trong t in s bao gm:
C 4 aptomat cho 4 tng, 3 thanh ci cho 3 pha, 3 bin dng cho 3 pha.
- Tnh ton chon thanh ci:
Dng in tnh ton ca nh A2 l:
Itt =P/ Ucos =33177,6/ .380.0.85= 59,3A.
Chn thanh dn theo cc yu cu nh sau:
Mt dng F= mm .
2

Trong :
J kt : mt dng kinh t ca thanh dn (A/mm 2 ).
I lv : dng in lm vic bnh thng ca thanh dn (A).
Vi T m ax = 3000 gi/nm , v s dng loi dy trn v thanh ci bng ng theo
IEC ta chn J kt =1,8 A/mm 2

F=

I lv
=
J kt

= 33mm 2

Tra bng ta chn thanh dn ng c tit din F=25.3=75mm2.

Dng in pht nng lu di cho php:
Icp =

= 73,44A.

Vi thanh ci ng tit din 75 mm2 dng cho php 340A vi mi pha 1 thanh.
Nh vy chon thanh ci ph hp.
- Chn Aptomat.
Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 18,36 A.
SVTH: Nhm 4

35

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )

I CB I tt .1,15= 18,36.1,15 =21,114(A).
Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5. 18,36= 27,54(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct ca LS ta chn MCB tp c m l BKN 1P c
dng nh mc l 32A. C gi 60.000.
Nh vy ta c 4 Aptomat 32A.
- Chn dy v bin dng.
Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 18,36 A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 1,5mm2 cho dng nh mc l
19A. i trn khng.
C st p l U = 24mV.
Bin dng BI 5A dng cho cc thit b o lng.
3.2.4.5 Thit k t in cho phng hnh chnh.
Vi cng sut tiu th khng cao ta lp 1 t in trong c 2 aptomat 2 cc cho 2
tng, 3 thanh ci tit din va phi.
- Tnh ton chon thanh ci:
Dng in tnh ton ca nh A2 l:
Itt =P/ Ucos =13509,9/ .380.0.85= 24A.
Chn thanh dn theo cc yu cu nh sau:
Mt dng F= mm .
2

Trong :
J kt : mt dng kinh t ca thanh dn (A/mm 2 ).
I lv : dng in lm vic bnh thng ca thanh dn (A).
Vi T m ax = 3000 gi/nm , v s dng loi dy trn v thanh ci bng ng theo
IEC ta chn J kt =1,8 A/mm 2

F= I lv =
J kt

= 13mm 2

Tra bng ta chn thanh dn ng c tit din F=20mm2.

Dng in pht nng lu di cho php:
Icp =

= 45,9A.

Vi thanh ci ng tit din 20 mm2 dng cho php 200A vi mi pha 1 thanh.
Nh vy chon thanh ci ph hp.
- Chn Aptomat.
Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 12 A.
Theo tiu chun IEC ta c : I CB I tt .(1,15 1,25 )
SVTH: Nhm 4

36

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

I CB I tt .1,15= 12.1,15 =13,8(A).

Ik = 1,5Im = 1,5. 12= 18(A).
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct ca LS ta chn MCB tp c m l BKN 1P c
dng nh mc l 20A. C gi 60.000.
Nh vy ta c 2 Aptomat 20A.
- Chn dy
Vi dng tnh ton cho 1 tng l Itt = 12A.
Chn dy 3 li theo tiu chun cp in Cadivi dy 1,5mm2 cho dng nh mc l
22A. i trn khng.
C st p l U = 27mV.

