Bogdan Ficeac

Tehnici de manipulare
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,MXPIV WI SFM#RYMWI W ZSVFIEWG R TVM^ HMVIGX GY QYP'MQIE. %4EX HI YRYP
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HMR MRXIVWIG'MM, R JEFVMGM, QEKE^MRI, FMVSYVM, FIVVMM #M R EPXI PSGYVM TYFPMGI. R
XMQTYP TVSKVEQIPSV MQTSVXERXI, WI SVHSRE RGIXEVIE PYGVYPYM, EWXJIP RGX
SEQIRMM W TSEX EY^M IQMWMYRMPI. 1MM HI KEVHMIRM EM VEHMSYVMPSV TYFPMGI WI
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6IWXYP TVSKVEQYPYM GYTVMRHIE #XMVM (HMRXVI GIPI JYVRM^EXI HI EKIR'ME RE'MSREP,
E4EX #M IE WYF XSXEPYP GSRXVSP EP PYM +SIFFIPW) #M QY^MG. R KIRIVEP QY^MG
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3IGEVI HMR GIPI XVIM GEWI EPI WEPI EZIE GXI YR ETEVEX HI TVSMIG'MI #M #M JGIE
XMQT W ZEH GIP TY'MR YR 3PQ TI ^M, GLMEV #M EXYRGM GRH IVE I\XVIQ HI
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QYPXI SVM #M 2MQMG RSY TI *VSRXYP HI :IWX TIRXVY E-M WXYHME QSHEPMX'MPI HI
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PE WY4IXYP WTIGXEXSVMPSV, TSEXI HIZIRM YR QMNPSG HI TVSTEKERH I\XVIQ HI
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(EV TVSQMWMYRIE RY E 'MRYX TVIE QYPX. 4VMR 1MRMWXIVYP 4VSTEKERHIM #M TVMR
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MRXIVTVIXI^I VSPYVMPI. R 1937, TEXVY HMRXVI GIPI QEM GYRSWGYXI WXYHMSYVM HI
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HSGYQIRXEVI IHYGEXMZI TR PE TIPMGYPIPI EVXMWXMGI HI PYRKQIXVEN. R QSH
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HYT GI ,MXPIV M-E VITVS#EX G XIQIPI RE^MWXI WYRX TVIE TY'MR VITVI^IRXEXI R
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YRYM FERGLIV IZVIY GEVI #M I\XSVGE JV WGVYTYPI GSRGIX'IRMM, M XSVXYVE #M PI
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)JIGXYP 3PQYPYM E JSWX EXX HI TYXIVRMG, RGX KVYTYVM HI XMRIVM, HYT GI MI#IEY
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TIRXVY 'VMPI HMR WJIVE HI MR4YIR' WSZMIXMG.
(SGYQIRXYP, VITVSHYW HYT VIZMWXE 0MXIVEXYV #M EVX, 'LM#MRY, 7 MYRMI
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WTMSRMPSV, E JSWX HIWGSTIVMX R GEQIVE HI PYGVY E PYM &SPIWPEZ &MIVYX, JSWXYP
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GEVEGXIV WXVMGX WIGVIX, R FMVSYVMPI REPXI EPI 2/:( (/+&), EGIWX HSGYQIRX
GSR'MRI HMVIGXMZI I\TVIWI TIRXVY XSEXI 3PMEPIPI 'SQMXIXYPYM HI 7XEX TIRXVY
7IGYVMXEXI HMR WXEXIPI-WEXIPMX EPI 9677. R GIPI TEXVY^IGM #M GMRGM HI TYRGXI EPI
8IWXEQIRXYPYM VS#Y OVIQPMRI^ WYRX GYTVMRWI EGIPI EG'MYRM GI EZIEY W 3I
RXVITVMRWI HI GIE QEM QEPI3G #M RXMRW VI'IE HI WTMSREN HMR PYQI, HMR XSEXI
XMQTYVMPI, GY GSRWIGMR'I XVEKMGI TIRXVY XSEXI TSTSEVIPI HMR WJIVE 4YXIVMM
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E4EX, RY WI TYXIE EPXJIP, R WIMJYP #IJYPYM TEVXMHYPYM #M WXEXYPYM TSPSRI^, 3VI#XI,
EKIRX #M I\IGYXERX MQTYW HI /+&, IP E JSWX TYW R TVEGXMG R XSX PEKVYP
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I\MWXI GXI S ZEVMERX. (YT RIZSMPI 1SWGSZIM #M HYT TIVMGSPIPI GEVI
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'SRWIGMR'IPI WI ZH #M EWX^M.
