GIANG VIEN HNG DAN :

LY THE PHNG
KIEN TRUC
TONG QUAN
oi ieu ve kien truc cong nghiep the gii :
Kien truc cong nghiep the gii hien ai (1918 en nay) a
phat trien vo cung nhanh chong va manh me. S phat
trien manh me cua khoa hoc ky thuat a mang lai cho kien
truc cong nghiep mot dien mao hoan toan khac so vi
thi ky trc o :
VAN IEU
Trong t nhien xuat hien rat nhieu hien tng ton tai di dang lap lai
mot cach co quy luat va thay oi di hnh thc phat trien mot cach
co to chc. S lap lai ay co the la ngay em, cac ky thuy trieu, mua
nc noi, s phat trien cua la cay
T nhien von la ngi thay ln nhat cua con ngi. Con ngi chung ta
song trong thien nhien va c thien nhien che ch. Trong qua trnh phat
trien cua con ngi a mo phong thien nhien e a vao cuoc song
cua mnh qua cac hoat ong song rat a dang.
Noi ve hoat ong tinh than, con ngi a sang tao ra nhng hnh thc
nghe thuat mang tnh nhp ieu. o la van luat trong th van va nhp
ieu trong am nhac, nhng van ieu o lang ong em du trong tam hon
cua con ngi bang cach lap lai co quy luat va bien dang nhp nhang.
Cung co the thay nhng van ieu nay trong cac cong trnh nghe thuat,
trong vai voc, quan ao, trong o trang sc

VAN IEU
S hai hoa cua yeu to van ieu vi toan vat the co
the c thc hien bang cach lap lai nhng yeu to
giong nhau tc la thong nhat cung mot yeu to nhp
ieu hoac s hai hoa nay cung co the c thc hien
lap i lap lai cac yeu to ln nh tng t nhau ve mau
sac, khong gian.
Co the noi s lap i lap lai cac yeu to trong bo cuc tao
hnh em lai cho con ngi mot an tng my cam nhat
nh goi la van ieu.
VAN IEU
Cac loai van ieu:
Cac yeu to trong kien truc co the lap i lap lai nham tao
s thong nhat hoac bien hoa mot cach co quy luat nham tao ra
s a dang. Chnh yeu to van ieu cau thanh bi s lap lai,
s phat trien, s thay oi a gop phan tao nen ve ep cua
cong trnh.
Van ieu la phng tien quan trong trong nghe thuat tao hnh
cua kien truc, neu thieu i van ieu cong trnh tr nen thieu
sc song va gia tr nghe thuat.
Trong kien truc thng phan ra cac loai van ieu sau: van
ieu lien dang, van ieu tiem tien, van ieu giao nhau, van ieu
phong sinh va van ieu t do.
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
Loai van ieu nay sinh ra do thc hien tuan t, lien
tuc mot yeu to hnh dang roi sap xep theo hang
ngang, hang doc, hay tran lan, s sap xep lap i lap
lai mot hoac hai hnh dang giong het nhau.
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
Pisa Tower (Italia)
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
Loai van ieu nay sinh ra do thc hien tuan t, lien
tuc mot yeu to hnh dang roi sap xep theo hang
ngang, hang doc, hay tran lan, s sap xep lap i lap
lai mot hoac hai hnh dang giong het nhau.
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
Theo tnh chat, van ieu lien dang co hai loai:
Van ieu lien dang n gian
Van ieu lien dang phc tap
Theo chieu hng, van ieu lien dang co hai loai:
Van ieu lien dang theo phng ngang
Van ieu lien dang theo phng ng
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
Van ieu lien dang n gian la bo cuc that gian n
t mot yeu to hnh dang. Cac yeu to nay co the la
tng bo phan, tng yeu to nho cua cong trnh nh
cot tru, ban cong, mau sac, v tr ca hoac co the
la ca mot quan the cac cong trnh c lap lai giong
het nhau.
Ngoai ra, van ieu n gian cung co the c tao ra
nh s dung cac thanh phan ln cua cong trnh nh
mat ngoai cua cong trnh kien truc va cac tang cua
cong trnh.
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
Colloseum (Italia)
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
Van ieu lien dang phc tap : bo cuc c tao thanh t nhieu
yeu to hnh dang.
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
Neu lap lai cac yeu to theo chieu cao cong trnh th hnh thanh van ieu ng
Century Tower (Japan) Petronas (Malaysia)
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
Neu lap lai cac yeu to theo phng ngang cong trnh th hnh thanh nen van ieu ngang
Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum (Vietnam)
VAN IEU LIEN DANG
George Washingtons House (USA)
VAN IEU TIEM TIEN
Van ieu tiem tien la van ieu thay oi
dan mot cach co quy luat.

