The Fundamentals of Gas and LNG Projects and Management

The University of New South Wales

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2007 1

( 36) 2 ( 28) 3 ( 24) Hydro/
4 ( 12)

LNG
7 2548 14 2558
LNG
(NG) (LNG)
(NG)

(Calorific Value)
=
8400 10000 kcal/Nm3
950 1120 Btu/ft3
35 42 MJ/ Nm3
(Specific Gravity) =
0.58 - 0.64
Wobbe Index
=
1300 Btu/ ft3
50 MJ/ Nm3

(N2) (CO2)
(H2S)
=
5 14%

 (LNG)

-
- 0.47 g/ml
- -161.5 0C ()
-
(NG) (LNG)
:
MMSCF (million standard cubic feet)
BCM (billion normal cubic metres)
: MMSCF/D (million standard cubic feet per day)
: tonne
: MMBTU (million standard British thermal unit) joules
(LNG)
(LNG)
(Integrated Project)

(Construction time) (LNG)
3
(LNG)

1.4

4-6

(Liquefaction plant )
(Storage) (Jetty)
0.71.1

LNG ( 7 )
1.7

(Receiving terminal)
0.7-1.1

11 + 3

 (LNG)
(LNG) 2
1. membrane
2. moss rosenberg

LNG
(Short Jetty) (parallel berth)
(Safety)
(LNG Storage Safety)

(LNG)

(LNG Shipping Safety)

(-160 )
2

(LNG)
(LNG)
- LNG
-
-
-

(LNG)

 (LNG)
1969 (2512) (LNG) (Fix Pricing)
1973 (2516) (LNG)

1986 (2529) (LNG) ( S-Curve)

1996 (2539)
(LNG)
2006 (2549)

3
1. Henry Hub
2.
3.
Henry Hub
(LPG) (LNG)

(LPG) Spot
(LPG) LPG
(LPG)
LPG price = (contract price) + (transport) + (handling)
(LNG) spot
(LNG)

(LNG)

- (LNG)

- (LNG)
- (LNG)

- (LNG)


- (LNG)

- / 9 (Receiving Terminal) 27
- (LNG) 25 - 55
-
-

- 2

- / 2 (Kogas + POSCO) (Receiving Terminal)

4
-
-
- 4

- / 2 (Petronas Shell) (Receiving Terminal)

2 1
-
-
- 4

- / 21 (CPC --> monopoly) (Receiving

Terminal) 1 1
-
-
- 4


- / 1 (CNOOC) Petrochina Sinopec
(Receiving Terminal) 2
-
-
- 6
(LNG)

(LNG Supply Chain)

Exploration & Production

Liquefaction

Shipping

Regasification & Storage

(LNG)
(LNG)

- train vessel Liquefaction

- cooling curve
-
(Contract Terms)
- FOB