1

TRNG THPT GIA NH

P N KIM TRA CHUN B THI I HC & CAO NG
LN III. NM HC 2012 2013. MN HA HC
PHN HU C
I. Phn chung cho tt c th sinh (40 cu): (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
t chy hon ton 1 mol mt este X n chc, mch h th cn 3 mol O2. Pht biu no sau y khng ng
A. X c 2 ng phn este
B. C phn ng trng gng
C. Este X tc dng c dung dch brom
D. Thy phn este X trong mi trng kim thu c mui v anehit
CxHyO2 + ( x +

4
-1 ) O2 xCO2 +

2
H2O
1 x + 0.25y -1
1 mol 3 mol

+0.25 1
3
= 1 {
= 3
= 4

C3H4O2 HCOO-CH=CH2 c 1 ng phn Chn p n A .
Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO2 sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung
dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 25 gam kt ta. Th tch ancol 40
o
thu c l (bit ancol etylic nguyn cht c khi lng ring
0,8g/ml)
A. 35,9375ml B. 29,1 ml C. 44,367ml D. 7,098ml
(C6H10O5)n + n H2O n C6H12O6
C6H12O6 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2
0.25 0.25 (mol)
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
0.25 0.25 (mol)
n =
25
100
= 0.25 mol mancol = 11.5 gam
Vancol =
11.5
0.8
= 14.375 ml

40
= 14.375 x
100
40
= 35.9375 ml.
Cho a gam hn hp X gm 1 mol amin no mch h v 2 mol aminoaxit no mch h tc dng va vi 4 mol HCl hoc 4 mol
NaOH. t 0,15a gam hn hp X thu c 30,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Nu cho 0,15 a gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch HCl
d, khi lng mui thu c l
A. 63,225 gam B. 68,7 gam C. 48,75 gam D. 43,275 gam
{
1 ,
2 ,
tc dng {
4
4

{
2

2+4

2
2 1
2

21

a gam hn hp X c t l mol

=
1
2

0.15a gam hh X c s mol {

= 0.15

= 0.3

2
= 1.35 mol Bo ton nguyn t C : 0.15n + 0.3m = 1.35
n + 2m = 9
n
1 2 3
m
4 3.5 3
TH1
{

2
0.15

4
0.3

mmui = mamin + mamino axit + mHCl
= 46x0.15 + 133x0.3 + (0.3 +0.3)35.5 = 68.7 gam
TH2
{

10

2
0.15

4
0.3

mmui = 74x0.25 + 119x0.3 + (0.3 + 0.3)36.5 = 68.7 gam
2

t chy 17,6 gam hn hp X gm 2 hirocacbon th kh iu kin thng thu c 29,12 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Mt khc 17,6
gam hn hp X phn ng va vi 700 ml dung dch brom 1M. Cng thc phn t 2 hirocacbon l
A. C3H4 v C5H10 B. C2H4 v C4H6 C. C3H6 v C4H10 D. C3H4 v C4H8
Cng thc chung ca 2 hirocacbon:

2+22

2
=
29.12
22.4
= 1.3 mol

2
= 0.7x1 = 0.7 mol

2+22
CO2
1.3

1.3 (mol)

2+22
+

Br2

2+22

2

1.3

1.3

(mol)
mX = 17.6 =
1.3

(14 + 2 - 2

) (1)

2
= 0.7 =
1.3

(2)
T (1) v (2) {
= 3.25

= 1.75

2 hirocacbon th kh ti iu kin thng loi p n A.

= 1.75 phi c 1 hp cht c t 2 ni t tr ln loi p n C.

chn p n D gii tip
t {

4
:

8
:

Ta c h phng trnh
{
40 + 56 = 17.6
3 + 4 = 1.3
{
= 0.3
= 0.1
ng vi s mol Br2 phn ng chn p n D
Hn hp X gm ancol metylic, etylen glicol, glixerol, ancol anlylic, propan-1,2-iol. Cho 6,86 gam X tc dng vi 4,6 gam
Na. Mt khc t chy hon ton 6,86 gam X thu c 5,6 lt CO2 (ktc) v a gam H2O. a c gi tr l
A. 11.88 B. 5,94 C.9 D. 4,5
nNa =
4.6
23
= 0.2 mol
Ta c: c 1 Na s phn ng vi 1 nhm -OH
0.2 mol Na 0.2 mol OH
nO (ancol) = 0.2 mol mO = 0.2x16 = 3.2 gam