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GSR'MRYXI R 8IWXEQIRXYP VS#Y, WI GYZMRI W SFWIVZQ G EG'MYRMPI HI
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(I EWIQIRIE XVIFYMI TVIGM^EX G WGYVXIPI GSQIRXEVMM GI RWS'IWG
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PMQMXEY RYQEM PE ZIVMKMPI MQIHMEX EPXYVEXI. %WXJIP HIWGSTIVMVIE YRYM WTMSR
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R XMQTYP #IHIVMM R 9RMYRIE 7SZMIXMG, WSPHE'MM IVEY WYTY#M YRYM MRXIRW
TVSGIW HI WTPEVI E GVIMIVYPYM, TIRXVY E PM WI MRSGYPE YR WIRXMQIRX HI
3HIPMXEXI RIGSRHM'MSREX JE' HI 1SWGSZE. %WXJIP IM HIZIRIEY HIQRM HI
RGVIHIVI R HIWJ#YVEVIE YRSV EG'MYRM QMPMXEVI. "M XSXY#M IJIGXYP RHSGXVMRVMM
TYXIE W HMWTEV R XMQT, EXYRGM GRH WSPHEXYP WI RETSME R QMNPSGYP
GSRE'MSREPMPSV WM, GRH #M VIPYE ZIGLMPI SFMGIMYVM #M VIZIRIE PE Y^YP PMQFMM
QEXIVRI. 'Y GX XVIGIE XMQTYP, GSRXVSPYP EWYTVE PYM IVE QEM HM3GMP HI I\IVGMXEX.
(I EGIIE EVQEXE EPME'MPSV, GLMEV HEG WI HSZIHMWI XSZEV# 3HIP HI PYTX E
GIPIM WSZMIXMGI, XVIFYME, R GIPI HMR YVQ, W 3I HMWXVYW, TIRXVY E RPXYVE
SVMGI WYVTVM^I ZMMXSEVI.
5. 8VIFYMI VIEPM^EX R QSH EGGIPIVEX YRM3GEVIE XYXYVSV TEVXMHIPSV RXV-YR
TEVXMH YRMG, EZRH KVMN GE XSEXI VSPYVMPI-GLIMI W VIZMR EGIPSV SEQIRM GEVI
ETEV'MR WIVZMGMMPSV RSEWXVI WIGVIXI.
'SRXVSPYP XSXEP EWYTVE WSGMIX'MM XVIFYME I\IVGMXEX RYQEM HI PE 'IRXVY.
7MWXIQIPI XSXEPMXEVI, TVMRXVI GEVI #M GIPI HI WSVKMRXI GSQYRMWX, I\GPYHIEY GY
HIWZV#MVI TPYVEPMWQYP TSPMXMG. R GEHVYP PSV RY I\MWXE HIGX S WMRKYV HSGXVMR
GSVIGX, ERYQI GIE TVSTSZHYMX HI PMHIVMM HI PE 'IRXVY. 3VMGI HIZMIVI HI PE
PMRMI XVIFYME TIHITWMX GY GIE QEM QEVI WIZIVMXEXI. -EV TIRXVY EGIEWXE, IE
XVIFYME W 3I WIWM^EX GY QE\MQYQ HI STIVEXMZMXEXI HI SEQIRMM ERXVIRE'M
WTIGMEP TIRXVY EWXJIP HI QMWMYRM.
6. 9RM3GEVIE XYXYVSV SVKERM^E'MMPSV HI XMRIVIX. (I PE GSRHYGXSVM HI TPEWI
R WYW, R TS^M'MM HI GSRHYGIVI WI ZSV VITEVXM^E SEQIRM GY GEVI WYRX HI EGSVH
WIVZMGMMPI RSEWXVI WTIGMEPI.
