Professional Documents
Culture Documents
12/04/2012 09:33:41
tin cy cung cp in ca li in phn phi oc hiu l kh nng ca h thng cung cp y v lin tuc in nng cho h tiu thu vi cht long in
nng (in p v tn s) m bo (ng quy jnh).
A. tin cy cung cp in:
nh gi tin cy cung cp in, EVN c cc quy jnh v chi tiu sut su c (ng dy v tram bin p) trong qun l vn hnh h thng in lm co
s cho vic nh gi cht long qun l vn hnh ngun li p ng yu cu cung ng in lin tuc cho khch hng. Cu th nh sau:
- Sut su c thong qua ng dy trung th : 12 vu / 100 km.nm.
- Sut su c vnh cu ng dy trung th : 3,6 vu / 100 km.nm.
- Sut su c vnh cu TBA : 1,8 vu / 100 MBA.nm
T cc quy jnh trn buc cc on vj thnh vin phi tch cuc a ra k hoach v cc phong n ci thin cht long cung ng in trn h thng in ton
quc, ng thi c tc ng tch cuc n thc trch nhim ca i ng cn b cng nhn vin lm cng tc qun l k thut vn hnh h thng in. Tuy nhin,
vic nh gi tin cy cung cp in qua chi tiu sut su c cn mt s bt cp sau :
- Chi tiu sut su c chi cho bit s ln mt in (do su c) trung bnh ca h thng. Ta khng bit oc s ln v thi gian mt in ca khch hng, cng nh
pham vi mt in, long cng sut v in nng khng cung cp oc (do mt in); t tnh ton cc thit hai do mt in gy ra v ra cc bin php thch
hop gim s ln v thi gian mt in khch hng, cng nh gim pham vi mt in tng tin cy ca h thng.
- Vi chi tiu sut su c nu trn, ta khng thy r hiu qu kinh t em lai ca cc du n ci tao li in, lp t cc h thng tu ng phn oan su c cng
nh h thng tu ng ho li in phn phi, c bit l su cn thit phi xy dung cc mach lin lac gia cc tram ngun, cc mach vng cung cp in ...
gim thi gian mt in cng nh han ch pham vi (s h mt in, long cng sut v in nng khng cung cp oc) do su c hoc thao tc hay bo dng
th nghim jnh ky.
gii quyt vn trn, cn phi xy dung thm nhiu chi tiu cu th nh gi thuc cht tin cy cung cp in v cht long vn hnh ca li in
cng nh cng tc qun l vn hnh.
Mt s Cng ty in luc cc nc xy dung cc chi s cht long theo di tin cy vn hnh ca h thng. Cc chi s cht long ny c th dng
so snh cht long phuc vu gia cc Cng ty, gia cc on vj trong cng Cng ty hay dng so snh truc tip cht long trc v sau ci tao ca mt xut
tuyn hay ca c mt h thng.
T chc EEE (nstitute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) ca M xy dung mt s chi s nh gi tin cy cung cp in, cu th nh sau :
A.1 - Cc chi s nh gi tin cy v mt mt in ko di :
1. Chi s tn sut mt in trung bnh ca h thng (System Average nterruption Frequency ndex SAF): Chi s ny cung cp thng tin v s ln mt in
trung bnh ca mt khch hng (trong mt khu vuc) trong mt nm.
2. Chi s thi gian mt in trung bnh ca h thng (System Average nterruption Duration ndex - SAD): Chi s ny cung cp thng tin v thi gian (pht hoc
gi) mt in trung bnh ca mt khch hng (trong mt khu vuc) trong mt nm.
3. Chi s thi gian mt in trung bnh ca khch hng (Customer Average nterruption Duration ndex - CAD): Chi s ny th hin thi gian trung bnh cn
phuc hi cung cp in cho khch hng trong mt ln mt in (vnh cu).
4. Chi s tng thi gian mt in trung bnh ca khch hng (Customer Total Average nterruption Duration ndex - CTAD): i vi khch hng thuc t mt
in, chi s ny th hin tng thi gian trung bnh khch hng trong thng bo bj mt in. Chi s ny oc tnh ton nh chi s CAD, tr vic khch hng bj
mt in nhiu ln chi oc tnh mt ln.