2
=
5.6
22.4
= 0.25 mol nC = 0.25 mol mC = 0.25 x 12 = 3 gam
Hn hp ancol gm ba nguyn t : C, H, O
mH = mX - mC - mO = 6.86 3 3.2 = 0.66 gam
nH = 0.66 mol

=
0.66
2
= 0.33 mol

= 0.33 x 18 = 5.94 gam

Chia 27 gam hn hp 2 anehit n chc thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
- t chy phn 1 ta thu c 15,68 lt CO2 (ktc) v 9,9 gam H2O.
- Phn 2 cho tc dng dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d c 75,6 gam Ag.
Cng thc phn t 2 anehit cho l
A. C2H4O v C3H4O B. CH2O v C3H4O C. CH2O v C4H6O D. CH2O v C5H8O
t CTTB cho hh anehit l CxHyO, s mol l a
CxHyO xCO2 +

2
H2O
a ax 0.5ay
m2 anehit trong mt phn =
27
2
= 13.5 gam = 12ax + ay + 16a (1)

2
= 0.7 mol = ax (2)

= 0.55 mol = 0.5ay (3)

T (1), (2), (3) a = nanehit = 0.25 mol
T phn 2: nAg = 0.7 mol
Nu anehit n chc (khng c HCHO)
R-CHO 2Ag
0.25 0.5 (mol)
Nhng theo nAg = 0.7 mol c HCHO
HCHO 4Ag {
+ = 0.25
4 + 2 = 0.7

3

b 4b
R-CHO 2Ag {
= 0.1
= 0.15

c 2c
mR-CHO = 13.5 0.1x30 = 10.5
MR-CHO =
10.5
0.15
= 70 C4H6O p n C.
Este X (c khi lng phn t bng 103 vC) c iu ch t mt ancol n chc v mt amino axit. Cho 16,48 gam X phn ng ht
vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c dung dch Y. Tch ancol trong Y, cho ancol i qua CuO d un nng c cht hu c
Z, ly Z thc hin phn ng trng gng thy c 69,12 gam Ag. C cn Y thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr m l
A. 17,76 B. 19,36 C. 17,12 D. 15,84
V M = 103, xt este X n chc CxHyNO2
12x + y + 46 = 103 12x + y = 57
{
= 4
= 9

Vy X l C4H9NO2
X + NaOH Mui + Ancol
0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 (mol)
nX =
16.48
103
= 0.16 mol
nNaOH = 0.2x1 = 0.2 mol
NaOH d
nancol = nX = 0.16 mol
Ancol n chc
,

Anehit n chc
0.16 0.16 (mol)
nanehit = 0.16 mol, nAg =
69.12
108
= 0.64 mol t l mol 1:4HCHO ancol CH3OH
p dng LBTKL: meste + mNaOH = mcht rn + mCH3OH mcht rn = 19.36 gam
Cho hn hp X gm 0,2 mol hexametyleniamin, 0,1 mol Glu -Ala, 0,2 mol phenyl axetat, 0,15 mol Ala- Ala- Gly, 0,1 mol
phenylamoni clorua tc dng mt lng d dung dch NaOH 1M, un nng cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton. Th tch
dung dch NaOH phn ng l
A. 1,15 lit B. 1 lit C. 1,25 lit D. 1,65 lit
H2N(CH2)6NH2 + NaOH : khng phn ng.
Glu Ala + 3NaOH
0.1 0.3 (mol)
C6H5OCOCH3 + 2NaOH
0.2 0.4 (mol)
Ala Ala Gly + 3NaOH
0.15 0.45 (mol)
C6H5NH3Cl + NaOH
0.1 0.1 (mol)
nNaOH = 0.3 + 0.4 + 0.45 + 0.1 = 1.25 mol
Vdd NaOH =
1.25
1
= 1.25 lt
II: Phn ring (10 cu): Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm 2 ankin (l cht kh iu kin thng) c t l mol 1:1 thu c 24,192 lt kh CO2
(ktc) v 12,96 gam H2O. Mt khc, m gam X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 d thu c 43,2 gam kt
ta. Hn hp X l
A. propin v but-1-in B. etin v propin C. etin v but-1-in D. etin v but-2-in