Cac yeu to vat the nh kch thc, mau sac,
chat lieu co the c sap xep theo quy luat
t ln en nho, t nong en lanh va ngc
lai.
VAN IEU TIEM TIEN
VAN IEU TIEM TIEN
Guangzhou Canton
Pagoda (China)
VAN IEU GIAO NHAU
Van ieu giao nhau c hnh thanh bi cac
thanh phan hnh khoi khong gian hoac cac chi
tiet an cheo nhau tao nen.
Van ieu giao nhau khong giong cac loai van
ieu khac co tnh chat trien khai theo mot
hng ma no c tao nen theo hai hng:
ng va ngang hoac tao thanh hieu qua a
hng.
VAN IEU GIAO NHAU
VAN IEU GIAO NHAU
VAN IEU PHONG SINH
c tao nen bi s phan tch sac mau,
hnh dang, mau sac sinh vat va cac thanh
phan thien nhien trong i song, roi em
chung vao nhng cong trnh kien truc.
VAN IEU PHONG SINH
One-pillar pagoda (Vietnam)
VAN IEU PHONG SINH
Beijing Stadium 2008 (China)
VAN IEU PHONG SINH
VAN IEU PHONG SINH
Kennedy International Airport (USA)
VAN IEU T DO
Thuoc tnh van ieu t do khong thuoc vao van ieu
lien dang, tiem tien, giao nhau, phong sinh.

