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=)@?1%$& If tiisecteu, which piece of a planaiian will iegeneiate fiist.

AB=@8A%2>2& If tiisecteu, then the 4'/,C4DC will iegeneiate fiist.

8A%@)B&

Planaiia aie flat woims that iepiouuce sexually. They aie 6,CE(F6CD.4/,G
so each planaiian contains both ovaiies anu testicles so eithei the ovaiies oi
testicles fiom one planaiian will combine with anothei planaiian making a new
planaiian. 0i in simplei woius, they exchange HD'(.G thiough theii genital poie to
feitilize each othei's eggs. Planaiia come togethei anu exchange speim anu egg
when conuitions aie iueal.

When conuitions aie less then iueal, planaiia aie able to iepiouuce asexually.
0ne way planaiia iepiouuce asexually is by tail uiopping. When a planaiian's tail
uiops, the heau will keep swimming while the tail giasps onto something else anu is
left behinu. If eveiything enus up coiiectly, the heau will bieak off anu you will have
a heau anu a tail. Each piece will giow a whole new bouy with all of the new paits.
0sually, this piocess will iesult in stunteu animals, oi "uwaifs". 0nce eveiy step is
complete anu uone coiiectly, the two new woims will be H,',/43(--I 4.,'/43(- to
each othei anu now the new planaiian can iepeat the cycle.


Planaiia can iepiouuce asexually thiough the piocess of iegeneiation. Su%
of a planaiian's bouy is maue up of ',DJ-(G/GK which aie G/,E 3,--G. Neoblasts aie
/D/4FD/,'/ which means they have the ability to become any cell in the bouy. When
the planaiia's /(4- .CDFG, the neoblasts migiate to the wounus of the FD-(C4/IK this is
an example of J-(G/,E(. The wounus then giow new tissue anu the planaiia
eventually giows new bouy paits to make a whole new planaiia. I hypothesizeu that
the inteiioi of the planaiia woulu iegeneiate the fastest because it alieauy has some
of the main things insiue of it such as the ocelli anu uoisal, so the inteiioi woulun't
take as long to iegeneiate.


Runnfeldt, Anna Sunday, May 11, 2014 8:14:51 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:f5:f1


0@"01L2>@"&

In this lab we tiisecteu planaiia. I hypothesizeu that the inteiioi (heau) of my
planaiian woulu iegeneiate the fastest because the inteiioi alieauy has some of the
main things insiue of it such as the ocelli anu uoisal, so the inteiioi woulun't take as
long to iegeneiate. Ny uata shows the piogiess uay by uay of which my planaiian
iegeneiateu. The biggest change that occuiieu to my planaiian was between uays
foui anu seven. 0n uay foui, theie was baiely any pigmentation yet on any of the
pieces, theie weie still ghost cells coming out of all of them, anu none of the pieces
hau begun iegeneiating new paits. All thiee fiagments weie still pietty much the
same as eveiyuay befoie. 0n uay seven, theie was a uiamatic change in all of them,
but especially the inteiioi. The inteiioi was almost fully pigmenteu, theie weie no
moie ghost cells coming out, anu it was even staiting to giow a miu section. The miu
section was impioving but it wasn't as uiamatic of a change as the inteiioi. It was
moie pigmenteu but not fully anu hau few ghost cells iemaining. The posteiioi hau
only a tiny bit of ghost cells iemaining but was also staiting to giow a miu section. In
the seventh giaue, S7% of planaiia iegeneiateu an inteiioi fiist, 49% of planaiia
iegeneiateu a miu section fiist, anu 14% iegeneiateu a posteiioi fiist. In my class,
4S% of planaiia iegeneiateu an inteiioi fiist, Su% iegeneiateu a miu section fiist,
anu 7% iegeneiateu a posteiioi fiist. Ny class compaieu to the whole seventh giaue
iegeneiateu 6% moie inteiiois fiist, 1% moie miu sections fiist, anu 7% less
posteiiois fiist. In conclusion, planaiia will iegeneiate when tiisecteu anu in my
case, the inteiioi will iegeneiate fiist.