2
= 1.08 mol

= 0.72 mol
S mol ankin = 1.08 0.72 = 0.36 mol
=
1.08
0.36
= 3.
V 2 ankin iu kin thng l cht kh s C 4
{

2
C4H6 c 2 ng phn {

2

3
: 1

3

3
: 2

C2H2 + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 C2Ag2 + 2NH4NO3
4

0.18 0.18 (mol)
m = 240 x 0.18 = 43.2 g
C4H6 khng tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3
but-2-in p n D.
tchyhontonVlthimtamin no Xbngmtlngoxivatora7Vlthnhp
gmkhcacbonic,khnitvhinc(ccthtchkhvhiuocngiukin). Cht X l
A. CH6N2 B. C2H7N C. CH5N D. C2H8N2
t V lt mt amin no 7V lt hn hp (CO2 + H2O + N2)
Vy t 1 mol amin no 7 mol hn hp (CO2 + H2O + N2)
CTTQ amin no : CnH2n+2+xNx
CnH2n+2+xNx n CO2 + (
2+2+
2
) H2O +

2
N2
1 n
2+2+
2

2
(mol)
n +
2+2+
2
+

2
= 7
n =
6
2

x 1 2 3
n 2.5 2 0

C2H8N2
Cho 32,1 gam hn hp X gm CxHyCOOH, HCOOH, CxHyCOOCH3 tc dng hon ton dung dch NaHCO3 d thu c 5,6 lt
kh CO2 (ktc). Mt khc 32,1 gam hn hp X tc dng va 250 ml dung dch NaOH 2M, lm bay hi dung dch sau phn
ng thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr m l
A. 39,6 B. 44,1 C. 47,6 D. 42,7
CxHyCOOH + NaHCO3 CxHyCOONa + CO2 + H2O
HCOOH + NaHCO3 HCOONa + CO2 + H2O
T 2 phng trnh nhn hp axit=

2
=
5.6
22.4
= 0.25 mol

= 0.5 mol = nhn hp X

3
=

3

= 0.5 0.25 = 0.25 mol

CxHyCOOH + NaOH CxHyCOONa + H2O (1)
HCOOH + NaOH HCOONa + H2O (2)
CxHyCOOCH3 + NaOH CxHyCOONa + CH3OH (3)

2
( (1) (2))
= nhh axit = 0.25 mol
Bo ton khi lng ta c khi lng mui
mmui = m hh X + m NaOH -

- mancol
= 32.1 + 0.5x40 0.25x18 0.25x32
= 39.6 g
B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)
t chy hon ton mt ipeptit X c to nn t mt amino axit (no mch h trong phn t c mt nhm -NH2 v mt nhm
COOH) cn va V lt kh O2 (ktc) v thu c a mol kh N2 v b mol H2O. Biu thc lin h gia cc gi tr a, b v V l
A. V = (b-a)33,6 B. V = (b-a)66,7 C. V = (2b-3a)22,4 D. V = (2b-3a)11,2
Amino axit no : 1 nhm NH2, 1 nhm COOH c cng thc : CnH2n+1NO2
ipeptit c cng thc: C2nH4nN2O3
C2nH4nN2O3 +
63
2
O2 2nCO2 + 2nH2O + N2
a x b b a
Bo ton nguyn t O
3a + 2x = 2b + b
x =
33
2

2
=
33
2
x22.4 = 33.6(b-a)
Hn hp X gm olefin Y v hiro c t khi so vi He l 3,2. Dn X i qua bt Ni nung nng cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon
ton thu c hn hp Z c t khi so vi H2 l 8. Cng thc phn t ca Y l
A. C5H10 B. C2H4 C. C4H8 D. C3H6
t s mol hn hp X l 1 mol
Gi {

