Nhm 10 Bo Co Project

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TI : MCH THU SNG FM
GVHD: PGS-TS L TIN THNG
SINH VIN THC HIN
NHM 10 :
1. L QUANG LONG 41001755
2. THIU HU TRUNG 71003677

Phn nhn xt , nh gi ca thy :









BO CO PROJECT
IU BIN TNG T V S

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ti Thc hin mch thu sng FM c thc hin t thng 9/2013 n
thng 12/2013. Trong sut qu trnh lm project ny nhm chng ti c
s gip ca:
PGS-TS L Tin Thng B mn Vin Thng-Khoa in in T- trng
i hc Bch Khoa Tp H Ch Minh gi ti, tn tnh hng dn, cung
cp ti liu v lun ng vin tinh thn chng ti c th hon thnh tt ti
ny.
Cc bn sinh vin lp VP10VT i hc Bch Khoa TpHCM trao i
kinh nghim v gip chng ti trong qu trnh lm vic.
Xin gi n nhng ngi trn li cm n chn thnh!












Nhm 10 Bo Co Project

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Ngy nay, cc my Radio thu sng FM, AM tr nn ph bin. Truyn thng
bng sng FM l hnh thc c in v ngy cng pht trin v hon thin. My
Radio FM mang n th gii thng tin v gii tr cho nhng vng cao v nhng
vng cha pht trin mnh v truyn hnh v Internet. ti Thc hin mch thu
sng FM l mt phn nh trong cc my Radio thu sng FM . ti ny gip
chng ti n tp cng c kin thc hc, nng cao k nng thc hin mch in .
Trong ti ny, chng ti thc hin c mch thu sng thnh cng v thu
c tn hiu FM t i pht .















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MC LC

LI CM N ............................................................. 2
TM TT TI ..................................................... 3
MC LC .................................................................. 4
DANH MC HNH .................................................... 5
I. TNG QUAN : .................................................. 6
1. YU CU TI : ........................................................................................ 6
2. C S L THUYT : ..................................................................................... 6
II. NI DUNG ...................................................... 8
1. S NGUYN L CA IC TA2003 ......................................................... 8
2. S THC HIN CA IC TA2003:........................................................12
3. S MCH NGUYN L V BNG ORCARD CAPTURE: ....................13
4. S MCH IN ORCAD LAYOUT: .......................................................14
III. KT QU V NHN XT : ........................ 14
1. Tin trnh thc hin ti : ............................................................................14
2. Kt qu t c : mch thu c tn hiu FM t i pht ..........................15
3. Nhn xt v kt lun: ......................................................................................16
IV. TI LIU THAM KHO: ............................. 16



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DANH MC HNH

Hnh 1: M hnh khi iu ch ni pht v gii iu ch ni thu ..7
Hnh 2: S nguyn l IC TA2003..9
Hnh 3 : Di tn s thu RF....10
Hnh 4: S mch thu ngoi sai ( superheretodyne receiver )...10
Hnh 5: Di tn s IF11
Hnh 6:S nguyn l b khuch i tn hiu dng TDA2003.11
Hnh 7 : TDA 2003...12
Hnh 8: S thc hin IC TA2003.12
Hnh 9: S nguyn l mch thu sng FM13
Hnh 10 : S mch in Layout- Orcad...14
Hnh 11: Dng sng tn hiu FM thu c khi a vo phn mm Cool edit
pro.15
Hnh 12: Dng sng tn hiu FM thu c khi a vo phn mm Cool edit
pro..16


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I. TNG QUAN :
1. YU CU TI :
THIT K V THI CNG MCH THU TN HIU FM
MCH CN THU C TN HIU FM T I PHT V PHT
RA C TING
2. C S L THUYT :
a. S lc v iu ch :
truyn tn hiu tin tc t i pht n ni nhn ta cn dng sng
mang c tn s cao v i pht c nng lng ln . qu trnh truyn
v nhn thng tin c hon ho ngi ta cn iu ch tn hiu . Tn
hiu iu ch ny c th l tn hiu gc pht ra t ngun tin , hoc c th
l tn hiu c bin i t tn hiu gc bi cc php lc, m ha ,
trn knh thng c xem l di tn s thp , do cn c gi
l tn hiu di nn ( baseband).
iu ch l thc hin thay i thng s ca sng mang nh bin ,pha
, tn s theo s bin thin ca tn hiu iu ch .
Qu trnh iu ch phi l qu trnh c th o ngc c, c ngha l
tn ti qu trnh khi phc li tn hiu iu ch t sng mang iu
ch, c tn hiu di nn cha thng tin . Ta gi l qu trnh gii
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iu ch (demodulating) , c m hnh c v nh hnh 1.1 . C hai
kiu gii iu ch : gii iu ch kt hp v gii iu ch khng kt hp