VAN IEU T DO
Ronchamp Cathedral (France)
VAN IEU T DO
Falling Water (USA)
VAN IEU T DO
UFA Cinema (Germany)
TNG PHAN
Khai niem
Chung ta cam nhan c bang mat mot vat the co ngha la tren
trng th giac ton tai s khac biet gia vat o vi xung quanh.
S khac biet trong th giac la tng phan.
Trong bo cuc kien truc, tng phan la s chenh lech mot cach ro
rang gia nhng hnh the hoac nhng vat the: to va nho, cao va
thap, toi va sang, phang va san
Tac dung
Lam noi bat nhng ac iem mong muon, gay s chu y, hap dan
cho cong trnh.
Gay ra nhng lien tng, cam xuc khac nhau.
VI BIEN
Khai niem
Vi bien la s tng phan nhe, khac biet nhau rat
t, chuyen bien dan dan.
Tac dung
Gay ra cam giac trung lap hai hoa, rat de tao
ra s hoan chnh thong nhat.
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN
Nhng nh hng tao tng phan va vi bien
But phap thiet ke co trnh o se giai quyet co hieu qua viec s dung
ong thi hai yeu to tng phan va vi bien. Neu hoan toan dung yeu
to tng phan, bo cuc de b o v. Neu ch coi trong yeu to vi bien se
a en nhng an tng buon te, n ieu. Do o khi bo cuc khong gian
kien truc can at en s can bang, bien hoa ma van gi c s
thong nhat can thiet.
Tng phan va vi bien thng c phan chia trong ba nhom:
Tng phan va vi bien ve kch thc, hnh dang, chieu hng.
Tng phan va vi bien ve o ac rong.
Tng phan va vi bien ve mau sac, chat cam va bong.
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE KCH THC, HNH DANG, CHIEU HNG
Kch thc, hnh dang, chieu hng tao thanh hnh tng tac pham tao
hnh giau sc bieu hien qua phng tien tng phan va vi bien.
TNG PHAN VE TAM VOC
Kch thc Hnh dang Chieu hng
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE KCH THC
Bo cuc khoi ln nen kem theo khoi nho e nhan manh chu e, gay cam
giac hung v nhng cung rat khoang ang khi chuyen tiep t khong gian
nho en khong gian ln.
Basel Messeturm
(Switzerland)
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE KCH THC
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE HNH DANG
Bo cuc mat bang va mat ng cua cong trnh
bang nhng khoi co hnh dang khac nhau: tron,
vuong, tam giac; lap phng, hnh hop, hnh tru,
hnh chop e tao s vui ti, duyen dang, giam
bt ve nang ne, kho khan
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE HNH DANG
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE HNH DANG
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE CHIEU HNG
Bo cuc tng phan va vi bien tren mat ng va mat bang cua cong trnh se
lam phong phu mat ng.
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE O AC RONG
ac hay rong, kn hay h, nang ne hay nhe nhang la nhng
bieu hien tao cam thu mat ng hnh khoi, neu bo tr nhieu
mang ac tao cam thu nang ne, bo tr nhieu mang rong thng
gay hieu qua nhe nhang. Bo cuc ben trong cung thng dung
thu phap tng phan hay vi bien ac rong, kn , h cung de
at hieu qua phu hp.
Trong cac cong trnh k niem, nhng lang mo, e nhan manh
cam giac thc the, tnh vnh cu, ngi ta a dung mot so
nhng phan rong e nhan manh nhng mang ac. oi vi tac
pham tao hnh can gay hieu qua nhe nhang ngi ta dung nhieu
phan rong.
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE O AC RONG
Louvre Palace (France)
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE O AC RONG
Dung thu phap tng phan gia
phan lom cua hang cot phan tren
va phan tng ac pha di tao nen
mot hieu qua rat manh me va phong
phu
Dung thu phap tng phan gia phan
lom la nhng ca so hnh tam giac
vi nhng phan ac la nhng mang
tng tao ra mot hieu ng ac biet
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE O AC RONG
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE MAU SAC
Mau sac vi s tng phan hoac vi bien the hien
hai noi dung
Tng quan gia hai mau va phu tr gia hai
mau cho nhau.
Sac o, o am nhat cua mau sac.
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE MAU SAC
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE MAU SAC
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE MAU SAC
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE MAU SAC
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE MAU SAC, CHAT CAM VA BONG
Chat cam cua cac loai vat lieu, vi cac hoa van,
vi o trn hoac nham cua no, c s dung
trong tng phan khi vi bien tao nen nhng hieu
qua tham my can thiet
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE CHAT CAM
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE BONG
Bong do mot nguon sang gay ra, gom co:
Bong o : bong cua mot khoi gay ra cho mot khoi dien
khac.
Bong ban than : san sinh tren t than loi lom cua mot
khoi.
Bong la yeu to quan trong tao ra an tng my cam. Hnh
khoi co at c hieu qua a dang hay khong mot phan la do
bong quyet nh.
Bong con co vi bien: bong am hay bong nhat dan cho
tng quan gia cac chieu sau cua mat phang hay do s uon
ln cua mot mat cong tao thanh
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE BONG
Walt Disney Concert Hall (USA)
TNG PHAN VA VI BIEN VE BONG
LIEN HE VA PHAN CACH
Neu nhan to chc nang con ngi la nhan to chu the
cua cong trnh, th nhan to lien he, bao che, phan cach
la nhan to khach the cua cong trnh.
Nhan to lien he gom: ca i, ca so, lo thong gio
no co tac dung giai quyet moi quan he trong va ngoai
cong trnh nh: i lai, anh sang, nang gio, tam nhn
Nhan to bao che co lien quan mat thiet vi nhan to chu
lc va da tren ieu kien chc nang tam c ong cua
con ngi, e hnh thanh khong gian s dung.