2

5

/
= 3.2

= 3.2 x 4 = 12.8
mX =

x nX = 12.8 x 1 = 12.8 g
CnH2n + H2 CnH2n+2
x x x

/
= 8

= 8 x 2 = 16
Bo ton khi lng mX = mz = 12.8 g
Phn ng hon ton m

= 16 H2 d, olefin ht tnh theo s mol olefin.

nZ =

=
12.8
16
= 0.8 mol

= 1 0.8 = 0.2 mol

2
= 0.8 mol

2
= 1.6 g
molefin = 12.8 1.6 = 11.2 g
Molefin =
11.2
0.2
= 56 C4H8.
Oxi ha anehit X n chc bng O2 (xc tc thch hp) vi hiu sut phn ng l 75% thu c hn hp Y gm axit cacboxylic
tng ng v anehit d. Trung ha axit trong hn hp Y cn 100 ml dung dch NaOH 0,75M ri c cn dung dch sau phn
ng thu c 5,1 gam cht rn khan. Nu cho hn hp Y tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d, un nng th
thu c khi lng Ag l
A. 21,6 gam B. 5,4 gam C. 10,8 gam D. 27,0 gam
R-CHO +
1
2
O2 R-COOH
0.075 0.075 (mol)
Hn hp Y gm {

RCOOH + NaOH RCOONa + H2O
0.075 0.075 0.075 (mol)
nNaOH = 0.1 x 0.75 = 0.075 mol
nRCOONa = 0.075 mol
MRCOONa =
5.1
0.075
= 68
Y gm {

H% = 75% nHCHO =
0.075
0.75
x 25% = 0.025 mol
HCOOH 2Ag
0.075 0.15 (mol)
HCHO 4Ag
0.025 0.1 (mol)
nAg = 0.15 + 0.1 = 0.25 mol mAg = 0.25 x 108 = 27 gam
PHN V C
I. Phn chung cho tt c th sinh (40 cu): (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t c cng thc R2O5. Hp cht vi hiro ca n c 17,65%H v khi lng. Cho 54 gam R2O5
vo 320 gam H2O. Nng phn trm ca dung dch thu c l
A. 16,84%
B. 8,42%
C. 19,68%
D. 20,00%
Cng thc hp cht vi H: RH3
%H = 17,65% => %R = 82,35%.
R
R
H
M %R 82,35
= = => M = 14
%H 3M 17, 65
=> nguyn t l N
2 5
N O
n = 0,5 mol => mdd sau p = 54 + 320 = 374g
1N2O5 2HNO3 =>
3
HNO
m = 0,5x2x63 = 63g=> C%dd sau phn ng = 16,84%
Ho tan 33,8 gam oleum vo nc thnh 100ml dung dch X. trung ho 50ml dung dch X, cn dng va 200ml dung dch
NaOH 2M. Phn trm khi lng ca SO3 trong oleum l
A. 76,56%
6

B. 71,01%
C. 62,02%
D. 44,94%
S mol NaOH trong 100ml dung dch = 2 x 0,2 x 2 = 0,8 mol
Oleum: H2SO4.nSO3
2
H O
(n+1)H2SO4 2(n+1)NaOH
0, 4
n 1 +
0,8 (mol)
Ta c:
oleum
oleum
oleum
m 0, 4 33,8
n = => = => n=3
M n 1 98 80n + +

=> H2SO4.3SO3 => %SO3 = 71%
Phn supephotphat trong thc t sn xut c thng ch ng vi 50% P2O5 v khi lng. Hm lng (%) ca canxi
ihirophotphat trong phn bn ny l
A. 82,39%
B. 63,50%
C. 41,2%
D. 70,04%
Gi s c 100 gam phn supephotphat

2 5 2 4 2
P O Ca(H PO )
M 142 234
m 50 m
=>
50x234
m = = 82,39g
142

=> %Ca(H2PO4)2 = 82,39%
kh hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 cn va 0,1 gam H2. Ha tan ht 3,04 gam X bng dung
dch H2SO4 c nng d th th tch kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht) thu c (ktc) l
A. 0,336 lt B. 0,448 lt C. 0,224 lt D. 0,896 lt
Xem hn hp X gm 2 nguyn t l Fe v O
Ta c: nH2 = n[O] oxit = 0,05 mol => mFe = 3,04 - 16x0,05 = 2,24g => nFe = 0,04 mol
Cho hn hp X tc dng vi H2SO4, p dng nh lut bo ton electron:
0 3
Fe Fe + 3e
0, 04 0,12
+

