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Chng I. Tng quan v tng i NEAX-61
I . Cc tnh nng, c im v cc ng dng ca tng i NEAX-61
1. Tng i NEAX-61
H thng tng i NEAX-61 l mt khi chc nng, xy dng theo cu trc loi khi
bao gm cc module phn cng chun v cc giao din chun. Do vi bt k kch
c no ca h thng, t dung lung nh n dung lng ln, cng vi dung lng
chnh xc thch hp vi nhu cu c th n gin ho cu hnh trnh lng ph bng cch
kt hp cc module tiu chun. Cng vi s pht trin v nhu cu, dung lng h
thng c th c tng ln mt cch d dng bng cch b xung thm cc module
chun. Phn mm ca h thng th cng c sn trong cc module chc nng. Do
vy h thng tng i NEAX-61 khng ch p ng mi yu cu v cc ng dng.
Bao gm: Tng i ni ht (LS), tng i ng di (TS), tng i quc t (INTS),
trung tm chuyn mch dch v di ng (MSC) v h thng in thoi cm tay c nhn
(PHS). N cng c th tip cn mt cch nhanh chng cc dch v m c th c
pht trin thm trong tng lai.
2. Dung lng ca h thng
H thng NEAX-61 c th p ng ti a dung lng nh- sau:
- Tng i ni ht (LS): 700.000 thu bao v 400 trung k (c cung cp m t s
tp trung = 8:1, v t s gia ng dy thu bao, trung k v trung k dch v =
15:7:2)
- Tng i ng di (TS): 130000 trung k (c cung cp m t s trung k v
trung k dch v = 22:2).
- Lu lng ti a: 67000 Erlang.
+ ELU: Extended line Unit: n v chuyn mch ng dy m rng.
+ INTS: Internation Switch: chuyn mch quc t.
+ RLU: n v ng dy xa.
+ STP: Signaling Transfer Poin: im truyn bo hiu.
+ TS: Toll Switch: tng i ng di hay chuyn mch chuyn tip.
+ LS: Local Switch: Tng i ni ht.
+ TLS: Toll and local Switch : Tng i ni ht v ng di.
+ MSC: Mobile service saitching Center: Trung tm chuuyn mch di ng.
+ PHS: Personal Handy Phane System: H thng in thoi c nhn cm tay.
+ OMC: Trung tm iu hnh bo dng.
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Hnh 1: Cc h thng ng dng khc nhau trong mng vin thng
Circuit Switched network: Mng chuyn mch theo mch
Common channel signaling network: Bo hiu knh chung.

I I . Cu hnh v c im ca h thng
1. Cu hnh h thng
Hnh 2 cho thy mt v d kt ni cc thu bao v mng n h thng tng i
khi n c dng nh mt tng i ni ht v tng i ng di.
H thng tng i c cc giao tip n cc thit b thu bao v cc tng i
xa, cung cp cc dch v chuyn mch n cc thu bao. Cc loi ng dy
thu bao trong h thng tng i c th tng thch c l:
- Giao tip thu bao (n thit b thu bao)
+ Cc ng dy thu bao Analog
+ Cc ng dy thu bao cho Analog cho PBX.
+ Cc ng dy thu bao s.
- Giao tip mng (n cc h thng tng i).
+ Cc ng dy s tc s cp PCM (2Mbps)
+ Cc trung k Analog.
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+ Cc ng dy cp quang (8Mbps).

Hnh 2. S kt ni
2. Cc c im ca h thng
H thng tng i cung cp cc c im sau y:
S dng cc ng truyn c tc cao theo tiu chun cho vic kt ni cc
thit b vi nhau, v truyn dn cc Cell tc cao cho vic lin lc gia cc b
x l v gia cc b x l vi cc thit b vin thng.
Kh nng v kch thc ca h thng c th t mt cch rng ri v c c
nh.
- La chn mt mng khng nghn mch v b m chuyn mch thi gian
ghp i.
- H thng tng i thc hin vic chuyn mch v m bo tnh nguyn vn
chui khe thi gian (TSSI). Do h thng l l tng thch hp cho khng ch
chuyn mch thoi m cn chuyn mch d liu.
- La chn b x l cho phng php tnh vi tp hp lnh thu gn (RISC).
- Cung cp mt kh nng x l c ci tin hon ho.
- La chn UNIX da trn c s phn cp cu trc phn mm.
Cho php nhp nhanh hn cc chng trnh ng dng mi.
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- La chn c giao din ngi dng ho (GUI) v giao din ngi dng k
t (CUI) cho giao din ngi - my (HMI).
Cho php iu hnh v bo dng d dng.
- Dng giao din cho vic kt ni cc thit b iu hnh v bo dng (OKM)
trong h thng tng i vi thit b iu hnh v bo dng ca trung tm iu
hnh v bo dng (OCM).





