5. Chi s tn sut mt in trung bnh ca khch hng (Customer Average nterruption Frequency ndex -CAF): Chi s ny th hin s ln mt in trung bnh
ca mt khch hng (trong mt khu vuc) trong mt nm.
6. Chi s sn sng cp in trung bnh (Average Service Availability ndex ASA): Chi s ny th hin thi gian trung bnh (thng tnh bng %) m khch hng
oc cung cp in trong vng mt nm. oc jnh ngha l ti s gia tng s gi ca khch hng oc cung cp trong nm v tng s gi khch hng yu cu
(s gi khch hng yu cu = 24gi/ ngy*365 ngy = 8760 gi ).
7. Chi s tn sut mt in trung bnh ca h thng (Average System nterruption Frequency ndex ASF) v mt phu ti : oc jnh ngha l ti s gia tng s
cng sut (kVA) bj gin oan trn tng s cng sut (KVA) oc cung cp.
y l chi s quan trong i vi cc khu vuc cp in ch yu cho cng/thong nghip. Chi s ny cng oc s dung bi cc cng ty khng c h thng theo
di khch hng.
8. Chi s thi gian trung bnh mt in ca h thng (Average System nterruption Duration ndex ASD) v mt phu ti : oc jnh ngha l ti s gia tng in
nng khng cung cp oc (do bj gin oan cung cp in) trn tng s cng sut (KVA) oc cung cp.
9. Chi s tn sut mt in trung bnh ca khch hng (Customers Experiencing Multiple nterruptions - CEMn): Chi s ny theo di s su kin (n) nhng ln
mt in i vi mt khch hng no . Muc ch l xc jnh su phin toi cho khch hng m gi trj trung bnh khng thy oc.
A.2 - Cc chi s nh gi tin cy v mt mt in thong qua
1. Chi s tn sut mt in thong qua trung bnh ca h thng (Momentary Average nterruption Frequency ndex MAF): Chi s ny cung cp thng tin v s
ln mt in thong qua trung bnh ca mt khch hng (trong mt khu vuc) trong mt nm.
2. Chi s tn sut mt in thong qua trung bnh ca h thng (Momentary Average nterruption event Frequency ndex MAFE): Chi s ny cung cp thng
tin v con s trung bnh ca cc su kin mt in thong qua ca mt khch hng (trong mt khu vuc) trong mt nm.
3. Chi s tn sut mt in (thong qua v ko di) trung bnh ca khch hng (Customers Experiencing Multiple Sustained nterruptions and Momentary
nterruptions events CEMSMn): Chi s ny theo di s su kin (n) nhng ln mt in thong qua v ko di i vi mt khch hng no . Muc ch l xc
jnh su phin toi cho khch hng m gi trj trung bnh khng thy oc.
A.3 - Mt s chi s nh gi tin cy cung cp in khc
1. Chi s khng sn sng cp in trung bnh (Average Service Unavailability ndex - ASU)
2. Chi s in nng khng cung cp (Energy Not supplied ndex - ENS)
3. Chi s in nng khng cung cp trung bnh (Average Energy Not supplied ndex - AENS)
Phn ln cc nc trn th gii ang p dung cc chi s SAF, SAD, CAF, CAD nh gi tin cy cung cp in v hin nay Vit Nam ang trin khai
p dung cc chi s SAD, SAF, MAF nh gi tin cy cung cp in.
B. Cc bin php nng cao tin cy cung cp in
nng cao tin cy cung cp in trn li phn phi, c hai gii php chnh:
Gii php lm gim su c v
Gii php lm gim thi gian mt in.
B.1 - Cc bin php Im gim s c (ngn chn s c xy ra)
1. Nng cao cht long ca thit bj vn hnh: S dung cc thit bj c cht long vn hnh tt (lu : thit bj c, vn hnh lu ngy hay thit bj mi nhng c cht
long thp vn gy ra sut h hng cao) v c tnh tu ng ha cao. Ln k hoach v tng bc thay th cc thit bj c sut h hng cao bng cc thit bj mi
v c sut h hng thp.
