Hydraulic & Pressure knowledge

and Trouble shooting

NS BlueScope Vietnam Ltd
ME. TUONG PHUOC THO
Department of Mechatronics
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Ho Chi Minh city University of Technical Education
Email: tuongphuoctho@gmail.com
Mobile: 0909 160 264 0969 956 596
HYDRAULIC
1
3
4
5
NI DUNG
Gii thiu tng quan
Bi tp thc hnh ng dng
Cc phn t trong h thng Thy lc
Thit k h thng iu khin in Thy lc
2
C s l thuyt thy lc

U NHC IEM
u iem
Truyen c cong suat cao va lc ln nh cac c cau tng oi n
gian.
Co kha nang giam khoi lng va kch thc c cau chap hanh nh
chon ap suat lam viec cao.
Ket cau gon nhe, v tr cua cac phan t dan khong phu thuoc vi nhau.
De e phong qua tai nh van an toan.
T ong hoa n gian, cac phan t tieu chuan hoa.
Nhc iem
Mat mat hieu suat.
Khi tai trong thay oi, van toc truyen cung thay oi.
Nhiet o anh hng en o nht..

Mot so may truyen ong bang thuy
lc.
Mt s ng dng v
truyn ng thy lc
Y71-150T four column hydraulic press
Wenzhou Sanchi
Hydraulic
Mechanical
Co.,Ltd
Y71-1000T2500T 4-column hydraulic press
Wenzhou Sanchi Hydraulic
Mechanical Co.,Ltd
PIRANHA 175 TON PRESS BRAKE

Hydraulic excavator
Hydraulic excavator
Nguyn l my o gu nghch
My xc o lin hp

Nguyn l my o gu thun
Ap suat thuy tnh
2
. .
abs F
p g h p
C S LY THUYET THUY LC
C S LY THUYET THUY LC
F
1
F
2
F
3
F
5 F
4
3 5 1 2 4
1 2 3 4 5
F F F F F
P
A A A A A

KHUYECH AI LC
1 2
1 2
F F
A A

1 1 2
2 2 1
F A S
F A S

V DU: CON OI THUY LC
1
2
2
F
A b
F F
A a

Power
Hydraulic power = Pressure x Flow
rate
Pressure P : pascals (N/m
2
)
Flow rate: m
3
/s
= P (N/m
2
) x Q (m
3
/s)
= P x Q (Nm/s)
= P x Q (watts)
Power
Flow rate Q: liters/minute
Pressure P: bar
To calculate the the hydraulic power:
Q (l/min) = Q/60 (l/s)

Q (m
3
/s)
=
60 x 10
3
P (bar) = P x 10
5
(N/m
2
)

Power
Hydraulic power = Q (l/min) x P
(bar)

Q (m
3
/s)
=
60 x 10
3
x
P x 10
5
(N/m
2
)

=
600

Q x P x 10
3
(Nm/s)

=
600

Q x P x 10
3
(watts)

=
600

Q x P (kW)
Example:
A hydraulic pump delivers 12 liters
of fluid per minute against a
pressure of 200 bar.

1. Calculate the hydraulic power?
2. If the overall pump efficiency is
60%, what size electric motor would
be needed to drive the pump?