`





Hnh 1: M hnh khi iu ch ni pht v gii iu ch ni thu

Cc li im ca iu ch :
iu ch cho php tng hiu sut thng tin : Nh c tnh dch
chuyn ph tn s ln cao, tn hiu sng mang iu ch d dng
truyn i xa hn , cc antenna pht v thu c kch thc nh hn.
iu ch cho php tng bng thng thng tin : V tn s sng mang
thng rt cao nn tn hiu sng mang iu ch c di bng thng
c th rng hn nhiu ln so vi di tn s ca tn hiu iu ch , vi
cng mt h s chn lc f
0
/f mong mun.
iu ch cho php gim nhiu v can nhiu. gim nh hng ca
nhiu hoc can nhiu ln tn hiu tin tc , mt kh nng l tng tht
ln cng sut pht tn hiu sao cho chng c th vt qua c mc
cng sut nhiu trong mi trng truyn n ni thu ( vi mt t s
S/N chp nhn c ). Tuy nhin , thc t khng cho php tng cng
sut pht ln qu ln ( do kh nng chu ng cng sut ca linh kin
thit b, do hiu sut cng sut i pht qu thp , do s an ton
)Trong trng hp ny iu ch sng mang cho php gim thiu
nh hng ca nhiu m khng cn tng cng sut pht .
Sng mang
iu ch
Tn hiu
iu ch
( Tn hiu
di nn )
Sng mang
( Pht)
Ti to sng mang
(Thu kt hp)
Tn hiu
iu ch
( Thu) ( Tn hiu
di nn )
Tn hiu
tin tc
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iu ch cho php gn tn s pht : trong cng mt mi trng truyn
tin , cc knh thng tin c ni dung nh nhau c th s dng cc di
tn s pht khc nhau . iu ch ,vi chc nng tng ng nh i
tn s , cho php xc nh tn s pht cho mi knh . Nh vy, ni
thu c th tch bit tn hiu mun thu trong s nhiu tn hiu t cc
i pht khc nhau thng qua php lc tn s .
iu ch cho php thc hin ghp knh : Ghp knh c thc hin
khi ta mun truyn i nhiu tn hiu tin tc khc nhau, t nhiu ngun
pht tin khc nhau n nhiu ni nhn tin khc nhau , s dng cng
mt mi trng truyn .
b. IU CH FM : ( IU CH TN S )
iu ch tn s c p dng trong k thut v tuyn in v k thut
x l tn hiu. Ngi ta truyn thng tin trn mt sng mang cao tn
bng hai cch. Thay i tn s sng mang theo tn hiu cn truyn,
trong khi bin ca sng mang cao tn khng thay i, l k thut
iu ch tn s.
V phm vi bng sng iu tn c nhng tiu chun khc nhau: Tiu
chun OIRT (t chc quc t v truyn thanh v truyn hnh) c di
sng t 65,8 MHz n 73 MHz. Tiu chun CCIR (hi ng t vn
quc t v v tuyn in) c gii tn 87,5 MHz n 104 MHz. M v
Nht li dng di rng hn l t 87,5 MHz n 108 MHz

II. NI DUNG
1. S NGUYN L CA IC TA2003




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Hnh 2: S nguyn l IC TA2003
Khi 1: khi thu sng FM
N gm antenna v mch lc Bandpass filter
Khi 2 : Mch lc RF ( Radio frequency)
Tn hiu ca knh mun thu x
c
(t) c chn lc v khuch i nh khi ny ti
tn s f
c
. B khuch i RF ny thng c bang thng B
RF
tng i rng v c
th thu nhn lun cc knh ln cn ca tn hiu x
c
(t) , nh c v p tuyn tn
s H
RF
(f) ( hnh 3)