Chng II: Cu trc phn cng
H thng NEAX-61 c cu trc phn cng v phn mm theo kiu module
c lp.
Phn cng ca tng i NEAX-61 gm 4 phn h sau:
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- Phn h ng dng (Applicaqtion Sybsystem)
- Phn h chuyn mch (Switching Subsystem)
- Phn h x l (Processing Subsystem).
- Phn h iu hnh v bo dng (Operation v Maintenance Subsystem).
Cc giao tip chun vi cc kh nng tin tin c s dng cho vic kt ni
cc phn h ring bit vi nhau. Cc giao din chun ny cho php lp t thm
cc module mt cch d dng tng dung lng h thng.
I . Tng quan v phn cng h thng NEAX-61
Hnh 3 cho bit cu hnh phn cng ca tng i vi n v ng dy xa
(RLU) v n v ng dy m rng.
Hnh 3 trnh by mt cu hnh h thng c bn ca h thng tng i c
nh sn cho vic s dng nh mt tng i ni ht v tng i ng di. H
thng NEAX-61 bao gm 4 phn h, giao din tc cao K (KHW) cho vic
truyn i v nhn v cc tn hiu iu khin v tn hiu thoi gia phn h
chuyn mch v phn h ng dng, c ch lin lc d liu tc cao (h thng
lin lc lin kt hub) cho vic lin lc d liu tc cao gia phn h x l v
phn h chuynn mch.
Phn h ng dng l mt nhm thit b lin kt thit b thu bao v cc h
thng tng i bn ngoi vi h thng tng i bng cc loi ng dy khc
nhau. Phn h ng dng bao gm cc module ng dy thu bao (LMS) cha
c cc ng dy thu bao Analog v cc ng dy thu bao tc c s
(ISDN), cc modul trung k (TSM) thch ng vi cc ng dy trung k
Analog v cc ng dy dnh ring cho cc thit b bo dng, cc module
giao din truyn dn s (DTMS) thch ng vi cc ng dy tc s cp
(2Mbps) v cc ng dy s t TMS v cc module giao din truyn dn
quang (8Mbps). Module x l bo hiu (SHM) s x l mc 1 v mc 2 ca h
thng bo hiu knh chung, v chung k dch v (SVT) s pht v thu cc tn
hiu v cc m hiu khc nhau dc dng trong h thng bo hiu knh lin kt
cng thch ng c trong phn h ny.
Cu hnh phn cng ca h thng NEAX-61 gm:
- CPL: B x l cuc gi.
- CSP: B x l bo hiu knh chung
- DAT: Bng m thanh s
- DK: a t.
- DLTC: B iu khin truyn dn ng dy s.
- DTI: Giao din truyn dn s.
- ELU: n v ng dy m rng.
- HUB: Hub.
- IMAT: u cui qun l v bo dng thng minh.
- KHW: ng truyn tc cao K. (K- High way)
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- PHW: ng truyn tc cao P. (P- High way)
- LTE: thit b o th ng dy thu bao.
- OMC: Trung tm iu hnh v bo dng.
- OTIM: Module giao din truyn dn quang.
- RLU: n v ng dy xa.
- RMP:B x l qun l ti nguyn.
- SHM: Module x l bo hiu
- STV: Trung k dch v.
- TDNW: Mng phn chia thi gian.
- TMHW: ng dy truyn tc cao ca Module trung k.
- TMI: Giao din Module trung k.

Hnh 3. cu hnh phn cng ca h thng NEAX - 61
Phn cng ca h thng NEAX-61 ngoi 4 thnh phn nh- ni trn, cn
c giao din cao KHW v c cu truyn d liu tc cao (cn gi l h thng
truyn tin lin kt Hub).
Giao din KHW l mt giao din ni tip chun cho vic truyn i v nhn v
cc tn hiu c ghp knh gia phn h chuyn mch v phn h ng dng.
Bng cch s dng KHW, cc tn hiu thoi v thng tin iu khin c th c
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pht m khng c bt k li no. T khi giao din KHW c tiu chun ho,
thit b c th c b xung vo phn h ng dng m khng b li.
Phn h chuyn mch l mt mng chia thi gian (TDNW) ca cu hnh T-S-
T bao gm hai tng chuyn mch thi gian (T). TDNW l mt cu hnh khng
kho loi cho nhau v s dng cc b nh m ghp i cho chuyn mch thi
gian (T). Cc tn hiu iu khin chuyn mch ca TDNW do cc b x l cuc
gi (CLP) ca phn h x l iu khin.
C ch lin lc d liu tc cao gia cc thit b bao gm cc lin lc d
liu tc cao c tp trung xung quanh (HUB). HUB c dng cho lin kt
gia phn h ng dng v phn h x l. Mi thit b s dng c ch lin lc d
liu tc cao gia cc thit b s khng cha d liu gi i hoc cc tn hiu
iu khin, m s chn chng vo cc Cell (mi Cell gm 53 byte) v gi cc
Cell n thit b thu. Thit b thu s tp hp cc Cell thu c trc khi ti hin
li (Khi phc) d liu hoc cc tn hiu iu khin.
Phn h x l gm c 4 loi x l:
- B x l h iu hnh v bo dng (OMP) thc hin ton b h iu hnh
v bo dng h thng.
- B x l cuc gi (CLU) : iu khin v gim st phn h chuyn mch,
phn h ng dng v x l cuc gi.
- B x l bo hiu knh chung (CSP): X l mc 3 ca h thng bo hiu
N
o
7.
- B x l qun l ti nguyn (RMP) : nh tuyn trung k, thu bao.
Phn h iu hnh v bo dng gm:
- Thit b o th ng dy (LTE). Cc thit b vo ra cho d phng d liu
v cc u cui iu hnh, gim st bo dng h thng. Phn h ny do
OPM iu khin ton b.
- n v ng dy xa (RLU) v n v ng dy m rng (ELU) c
thit k p ng mi yu cu mt cch hiu qu cho cc thu bao khu vc
cch xa tng i ch. RLU/ELU v tng i ch c kt ni bng cc ng
dy tc s cp hoc cc ng dy tc cp quang (8Mbps) thu v pht
cc tn hiu iu khin cuc gi v cc tn hiu thoi. Trong trng hp cc
ng dy tc s cp gia RLU/ELU v tng i ch b s c, cc cuc gi
trc tip t RLU/ELU ngang qua tng i ch v cc cuc gi trong cng
RLU/ELU th b mt. Nhng RLU c th x l cc cuc gi khn cp chng hn
nh- cc cuc gi trc tip s cu ho, cnh st bng chnh RLU thay cho
tng i ch.
I I . Cc phn h ca tng i
1. Phn h ng dng
Phn h ng dng nhn cc tn hiu c phn phi t cc kiu ng dy
ca thit b thu bao v cc h thng tng i bn ngoi a n h thng tng
i, bin i cc tn hiu thnh cc lung tn hiu chun (KHW) v gi tn hiu
KHW n phn h chuyn mch. N cng bin i cc tn hiu KHW c phn
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phi t phn h chuyn mch sang tn hiu thch ng vi giao thc ca ng
truyn ring r trc khi truyn n thit b thu bao v cc h thng tng i
bn ngoi.
Phn h ng dng bao gm: Mt im bo hiu SP. im truyn bo hiu
STP v module x l bo hiu SHW dng cho vic thu pht cc tn hiu bo
hiu knh chung.
Phn h ng dng bao gm cc module sau.
- Module ng dy thu bao (LM-line Module)
- B iu khin truyn dn ng dy s DLTC.
- B iu khin ni ht (LOC Local Controler)
- Module trung k (TM Trunk Module)
- Module giao tip truyn dn s (DTIM DTI Module)
- B iu khin giao tip truyn dn s (DTIC DTI Controler)
- Module giao tip truyn dn ngang OTIM
- Module x l bo hiu (SHM Signal Handling Module)
- Module giao tip n v ng dy xa (RLUIM RLU Interface Module)
- B iu khin giao tip n v ng dy xa RLUMC