3.2.5 Thit k cc t b cung cp in cho cc thit b ca tng phng

hc.
3.2.5.1 Phng hc cho nh A1, A2.
Vi mi phng hc c 42 bng n, 8 qut.
Ta thit k nh sau: 1 aptomat tng, 2 cu ch, 6 cng tc, 8 hp s cho qut
trn.
- Chn Aptomat
P = 2312W. Dng in tnh ton c l:
I = 12,36A.
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct ca LS ta chn MCB tp c m l BKN 1P c
dng nh mc l 16A. C gi 60.000.
- Chn cu ch.
Cho n:
Ta c Itt = P/Ucos = 1512/220.0,8 = 8,6A
Ich Itt
Trn c s ta chn dy ch.
Ta chn cu ch RT18- loi cu ch c n 10A
Nh vy ta c 6 cu ch bo v n.
Cho qut :
Ta c Itt = P/ Ucos = 800/220.0,8 = 4,54A.
Ta chn cu ch RT18- loi cu ch c n dng cho php l 6A.
3.2.5.2 Phng hc cho nh A3,A4.

Vi mi phng hc c 26 bng n, 6 qut.

Ta thit k nh sau: 1 aptomat tng, 2 cu ch, 6 cng tc, 6 hp s cho qut
trn.
- Chn Aptomat
P = 1536W. Dng in tnh ton c l:
I = 8,22A.
SVTH: Nhm 4

37

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct ca LS ta chn MCB tp c m l BKN 1P c

dng nh mc l 10A. C gi 60.000.
- Chn cu ch.
Cho n:
Ta c Itt = P/Ucos = 936/220.0,8 = 5,3A
Ich Itt
Trn c s ta chn dy ch.
Ta chn cu ch RT18- loi cu ch c n dng cho php l 6A.
Nh vy ta c 6 cu ch bo v n.
Cho qut :
Ta c Itt = P/ Ucos = 600/220.0,8 = 3,4A.
Ta chn cu ch RT18- loi cu ch c n dng cho php l 6A.
3.2.5.3 Phng bo v.

Vi mi phng hc c 9 bng n, 2 qut, 1 tivi

Ta thit k nh sau: 1 aptomat tng, 2 cu ch, 3 cng tc, 2 hp s cho qut
trn.
- Chn Aptomat
P = 724W. Dng in tnh ton c l:
I = 3,87A.
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct ca LS ta chn MCB tp c m l BKN 1P c
dng nh mc l 6A. C gi 60.000.
- Chn cu ch.
Cho n:
Ta c Itt = P/Ucos = 324/220.0,8 = 1,84A
Ich Itt
Trn c s ta chn dy ch.
Vi dng in ln nht c th chu c l 1,84A.
Cho qut :
Ta c Itt = P/ Ucos = 200/220.0,8 = 1,136A.
Ta chn cu ch RT18- loi cu ch c n dng cho php l 2A.
3.2.5.4 Phng hnh chnh.
Vi mi phng hc c 9 bng n, 2 qut, 2 my tnh, 1 iu ha.
Ta thit k nh sau: 1 aptomat tng, 4 cu ch, 5 cng tc, 2 hp s cho qut trn.

- Chn Aptomat
Vi P = 2649W.
Dng in tnh ton c l: I = 14,16A.
Tra bng bo gi thit b ng ct ca LS ta chn MCB tp c m l BKN 1P c
dng nh mc l 16A. C gi 60.000.
- Chn cu ch.
SVTH: Nhm 4

38

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Cho n:
Ta c Itt = P/Ucos = 324/220.0,8 = 1,84A
Ich Itt
Trn c s ta chn dy ch.
Ta chn cu ch RT18- loi cu ch c n dng cho php l 2A.
Cho qut :
Ta c Itt = P/ Ucos = 200/220.0,8 = 1,136A.
Ta chn cu ch RT18- loi cu ch c n dng cho php l 2A.
Cho my tnh:
Ta c Itt = P/ Ucos = 1000/220.0,8 = 5,68A.
Ta chn cu ch RT18- loi cu ch c n dng cho php l 6A.
Cho iu ha:
Ta c Itt = P/ Ucos = 1125/220.0,8 = 6,39A.
Ta chn cu ch RT18- loi cu ch c n dng cho php l 10A.