1IQFVMM SVKERM^E'MMPSV HI XMRIVIX VITVI^IRXEY WGLMQFYP HI QMRI EP
TEVXMHYPYM YRMG. (I EGIIE XVIFYME W 3I ZIVM3GE'M GY EXIR'MI, TIRXVY E VQRI
3HIPM 1SWGSZIM, MRHMJIVIRX R GI WMXYE'MI WI ZE E4E 'EVE PSV. 8MRIVMM GSRWXMXYMEY
HI EWIQIRIE QEXIVME TVMQ TIRXVY JSVQEVIE SQYPYM RSY, MEV GIM EPI#M
TIRXVY E JEGI TEVXI HMR VIWTIGXMZIPI SVKERM^E'MM EV 3 XVIFYMX W VITVI^MRXI
GVIQE ZMMXSEVIPSV HIXE#EQIRXI GVIHMRGMSEWI TI ZIGM /VIQPMRYPYM.
7. 7I SVKERM^IE^ #M WI YVQVI#XI GE JYRG'MSREVMM EPI#M HITYXE'M PE
GSRKVIWI W RY-#M TSEX TWXVE QERHEXYP TI RXVIEKE TIVMSEH GI PI WX R
JE'. (ITYXE'MM RY TSX GSRZSGE R RMGM YR GE^ #IHMR'I RXVI RXVITVMRHIVM. (EG
RY I\MWX EPX WSPY'MI #M S EWIQIRIE #IHMR' XVIFYMI XSXY#M GSRZSGEX, WI ZSV
RHITVXE EGIM SEQIRM GEVI EY EGXMZMXEXI PIKEX HI TVSMIGXEVIE GSRGIT'MMPSV #M
EZERWEVIE VIZIRHMGVMPSV. 4IRXVY 3IGEVI GSRKVIW WI ZSV TVIKXM SEQIRM RSM #M
HSEV GIM ZM^E'M HI WIVZMGMMPI RSEWXVI WIGVIXI ZSV 3 EPI#M.
2MGM S TIVWSREPMXEXI EYXSLXSR RY XVIFYME W EMF SGE^ME HI E HSFRHM
TVIE QYPX EYXSVMXEXI. %YXSVMXEXIE EV 3 JGYX-S QYPX QEM KVIY HI GSRXVSPEX.
3FWXVYG'MSREVIE TIVQERIRX E GIPSV GSQTIXIR'M, RPSGYMVIE PSV GSRJSVQ
TVMRGMTMYPYM VSXMVMM GEHVIPSV JGIEY MQTSWMFMP MQTYRIVIE PSV R JE'E
GSRGIX'IRMPSV. %WXJIP MR4YIR'E PSV EWYTVE GIPSV HMR NYV IVE VIHYW PE
QE\MQYQ, MEV GMPI HI QERMTYPEVI HI PE 'IRXVY VQRIEY HIWGLMWI.
8. 7I ZE EGSVHE S EXIR'MI HISWIFMX TIVWSERIPSV GY GETEGMX'M
SVKERM^EXSVMGI #M GY #ERWI WMKYVI HI TSTYPEVMXEXI. %GI#XM SEQIRM XVIFYMI
GSSTXE'M, MEV R GE^YP R GEVI WI STYR, RY PM WI ZSV SJIVM TSWXYVM MIVEVLMG
WYTIVMSEVI.
2MGM YR EYXSLXSR RY XVIFYME W GETIXI TVIE QYPX TSTYPEVMXEXI, TVIE
QYPX EHIVIR' PE QEWI. 4STYPEVMXEXIE P JGIE KVIY HI GSRXVSPEX. 'SQTIXIR'MM
SVM WI VEGSPEY, SVM WI ERMLMPEY. 'Y SVMGI TVI', GEPI HI QMNPSG RY I\MWXE.
9. 7I ZE YVQVM GE JYRG'MSREVMM HI WXEX (I\GPYWMZ SVKERIPI HI WIGYVMXEXI
#M HMR MRHYWXVME QMRIPSV) W EMF VIXVMFY'MM QMGM. %GIEWXE WI VIJIV RHISWIFM PE
WJIVE WRX'MM, NYWXM'MIM, GYPXYVMM, VIWTIGXMZ PE GIM GEVI HI'MR JYRG'MM HI
GSRHYGIVI.