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Hnh 4. Cu hnh phn h ng dng
a. Module ng dy thu bao v b iu khin ni ht.
- Module ng dy thu bao (LM) gm c cc mch ng dy thu bao
(LC) v mt b iu khin Module ng dy thu bao (LMC). LC c hai loi:
+ Mch ng dy thu bao (LC) dng ng dy thu bao Analog.
+ Mch ng dy thu bao s (DSLC) dng cho mt ng dy thu bao
s.
- Mch ng dy thu bao s (DSLC) dng cho mt ng dy thu bao s.
Mch ng dy LC pht hin cc cuc gi c pht sinh bi cc thu bao, s
gi tn hiu chung v thc hin s bin i Analog/Digital ca cc tn hiu
thoi.
- B LMC iu khin cc LC tng ng vi mt tn hiu iu khin t b
iu khin ni b (LOC). N cng ghp knh cc tn hiu LGUP thnh cc tn
hiu PHW v phn knh cc tn hiu PHW thnh cc tn hiu LGDOWN.
- LOC iu khin cc LC c cha trong LM thch ng vi cc lnh t b
x l cuc gi (CLP).
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- LOC t chc thnh 2 Card LAPDC, mt trong hai Card th c dng nh
mt Card d phng, x l giao thc Lp hai knh D cho 128 thu bao ISDN,
Module x l knh D (DHM) th c kt ni n LOC v x l giao thc Lp
hai knh D.