V du nh Tng Cng ty in luc min Trung trin khai p dung cc cch in ng loai line post v pin post thay cho cc cch in ng loai pin type (truyn
thng) c sut su c cao. Khuyn co khng s dung cc my ct (S&S), cc recloser (VR3S), cu ch tu roi . c sut su c cao.
2. Trong thit k, mua sm, lp t cn s dung cc vt t, thit bj v p dung cc gii php ph hop vi iu kin vn hnh li in nhm gim bt cc su c
c tc nhn t bn ngoi, v du nh :
- S dung dy boc cch in ngn nga cc su c do tip xc vi cc vt th khc.
- S dung cc thit bj ph hop vi mi trng vn hnh nh s dung s chng nhim mn khi cc ng dy i qua khu vuc gn bin bj nhim mn, .
- Lp t cc chng st ng dy, m phng cho cc ng dy i qua cc vng c mt st ln, sut su c do st cao.
3. Tng cng cng tc kim tra, bo dng ng dy, thit bj vn hnh trn li ngn nga su c ch quan.
- Trang bj y phong tin phuc vu cho cng tc qun l vn hnh, bo dng nh xe thang, thit bj kim tra pht nng .
- o tao nng cao kin thc v tay ngh cng tnh k lut cho nhn vin vn hnh.
- Tng bc nng cao ti l sa cha li in bng hnh thc hot-line (sa cha khi li in ang vn hnh).
B.2 - Cc bin php Im gim thi gian mt in (khoanh vng v khc phc s c nhanh)
1. Gim n mc ti thiu khu vuc mt in bng cch tng s long lp t thit bj phn oan.
2. Nhanh chng khoanh vng su c bng cch p dung cng ngh tu ng ha li in phn phi nhm tu ng phn vng su c.
3. y dung h thng mach kp (2 mach), mach vng .
4. Khc phuc su c nhanh.
- c jnh nhanh im su c bng cc thit bj chuyn dng d im su c nh thit bj chi thj su c (Fault indicator)
- Trang bj cc thit bj chuyn dng x l su c.
- Tng cng cng tc bi dng, hun luyn nhn vin vn hnh v trnh v k nng x l su c.
Phn tip theo s gioi thiu mt thit bi bao s c ng dy trn khng (Fault indicator) loai FLA3 cua hang EMG/GERMAN c kh nng xac inh ngay vng
su c, gip pht hin v x ly nhanh im s c, kt qu l gim oc thi gian mt in ca khch hng. iu ny ng ngha vi vic ci thin ng k cc chi
s SAF, SAD, CAF, CAD; nng cao cht long cung cp in ca cc cng ty in luc.
C. Thit b[ bo s c FLA3 ca hng EMG (Cng ha Lin bang c)
C.1 - Nguyn I hoat ng
Thit bj bo su c thuc cht l cc cm bin dng in. Khi dng in i qua thit bj bo su c c gi trj vot qu gi trj ci t trc (dng in v thi gian),
thit bj bo su c s tc ng v bo hiu bng n hay c gip nhn vin qun l vn hnh nhanh chng tm ra im su c.
C.2 - Pham vi p dng
Minh hoa vic s dung thit bj bo su c trn li in hnh tia
FLA3 oc dng cho ng dy trn khng.
Vi so li in nh hnh 1, su c loai FLA3 (Mt nm u nhnh r 1, hai nm sau nhnh r 2 v 3 nm u nhnh r 3). Khi c su c trn nhnh r NR3, s
xut hin dng ngn mach chay qua cc thit bj bo c 2 v 3 lm cc thit bj ny tc ng bo su c qua tn hiu n v c. Khi my ct u ngun ct ra, nhn
vin qun l vn hnh kim tra cc thit bj bo su c:
- u tin kim tra thit bj bo su c 1 nhnh r NR1, khng thy tn hiu chng t su c nm trn truc chnh pha sau nhnh r 1.
- Kim tra thit bj chi bo su c 2, thy bo tn hiu, chng t c su c pha sau n. Reset lai thit bj chi thj su c ny v kim tra tip.