R TIVQERIR', XVIFYME GE XS'M GIM GEVI TYXIEY KIRIVE GYVIRXI HI
STMRMI, GEVI TYXIEY NYGE VSPYP YRSV EKIR'M HI MR4YIR' WEY GEVI TYXIEY EHYRE
EHIT'M R NYVYP PSV W 3I VIHY#M PE XGIVI. 7EPEVMMPI QMGM M SFPMKEY PE YR XVEM
QM^IV. 8VIFYME W 3I YQMPM'M, JGY'M W WI TVISGYTI HI WYTVEZMI'YMVIE ^MPRMG,
TIRXVY E RY QEM EZIE XMQT HI EPXGIZE. 3EQIRMM HI GYPXYV, QIHMGMM, PYGVXSVMM
HMR NYWXM'MI, GIMPEP'M JYRG'MSREVM HI WXEX, GEVI TVMR REXYVE TVSJIWMIM PSV TYXIEY
EZIE YR EWGIRHIRX EWYTVE WIQIRMPSV, W 3I QMRMQEPM^E'M, WYTY#M HMWTVI'YPYM.
.YWXM'ME, QEM EPIW, XVIFYME XVX R GVM^, TIRXVY E-M JEGI TI NYHIGXSVM XSXEP
HITIRHIR'M JE' HI 4YXIVI. )\GIT'MI JGIEY PYGVXSVMM HMR WIGYVMXEXI, E GVSV
3HIPMXEXI XVIFYME RXVI'MRYX TVMR SJIVMVIE YRSV TVMZMPIKMM, HEV #M QMRIVMM. %GI#XME
HMR YVQ, HMR TVMGMRE M^SPVMM XSXEPI R GEVI #M TIXVIG QENSVMXEXIE XMQTYPYM, WYRX
JSEVXI MR4YIR'EFMPM, JSEVXI Y#SV HI QERMTYPEX. 3VMGI WGRXIMI HI RIQYP'YQMVI
TSEXI ETVMRHI YR ZIVMXEFMP FYXSM HI TYPFIVI, MQTSWMFMP HI GSRXVSPEX. (I EGIIE
WEPEVMMPI QEM QEVM HIGX QIHME IVEY QIRMXI W PI MRHYG YR WIRXMQIRX HI
3HIPMXEXI JE' HI 'IRXVY, R ZMVXYXIE GVYME TYXIEY 3 WGS#M R SVMGI QSQIRX
TIRXVY E WIVZM MRXIVIWIPSV EWGYRWI EPI QERMTYPEXSVMPSV, JV GE IM W-#M HIE
WIEQE.
10. R XSEXI SVKERMWQIPI HI KYZIVRQRX, VIWTIGXMZ R QENSVMXEXIE
Y^MRIPSV, XVIFYMI W EZIQ SEQIRM GEVI GSRPYGVIE^ GY WIVZMGMMPI RSEWXVI
WTIGMEPI (JV #XMVIE SVKERIPSV EHQMRMWXVEXMZI PSGEPI).
1EVMPI GSPIGXMZMX'M QYRGMXSVI#XM VITVI^IRXEY R TIVQERIR' YR TIVMGSP
TSXIR'MEP. %#E GYQ, R XVIGYX, RIQYP'YQMVMPI PSV EY TYXYX 3 I\TPSEXEXI JSEVXI
Y#SV TIRXVY HIGPER#EVIE VIZSPY'MMPSV TVMR GEVI E JSWX MRWXEYVEX WMWXIQYP
GSQYRMWX, #M R GSRXMRYEVI IM WI TYXIEY VIZSPXE SVMGRH QTSXVMZE QM^IVMIM
^MPRMGI. R JSRH, QYRGMXSVMM RY EZIEY HI TMIVHYX HIGX PER'YVMPI. 4I FE^E
EGIWXIM GSRGIT'MM IM EY JSWX JSPSWM'M R VIZSPY'MM, HEV XSX R ZMVXYXIE IM WI TYXIEY
V^ZVXM SVMGRH QTSXVMZE RSMPSV WXTRM. 0MHIVMM HI PE /VIQPMR GYRS#XIEY
JSEVXI FMRI WXVEXIKME VWXYVRVMM YRYM VIKMQ GY ENYXSVYP QYRGMXSVMPSV #M WI
XIQIEY G M ZSV GHIE ZMGXMQI PE VRHYP PSV. 'IIE GI, R QYPXI GE^YVM, W-E #M
RXQTPEX. 7TVI I\IQTPY, R 6SQRME, VIKMQYP GIEY#MWX W-E TVFY#MX HI3RMXMZ
R QSQIRXYP R GEVI QEVMPI GSPIGXMZI QYRGMXSVI#XM W-EY EPXYVEX
VIZSPY'MSREVMPSV HMR WXVEH. (MR EGIWXI QSXMZI, XVIFYME GE QYRGMXSVMM W 3I
WYTVEZIKLIE'M TIVQERIRX, GY EXIR'MI, HI SEQIRM WTIGMEP TVIKXM'M, MR3PXVE'M R
VRHYVMPI PSV.