Hnh 5. Module ng dy thu bao (LM) v b iu khin ni b
* Chc nng ca cc khi.
Mch ng dy thu bao (LC)
- Mch ng dy Analog c cc chc nng sau:
+ Cung cp ngun n cc my in thoi thu bao.
+ Bo v mch ng dy chng li qu p.
+ Pht tn hiu chung n thu bao.
+ Gim st cc thit b u cui thu bao.
+ Thc hin bin i 2 dy thnh 4 dy.
+ Cung cp cc giao din vi thit b o th.
- Loi h thng bo hiu ng dy thu bao, tr khng u vo, loai mng
cn bng (BNW) v loi mt m ho PCM ca LC th t di s iu khin ca
phn h x l .
Mch ng dy thu bao s (DSLC)
+ u cui mch ng dy thu bao s (chc nng u cui ca ng
dy thu bao).
+ Thc hin bin i hai dy thnh 4 dy s dng phng thc trit ting
di.
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+ Giao tip vi knh C.
+ Bo v cc mch chng li qu p.
+ Cung cp cc giao tip vi thit b o th.
B iu khin Module ng dy thu bao (LMC)
B iu khin Module ng dy ghp 16 lung tn hiu LGUP t cc mch
ng dy thnh mt lung tn hiu PHW UP v gi n n b iu khin ni
b (LOC). Ngc li, LMC tch tn hiu PHW DOWN v gi chng n cc
mng ng dy.
LMC cng bin i tn hiu knh C
2
bao gm tn hiu LGUP v LG DOWN
t b iu khin ni b LOC thnh 16 lung tn hiu LG DOWN v gi chng
n cc mng ng dy.
LMC cng bin i tn hiu knh C
2
bao gm tn hiu LGUP v LG DOWN
thnh cc tn hiu knh C
2
v C
3
bao gm tn hiu hng i PHW UP v tn hiu
hng v PHW DOWN v bin i cc tn hiu knh C
3
gm cc tn hiu PHW
DOWN thnh cc tn hiu knh C
2
gm cc tn hiu LG DOWN.
Trung k o th ng thoi (SPT)
Thc hin o th ni kt ni? Ni pht xut cuc gi trn cc Card LC khc
nhau nh TST ADP.
- o th ni xut pht cuc gi:
+ Gi tn hiu mch vng n LC ni kn mch vng c o th.
+ Gi xung quay s ( 10pps/ 20pps) n Card LC c o th.
- o th ni kt ni cuc gi: Pht tn hiu chung t Card c o th.
B iu khin ni b (LOC)
p ng li 1 lnh t b x l cuc gi (CLP), iu khin mt s lng ti
a l 3840 mch ng dy thu bao (LC) thch ng vi giao din ng dy
thu bao.
Tp chung cc tn hiu thoi/d liu thch ng vi ti a 30 lung tn hiu
PHW trc khi chuyn n khi chuyn mch thi gian thng qua KHW.
Ngc li, n cng gi cc tn hiu thoi/d liu t khi chuyn mch thi gian
thng qua KHW n mch ng dy.
C cc kh nng b li cho cc thay i cho mc tn hiu thoi m xy ra
cho cc ng dy truyn dn tn hiu Analog v cng pht hin cc cuc gi
c pht sinh bi cc thu bao Analog thch ng vi giao din ng dy thu
bao.
LM th c iu khin bi LOC v cha c cc thu bao Analog v cc thu
bao s giao din tc c s. Mi LOC c th iu khin ln ti 30LM v mi
LM c th cha c 128 thu bao Analog hoc 64 thu bao ISDN.
- Khi h thng cha c cc thu bao ISDN, th LOC c trang b cc Card
LAPDC c th thc hin vic x l Lp 2 ca ISDN. LOC c th trang b ln ti
hai Card LAPDC c cu hnh d n+1, th ch mt trong hai Card LAPDC c th
x l 128 thu bao ISDN. Khi h thng cha c nhiu hn 128 thu bao
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ISDN, th LOC c trang b cc Card DHMI v c kt ni vi Module x l
knh D (DHM) bao gm cc Card LAPDC. Vic kt ni LOC v DHM c th
x l ln ti 1920 thu bao IDSN.
- Khi LOC cha c cc thu bao IDSN, th cng cung cp chc nng o th
thu bao BRI.
Module x l knh D (DHM)
Cc qu trnh gi v nhn d liu knh C th c dng nh thng tin iu
khin d liu Lp 1 ca ISDN.
- Cc qu trnh gi v nhn d liu knh C.
- Cc qu trnh nhn d liu trng thi knh C
- Cc giao din vi BUS ca b vi x l.
X l giao thc LAPD.
- Cc kt ni LAPD c khuyn ngh trong Q920 v Q921 ca ITU T.
- Cc giao din vi BUS ca b vi x l.
b. Module giao tip truyn dn s (DTI M) v b iu khin giao tip truyn
dn s (DTI C)
DTIM gm cc giao din truyn dn s (DTI) v b ghp knh/phn knh
(MUX/DMUX). Cc DTI c kt ni n mt thit b trung k hoc mt tng
i xa bng cc ng dy s 2Mbps, gi v nhn cc tn hiu thoi v cc
tn hiu bo knh chung N
0
7. MUX/ DMUX s ghp 4 lung tn hiu BHW t
DTI thnh mt lung tn hiu PHW v gi tn hiu PHW n b iu khin giao
din truyn dn s (DTIC) v cng phn tn hiu PHW t DTIC thnh 4 lung
tn hiu BHW v gi chng n DTI. Khi h thng thch ng vi cc thu bao
ISDN, th DTIC s t chc Card LAPDC v DHMI cung cp kt ni Lp 2
LAPD. DTIM th khng c dng ring l m lun c dng vi DTIC
iu khin DTIM.
DTI cng c kt ni ngang qua giao din Module trung k (TMI) n
Module trung k (TM). DTIC s iu khin khng ch DTI m cn trung k dch
v (SVT) v cng gi cc tn hiu bo hiu N
0
7 n Module x l bo hiu
(SHM)
Trong :
CSP : B x l bo hiu knh chung.
OMC : Trung tm iu hnh v bo dng.
SVT : Trung k dch v
SHM: Module x l bo hiu.
DTIM : Module giao din truyn dn s.
TIM : Giao tip Module trung k.
TM : Module trung k.
DTI : Giao tip truyn dn s.
MUX/ DMUX : B ghp knh/ phn knh.
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BHW : ng truyn tc cao B.
PHW : ng truyn tc cao P
KHW: ng truyn tc cao K
DTIC: B iu khin giao din truyn dn s
TDNW: Mng phn chia thi gian.

Hnh 6. Cc khi ca DTIM v DTIC
* Chc nng ca cc khi ring bit :
Giao tip truyn dn s DTI
- DTI nhn cc tn hiu s cp (2,048 Mbps) t mt tng i xa hay mt
thit b trung k v bin i chng thnh cc tn hiu BHW trc khi truyn n
b ghp knh MUX.
- Ngc li, DTI bin i cc tn hiu BHW thu c t DMUX thnh cc tn
hiu tc s cp v gi chng n tng i xa hoc thit b trung k.
B ghp/phn knh (MUX/ DMUX)
- Ghp 4 lung tn hiu BHW t 4 DTI thnh mt lung tn hiu PHW trc
khi truyn n DTIC.
- Ngc li n tch lung tn hiu PHW t DTIC thnh bn lung tn hiu
BHW trc khi truyn n 4 DTI.
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B iu khin DTI (DTIC)
- Di s iu khin ca b x l cuc gi (CLP), DTIC iu khin nhiu
DTI, ghp cc tn hiu d liu/thoi tng ng vi 4 lung tn hiu PHW v
truyn n mng chuyn mch thi gian (TDNW) thng qua KHW.
- Ngc li, DTIC phn knh cc tn hiu thoi/d liu thu c thng qua
KHW t TDNW trc khi truyn n DTI.
- C kh nng b li cc s thay i trong mc tn hiu thoi m xy ra
trn cc ng dy truyn dn tn hiu Analog, v cng pht hin cc cuc gi
xut pht t cc thu bao Analog thng qua DTI.
- i vi thu bao ISDN, DTIC cung cp giao thc Lp 2 ca LAPD.
Trung k dch v (SVT)
- Nhn v gi cc tn hiu a ch v ng dy s dng trong h thng bo
hiu knh kt hp.
- Cung cp cc loi thng bo, cc Tone dch v khc nhau.
Giao tip Module trung k (TMI)
- c kt ni n b iu khin Module trung k (TMC) bi ng truyn
tc cao (Highway) ca Module trung k (TMHW) truyn cc tn hiu iu
khin v tn hiu thoi gia TM v DTIC.
B o th ng dy s cp cao (ADLT)
- Cung cp o th cc c tnh truyn dn PCM, o th ch tiu cht lng li
bit trn knh B ca BHW.
c. Module trung k (TM).
Moldule trung k (TM) bao gm cc trung k (TRK), b phi hp o th
(TSTADP), b iu khin Moldule trung k (TMC), giao tip ng dy cho
thu (LLI) v thc hin kt ni cuc gi n t cc tng i xa bng h thng
bo hiu knh kt hp