Bng tng hp dy dn
TUYN DY

LOI

BATPP

CADIVI

TPPA1
TPPA2
TPPA3
TPPA4
TPPBV
TPPHC

CADIVI
CADIVI
CADIVI
CADIVI
CADIVI
CADIVI

TIT DIN

DI
10 (m)
210 (m)
50 (m)
220 (m)
80 (m)
250 (m)
20 (m)

3 li 25(
3 li 10(
3 li 10(
3 li 16(
2 li 1,5(
3 li 2,5(

Bng tng hp Aptomat t TPP n cc khu nh.

Tuyn
Aptomat

Loi

Hng

BATPP

MCCB 3P
m
ABN203C
MCCB 3P
m
ABN203C
MCCB 3P
m
ABN103C
MCCB 3P

LS

400v

LS

TPPA1
TPPA2
TPPA3
SVTH: Nhm 4

Gi

S
Lng

250

1.450.000

400v

150

1.450.000

LS

400v

75

760.000

LS

400v

75

760.000

1
39

 n mn

TPPA4
TPPBV
TPPHC

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

m
ABN103C
MCCB 3P
m
ABN103C
MCCB 3P
m ABS32C
MCCB 3P
m
ABN103C

LS

400v

100

760.000

LS

400v

10

520.000

LS

400v

40

760.000

Bng tng hp Aptomat trong cc t ring cc nh

Hng

Loi

Gi

A1

LS

60.000

16

A2

LS

60.000

16

A3

LS

60.000

10

A4

LS

60.000

10

BV

LS

60.000

HC

LS

MCB tp m
BKN 1P
MCB tp m
BKN 1P
MCB tp m
BKN 1P
MCB tp m
BKN 1P
MCB tp m
BKN 1P
MCB tp m
BKN 1P

60.000

16

SVTH: Nhm 4

S Lng

40

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

CHNG IV: XC NH CC THAM S CH MNG

IN.
4.1.
CHN PHNG N I DY TH NHT ( TIA ).
Nh vy nh A1 cch trm khong 210m.
A3 cch trm khong 220m.
A4 cch trm khong 80m.
A2 cch trm khong 50m.
Phng hnh chnh khong 20m.
Phng bo v khong 250m.
Kim tra iu kin st p U.
Ta c:
U =

Tn tht cng sut P

P =

R.

Tn tht in nng A.

A = P..
Nh vy ta c bng tnh ton tn tht nh sau:
n v
Nh A1
Nh A2
Nh A3
Nh A4
Bo v
Hnh chnh
Tng

SVTH: Nhm 4

U(kW)
41,43
6,53
11,54
8,05
0,353
1,42
69,323

P(kW)
2,56
0,55
2,662
0,876
0,006
0,064
6,718

A(kWh)
4032
866,25
4192,65
1380
9,45
100,8
10581,15

41

 n mn

GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

CHNG V: TNH TON TIP A CHO TRM BIN P

5.1 KHI NIM V ST.
St l s phng in trong kh quyn gia cc m my v mt t hay gia cc
m my tch in vi nhau.
S phng in ca st chia lm 3 giai on:
S phng in gia m my v mt t bt u bng s xut hin mt dng
sng pht trin xung mt t theo tng t vi tc 100 1000 km/gy.
Dng ny mang phn ln in tch ca m my, to trn u cc ca n
in th hng triu vn. Giai on ny gi l giai n phng tia tin o.
Khi dng tin o va pht trin xung mt t th giai on th hai bt u,
l giai on phng in ch o ca st. Trong giai on ny cc in
tch dng pha di mt tdi chuyn t hng mt t theo tia tin o
vi tc ln (6.104 105 km/gy) chy ln trung ha cc in tch m ca
dng tin o. S phng in ch yu c c trng bi dng in ln gi
l dng in st v s le sang (chp) mnh lit ca dng phng in.
Khng kh trong vng c t nng n hng vn v gin n rt nhanh
to thnh dng m thanh (sm).
giai on phng in th ba s kt thc s di chuyn in tch ca cc
m my, qu trnh phng in v le sang dn dn bin mt.
5.1.1 Tc hi ca st.
t vn st l hin tng t nhin, c th gy ra thit hi ln cho ngi v kinh
t. Vic nghin cu tc hi v lm gim thiu tc hi do st gy ra c s quan
tm ca rt nhiu nh khoa hc, c bit lnh vc in.
Vi c th ring, hu ht cc cng trnh gm ng dy v trm bin p u c
xy dng ngoi tri, kt cu bng kim loi v c chiu cao ln, l mt trong nhng
nguy him tng nguy c tim tang gy ra s c bt kh khng do st. St nh vo
ng dy gy v s v t dy, ng thi lan truyn vo trm bin p gy hng
hc cc thit b ch yu l my bin p, lm gim on cung cp in v thit hi
v kinh t do sa cha, ngng tr trong sn xut v nh hng ti sinh hot ca
con ngi.
Cc thit b in, ng dy ti din, s b h hng do b qu in p thin
nhin (st nh trc tip hay gin tip). Trong tc hi ca st nh trc tip l

SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

nguy him nht. Do phi c thit b bo v trnh b st nh trc tip v gin

tip.
5.1.2 Gii php phng chng st.
V vy vic nghin cu la chn v p dng nhng bin php hn ch tc hi
ca sti vi tng khu vc, tng i tng c th sao cho m bo v kinh t v
k thut l rt cn thit khng ch ring ngnh in m cn vi cc ngnh khc.
Hin nay chng ta s dng ph bin cc kiu chng st l:
- i vi cc cng trnh kin trc kin trc lp t cc kim thu st (c thu li).
- i vi cc cng rnh in (ng dy v trm bin p) th s dng ng
dy chng st v cc chng st van.
5.1.2.1 Thut ng v nh ngha.
H thng chng st: ton b h thng dy dn c s dng bo v cc
cng trnh khi s tc ng ca st.
B phn thu st: mt b phn ca h thng chng st nhm mc ch hu
ht st nh vo.
Mng ni t: mt b phn ca h thng chng st nhm tiu tn dng in
xung t.
Dy dn: b phn hoc nhm cc b phn dn in c tip xc vi t v c
th truyn dng in xung t.
Cc ni t mch vng: cc ni t to ra vng khp kn xung quanh cng
trnh trn hoc di b mt t, hoc pha di ngay trong mng ca
cng trnh.
Vng bo v: th tch m trong mt dy dn st to ra kh nng chng
st nh thng bng cch thu ht st nh vo n.
5.1.2.2 Chc nng ca h thng chng st.
Chc nng ca h thng thu v dn st l thu ht st nh vo n ri lan truyn
dng din do st to ra xung t mt cch an ton, trnh st nh vo cc kt cu
cn c bo v ca cng trnh. Phm vi h thng thu v dn st khng c nh
nhng c th coi l mt hm ca mc tiu tn dng din st.
5.2 CHN H THNG TIP A.
Cc thng s ban u : in tr ni t: R nd 10 .
Kch thc trm bin p l 4x6m.
Trm bin p c lm trn nn ct pha cho nn:
=2.104/cm = 200.m
SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

H s iu chnh theo iu kin kh hu:

Loi ni t
Loi in cc

su(m)
Ni t chng st
Cc thng ng 0,8

chn H s ma K m ( t kh)
1,5

Chn cc ni t v c lng s cc cn dng:

- D kin chn 10 cc. Cc tip t l cc thp gc 60x60x6, cc di 2m ,
chn cc t 0 0,8m theo mch vng hnh ch nht, mi cc cc nhau a = 2m.
- Thanh ngang dng thp dt 40x5.
Ta tin hnh tnh ton :
p dng cng thc:
R=

Ta c
in tr tn xoay chiu ca mt cc:
R=
(
).
Trong :
l l chiu di ca coc ni t (m): l=2m.
d l dng knh cc tip t (m) : d=20mm=0,02 m.
t l chn su cc.
t = t0 +

= 0,8 + 1 = 1,8m

P = Km.po = 1,4 . 200 = 280m.

