KCG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

KARAPAKKAM, CHENNAI 600 097

B.Tech Info!"#$on Techno%o&'
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PART A

1. State the difference between token ring and FDDI.
).NO. TOKEN RING F22I
1
2
3
4
It uses shielded twisted pair
cables
It uses Manchester encoding
It supports data rate up to
16Mbps
It is ipleented as a ring!
switch or Multistation "ccess
#nit
It uses fiber optic cable
It uses 4$%&$ before '()*1 for
encoding
It supports data rate up to 1++
Mbps
It is ipleented as dual ring!
nodes with single attachent
station and dual attachent
station with concentrator.
2. ,ist the t-pes of data fraes in FDDI.
S-nchronous .S*fraes/
"s-nchrouous ."* fraes/
3. Define the ter S0'12.
S0'123 S-nchronous 0ptical 'etwork! a standard for connecting
fiber*optic transission s-stes. 2he standard defines a hierarch- of
interface rates that allow data streas at different rates to be ultiple4ed.
5ith the ipleentation of S0'12! counication carriers throughout the
world can interconnect their e4isting digital carrier and fiber optic s-ste.
4. 5hat is the ain purpose of the second ring in FDDI protocol6
2he ain purpose of second ring in FDDI is as follows3
5hene7er a proble occurs on the priar- ring! the secondar- can be
acti7ated to coplete data circuits and aintain ser7ice.
&. Describe two ad7antages of using packet switching for data transission.
1. It helps in detection of transission errors! because echanis
such as parit- checksu can be used.
2. It gi7es fair access for a shared connection between an-
coputers because packets are interlea7ed with others.
3. 8ackets can be routed independentl- allowing load balancing
on the network.
6. 5hat is the eaning of ultiple I8 address at a router6
(outer is a ultihoed de7ice. " ultihoed de7ice is connected to
ultiple networks and has an I8 addresses for each network to which it is
connected. So router has ultiple I8 addresses.
9. 5hat is I8 spoofing6 :ow can a router be used to pre7ent I8 spoofing6
In I8 spoofing! a sender inserts a false address into the source address
field of an I8 datagra. 2he router that is directl- attached to! a host! since it
knows the I8 address! of each of its directl- attached neighbors.
;. <i7e an account of the pri7ate addresses.
" nuber of blocks in each class are assigned for pri7ate use. 2he-
are not used globall-. 2hese addresses are used either in isolation or in
connection with address translation techni=ues.
>lass 'et id $locks
"
$
>
1+.+.+.+
192.16 to 192.31
1?2.16;+ to 1?2.16;2&&
1
16
2&6
?. 5hat is the function of "(86
2he purpose of "(8 is to ap I8 address of a host with M">
address."(8 finds the ph-sical address of a host if its I8 address is known.
1+. 5rite the difference between a router and a bridge.
$(ID<1 (0#21(
1. $ridge is a interconnecting de7ice
in network that connects two
,"'s! of sae t-pe
2. It aintains a forwarding table
that forwards packets to all nodes
connected in the destination
segent.
1. (outer is a
interconnecting
de7ice in network
that connects two
,"'s of different
t-pes
2. It aintains a routing
table that directs the
packets to the correct
destination
11. 5here a routing table is aintained6 "lso state the purpose of
aintaining a routing table.
(outing table is aintained in a router that contains the route to reach
the destination. 5hen a host wants to send a packet to another host! it sends
to the nearb- router which forwards the packet based on its routing table
inforation to appropriate destination. " routing table can ha7e the entire
route for a destination. 2his routing table is aintained for each host or
routers.
12. 5hat is the broadcast and ulticast address for 1thernet6
" ulticast address is an identifier for a group of hosts that ha7e
@oined a ulticast group. It is known as a class D t-pe of I8 address. It
ranges fro 224.+.+.+ to 23?.2&&.2&&.2&&.
" broadcast address is an I8 address that allows inforation to be sent
to all achines on a gi7en subnet rather than a specific achine. <enerall-
the broadcast address is found b- taking the bit copleent of the subnet
ask and then 0(*ing it bitwise with the I8 address.
PART B
1. 14plain :D,> in detail.
2. >opare the 1thernet technologies in detail.
3. State the a@or difference between Distance 7ector routing and link state
routing. Discuss how these routing techni=ues work.
4. Discuss in detail about subnetting and subnet asking. 14plain with
e4aples.
&. :ow to ap logical address into ph-sical address6 14plain it with
e4aple.
6. 14plain in detail about routing! routers! classful and classless addressing.