Hnh 7. S khi chc nng ca TM
Trong :
BHW: ng truyn tc cao B (B - Highway)
DTI: Giao tip truyn dn s
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DTIC: B iu khin giao tip truyn dn s
KHW: ng truyn tc cao K
LLI: Giao tip ng dy cho thu
MUX/DMUX: B ghp knh/phn knh
PHW: ng truyn tc cao P
TMC: B iu khin Module trung k
TMHW: ng truyn tc cao ca Module trung k
TMI: Giao tip Module trung k
TRK: Trung k
TSTADP: B phi hp o th
Chc nng ca cc khi
Trung k (TRK)
Trung k c kt ni n trung k ca tng i xa bi cc ng truyn
khc nhau to cc kt ni cuc gi lin i di s iu khin ca h thng
bo hiu knh kt hp.
Ngoi ra, trung k thc hin bin i cc tn hiu thoi tng t c gi v
nhn bi cc ng truyn n v t cc cuc gi s c dng trong h thng
chuyn mch
B phi hp o th (TST ADP)
Khi cc ng truyn v cc trung k c o th th b phi hp o th
(TST ADP) kt ni cc trung k v cc ng truyn n trung k o th (Tesk
Trunk). TST ADP c iu khin bi b iu khin Module trung k.
B iu khin Module trung k TMC
B TMC iu khin ti a 30 trung k v cc b TST ADP t cc lnh ca b
DTIC.
TMC ghp cc tn hiu thoi s t 30 trung k v tch cc tn hiu TMHW t
b giao tip Module trung k (TMI).
Giao tip ng dy cho thu (LLI)
LLI c s dng nh- mt giao tip tn hiu Analog/Digital cho vic kt ni
gia phn h iu hnh v bo dng trong h thng tng i vi trung tm iu
hnh v bo dng (OMC).
Thng qua LLI, OMC thc hin bo dng t xa i vi h thng tng i
d. Moldule x l bo hiu (SMH)
Moldule x l bo hiu ch yu cc thao tc lin kt vi Lp 2 ca h thng
bo hiu No7 (pht v nhn n v bo hiu, iu khin lung, pht hin li,
iu khin pht li)
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 16


ESP - Bus: Enhance Speech Path Bus
L2HW: Level 2 Highway
* Trong
CSP: B x bo hiu knh chung
CCSC: B iu khin bo hiu knh chung
PMX: B ghp th cp
SBIS: B x l bo hiu ph
* Chc nng ca cc khi:
Giao tip BUS x l bo hiu ph (SBIS)
- Truyn thng tin Lp 3 ca bo hiu No7 gia b CCSC v b x l bo
hiu knh chung (CSP)
- BUS dng truyn tn hiu Lp 3 gi l BUS tuyn thoi tin tin (ESP -
Bus)
B iu khin bo hiu knh chung (CCSC)
- Thc hin iu khin lung, pht hin li, iu khin pht li ca tn hiu
CCS7 nhn c t PMX hay L1I v gi thng tin Lp 3 ca CCS7 n CCSP
thng qua ESP - BUS
- Ngc li, n cng thng tin 2 Lp ca h thng bo hiu N
0
7 vi thng tin
3 Lp nhn t CSP thng qua ESP - BUS, sau truyn thng tin kt hp dn
PMX hay L1I.
B ghp knh/phn knh PHW
- Khi cc ng truyn s c dng cho vic thu v pht tn hiu No7 th b
PXM c s dng ghp ti a 4 lung L2HW thnh mt lung tn hiu
PHW.
- Ngc li, PMX tch lung PHW thnh 4 lung L2HW trc khi truyn n
b CCSC.
Giao tip Lp 1(L1I)
- Khi ng truyn tng t c dng cho vic v pht v nhn tn hiu
CCS7 th L1I c dng chuyn i.
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 17