Example:
Hydraulic power (kW)
12( / min).200( )
600
4
l bar
kW

Pump overall efficiency =

Power output of Pump
Power input
Motor power (Power input) =
Power output of Pump
overall efficiency
= 4/0.6
= 6.67 kW
3.1.1 Yu cu i vi du thy lc
3.1
Nhng ch tiu nh gi cht lng cht lng lm vic l:
nht, kh nng chu nhit, n nh tnh cht ha
hc v tnh cht vt l, tnh chng g, tnh khng n mn
cc chi tit cao su, kh nng bi trn, tnh si bt, nhit
bt la, nhit ng c.
3
Cc phn t trong h thng Thy lc
Cung cp v x l du
Cht lng lm vic phi m bo cc yu
cu sau:
C kh nng bi trn tt trong khong thay i ln nhit
v p sut.
nht t ph thuc vo nhit
C tnh tr vi b mt kim loi
Hn ch kh nng xm nhp ca kh v d tch kh ra
C nht thch ng m bo r du b nht
t si bt v bc hi khi lm vic
t ha tan trong nc v khng kh
Dn nhit tt
Trong nhng yu cu trn th du khong vt tha mn
c y nht. Sau y l k hiu cc loi du theo
tiu chun DIN 51524 v CETOP
H Du khong vt c tnh trung ha vi cc b mt kim loi,
hn ch c kh nng xm nhp ca kh v d tch kh ra
L Du khong vt c thm cht ph gia tng tnh cht c
hc v ha hc trong thi gian vn hnh di
P Du khong vt c thm cht ph gia gim s mi mn
v kh nng chu ti trng ln.
Thng thng s dng du khong vt
HL cho nhng yu cu n gin vi p sut lm vic nh
hn 200 bar
HLP cho nhng yu cu vi p sut lm vic ln hn 200 bar
Bm v ng c du
Bm du v ng c du l hai thit b c chc nng
khc nhau, tuy nhin cch tnh ton v kt cu ca bm
v ng c du cng loi l ging nhau
Bm du l mt c cu bin i c nng thnh ng
nng v th nng di dng p sut ca du. Trong h
thng du p ch dng bm th tch.
Thng s c bn ca bm l lu lng v p sut.
ng c du l thit b dng bin nng lng ca
dng cht lng thnh ng nng quay trn trc ng c.
Thng s c bn ca ng c du l lu lng ca 1
vng quay v hiu p sut ng vo v ng ra.
3.1.2
p sut lm vic
p sut lm vic thay
i theo thi gian:
p sut n nh: P1
p sut cao: P2
p sut nh: P3 (p sut
qua van trn)
P
t
P
P
3
P
2
P
1
T = 6s
Cc loi bm du 3.1.2
A
Bm bnh rng
Important parameters
Displacement volume 0.2 to 200 cm3 (size dependent)
Max. pressureup to300 bar
Range of speeds 500 to 6000 rpm

External gear pump
BM BNH RNG N KHP NGOI


INTERNAL GEAR PUMP
BM BNH RNG N KHP TRONG
The most important feature of internal gear pumps is the
very low noise level. Hence they are primarily used in
industrial hydraulics (presses, machines for plastics and
tools, etc.) and in vehicles which operate in an enclosed
space (electric fork-lifts, etc.).

BM TRC VT
Screw pumps
Important parameters
Displacement volume 15 to 3500 cm
3
Operating pressure to 200 bar
Range of speeds 3500 rpm


B BM PITTONG
D dng t c chnh xc gia cng, m
bo hiu sut tn tht tt.
c s dng nhng h thng du p cn p
sut cao, P=700, v lu lng ln.
(1). drive
shaft
(2). pump
elements
(3). piston
(4). cylinder
sleeve
(5). pivot
(6).
compressio
n spring
(7). suction
valve
(8). pressure
control valve
(9). housing
Radial piston pump
BM PISTON HNG TM
Radial piston pump
BM PISTON HNG TM
Radial piston pumps are used in applications involving
high pressures (operating pressures above 400 bar):
In presses, machines for processing plastic,
In clamping hydraulics for machine tools
And in many other applications, operating pressures are required of up to 700
bar.
It is only radial piston pumps which satisfactorily operate
at such high pressures, even under continuous operation.
Important parameters
Displacement volume 0.5 to 100 cm
3
Max. pressure up to 700 bar (dependent on size)
Range of speeds 1000 to 3000 rpm (dependent on size)
Bm cnh gt
Bm cnh gt m bo mt lu lng u hn, hiu
sut cao hn bm bnh rng.
c s dng nhng h thng du p p sut thp
v trung bnh.

Bm cnh gt m bo mt lu lng u hn, hiu sut
cao hn bm bnh rng. c s dng nhng h thng
du p p sut thp v trung bnh.

VANE PUMP
BM CNH GT

C
VANE PUMP
BM CNH GT
Single chamber Double chamber vane pumps
The difference between the two types is in
the form of the stator ring, which limits the
stroke movement of the vanes.
Bm cnh gt n l
khi trc quay mt
vng, n thc hin mt
chu k lm vic bao
gm mt ln ht v
mt ln nn.

Single chamber vane pumps
Phn Loi
Phn Loi
Bm cnh gt kp l
khi trc quay mt
vng, n thc hin
hai chu k lm vic
bao gm hai ln ht
v hai ln nn.
Double chamber vane pumps
Tnh lu lng:
Nu cc kch thc hnh hc c n v l [cm], s vng quay
n [vg/ph] th lu lng qua bm l:

Trong :
D ng knh stato;
B chiu rng cnh gt; b chiu su ca rnh;
e lch tm; d ng knh con ln.
iu chnh lu lng
iu chnh lu lng
Example:
A pump having a displacement of
14 cm
3
/rev is driven at 1440
rev/min and operates against a
maximum pressure of 150 bar. The
volumetric efficiency is 0.9 and the
overall efficiency is 0.8. Calculate:
1. The pump delivery in liters per
minute?
2. The input power required at the
pump shaft in kilowatts?
Pump delivery:

