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Multiple Comparisons

))Scheffe Test

()Duncans New Multiple Range Test

: .

((Post Hoc Comparisons


: ) (Scheffe Test


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2
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6


:
) (Duncans New Multiple Range Test
Waller- Duncans Bayesian k-ratio t-Test

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15

6
12


Multiple Comparisons
:(Post Hoc Comparisons))(1


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, "


) (1 . . . . .2000
.286 243 :
2


:

)Post Hoc Aposteriori
.(Comparisons

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)(

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( ,
) ( .
,
.


.
,
. )
,(Tukeys HSD Test ) ,(Newman-Keuls Test
) ,(Scheffe Test ) ,(Dunnet Test
) .(Duncans Multiple Test

:
: :Scheffe Test


, ) Pairwise
,(Comparisons .((Compound Comparisons

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)Linear
(Contrast .
)( Studentized

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:
:
)( )= (

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2MSerorr/n

)(a-1)(F

= )(S

:
:
= .
= )( )(
, ) -(.
= .
)(
)( ,

:

-
.
) (20
) (
.
:
-

2
3
4
4
3

2
3
3
2
3
4

2
2
3
2
2

2
3
2
1
2

16
54
3,2
= 50
136 =

11
25
2,20

13
35
3,60

10
22
2

)(=0,05
:
:

.

-

4,20

6,80

) (

11

1,40

3
16

3,294

3,24

0,425

19

:
= 1 = 2 =3
:

.
)(
3,294 )( . 3,24
) (= 0,05
- .
.

, :
)( )= (

)) ( \

) ) (1-2

, :

-1 )( , )(
) 3 ,(1- ,16=
0,05 3,24
-2 = 1 -
= 4-1
=3
-3 0,425
:
)2(0,425) \ 5

)(4-2) (3,24

9,72
=
= 1,29

0,17

=)

1,29
.

:
- : 1 2,60 -3,20 = 2
= 0,6
- : 1 2,20 -3,20 = 3
= 1
- : 1 2 -3,20 = 4
= 1,20
- : 2 2,20 -2,60 = 3
= 0,40
- 2 2 -2,60 = 4
= 0,60
- 3 2 -2,20 = 4
= 0,20
,
.
- .

)( .


.

:

- .
- .

:
(j)
)k-1)(1/ni +1/nj)MSerror
= j
= k

= Scheffe


:
= Scheffe
(j)
) k-1) (a1/ n1i + a2/n2 +. + ak/nk )MSerror

)( ,
. .
.
, )( :
) ()(1+) : )(1-) + (1 + (2
) + (3
) = (4
) ()(1+) : + (1) -) + (2
)(1 + (3
) = (4
) ()(1+) : + (1) + (2
) + (3
))(1- =(4
) ( :) )(1+) + (1 + (2
))(1- + (3
) = (4
) ( :) )(1+) + (1 (2
+) + (3
))(1- = (4
) ( :) + (1) (2
)(1+) + + (3
))(1- = (4
= .

:

. 27
,
) ,(8 ) ,(10
).(9

,
:



15
18
12
12
9
10
12
20
108
13,5

= 5372
= 360



17
22
5
15
12
20
14
15
20
21
161
16,10



6
9
12
11
11
8
13
14
7
91
10,11


.
:
=1 =2 3
:
.
.
) (SPSS
:

170,21

85,10

24

16,74

401,79

) (
572

* ) (= 0,05

*5,08

26


, )( ) 5,08 (24 ,2
)(= 0,05

) ( :
= Scheffe
(j)
)k-1)(1/ni +1/nj)MSerror
) (16,10 -13,5
1 = 2
)}1\8 + 1\10{16,74 (3-1
= 6,76
7,53
= 0,89
) (10,11 13,5
1 = 3
)}1\8 + 1\9 { 16,74 (3-1
= 11,4921
7,905
9

= 1,45
2 (10,11 16,10) = 3
)}1\10 +1\9{ 16,74 (3-1
35,88
=
7,068
= 5,076
,
)( )(.
)( ) (2
)( )( = 0,05 .3,40
)( 2
3 ) ,(= 0,05 )( )(
5,076 )(
,3,40
)( )( ,
)( , =
16,10 =
,10,11 .

)(
)( )(

:

2
) (
0,5

1
) (
0,5

:
10

3
) (
1-

)( =
)} (1- \1 1

) (
+ \2 + ....+ 2 \{

:
= Scheffe
(j)
) k-1) (a1/ n1i + a2/n2 +. + ak/nk )MSerror
)( = {}0,5(13,5) + 0,5(16,1)+ (-1)(10,11)
)}(0,5)\8 +(0,5)\10+ (-1)\9 {16,74 (3-1
= )(10,11 8,05 + 6,75
16,74(0,167)2
= 21,9961
5,603
3,93
=
)(
3,40 ) (= 0,05
)( )( )(

)( )( .

:
) : Duncans New Multiple Range Test)(2
(

Duncan 1955 New Multiple


Range .
Test
, ,Simplicity S-
(N-K(Student- Newman- Keuls
.Result- guided .
, Protection
level False
.
.
S-N-K
Constant .
.
Steel Robert G.D. and Torrie James H., Principles and procedures of statistics, A
Biometrical Approach. Second Ed. McGraw-Hill.PP.187-191
)(2

11

, . t
= ) ,(t = 2 means ) (
for = . 0975.
. 05. , ,:
= 05 1- (1-)
.is suggested
,:
1- (1-) = .14;.; for t means, use 1-(1-)
" ,"Rhizobium
, Studentized range S-N-K
) .(Studentized range distribution
:
:Least significant ranges Rp by
Rp= q
'= 1-(1-)
p = 2,3,., t
6

5
3.28
5.1

4
3.22
5.0

3
3.16
4.9

2
3.07
4.7

2.92
4.5

p
(qx' (P,24
Rp

,Underscores :
14.6 13.3

18.7

19.7

24.0

28.8

LSd
. p = 2
LSd S-N-K

:Waller- Duncans Bayesian k-ratio t-Test


.
. ,
,
.
: .
) Type I to type II error seriousness or error
.(weight
, k ,50:1
and 500:1 ,100:1 , , = .

12

.10, .05, and .01 t


.k = 100
F-Test.
Rhizobium F = 14.37
((Interpolation ; Fs :
10.00 25.0 .
= with q = ft = treatment df and f = fe
error df; .q = 5and f = 24 t
F =10.0 and 1.88 for F = 25.0. For 1.96
,b :
.a value given with F ; for F = 10.0, b = 1.054 and for F = 25.0,b = 1.021
b:
b = [F/ (F-1)] = (14.37/13.37) = 1.037
t )to be to 1.054- 1.88-1.96
) 1.021 as 1.96-t is to 1.054-1.037; or
t = 1.96- 1.96-1.88 (1.054-1.037)=1.92
1.054-1.021

LSD :
- LSD = tS
= mg 4.2 = 5/(11.79)2 1.92
: (lsd (.05 . 4.5mg
underscoring:
28.8

24.0

19.9

18.7

13.3 14.6

lsd Duncans new


.multiple range test .
.In this Waller-Duncan procedure

13

. .. -1
.286 243- : . .2000
2- Steel Robert G.D. and Torrie James H., Principles and procedures of
Statistics, A Biometrical Approach. Second Ed. McGraw-Hill.
PP.187-191.

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