11. 7I ZE YVQVM GY WXVMGXI'I GE TVIWE EYXSLXSR W RY XVERWQMX HEXI
TVMZMRH GEPMXEXIE #M WSVXMQIRXYP QVJYVMPSV GI RM WI XVERWTSVX. 2Y IWXI ZSMI GE
EGIEWX EGXMZMXEXI W WI GLIQI GSQIV'. 8VIFYMI RIETVEX QIR'MSREX JETXYP G
I ZSVFE HI WGLMQFYVM HI QVJYVM.
1EVIPI ZIGMR HI PE 6WVMX RY XVIFYME TIVGITYX GE YR TEVXIRIV HI
EJEGIVM, GM GE YR TVMIXIR. -EV GY YR TVMIXIR RY JEGM EJEGIVM, HISEVIGI, QEM
HIZVIQI WEY QEM XV^MY, TSX ETVIE WYWTMGMYRM SVM RIQYP'YQMVM, QEM EPIW HMR
TEVXIE GIPYM E4EX R MRJIVMSVMXEXI. (I EGIIE XVIFYME TWXVEX YR WIGVIX EFWSPYX #M
EWYTVE QVJYVMPSV XVMQMWI R 9677. R TPYW, WMRXEKQE WGLMQFYVM HI QVJYVM
MRHYGIE MQTVIWME YRYM EZERXEN VIGMTVSG, GI QEWGE NEJYP TVEGXMGEX HI PMHIVMM HI
PE 1SWGSZE R HIXVMQIRXYP WXEXIPSV-WEXIPMX.
12. 7I ZSV I\IVGMXE TVIWMYRM EWYTVE WIVZMGMMPSV, R WIRWYP RIEGSVHVMM HI
EGXI HI TVSTVMIXEXI EWYTVE TQRXYPYM; EGXIPI ZSV EVXE GEPMXEXIE HI PSX HEX R
JSPSWMR', HEV RY HI TVSTVMIXEXI E HI'MRXSVYPYM.
7IRXMQIRXYP HI TVSTVMIXEXI XVIFYME ERMLMPEX TVMR SVMGI QMNPSEGI.
(MWXVYKRHY-M WYTSVXYP QEXIVMEP EP MRHITIRHIR'IM TIVWSREPI, MRHMZMHYP TYXIE 3
JGYX W-#M TMEVH GSQTPIX MHIRXMXEXIE #M ETSM GYJYRHEX GY QYPX QEM QYPX
Y#YVMR' R ERSRMQEXYP QEWIPSV HI QERIZV WYTYWI RIGSRHM'MSREX
EYXSVMX'MPSV.
13. 4SPMXMGE JE' HI QMGE KSWTSHVMI 'VRIEWG W YVQI^I EGIP GYVW
TIRXVY E S JEGI RIVIRXEFMP. (YT EGIIE XVIFYMI RGITYX GSPIGXMZM^EVIE. R
GE^YP R GEVI EV MRXIVZIRM S VI^MWXIR' QEM QEVI, XVIFYMI VIHYW QTV'MVIE
QMNPSEGIPSV HI TVSHYG'MI, GSRGSQMXIRX GY GVI#XIVIE SFPMKE'MMPSV HI TVIHEVI E
GSXIPSV. (EG RY WI ENYRKI PE VI^YPXEXYP WGSRXEX, XVIFYMI EVERNEX GE EKVMGYPXYVE
W RY TSEX EWMKYVE ETVSZM^MSREVIE RXVIKMM 'VM, EWXJIP GE RIGIWEVYP W 3I
EGSTIVMX TVMR MQTSVX.
