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Barbara . Papadopoulou

AN EARLY FIFTEENTH CENTURY FUNERARY WALL-PAINTING

IN THE CHURCH OF PANAGIA PAREGORITISSA IN ARTA
J. he church of Panagia Paregoritissa is undoubtedly one of
the most important monuments of the Despotate of Epiros.
It was built in its present form by the despot Nicephoros I
Comnenos Doukas in an original architectural type which
combines the domed octagon at ground floor level and the
cross-in-square at first floor level.
The church is decorated internally with sixteenth- and
seventeenth-century frescoes (nave), which have replaced
the original marble decoration. Recently, however, earlier
frescoes in the north chapel, dating from the early fifteenth
century, have also been brought to light. The representation
that has been discovered is considerably damaged, but four
figures can still be distinguished (Figs. 1-2). An angel sur-

rounded by two secular figures is depicted at the centre. The

figure on the right has a crown and wears sumptuous clothing,
decorated with pearls and a double-headed eagle (Figs. 6-7).
He holds his hands in a gesture of prayer and attends on the
figure of the Virgin who was portrayed in the north-west
corner of the chapel. The Virgin was part of the Deesis
scene, depicted on the north wall, of which bare traces can
be distinguished. The figure on the left is simply dressed.
The representation is of great iconographie interest. The
badly damaged inscriptions identify the two secular figures
as members of the Spatas family, the Albanian rulers of Arta
during the late fourteenth-early fifteenth century. More
specifically, they represent Pavlos Spatas (left) (Figs. 4-5),

61. .. ,
, 21 (1966), , 304-305. . -, , ,
30 (1975), . 225. ,
(1414),
' (2003), 231 ..
62. ... ()()

()
...
. ,

.., 304. -, .., . 233.

63. . . -
, 13 . ,

(. 1), 179-203,
. , .. ,
, , 1997, 229-230.
,
(. 1), 56-62.

153

ruler of Naupaktos and Angelokastro (1403-1407), and

probably his father, Sgouros Spatas (right) (Figs. 6-7), who
had for a short time been despot of Arta before being forced
out by the usurper Bogois. However the figure with the
sumptuous clothes can perhaps also be identified as Gini
(John) Bua Spatas, uncle of Pavlos Spatas, an important
figure who was despot during the years 1374-1399.
According to another view, the figure on the right (Figs. 6-7)
is Mourikis Boua Spatas who had driven Bogois out of Arta.
It is not impossible that, after selling Naupaktos to the
Venetians in 1408, Pavlos Spatas moved to Arta and had the
funerary wall-painting executed in the Paregoritissa, in the

154

exact place where he wanted to be buried. The depiction of

Pavlos near his cousin would probably imply his acceptance
of Mourikis' power and, indirectly, his subjection to him.
The fresco can be dated to the early fifteenth century (the
period of the earliest wall painting of the Paregoritissa) and
is of great interest, since very few examples of painting from
this period survive in Arta. In addition it provides valuable
information on the Albanian presence in Arta, including
their manner of dress, which reflects Byzantine customs and
ideas, and resembles that of their "predecessors", the Serbs,
which had direct associations with Byzantium.