0 2
O + 2e O
0, 05 0,1

6 4
S + 2e S
2x x
+ +

=> 2x + 0,1 = 0,12 => x = 0,01 => V = 0,224 lt
Ha tan m gam tinh th CuSO4.5H2O vo nc c dung dch X. in phn dung dch X vi in cc tr v cng dng
in 1,93A. Nu thi gian in phn l t (s) th thu c kim loi M catot v 156,8 ml kh ti anot. Nu thi gian in phn l
2t (s) th thu c 537,6 ml kh . Bit th tch cc kh o ktc, m gam tinh th CuSO4.5H2O c gi tr l
A. 2,88 B. 5,76 C. 3,5 D. 4,5
Trong sut qu trnh in phn, anot lun thu c kh oxi (do nc in phn).
t(s): nO2 = 7.10
-3
mol => 2t(s): nO2 = 0,014 mol
Enkh 2t(s) = 0,024 mol => nH2 (catot) = 0,024 - 0,014 = 0,01 mol
Qu trnh in phn 2 in cc 2t(s):
Catot: Cu
2+
+ 2e Cu Anot: H2O 2H
+
+ 1/2O2 + 2e
0,036 0,018 0,014 0,056
2H2O + 2e 2OH
-
+ H2
0,02 0,01
7

p dng nh lut bo ton electron => mCuSO4.5H2O = 4,5g
Dung dch X cha cc ion SO3
2-
; SO4
2-
v 0,2 mol HSO3
-
; 0,2 mol Na
+
; 0,3 mol K
+
. Thm V ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 2M vo dung
dch X th thu c lng kt ta ln nht. Gi tr ti thiu ca V l
A. 625ml
B. 500ml
C. 250ml
D. 175ml
Cc ptp: HSO3
-
+ OH
-
SO3
2-
+ H2O
0,2 0,2
Ba
2+
+ SO3
2-
BaSO3
Ba
2+
+ SO4
2-
BaSO4
Sau khi cho Ba(OH)2 vo, dung dch thu c gm: Na
+
; K
+
v OH
-
d
p dng nh lut bo ton in tch =>
OH
n

d =
Na K
n + n
+ +
= 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5mol
=>
OH
n

ban u =
OH
n

p +
OH
n

d = 0,2 + 0,5 = 0,7mol

=>
2
Ba(OH)
n = 0,35mol =>
2
M(Ba(OH) )
C = 175ml
Ha tan hon ton 1,62 gam nhm trong 280 ml dung dch HNO3 1M c dung dch A v kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht).
Mt khc, cho 7,35 gam hai kim loi kim thuc hai chu k lin tip vo 500ml dung dch HCl, c dung dch B v 2,8 lt kh
H2 (ktc). Khi trn dung dch A vo dung dch B thy to thnh 1,56 gam kt ta. Nng mol/lt ca dung dch HCl dng
l
A. 0,5M B. 0,3M C. 0,4M D. 0,2M
dd A: nAl = 0,06 mol; nHNO3 = 0,28 mol
Al + 4HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
0,06 0,24 0,06 => nHNO3 d = 0,04 mol
dd B: nH2 = 0,125 mol
Trn dung dch A vo dung dch B, to kt ta Al(OH)3 (nktta = 0,02 mol)
=> dung dch B c cha OH
-
=> kim loi kim d sau khi tc dng vi HCl
M + HCl MCl + 1/2H2
Md + H2O MOH + 1/2H2
C 2 trng hp:
TH1: OH
-
ht, Al
3+
d => nOH- = 3nta + nHNO3 = 3x0,02 + 0,04 = 0,1 mol
=> nHCl = 2nH2 - nOH- = 2x0,125 - 0,1 = 0,15 mol => CM(HCl) = 0,3M
TH2: OH
-
d, Al
3+
ht => nOH- = 4nAl3+ - nta + nHNO3 = 4x0,06 - 0,02 + 0,04 = 0,26 mol > 2nH2 => loi
Hn hp kh A gm SO2 v khng kh c t l th tch l 1 : 5. Nung hn hp A vi xc tc V2O5 trong bnh kn c dung tch
khng i thu c hn hp kh B. T khi ca A so vi B l 0,93. Dn 62,496 lt hn hp kh B (ktc) qua dung dch Ba(OH)2
ly d, khi lng kt ta thu c l (xem khng kh c 20% th tch l O2 v 80% th tch l N2)
A. 67,36 gam B. 97,86 gam C. 115,22 gam D. 91,14 gam
nB = 2,79 mol =>
A B
A/ B
A
B
M n
d = = = 0,93
n
M
=> nA = 3 mol
=> nSO2(ban u) = 0,5 mol; nO2 (ban u) = 0,5 mol; nN2 (ban u) = 2 mol
8

