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3G Basics in Arabic /1
3G Basics in Arabic /1
Telecommunications
Technique
UMTS
Eng.Waleed Elsafoury
Explained by:
Eng.Hazem Ahmed Mohamed
....................
UMTS .
.
/ UMTS
..........
Exp aline d b y:
Eng :Haze m Ahme d Mohame d
Revie w
Course Outline
Overview & GSM Review
CDMA Fundamentals
UMTS Evolution & Air interface
UMTS Network
UMTS Signal Processing
UMTS Protocols
.
. GSM
. UMTS
bands UMTS .
network UMTS elements
. GSM
. BTS
.
introduction 3G .
3G . Systems
3G System CDMA2000 System
MTT .
3G System GSM
System . W-CDMA
CDMA . W-CDMA
W-CDMA TDMA/FDMA
2G .
users services .
VOICE
CAPACITY
SPEED
REDUCED DELAY
SERVICES
More security
Security
3G DATA
GPRS . EDGE 3G 6
.
1-VOICE:
quality .
GSM . Co-
Channel interference background noise .
2-CAPACITY:
users . .
users
services . GSM
capacity limit
capacity band .
3-SPEED:
data bitrate
EDGE . 553kb/sec services
YOUTUBE GAMES
UMTS 2Mb/sec
.
4-REDUCED DELAY:
delay . signaling
quicker response .
Services game online chatting .
5-SERVICES:
services operator
services . users
6-SECURITY:
GSM security . security
.
-1 TMSI IMSI real Identity
registration attack .
-2 IMEI CHECK
.
-3 SIPHERING data air software
.GSM
-4 Authentication sim card original one
way user Authorized user
Authorized VODAFONE
MOBINILE opening BTS cell
BSC band .
security security :
-5 FREQUENCY HOPPING fading
data frequency .. sequence
sequence PN sequence course
.
data interleaving - 6
. data
reduced delay 3G
.
Access
Teq.
System/service
Data rate
Modulation
Carrier BW
1G
FDMA
AMPS-NMT
FM
30Khz
TDMA
GSM
9.6Kbps
GMSK
200Khz
CDMA
IS-95
12.2Kbps
QPSK
1.23Mhz
TDMA
GPRS
171Kbps
GMSK
200Khz
CDMA
CDMA2000-1X
144Kbps
QPSK
1.23Mhz
TDMA
EDGE
553Kbps
8PSK
200Khz
W-CDMA
UMTS
2Mbps
QPSK
5Mhz
CDMA
CDMA2000
(EVDO-EVDV)
14.7Mbps
16QAM
3x1.23Mhz
3.5G
W-CDMA
HSDPA
DL: 14.4Mbps
16QAM
5Mhz
3.75G
W-CDMA
HSUPA
UL: 5.8Mbps
16QAM
5Mhz
3.9G
OFDMA &
SCFDMA
LTE
DL: 100Mbps
UL: 50Mbps
64QAM
20Mhz
2G
2.5G
2.75G
3G
2G 1G systems table
3G
max data rate .
. BW techniques
. systems
-1 1G voice data
. FDMA TECHNIQUE
-2 GSM . 2G
technique TDMA system
IS-95 system CDMA data rate
performance users GSM 72% IS-95
0.6% . GSM
IS-95 3 technique GSM
ETSI IS-95
QUALOMM system
. system
. 27.4% systems
3G systems .
systems GSM GPRS EDGE
IS-95 CDMA2000-1X
. datarate
-3 3G EDGE UMTS CDMA2000-1X
CDMA2000 System Multicarrier user
carrier carrier.
UMTS HSDPA HSUPA uplink
. downlink
GSM
CDMA-one
HSCSD
CDMA 2000
GPRS
EV-DO
1X
EV-DV
EDGE
UMTS
HSDPA
HSUPA
GSM
.UMTS
: GSM
-1 BTS cell .
-2 sectorization . CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE
-3 cells cluster 7Cells band .
-4 power control optional BS .
-5 call BS . max power
-6 MS connect 2BS .
-7 GSM . TDMA technique
CDMA
.
Multiple Access
Different multiple access methods use different strategies to:
-3 channel
.
FDMA 1G band
carriers carriers users
.
access technique
GSM band 890 960 capasity
band 1G 880 960 Extended GSM
capacity band 1710 1880
) GSM(DCS . saturation
users band bands
systems . services .