YEU TO LIEN HE
Ca so tac dung chieu sang, thong hi, thoang gio,
ngam canh e ap ng tot cac chc nang tren, nen
nghien cu cac v tr ca so, vat lieu canh, kch thc
va yeu to nghe thuat phong canh kien truc.
Ben canh ca so, ca i cung la mot vai tro cc k quan
trong trong cong trnh kien truc, v ay la ni tiep xuc
cua cong trnh vi the gii ben ngoai, ngoai ra ay
cung la ni chao on khach cua chu nha v vay no
con co tnh chat quan he gia ngi va ngi trong cuoc
song.
CA SO S GIAO HOA VI THIEN NHIEN
Cnh ca, d v tr no
trong ni tht cng c
cng nng khp kn mt
khng gian hoc ch l
gii tuyn phn nh gia
cc khu vc, hoc n
gin na ch l s ngn
chia c l. Nhng d l
cng nng no th cnh
ca vn l mt thnh
phn thit yu trong cng
trnh.
CA I CHNH
Ca nha la mot bo phan
khong the thieu v ay la
s lien he gia khung canh
trong nha va thien nhien,
gia con ngi va tri at,
tao nen net ep cua mot
cong trnh kien truc
S LIEN HE VI KHONG GIAN XUNG QUANH
Dinh oc Lap c thiet ke va co net ep ve van hoa va the hien c
s lien he vi khong gian: trc ai sanh la mot ho nc vi hoa sen, hoa
sung gi nen hnh anh ho nc em a cua ngoi nh chua Viet Nam, bao
quanh la tham co hnh oval, mau xanh tao cho kien truc co mot cam giac
em du va sang khoai.
S LIEN HE VI KHONG GIAN XUNG QUANH
S lien he gia cong trnh vi thien nhien, khong ch co tac dung lam cho
con ngi co c cam giac hoa mnh vi the gii hoang da ma con giup
chung ta co mot cuoc song, tam hon trong sang va luon cam giac khoe
manh va vui ve.
YEU TO BAO CHE
Phan cach trong cong trnh khong ch co tac dung che nang gio, ma con lam
cho cong trnh phuc vu con ngi toan dien hn, chang han nh cho con ngi
mot khong gian yen tnh hay mot s cach am can thiet vi moi trng xung
quanh.
YEU TO BAO CHE
Gii php dng nhng vch ngn "h" chia thnh nhng
khng gian m nhng vn c phn khp kn, to nhng gc
ring bit nh phng khch, bp, phng ng.
YEU TO PHAN CACH
Tong ngoai chc nang che ma,nang, gio, tieng ong hoac bo
phan chnh cua cong trnh. Nhng loai vat lieu chu yeu e lam
tng ngoai: gach, a, go, betong Co the tng trong va chu
lc va ngan chia tng phong chc nang, tao tng khong gian
oc lap, kn ao, yen tnh. e tang cong nhan to lien he trong
va ngoai, tng cung trng thc hien: rem la chp, man chp,
tam chan (lampe persienne).
Vach la bo phan bao che cung ho vi tng nhng mong hn,
day 50mm 100mm va khong chu lc cong trnh,c xay dng
t mat nen nen vach co the di ong hoac co nh. Ve vat lieu,
vach gom cac loai: gach, voi rm, go van, go knh, nhom, betong
bot, betong nhe
YEU TO PHAN CACH
YEU TO PHAN CACH
Tng ket hp mau nhng o knh lam cong trnh tr nen thoang va s phan
cach ro rang hn.
YEU TO PHAN CACH
S qu phai cua tng bao mau trang
YEU TO PHAN CACH
Ben canh chc nang la phan cach va bao ve cong trnh,
tng con c dung e trang tr va pha mau e con
ngi co cam giac sinh ong thoai mai hn ong thi
lam cho tng co nhieu chc nang va phong phu hn, a
dang hn trong s thng thc cua chu the.
YEU TO PHAN CACH
KET LUAN
Mot cong trnh kien truc neu bo cuc khong co s bien
hoa se n ieu buon te, neu khong co s thong
nhat se tr nen hon loan, roi mat.
Tnh thong nhat va bien hoa la mot nguyen tac khai
quat va can ban nhat trong moi lnh vc nghe thuat.
o la s thong nhat va au tranh gia cac mat oi
lap trong nghe thuat kien truc, va lam cho cong trnh
hoan chnh phu hp va co sc song vn len.

LI CAM N

S thanh cong co s ong gop rat to ln cua cac ban
cung nhom va cung ong mot vai tro khong kem phan
quan trong la s lang nghe va quan tam cua cac ban.

Trong qua trnh thc hien chac chan se khong tranh khoi
thieu sot, mong nhan c s ong gop y kien cua cac
ban.

LI CAM N
Nhom thc hien:
1. TRAN C HOANG VIET
2. NGUYEN NGOC ANH TUAN
3. TRAN QUOC TOAN
4. LE NH TUAN
5. DNG MINH TUAN
6. TRAN THANH TUNG
7. NGUYEN PHU QUOC
8. LY THANH TUNG
9. NGUYEN VAN THIEN
10. OAN NGOC VINH
11. NGUYEN THIEN THUAT
12. O QUOC VIET
13. VU THUY
14. VO VAN DUNG
15. NGUYEN VAN KIEN