KHI 3
KHI 2
KHI
1
KHI 4
KHI 5
KHI 6
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Hnh 3 : Di tn s thu RF
Khi 3: Gm hai b dao ng ni . N to ra 2 dao ng c tn s chnh lch 10.7
MHz
Khi 4: Khi trn
Tn hiu x
c
(t) tn s f
c
sau c chuyn v tn s trung tn F
IF
<f
c
nh khi
ny.Vi tn s dao ng ni tha f
LO
tha mn iu kin sau :
f
LO
=f
c
+ f
IF
hoc f
LO
=f
c
- f
IF

hoc mt cch tng qut hn :
f f f
LO IF
c


Phng thc trn gi l kiu thu ngoi sai ( superheretodyne receiver )


Hnh 4: S mch thu ngoi sai ( superheretodyne receiver )

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Khi 5: Khi khuch i IF
Ti khi ny , tn hiu trung tn F
IF
c khch i trung tn v chn lc bi b
lc c bng thng B
IF
B
To
( hnh 3) , do loi b c cc can nhiu ca cc
knh ln cn so vi x
c
(t) . Ngoi ra , v tn s trung tn F
IF
l c nh cho mi
knh thu, bng thng B
IF
cng c nh nn ta c th thit k b khch i trung tn
n nh vi h s khuch i ln v iu quyt nh ch yu n li ca
ton mch thu.

Hnh 5: Di tn s IF
i vi tn hiu FM th tn s trung tn F
IF-FM
=10,7 MHz
Khi 6: Khi tch sng

Tn hiu trung tn sau khi c tch sng th s c qua mch khuch
i . y chng ti s dng IC TDA 2003 lm b khuch i tn hiu


Hnh 6:S nguyn l b khuch i tn hiu dng TDA2003
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Hnh 7 : TDA 2003
2. S THC HIN CA IC TA2003:

Hnh 8: S thc hin IC TA2003


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3. S MCH NGUYN L V BNG ORCARD CAPTURE:
Trong s ny gm c ba khi chnh :
Khi thu v gii iu ch tn hiu FM :
Phn thu chnh : gm 1 anten
S dng IC TA 2003 lm chc gii iu ch tn hiu thu
Khi khuch i :
khi ny tn hiu tin tc sau khi c x l v gii iu ch
khi trn th s c khch i pht ra speaker
y chng em s dng IC TA2003 khuch i tn hiu
Khi pht thanh ( speaker ) : khi ny , tn hiu tin tc sau khi qua
mch khuch i s c pht ra loa

Hnh 9: S nguyn l mch thu sng FM

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4. S MCH IN ORCAD LAYOUT:

Hnh 10 : S mch in Layout- Orcad

III. KT QU V NHN XT :
1. Tin trnh thc hin ti :
Thc hin tm hiu, nghin cu v thit k s nguyn l mch
thu sng FM
Thc hin v s nguyn l trn Capture- Orcad
Kim tra v xc nh cc thnh phn , cc khi chc nng trn
mch
Chun b ln danh sch lin kin v chun b linh kin cho thc
hin mch in
V mch Layout- Orcad
Thi cng mch
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Kim tra hot ng ca mch
2. Kt qu t c : mch thu c tn hiu FM t i pht
Tn hiu sau khi qua b khuch i th c th pht m thanh nh Speaker
Chng ta cng c th cho pht ra loa my tnh bng cch kt ni vo
my tnh .
y chng ti a vo phn mm Cool Edit pro thu m thanh
nhn c v xem dng sng
Di y l mt s dng sng thu c

Hnh 11: Dng sng tn hiu FM thu c khi a vo phn mm Cool edit pro
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Hnh 12: Dng sng tn hiu FM thu c khi a vo phn mm Cool edit pro
3. Nhn xt v kt lun:
Cht lng m thanh thu c ph thuc nhiu vo cun dy 3.5T
C th pht trin ti theo hng thu c tin hiu AM v FM
IV. Ti liu tham kho:
1. Communication Systems, A. Bruce Carlson, Paul B. Crilly, Janet
C.Rutledge Internation editions , Fourth edition , 2002
2. Gio trnh thng tin tng t v s , V nh Thnh , i hc Bch
Khoa thnh ph H Ch Minh
3. Cc ti tiu t mng Internet :
www.Dientuvietnam.net
www.Hoiquandientu.com
www.kholuanvan


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