. BW efficiency band
channels band 1000
carrier 2000 3000 .
NO More necessary
CDMA BW capacity .
.. .
GSM UMTS .
B1
Y1
B1
Bt
B2
Y2
B2
: frequency hopping
. slow frequency hopping-1
. fast frequency hopping -2
:
system system
fast . slow . bit rate
hop rate < bit rate hop bit . slow
. bit rate
: Time hopping -3
4 time slot TDMA
. 6 3 timeslot
. 6 2 time slot , frame
capacity security
No of users = no of time slots
. security capacity direct sequence CDMA
: CDMA
-1 capacity time frequency
codes .
-2 cell .
-3 security code PN sequence
. user
-4 call quality .
spreading
between
difference
Consider the
scrambling:
Code
10010100001010101010
Code
00010100001010101000
Not Data
Data
data X code .
5bit code data . 00010
code 00010 data .
data b.c=y data
y.c=b b.c.c=b c2=1 c=1
code 1 0 1 -1 polar
.data
0 1 1 -1
1 0 multiplication XOR
XOR .
multiplication
probability of error .
Chip
processing gain
time domain spreading factor
: frequency domain
: Prcessing gain -1
: spreading siganl BW
convolved Fc BW code Fb BW signal
. Fc / Fb processing gain BW
processing gain system design
. carrier users interference
: Spreading gain -2
time domain : Rc / Rb
Rc= 1/Tc Rb =1/Tb . Rc / Rb = Tb / Tc
3 :
-1 security code
.
C5
C1
C2
C1
C3
C4
0 0
0 0
0 0
orthogonal
dot product . 0
correlation .
XOR 1111111111
2codes 100% orthogonal 0% . correlated
0000000000 2codes 100%
. correlated
2codes 100% orthogonal
system ... codes orthogonally
50% . correlated
orthogonal
. correlated
Signal Correlation
: signal correlation
: Autocorrelation -1
2siganl shift .
: Cross-correlation -2
2signal .
PN Codes
A binary sequence with fixed length and has noise-like
randomness
Low correlation between shifted versions of the sequence
Low correlation with other user signals (interference) and
noise
Good synchronization properties
Quick Review
the mile. Assuming that a mobile is ten miles away from the base
station, a 50 microsecond (s) delay would be the result.
192
spreading signal :
-1 . code
-2 synchronize code .
synchronize
BS Mobile
code . signal traveling time mobile
BS 10miles 50sec
chip 260.4nsec signal
. 192 chip .
code BS delay .
2codes 0 shift
. 1 average . synchronize
multi-user downlink
.BS
user data code
. orthogonal spreading ). y(t
) y(t carrier antenna
users . ferquency
users signal modulation
delay user code data
.
.
Mobile A
: user
Mobile B
Mobile C
b1(t)
b2(t)
b3(t)
C1(t)
C2(t)
C3(t)
Y1(t)
Y2(t)
Y3(t)
Y ). y(t
) y(t .
code user data .
. C3
data user .
data user interference . users
data bit area
positive negative positive . negative
System Performance
Traditional Systems Performance is measured by signalto-noise ratio (S/N). The desired user's signal versus
noise.
CDMA Systems Performance is measured by signal-tointerference ratio (S/I). The desired user's signal
versus interference from other users signals.
System Performance
.
3 users recover user A code
dispreading spread user A
. interference
interference 5 9 interference .
users carrier interference
limit users .
limit 6dB . signal to interference
ratio . S/I=6dB
Frequency Reuse
... delay
chip .
path shift .
2 paths shift 5 chip shift 5.25 chip
synchronize synchronize
recover 2paths .
. RAKE receiver
chip 8 average
finger .
paths paths
path 5 chip 8 13 ....
unit .
... 3 paths
power receiver transmitter
power power ...
interference . carrier
... 3 paths 7 chip 9.2 chip
. 14 chip
finger paths finger recover 2paths
recover 9 recover 0.2 error
... ... path
bits ... fingers
. error correction and detection
1 -1 1
1
1 -1
1
-1 -1
1 -1 .
fingers error .
... 2 fingers ... 3
... 0 finger
path . line of side
fingers 3 .
. CH1