2. Phn h chuyn mch
NEAX - 61 l mt mng chuyn mch s, c ni ghp bng cc Modul.
Trong phn h chuyn mch c ghp thnh ba tng c bn. N c dung lng
cc ln c th p ng mi yu cu ca mng vin thng c ci tin hn
nhiu so vi cc phn h trc y. Chc nng chnh ca phn h l tch cc tn
hiu KHW nhn c t DTIC v gi cc tn hiu trng thi ti TSC v cc tn
hiu thoi ti TSW. Dn knh cc tn hiu trng thi ti TSC v cc tn hiu
KHW a n DTIC ca phn h ng dng.
- Thc hin chuyn i thi gian, tn hiu thoi t KHWI theo s iu khin
t TSC v gi n SSW qua JHW (v ngc li).
- iu khin TSW theo s nhn c ca CLP v nhn thng tin bo li t
HUBIU, TSW, KHWI, v gi chng n CLP
- Ghp cc tn hiu thoi lung cao JHW t TSW v a ti SSW. Nhn cc
tn hiu thoi c chuyn mch bi SSW v a ti TSW qua JHW.
- Chuyn cc tn hiu t JHWI v theo s iu khin SSW v a chng n
JHWI.
y l mt mng chuyn mch c ghp ni cho gia cc tng cho nn c
mt dung lng ln m khng lm tc nghn.
Trong phn h chuyn mch c dung lng sau:
- Chuyn mch ni ht (LS) c 700.000 ng thu bao v 4000 ng trung
k.
- Chuyn mch chuyn tip c 130000 ng trung k.
- l con s ca tng i NEAX - 61 c th p ng c
Phn h chuyn mch gm c mt mng phn chia thi gian (TDNW) v b
iu khin ng thoi (SPC). Mng phn chia thi gian c cu hnh chuyn
mch 3 tng T- S - T. B iu khin ng thoi s iu khin chuyn mch
thi gian (TSW) v chuyn mch khng gian (SSW) thng qua mt bn tin iu
khin nhn c t b x l cuc gi (CLP) thng qua HUB trong phn h x
l.
Trong :
HUBI: Giao tip HUB
KHW UP/DOWN: Lung KHW hng i v hng v
TSW: Chuyn mch thi gian
SSW: Chuyn mch khng gian
TSC: B iu khin chuyn mch thi gian
SSC: B iu khin chuyn mch khng gian
Application Subsystem: Phn h ng dng
Time Division Network: Mng phn chia thi gian
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 18

Speech Path Controller: B iu khin ng thoi
Switching Subsystem: Phn h huyn mch
Processor Subsystem: Phn h x l

Hnh 9. S khi chc nng phn h chuyn mch
a. Module chuyn mch thi gian (TSM)
Giao tip lung KHW (KHWI)
- Tch cc tn hiu KHW nhn c t DTIC thnh cc bn tin, cc tn hiu
trng thi, cc tin hiu thoi v gi cc tn hiu bn tin n b HUBI, gi cc tn
hiu thoi n TSW.
- Ghp cc tn hiu thoi t TSW, tn hiu trng thi t TSC v tn hiu bn
tin t HUBI to ra tn hiu KHW ri gi n DTIC, ca phn h ng dng
Chuyn mch thi gian TSW
- Thc hin chuyn mch thi gian ca cc tn hiu thoi nhn t giao din
KHWI theo cc tn hiu iu khin t TSC v gi cc tn hiu thoi n SSW
thng qua JHW.
- Ngc li, TSW thc hin chuyn mch thi gian cc tn hiu thoi nhn
c t SSW thng qua IHW theo tn hiu iu khin t TSC v gi cc tn hiu
thoi n KHWI
B iu khin chuyn mch thi gian (TSC)
- iu khin cc TSW theo bn tin iu khin t CLP.
- Nhn thng tin li t HUBI, TSW, KHWI v cc khi khc, v gi thng tin
n b x l cuc gi CLP
Giao tip HUB (HUBI)
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 19

- Tch cc tn hiu bn tin t d liu tng thch trong cc Cell (mi Cell c
53 byte) nhn c thng qua HUB v gi cc tn hiu n TSC v KHWI.
- Ngc li, HUBI tp hp cc tn hiu bn tin nhn c t TSC v KHWI,
chn cc tn hiu vo cc Cell v gi cc Cell n HUB.
b. Module chuyn mch khng gian (SSM)
Giao tip JHW (JHWI)
- Nhn cc tn hiu thoi t TSW thng qua JHW v gi chng n b chuyn
mch khng gian (SSW)
- Nhn cc tn hiu thoi c chuyn mch bi SSW v gi chng n TSW
thng qua JHW
Chuyn mch khng gian (SSW)
- Thc hin chuyn mch khng gian cc tn hiu thoi nhn c t JHWI
theo tn hiu iu khin t SSC v gi chng n JHWI
B iu khin chuyn mch khng gian SSC
- iu khin SSW theo bn tin iu khin t CLP
- Nhn thng tin li t HUBI, SSC, KHWI v cc khi khc v truyn thng
tin n CLP
Giao tip HUB (HUBI)
- Tp hp cc tn hiu bn tin t d liu trong cc Cell nhn c qua HUB
v gi cc tn hiu n SSC
- Ngc li, HUBI tch cc tn hiu bn tin nhn c t SSC chn cc tn
hiu vo cc Cell v gi cc Cell n HUB.
3. Phn h x l
a. Cu trc phn h x l
Phn h x l to thnh trung tm iu khin v qun l ton b h thng
tng i
- Phn h x l bao gm:
+ B x l cuc gi (CLP): X l cuc gi.
+ B x l qun l ti nguyn (RMP): iu khin cc ngun ti nguyn
c chia s bi ton b h thng.
+ B x l bo hiu knh chung (CSP): Thc hin vic giao dch lin kt
vi mc 3 ca h thng bo hiu knh chung.
+ B x l iu hnh v bo dng (OMP): Cung cp cc tn hiu iu
hnh v bo dng.
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 20

Vic lin lc gia cc b x l c thc hin thng qua HUB

Hnh 10: S khi chc nng ca phn h x l
Trong :
PRU: n v x l
ATOMSW: Chuyn mch ATOM
ESPBM: BUS tuyn thoi tin tin chnh
b. Chc nng ca tng khi trong phn h x l
n v x l (PRU)
- PRU gm b vi x l, b nh v cc n v vo ra v tt c u c ghp
i.
- Giao tip vi cc thit b khc thng qua BUS VMP
Giao tip HUB (HUBI)
c gn trong mi b CLP, RMP, CSP v OMP. HUBI ng vai tr giao
tip cho vic lin lc gia cc b x l thng qua HUB.
Giao tip ng dy (LINF)
Bin i cc tn hiu t HUBI thnh cc tn hiu Cell v d liu chuyn mch
trc khi truyn n MUX
- Nhn cc d liu chuyn mch v cc Cell t DMUX, chn d liu c ch
ra bi d liu chuyn mch trong phn u vo ca cc Cell v gi cc Cell ny
n HUBI.
Ghp/tch knh (MUX/DMUX)
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 21