2SO2 + O2 2SO3 => nO2(phn ng) = nA - nB = 3 - 2,79 = 0,21 mol
B 0,5 0,5 0
P 0,42 0,21 0,42
Sau P 0,08 0,29 0,42
=> mta = mBaSO3 + mBaSO4 = 217nSO2 + 233nSO3 = 115,22g
Ho tan 10,82 gam tinh th mui clorua ngm nc ca kim loi A vo nc, c dung dch X. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch
NH3 va , thu c kt ta Y, nung Y nhit cao n khi lng khng i, thu c 3,2 gam oxit. Mt khc, cho X tc
dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d, thu c 17,22 gam kt ta trng. S phn t nc c trong tinh th trn l
A. 2
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
nAgCl = 0,12 mol =
Cl
n

=> nO(oxit) = 0,06 mol

Nu trong oxit, kim loi c ho tr 1 hoc 2 => cng thc oxit: A2O hoc AO
=> noxit = nO = 0,06 => MA = 37,33 (loi)
=> kim loi c ho tr 3 => cng thc oxit: A2O3 => noxit =
O
n
3
= 0,02 mol => MA=160 => Fe
=> MA=160 => Fe => nFe = 2
2 3
Fe O
n = 0,04 mol =
3
FeCl
n
trong tinh th = ntinh th
3 2
FeCl .nH O
=> Mtinh th
3 2
FeCl .nH O= 10,82 : 0,04 = 270,5 => n = 6
Nung m(g) hn hp X gm ZnO, Fe2O3 v MO vi cacbon trong iu kin khng c khng kh thu c 4,48 lt (ktc) hn hp
kh Y gm CO, CO2 v 12,51gam cht rn Z gm 3 kim loi. Bit hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi heli l 8,4 v trong hn hp X
c nZnO:nFe2O3:nMO = 1:2:2. % khi lng MO trong hn hp l
A. 28,52%
B. 57,04%
C. 39,93%
D. 14,44%
Ta c hpt:
2
2
2
CO CO
CO
CO
CO CO
n + n = 0,2
n 0,13 mol
=>
n 0, 07 mol
28n + 44n = 0,2x4x8, 4

=


=

=> nO(X) =
CO
n + 2
2
CO
n = 0,27 mol
=> mX = mZ + 16nO(X) = 12,51 + 16 x 0,27 = 16,83g
Gi x l s mol ZnO => s mol Fe2O3 v MO u l 2x
=>EnO = x + 6x + 2x = 27 => x = 0,03 mol
=> mZnO = 2,43g; mFe2O3 = 9,6g; mMO = 16,83 - 2,43 - 9,6 = 4,8g
=> %MO = 28,52%
II: Phn ring (10 cu): Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
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Cho t t 450ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 500ml dung dch X gm Na2CO3 v NaHCO3 th thu c 5,6 lt kh (ktc) v dung
dch Y. Cho dung dch Y tc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d th thu c 19,7 gam kt ta. Nng mol ca Na2CO3 v
NaHCO3 trong dung dch X ln lt l
A. 0,2M v 0,15M.
B. 0,2M v 0,3M.
C. 0,3M v 0,4M.
D. 0,4M v 0,3M.
nHCl = 0,45 mol; n ktta = 0,1 mol; nCO2 = 0,25 mol
H
+
+ CO3
2-
HCO3
-
(1)
0,2 0,2 0,2
H
+
+ HCO3
-
CO2 + H2O (2)
0,25 0,25 0,25
OH
-
+ HCO3
-
CO3
2-
+ H2O (3)
0,1 0,1
Ba
2+
+ CO3
2-
BaCO3 (4)
0,1 0,1
=>EnHCO3- = nHCO3- (2) + nHCO3- (3) = 0,35 mol
nH+(1) = EnH+ - nH+(2) = 0,45 - 0,25 = 0,2 mol
=>