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Runnfeldt, Anna Sunday, May 11, 2014 8:14:51 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:f5:f1
#"#1B2>2&
With the final iesults of the lab, I believe my iesults weie some-what but not
entiiely valiu. Ny planaiian's anteiioi piece iegeneiateu the fastest, which was what
I hypothesizeu. So, in that way, it was valiu but compaieu to the iest of the 7
th
giaue,
we weien't entiiely aligneu. In the 7
th
giaue, S7% of the planaiia iegeneiateu theii
inteiioi piece the fastest, which is seconu behinu the miu section which 49% of the
planaiia iegeneiateu theii miu section the fastest. I believe this expeiiment was a
little tiicky to contiol saying we only have science foui uays a week so we uon't get
to see the piogiession of oui planaiia uay by uay. Foi example, the biggest change
my planaiia went thiough was between uays foui anu seven, which I believe was
because that was the longest I uiun't see it between all the uays. If I woulu have been
able to see it uay by uay, the change woulun't have seemeu so uiamatic. I uon't know
if this is tiue oi not but it seems to me that the way you cut the planaiia coulu have
an impact on which piece iegeneiates the fastest. Foi example, say you acciuently
cut the posteiioi way too small; the planaiia woulu then have auuitional tissue to
iegeneiate; theiefoie the anteiioi woulu take longei to iegeneiate making false
uata. I believe that coulu be one of the ieasons why the iesults weie vaiieu between
which piece iegeneiateu the fastest of the thiee.
Theie aie many uiffeiences in function compaiing neoblasts in planaiia with
human stem cells but theie aie many similaiities as well. Some uiffeiences in
function compaiing neoblasts with human stem cells woulu be that neoblasts aie
able to make a planaiian iegeneiate completely because of it's totipotency while
human stem cells aie only multipotent. The woiu totipotent means to be capable of
giving iise to any cell type oi complete embiyo. The woiu multipotent means to be
able to give iise to othei types of cells but is limiteu in its ability to uiffeientiate. In
planaiia, the neoblasts migiate to the wounu, anu then they iegeneiate ghost cells.
Theie aie also many similaiities in function compaiing neoblasts in planaiia with
human stem cells. 0ne similaiity in function compaiing neoblasts with human stem
cells woulu be that planaiia anu humans can both iegeneiate, although theie is
quite a uiffeience on how well they iegeneiate. Foi example, a human cannot
iegeneiate bouy paits but can iegeneiate things such as fingeinails wheie planaiia
can iegeneiate theii entiie bouies.
Now, theie is less contioveisy ovei stem cell ieseaich foi many ieasons. Fiist
being, uiffeient places aie staiting to make laws against making embiyos but they
aie still alloweu to use the leftoveis fiom othei embiyos that they uiu not cieate.
The contioveisy is centeieu on the moial implications of uestioying human
embiyos, which political leaueis began to uebate ovei how to iegulate anu funu
ieseaich involving human embiyonic stem cells. Both human embiyonic stem cells
anu inuuceu pluiipotent stem cells aie pluiipotent: they can become any type of cell
in the bouy. While hES cells aie isolateu fiom an embiyo, IPS cells can be maue fiom
auult cells. IPS anu STAP cells aie not exactly the same as hES cells, but hES cells can
still pioviue impoitant contiols. Anothei consiueiation is that IPS anu STAP cells
have the potential to uevelop into a human embiyo, which can piouuce a clone of
the uonoi. Nany places aie alieauy piepaieu foi this, planning on banning human
cloning.

Runnfeldt, Anna Sunday, May 11, 2014 8:14:51 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:f5:f1














































Runnfeldt, Anna Sunday, May 11, 2014 8:14:51 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:f5:f1








Runnfeldt, Anna Sunday, May 11, 2014 8:14:51 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:f5:f1