- MUX ghp cc tn hiu Cell ca h thng 0 v 1, v d liu chuyn mch
trc khi truyn n SW.
- DMUX tch cc tn hiu Cell v d liu chuyn mch nhn c t
ATOMSW trc khi truyn n LINF.
B chuyn mch ATOM (ATOMSW)
- Thc hin chuyn mch im - im v chuyn mch qung b
- Chuyn mch cc tn hiu Cell c ghp knh bi MUX theo d liu
chuyn mch trc khi truyn n DMUX.
B iu khin CTL
- Gim st cc khi chc nng ring bit trong n v HUB v thng bo kt
qu vic gim st n OMP.
- Ngc li OMP thu thng tin cnh bo v lm sng n cnh bo tng ng
tn hiu iu khin t OMP.
4. Phn h iu hnh v bo dng
a. Tng qut
- Phn h iu hnh v bo dng bao gm cc b ch th li, cnh bo, cc
thit b giao tip ngi - my, cc thit b vo/ra cng vi cc thit b giao tip
kt ni cc thit b trn vi b x l iu hnh v bo dng OMP. i vi
giao tip gia thit b vo/ra vi OMP, ton b BUS SCCI c dng cho php
cc thit b vo/ra mi c th c thm vo d dng. i vi giao tip cho u
cui tch hp th giao tip RS-232C c s dng, hoc Ethernet c dng nh-
mt giao tip cho vic lin lc gia trung tm iu hnh v bo dng (CMC) v
(OMP).
* Trong :
- AALP: Audioble Alarm Panel - Bng cnh bo m thanh
- VALP: Visual Alarm Panel - Bng cnh bo hin th
- DAT: Data Audio Table - Bng t s
- DK: Disk - a t
- MIF: Mainternance Interface Function - Giao din bo dng
- PRU: n v b x l
- ROP: Receiver Only Printer - My in ch nhn d liu
- SCSI: Giao tip h thng my tnh nh
- SVC: B iu khin gim st
- COC: B iu khin lin lc
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 22

Hnh11: Cu hnh ca phn h iu hnh v bo dng
b. Chc nng ca tng khi ring bit
Thit b giao tip ngi my
Thit b ny c dng cho vic giao tip gia ngi bo dng v h thng
chuyn mch
- u cui tch hp
+ nhn vo cc lnh
+ thc hin t l chim d ca mi b x l
+ hin th cc bn tin xut ra
+ Ch th cnh bo
+ iu khin ti khi ng ca mi b x l
+ Hin th trng thi khi ng ca h thng
+ Thit lp h thng bng nhn cng
- My ch in nhn
+ in ra cc tn hiu qun l v bo dng
Cc b phn ch th li v cnh bo
- Bng cnh bo m thanh AALP: Pht ra cc Tone cnh bo khc nhau tng
ng vi cc loi thng tin cnh bo
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- Bng cnh bo nhn thy c VALP: Cung cp cc mu sc khc nhau
tng ng vi cc loi thng tin cnh bo
Cc thit b vo/ra
- c kt ni n BUS SCSI lu tr cp nht thng tin cn thit cho vic
iu hnh v bo dng h thng chuyn mch
+ a t (DK): lu tr d phng cc File h thng
+ Bng t s (DAT): L phng tin nhp vo v xut ra cho cc File h
thng
Thit b giao tip
Tng hp cc thng tin li, cung cp cc iu khin cnh bo v pht cc
thng tin bo dng t xa
Giao tip bo dng (MIF)
+ Tng hp thng tin v li h thng v gi n OMP
+ Ch th thng tin cnh bo bng cch dng AALP/VALP tu thuc vo
cc kiu thng tin cnh bo
+ Thu pht thng tin cnh bo t xa gia OMC v OMP
Thit b o th
Kim tra cc loi trung k t u cui in thoi Analog bng cc th tc
quay s. My in thoi kim tra
+ o th xut pht ng dy trung k
+ o th trung k dch v
+ o th b gim st ng dy
B iu khin lin lc (COC)
iu khin thu v pht thng tin qun l v bo dng n t PRU
iu khin thu v pht d liu gia OMC v PRU
B iu khin gim st SVC
- Gim st trng thi ca cc b x l khc v iu khin ti khi ng bt
buc khi c li.
- Cha ROM lu tr d liu h thng tng i
- Yu cu thng tin cnh bo v ton b h thng (li v cung cp ngun cho
Frame, Module, cu tr, thit b) v gi thng tin n phn mm ca b x l
OMP
iu khin giao tip h thng my tnh nh SSC
iu khin bng t v a t bng cch dng giao tip h thng my tnh nh
5. Phn h v tinh
a. H thng n v ng dy v tinh (RLU System)
H thng n v ng dy xa (RLU) c chc nng thu/pht v ghp/tch
knh cc tn hiu thoi n b iu khin ni ht ca tng i ch (Host), gip
cho h thng phc v cc knh thu bao khu vc xa mt cch hiu qu.
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 24

* Bao gm:
+ B iu khin giao tip ng dy xa (RLUIC) ca phn h ng dng
+ n v ng dy xa c lp t ti tng i v tinh
(a) Subscriber Accommodating Systerm Of Host Office



(b) RLU System
Hnh 12. Cu hnh thu bao ti tng i ch v cu hnh ca RLU
Trong :
+ LSW: Chuyn mch ng dy
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 25


