1.

1 Tng quan v J2EE

1.1.1 J2EE l g
Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition vit tt l J2EE, nh ngha mt chun pht
trin nhng ng dngthng mi a tng (multitier enterprise applications). J2EE
platform cha ng nhng tnh nng tt ca Java 2 Platform nh "vit mt ln, chy
mi ni", JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) truy cp c s d liu, CORBA kt hp
vi nhng ti nguyn cc xy dng trn nn tng l Java 2 Platform, J2EE m
rng h tr cho nhiu cng ngh mi nh Enterprise JavaBeans, Java Servlets,
JavaServer Pages v XML.
1.1.2 Kin trc ca J2EE
J2EE nn tng s dng mt m hnh ng dng phn tn a tng.


n Error! No text of specified style in document.-1 M n a tng ca J2EE
Trong m hnh ng dng J2EE c nhiu tng: Tng khch hng (client tier), tng
web (web tier),tng thng mi(business tier)v tng h thng thng tin thng
mi (enterprise information system tier). Tng thng mi v tng web nm trn
mt my ch ng dng gi l my ch ng dng (application server) hay my ch
J2EE (J2EE server).My ch J2EE cung cp nhng dch v cn thit cho nhng
thnh phn (component) ca tng thng mi v tng web.

C hai loi khch hng (client) l: Nhng khch hng ng dng
(application clients) v nhng khch hng web (web client). Khch hng web truy
cp ti nhng thnh phn trong tng web l cc lp Java Servlet hay Java
ServerPages.Nhng khch hng ng dng l nhng ng dng c lp, chng truy
cp trc tip ti cc thnh phn trong tng thng mi.


n Error! No text of specified style in document.-2 Containers v Components
J2EE c cc loi container nh :
- Web Container : Qun l s thc thi ca cc thnh phn web, v container
ca chng chy trong my ch J2EE (J2EE server).
- EJB Container : Qun l s thc thi ca cc thnh phn EJB, cc thnh
phn EJB v container ca chng chy trong J2EE server.
- Application client Container : Qun l s thc thi cc thnh phn ca ng
dng client.
- Applet Container : Qun l s thc thi ca applets(ng dng k sinh).
Cc cng ngh trong J2EE :
1) Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) API: JDBC l mt tp hp cc giao din cho
php cc ng dng Java truy cp vo c s d liu bt k. API ny c cng mt
mc ch nh ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) Microsoft.
2) Remote Method Invocation (RMI): RMI l mt API cho php cc i tng Java
giao tip t xa vi cc i tng khc.
3) Java IDL: IDL (Interface Definition Language) l mt ngn ng nn tng tiu
chun khai bo c lp c s dng xc nh cc giao din i tng trin
khai cung cp v i tng khch hng gi. Java IDL cho php bt k i tng
Java giao tip vi cc i tng khc trong ngn ng bt k bng phng tin
ca IDL.
4) Enterprise Java Beans: ng gi cc logic thng mi (business logic) v h tr
thc hin giao tc v bo mt.
5) Servlets v Java Server Pages (JSP): Cng ngh dng trong xy dng nhng ng
dng web.
6) Java Message Service (JMS): Tp APIs cho php ng dng to, gi, nhn, v c
thng ip bt ng b.
7) Java Transaction API (JTA): JTA cho php nhng ng dng J2EE thc hin
nhng giao tc phn tn (distibuted transaction).
8) JavaMail: Cho php thnh phn java gi v nhn mail.
9) Java API cho x l XML (Java API for XML Processing -JAXP): XML l mt
nh dng d liu cho cc ti liu thay th cu trc trn Web. JAXP cho php cc
ng dng Java phn tch v chuyn i ti liu XML. XML c s dng nhiu
trong J2EE nh l mt nh dng d liu.
10) Java Naming v Directory Interface (JNDI): JNDI l mt giao thc cung cp mt
tp API chun cho php truy cp ti nhng dch v naming v directory.
11) Java Persistence API (JPA) : Cho php nh x gia mt lp java vi cc ct trong
mt bng.
1.2 Enterprise J ava Bean
1.2.1 Enterprise Java Bean l g?
EJBs l cc thnh phn cng ngh pha my ch dng ng gi lp logic
nghip v (business logic) v h tr mnh vic thc hin cc giao tc v bo mt. EJB
cng c mt tch hp mt ngn xp cho messaging, scheduling, remote access, web
service endpoints (SOAP and REST), dependency injection, component life cycle,..vv.
Ngoi ra, EJBs cn kt hp vi cc cng ngh khc ca Java SE v Java EE nh JDBC,
JavaMail, JPA, Java Transaction API (JTA), Java Messaging Service (JMS), Java
Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS), Java Naming and Directory
Interface (JNDI), and Remote Method Invocation (RMI).
Ngy nay EJBs l mt cch n gin cho cc vic pht trin cc m hnh lp
trnh Java pha my ch, gim phc tp trong khi mang li kh nng ti s dng v
kh nng m rng ti cc ng dng thng mi quan trng. Tt c nhng iu t c
ny u xut pht t mt lp java nguyn thy(Plain old Java Object-POJO) s c
trin khai vo mt thng cha (container).
Cc loi EJB:

Session bean dng ng gi logic nghip v (business logic) cp cao v
l phn quan trng nht ca cng ngh EJB. Cc loi session bean:
- Stateless: Session bean khng cha trng thi giao tip gia cc phng
thc v bt k th hin (instance) no ca n c th c s dng cho bt
k khch hng no.
- Stateful: Session bean c cha trng thi giao tip vi khch hng (client)
trong sut phin lm vic (session).
Message-driven beans (MDBs): c s dng lin kt cc h thng bn
ngoi bng vic nhn cc thng ip bt ng b s dng JMS (Java Message
Service). MDBs ch yu c s dng tch hp cc h thng thng ip hng
thnh phn gia (message-oriented middleware - MOM).
Entity Bean: Nhng thc th bean kt ni vi c s d liu thng qua nh
x gia mt lp java v mt ct trong mt bng trong c s d liu .
1.2.2 Nng c im to nn t mn ca Enterprise Java Bean
EJB l mt thnh phn pha my ch v cn c thc thi trong mt thng cha
(container). Mi trng thc thi ny cung cp cc tnh nng ct yu cho nhiu ng
dng thng mi nh:
- Remote client communication: Cc EJBs s dng giao thc RMI Remote
Method Invocation giao tip gia client v cc lp bean. V vy EJB c
th c triu gi t nhiu my ch khc nhau, phc v cho nhiu loi
client (Desktop Application, Web Application). Rt hu ch khi kt hp
vi cc tnh nng khc xy dng nn mt kin trc phn tn a tng hot
ng mt cch n nh.
- Dependency injection: Ph thuc tim, cho php bean d dng truy cp ti
nhng ti nguyn khc.
- State management: Cho php cc stateful session bean qun l trng thi
giao tip vi tng client ring bit trong mt phin lm vic.
- Pooling: H cha, cho php qun l cc th hin bean ang sn sng
thc hin cc yu cu t pha client.
- Component life cycle: Cho php Container thng bo cho bean bit khi
chuyn t trng thi ny sang trng thi khc.
- Messaging: H thng qun l cc thao tc gi v nhn cc thng ip bt
ng b s dng JMS API.
- Transaction management:Qun l vic thc thi cc giao tc, m bo cc
giao tc thc hin mt cch an ton.
- Security: Bo mt cho cc phng thc, lp bean. S dng chng thc
JAAS, cho php phn quyn truy cp trn phng thc hoc lp bean da
vo vai tr ca client.
- Concurrency support: H tr gii quyt khi c nhiu yu cu ti nguyn
pht sinh cng mt thi im. m bo d liu c ton vn v nht qun
- Interceptors: S chn ng li triu gi mt phng thc, cho php cung
cp cc dch v chng thc, kim tra, trc khi phng thc c triu
gi.