Q
p
= Volumetric efficiency x
displacement per revolution x
pump speed

= 0.9 x 14 x 10
-3
x 1440 (cm
3
x liter/cm
3

x rev/min)
= 18.14 l/min
Pump overall efficiency =
Power output of Pump
Power input
Power input =
Power output of Pump
overall efficiency
= Q x P (kW) x 1
600 x 0.8
= 18.14 x 150 x 1 (kW)
600 0.8
= 5.67 (kW)
THUNG CHA DAU
3.1.2
B ngun thy lc
my dp tn 175 tn
O AP SUAT BANG AP KE LO XO
3.1.4
O LU LNG BANG LC CANG LO XO
3.1.5
BNH TRCH CHA (c quy thy lc)
Nhim v
- Bnh trch cha l c cu dng trong cc h truyn dn thy lc iu
ha nng lng thng qua p sut v lu lng ca cht lng lm vic.
Bnh trch cha lm vic theo hai qu trnh: tch nng lng vo v cp
nng lng ra.
- S dng trong cc loi my rn, my p, trong cc c cu tay my v
ng dy t ngnhm gim cng sut ca bm, tng tin cy v
hiu sut s dng ca ton h thy lc.
Phn loi
Theo nguyn l to ra ti, bnh trch cha thy lc c chia thnh ba
loi:
- Bnh trch cha trng vt.
- Bnh trch cha l xo.
- Bnh trch cha thy kh.
Phn loi

Bnh trch cha trng vt
Bnh trch cha trng vt to ra
mt p sut l thuyt hon ton c
nh, nu b qua lc ma st pht
sinh ch tip xc gia c cu lm
kn v pittng v khng tnh n lc
qun tnh ca pittng chuyn dch
khi th tch bnh trch cha thay i
trong qu trnh lm vic.

Trong bnh trch cha trng vt,
p sut hu nh c nh khng ph
thuc vo v tr ca pittng.

Bnh trch cha l xo
Qu trnh tch nng lng l
qu trnh bin dng ca l xo.

Bnh trch cha l xo c qun
tnh nh hn so vi bnh trch
cha trng vt, v vy n c
s dng lm tt nhng va p
thy lc trong cc h thy lc v
gi p sut c nh trong cc c
cu kp.



Bnh trch cha thy kh
Bnh trch cha thy kh li
dng tnh cht nn c ca
kh to ra p sut cht
lng. Tnh cht ny lm cho
bnh trch cha c kh nng
gim chn.

Trong bnh trch cha l xo,
p sut thay i t l tuyn
tnh, cn trong bnh trch
cha thy kh, p sut cht
lng thay i theo nhng
nh lut thay i p sut
ca kh.


3.5
BNH TRCH CHA
1
2
3
4
5
1. Bm du
2. Van trn
3. Bnh trch cha
4. Van o chiu
5. Xy lanh


3.6
A. VAN TRAN
VAN AP SUAT
VAN TRAN IEU KHIEN GIAN TIEP CO CA
XA DAU
NG DUNG VAN TRAN
B
VAN IEU CHNH AP SUAT
NG DUNG VAN IEU CHNH AP SUAT
VAN CAN ( VAN ONG - M NOI TIEP)
C
VAN 1 CHIEU VAN IEU KHIEN XA
M
N
NG DUNG VAN IEU KHIEN XA
NG DUNG VAN IEU KHIEN XA
VAN TAC ONG KHOA LAN VA NG DUNG
O
P VAN TIET LU
Q VAN TIET LU 1 CHIEU
2 BO ON TOC
2 Van tit lu - van p sut
C cu chp hnh
2
A Xy lanh tc ng kp
2
A Xy lanh tc ng kp c gim chp
2
A Xy lanh tc ng kp c gim chn
D
ng c thy lc

Nng lng s dng trong my p nha
Hnh (9.2) c quy thy lc trong my p nha.
Nh gn trc tip c quy thy lc trong c cu truyn ng ca
my cng c lm cho du h thng t qun tnh ln v chuyn
ng vi tc cao, do h thng khi ng nhanh hn. Ngoi ra
c quy cn gip cn bng du trong h thng ny.

Ngun du ca mt my cng c.

Hot ng trong trng hp khn cp
c quy c th c
dng khi cn thng,
hm phanh ca cc
h thng nh: cp
treo, xe in, xe hi
c quy c cp du
bng bm t ng
hoc bm tay trong
cc trm bm. V
vy, c quy lun lun
d tr mt ngun
nng lng cn thit
c sn thng khn
cp.

Bi trn lin tc

Cn bng lc con ln trong my p tm kim loi
B lng du b r r