Rc =

)=

= 50.
in tr thanh l:

ln

Rt =

ln

= 11,1.

Vi L = 2x10 = 20m.
K tra bng theo t l ta chn K = 5,8.
Ta c:
in tr in cc hn hp l:
R=

= 7,11

Tra bng c = 0,55.

Ta thy rng R < 10.
SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

Nh vy s cc chn nh trn l ph hp.

Vi cc v thit b ta c th thit k dy ni 1,5mm2 ti h thng tip a.
S phn b cc tip a:

SVTH: Nhm 4

45

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

CHNG VI: TNH TON LNG B CI THIN H S

CNG SUT
Vic nng cao h s cng sut l nhm gim lng cng sut phn khng sinh ra
trn ng dy truyn ti.
Ta c cc phng n gim lng b cng sut:
Phng n 1: t t b pha cao p x nghip. Nhng n tn tht in nng ln
c ci n kh tit kim chi ph lp t.
Phng n 2: t t b pha cc thanh ci h p ca nh my. t t im ny
th n s gim tn tht in nng cho trm nhng n li khng lm gim tn tht
din nng cho ton trng hc c.
Phng n 3: t t b ti cc t ng lc lm gim in nng trn ng dy t
t phn phi n t ng lc.
Ta nhn thy rng theo iu kin thc t v kh nng ca x nghip ta chn
phng n th 2.
Nh vy ta tnh ton cng sut cho t b nh sau:
Ta c cng sut ca ton nh my khi cha c t b l:
Ptt = 120,8kW
Qtt = 74,83vAr
Stt = 142,1kVA
Costrc = 0,85 nn Tantrc = 0,62.
Cossau = 0,95 nn Tansau = 0,32.
Ta c tng dung lng b l:
Qb = Ptt (Tantrc - Tansau ) = 120,8.(0,62-0,32) = 36,24 Var.
Nh vy cng sut biu kin ca trng hc khi lp t b l:
S=
= 126,8 kVA.
Ta chn t b h th 3P Samwha ca KOREA cng sut 40Kvar( T du)
Gi 1.900.000

SVTH: Nhm 4

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

CHNG VII: D TON CNG TRNH IN

Tn thit b
My bin p
ApToMat
PMR44
EGR-ZCT
Cu ch
Dy
n hunh quang
Qut trn
cm
iu ha
My tnh
Tivi
T b
n bo
Thanh ci
V t in
Cu dao
Cu ch
Chng st van
Tng

SVTH: Nhm 4

Hng sn xut
ABB
LS
SCHNEIDERELECTRIC
SCHNEIDER
ELECTRIC
CHINA
CADIVI
RNG NG
in c VNH THI
Panasonic
LG
INTEL
LG
KOREA
CHINA
Cty Phm Dng
VIT
DS.
FCO
He18

Gi thnh (vn)
97,974,000.0
6,552,400.0
1,478,000.0
2,217,000.0
600,000.0
95,500,000.0
27,190,000.0
237,720,000.0
29,680,000.0
38,700,000.0
60,000,000.0
4,000,000.0
1,900,000.0
1,200,000.0
2,500,000.0
22,080,000.0
5,000,000.0
2,300,000.0
2,000,000.0
450,000,000.0

47

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GVHD: Ninh Vn Nam

LI CAM N
Trc tin chng em xin trn thnh
cm n tt c cc thy c tn tnh
ch dy trang b cho chng em nhng
kin thc cn thit lm nn tng
cho vic thc hin bi tp ny
Xin trn thnh cm n thy Ninh Vn
Nam tn tnh gip chng em
nh hng, gp v cung cp ti
liu tham kho trong qu trnh lm
bi tp.
Sinh vin thc hin:
L Cng Nam.
Nguyn Vn Tuyn.
Nguyn Tin Minh.
Trn c Cng.

SVTH: Nhm 4

48