+ RLUIC: B iu khin giao tip ng dy xa
+ SCL: Scan
+ X25HS: X25 Host
+ X25R: X25 Remote
n v ng dy xa (RLU) c iu khin bi b x l cuc gi ca tng
i Host. Bn tin iu khin RLU t CLP c chuyn i thnh tn hiu iu
khin RLU t CLP ca b iu khin giao tip n v ng dy xa (RLUIC)
v tn hiu iu khin RLU c gi trn ng truyn tc s cp n RLU.
Tr li li tn hiu iu khin ny, tn hiu qut v tn hiu cnh bo t mch
ng dy gi trn ng truyn ti CPU ca RLUIC, ti y n c chuyn
i thnh mt bn tin trc khi truyn ti CLP
b. H thng n v ng dy m rng ELU
n v ng dy m rng l n v ng dy truy nhp v tng thch c
hiu qu t 120 n 720 thu bao. N c th s dng cho khu vc thng mi v
nng thn.
H thng ELU gm b iu khin truyn dn ng dy s (DLTC) trong
tng i ch v n v ng dy m rng.
- Cu hnh ca ELU gm:
+ ELM: Module ng dy m rng
+ ELMC: B iu khin ELM
- ELU v tng i Host c kt ni vi nhau bng ng truyn PCM (2M)
Mt cuc gi bn trong ELU c x l bi b x l cuc gi CLP trong
tng i Host cng ging nh mt cuc gi trong tng i Host. DLTC bin i
theo th t cc tn hiu t CLP thnh cc tn hiu bn tin v sau gi chng
n ELU thng qua DTI. ng thi n cng bin i tn hiu bn tin c gi
t ELU n cc tn hiu qut v cc tn hiu tr li ri gi chng n CLP thng
qua LOC.
Cc cuc gi bn trong tng i cng c iu khin bi tng i ch Host.
ELU khng c chc nng DROPBACK nh n v ng dy xa RLU.


Hnh 13: Cu hnh ca ELU
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c. Truyn dn quang
Khi tng i ch v tng i v tinh RLU hoc ELU cch xa nhau th chng
c kt ni bng cc ng truyn. Vic s dng cp quang s gim c chi
ph rt nhiu.
Mt Card giao tip truyn dn quang (OTI) trong module giao tip truyn dn
quang OTIM c lp t bng hai mch truyn dn quang. Mt mch ghp 4
lung tn hiu PCM 2.048Mbps (tn hiu in) sau bin i chng thnh tn
hiu quang 8,192Mbps truyn tn hiu gia tng i ch v tng i v tinh.


Hnh 14: Truyn dn quang gia tng i ch v tng i v tinh
MUX: Demultiplexer
DMUX: Multiplexer











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Chng III: Cu trc phn mm ca NEAX - 61
Phn mm ca h thng c cu trc phn lp (Layer) gm cc lp sau:
+ Lp iu khin dch v (Service Control Layer)
+ Lp ng dng Appication Layer
+ Lp h iu hnh OS m rng (Expansion OS Layer)

Hnh 15. Cu trc phn mm ca h thng NEAX - 61
Cc lp ny c cu trc thnh dng ngun. Ngun trong mi lp c qun
tr v iu khin nhm m bo khi c s b xung hoc thay i mt Lp no
th cc Lp khc thay i
I . Lp OS c bn (BASI C OS LAYER)
Lp OS c bn bao gm 2 phn:
+ RX - UX/VR: l h iu hnh cung cp cc chc nng iu khin phn
mm v phn cng trong h thng chuyn mch.
+ Lp iu khin phn cng.
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 28


Hnh 15. Cu trc ca lp OS c bn
1. Phn RX - UX/VR
Bao gm h iu hnh thi gian thc (RTOS - Real Time OS) h iu hnh
UNIX (UNIX OS) v b iu hnh OS
RTOS: Cung cp cc chc nng iu khin sau:
+ iu khin nghip v
+ iu khin Clock
+ iu khin truyn thng v tng tc ni b
+ iu khin b nh
+ iu khin b ngt (Interput) v loi tr ngt
+ iu khin x l khi ng
UNIX OS: S dng chy cc tc v khng i hi x l trong thi gian thc
hin nh-: Qun tr c s d liu, cung cp giao din ngi - my
2. Lp iu khin phn cng
+ Cung cp mi trng cho h iu hnh
+ iu khin truy nhp File
+ iu khin truy nhp bng cc ngoi vi kt ni vi h thng NEAX - 61
I I . Lp OS m rng
Lp OS m rng cung cp giao din cho Lp ng dng vi cc thit b u
cui khc nhau:
Lp OS m rng c cc chc nng qun l chnh sau:
+ Qun l h thng (System Management)
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 29

+ Qun l thit b (Equipment Mngement)
+ Qun l h hng CSDL (DBMS Management)
+ Qun l vn hnh v bo dng (O v M management)
+ Qun l truyn thng ni b (Inter Procesor Comunication Management)
+ Qun l x l cc giao thc (Protocol Procesing Mamagement)

Hnh 16. Lp OS m rng
I I I . Lp ng dng bao gm
+ Lp ng dng c bn (Basic Application Layer)
+ Lp iu khin cuc gi (Call Control Layer)
+ Lp vn hnh v bo dng (O v M Layer)
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Th.S Nguyn Th Kim Thu Page 30


Hnh 17. Cu trc Lp ng dng
1. Lp ng dng c bn c cc chc nng sau:
- Qun l phi hp
- iu khin dch v
- iu khin cc cuc gi c bn
- Phn tch v nhm cc dch v
2. Lp iu khin, Lp vn hnh v bo dng
Thc hin cc chc nng nh-:
- Bin dch lnh
- nh tuyn (Routing)
- Nhm cc thit b vn hnh v bo dng, thit lp cc








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