2
3
3 3 3
CO (ban dau)
HCO (ban dau) HCO HCO (1)
n = 0,2 mol
n = n - n = 0,15 mol
=>

2
3
3
M(CO )
M(HCO )
C = 0,4 M
C = 0,3 M

Cho 18,5 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Fe3O4 tc dng vi 200ml dung dch HNO3 long un nng v khuy u. Sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton, c 2,24 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, o ktc), dung dch Y v cn li 1,46 gam kim loi. Nng
mol ca dung dch HNO3 l
A. 2,7M
B. 3,2M
C. 1,6M
D. 1,35M
Sau phn ng, kim loi cn d => mui to thnh l mui Fe
2+
; nNO = 0,1 mol
Xem hn hp tan trong axit gm Fe (x mol) v O (y mol) => 56x + 16y = 18,5 - 1,46 = 17,04g (1)
0 2
Fe Fe + 2e
x 2x
+

0 2
O + 2e O
y 2y

5 2
N + 3e N
0,3 0,1
+ +

=> 2x - 2y = 0,3 (2)

10

(1) v (2) => x = 0,27 mol; y = 0,12 mol
=> nHNO3 = nNO3-(mui) + nNO = 2nFe + nNO = 0,27 x 2 + 0,1 = 0,64 mol
=> CM (HNO3) = 3,2(M)
B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)
Cho 5,92 gam hn hp X gm FeS2, FeS, Fe tan hon ton trong 300 ml dung dch HNO3 2M c 4,928 lt kh ch c NO (
ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y vo mt lng d dung dch NaOH 1M. Th tch dung dch NaOH
tc dng hon ton dung dch Y l
A. 0,18 lt B. 0,54 lt C. 0,38 lit D. 0,46 lt
[<Br>]
nHNO3 = 0,6 mol; nNO = 0,22 mol
Xem hn hp X gm 2 nguyn t Fe (a mol) v S (b mol) => 56a + 16b = 5,92g (1)
do hn hp tan hon ton nn
0 3
Fe Fe + 3e
a 3a
+

5 2
N + 3e N
0,66 0,22
+ +

0 6
S S + 6e
b 6b
+

=> 3a + 6b = 0,66 (2)

(1) v (2) => a = 0,06 mol; b = 0,08 mol
nH+(d) = nHNO3(ban u) - nHNO3(phn ng) + nH+(H2SO4) = 0,6 - (nNO + 3nFe3+) + 2ns
= 0,6 - (0,22 + 3x0.06) + 2x0,08 = 0,36 mol
=> nNaOH(phn ng) = nH+(d) + 3nFe3+ = 0,36 + 0,06x3 = 0,54 mol => VNaOH = 0,54 lt
Nhit phn hon ton m gam Cu(NO3)2 thu c cht rn X v hn hp kh Y. Hp th hon ton kh Y vo nc d, thu c
200ml dung dch c pH = 1. Khi lng Cu(NO3)2 em nhit phn l
A. 1,88 gam
B. 2,8 gam
C. 9,4 gam
D. 3,76 gam
Cu(NO3)2 CuO + 2NO2 + O2
0,01 0,02
2NO2 + O2 + H2O 2HNO3 (NO2 v O2 u ht khi cho hn hp vo nc)
0,02 0,02
dung dch HNO3 thu c c nH+ = 0,1x0,2 = 0,02 mol
=> m Cu(NO3)2 = 1,88g


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