' ' : 290.

2003
10 ,
,
1. / /

--Imprinting
Penetrance
2.
.
________________________________________________________________
. /
G0 ______________________________________________________________
G1 ______________________________________________________________
S________________________________________________________________
G2_______________________________________________________________
M_______________________________________________________________
3.
.
.
.
.

p53
".
" .
G0.
".

4. , .
.

"

crossing

over
crossing
over
5.
. .
. .
. - splicing.
. .
/ __________________________________________________________________________

6. \/

47XY+21

45X0

47,XXY

)
,
,

IQ

46XY-5p

46XX-5p

7. / ?
.
.
.
.
8.
.
.
.

.
.
.

. 50%.
9.
.
.
.
.

.
50%.
.
50%.

10. , (
. 1:625
. 1:2500
. 1:10,000
. 1:25
11. 80 (CGG) FMR1, ( )
80 , , .
12. 11?
. .
. .
. .
. .
13. . " . ?
. 100%
. 50%
. 25%
.
/
, .
X , .
X , 25%

. .
( 1:25).
. 1:100
. 1:25
. 1:50
. 1:625
/ _________________________________________________________________________