- Kim tra thit bj chi thj bo su c 3 trn nhnh r NR3, thy bo tn hiu, chng t c su c trn nhnh r 3. C lp nhnh r NR3 v nghj ng lai my ct
u ngun cp in cho cc phn oan khng bj su c. Tin hnh kim tra v sa cha su c trn nhnh r NR3.
Thit bj FLA3 cn c th pht huy hiu qu cao hon nu c 2 xut tuyn i ra t mt feeder. Trong trng hop , chng ta c th gim ti 50% thi gian d tm
su c v khi , chi FLA3 trn xut tuyn c su c mi bo tn hiu, v chng ta c th c lp ngay xut tuyn v ng lai my ct u ngun ti lp cung
cp in cho xut tuyn khng bj su c.
C.3 - Nhng u im ca FLA3
1. Thit bj FLA3 s dung lp t cho ng dy trn khng vi cp (hay dy trn) c ng knh ti 38mm (Maximum 40mm). Kt cu ngm FLA3, oc thit k
chc chn, thich hop lp t vi hu ht cc loai cp trn khng, ngay c cc loai cp trn khng c chiu dy lp cch in cao nh tai li in ca in luc
thnh ph Ch Minh.
2. Thit bj FLA3 oc thit k c th lp t hay tho ra bng so thao tc ot-Line nn rt thun tin khi lp t hay tho g thay i vj tr s dung trn li
m khng phi cp in.
3. Chi thj chnh xc v tin cy, s dung on gin v hiu qu.
4. Kt cu gon nh, nhng chc chn, m bo cho vic vn hnh an ton.
5. Chi thj su c bng FLAG (mu cam) v LED (nh sng trng) nn c th d dng pht hin lc ban ngy hay ban m.
6. Cc thng s vn hnh ca FLA3 u oc ci t qua REMTE CNTRL sau khi oc lp t trn li tuy theo yu cu ca ngi s dung.
- Thi gian bo su c: 30 720min (12 gi) vi bc chinh l 30pht
- Dng hoat ng: t 40 1.500A vi bc chinh 20A
- Thi gian chju xung (qu ): 40 300ms vi bc chinh 20ms (mi-li-giy)
7. Ngi s dung c th oc kim tra hay iu chinh cc thng s vn hnh ci t ca FLA3 qua b REMTE CNTRL di t. Phn mm on gin v
thn thin vi End-User.
8. Thit bj FLA3 c th hoat ng theo thng s ci t theo yu cu ca ngi s dung hay hoat ng theo ch AUT (ch AUT: thit bj FLA3
hoat ng theo su thay i dng ti ca li).
9. Thng qua b REMTE CNTRL ngi s dung c th SELF TEST - kim tra hoat ng ca FLA3 trc v sau khi lp t trn li.
10. Thng qua b REMTE CNTRL ngi s dung c th oc oc dng in ang vn hnh trn li in m FLA3 ang treo.
V Khc Hong - Li in cao th min Trung (CGC)
Nghin cu cht long in cho li phn phi v p dung phn mm PSS/ADEPT cho l 371
Ngun: http://.kilobooks.com/threads/56914-Nghin-cu-cht-long-in-cho-li-phn-phi-v-p-dung-phn-mm-PSS-ADEPT-cho-l-371
s=211bbda06a95c485ec564c22629009c9ix1yEEihR8i
Th Vin in T .KLBKS.com
Li m u.
Chong 1: Li phn phi v cc vn chung v cht long in nng.
Chong 2: Cc chi tiu co bn nh gi cht long in nng trong li phn phi.
Chong 3: Cc phong php nh gi cht long in.
Chong 4: Cc bin php nng cao cht long in
s dung cc chong chnh MATLAB m phng
Chong 5: S dung phn mm PSS/ADEPT tnh ton cht long in p cho li in tinh ng n.
Kt lun.
( Tng 130 trang)
Ngun: http://.kilobooks.com/threads/56914-Nghin-cu-cht-long-in-cho-li-phn-phi-v-p-dung-phn-mm-PSS-ADEPT-cho-l-371
s=211bbda06a95c485ec564c22629009c9ix1yEEV3RA
Th Vin in T .KLBKS.com