4VSTVMIXEXIE TEVXMGYPEV XVIFYME HMWXVYW, QEM EPIW PE 'EV. 1MGYP
TVSTVMIXEV EKVMGSP EZIE YR KVEH QEM QEVI HI MRHITIRHIR' HEXSVMX JETXYPYM
G #M TYXIE EWMKYVE GIPI RIGIWEVI XVEMYPYM, #M GLMEV GIZE R TPYW, R GEHVYP
TVSTVMIM WEPI KSWTSHVMM. )P RY QEM HITMRHIE HI VIPE'MMPI GY GIM HMR NYV TIRXVY
E WYTVEZMI'YM #M RMGM RY IVE TVIE TVISGYTEX HI SF'MRIVIE YRSV REPXI TS^M'MM
WSGMEPI WEY HI EPXI TVMZMPIKMM. 1MGYP TVSTVMIXEV EKVMGSP XVME RXV-S GZEWMM^SPEVI,
JETX GEVI P JGIE JSEVXI KVIY HI QERMTYPEX. (I EGIIE XVIFYME RPXYVEX
WYTSVXYP GI M HHIE WMKYVER'E ^MPIM HI QMRI #M JSV'E HI E VI^MWXE, RHVNMX #M
XGYX, XYXYVSV TVIWMYRMPSV. &VERYP #XME G TYXIVIE PYM WXXIE R TQRX #M R
QMGE KSWTSHVMI HMR GEVI #M EWMKYVE XVEMYP ^MPRMG, HI EGIIE IVE MQTSWMFMP HI
ETPMGEX S QIXSH HMVIGX TIRXVY E-P HITSWIHE HI GIIE GI EZIE QEM WGYQT. R
EGIWX WIRW, WXVEXIKMM GSQYRMWQYPYM EY ETIPEX PE S QERIZV MRHMVIGX #M ERYQI
PE WYFQMREVIE QMGMM TVSTVMIX'M TVMZEXI, KVEHEX, TVMR HMZIVWI QIXSHI, JGRH-S
RIVIRXEFMP. 7VGMX, LV'YMX, PMTWMX HI WTIVER' R GIIE GI TVMZI#XI ZMMXSVYP,
QMGYP TVSTVMIXEV XVIFYME R GIPI HMR YVQ W WI WYTYR GSPIGXMZM^VMM. -EV HEG
XSXY#M VI^MWXIR'E GSRXMRYE, XVIFYME W WI ETIPI^I PE MQTSVX, TIRXVY E-M HE
PSZMXYVE HI KVE'MI. 1IXSHE E JSWX EHSTXEX R QEM XSEXI WXEXIPI WSGMEPMWXI, R
TVMQIPI HIGIRMM EPI JSVQVMM EGIWXSVE, HEV #M QEM XV^MY. 7TVI I\IQTPY, R
6SQRME, R 1992 #M 1993 W-E ETIPEX PE MQTSVXYP HI KVY, HI#M QMGMM
TVSHYGXSVM SF'MRYWIV TVSHYG'MM HMRGSPS HI E#XITXVM.
14. 8VIFYMI JGYX XSXYP GE LSXVVMPI #M SVHMRIPI 3I EGIWXIE GY GEVEGXIV
NYVMHMG, IGSRSQMG WEY SVKERM^EXSVMG W 3I RITYRGXYEPI.
R WXEXIPI-WEXIPMX XVIFYME TWXVEX TIVQERIRX S WXEVI HI HI^SVKERM^EVI.
8VIFYME GE PIKMPI W WI FEX GET R GET SVM W ZMR TVIE XV^MY, SVHMRIPI #M
LSXVVMPI W 3I MRI3GMIRXI, MIVEVLMMPI W RY EMF WXEFMPMXEXI #.E.Q.H.
1IR'MRRH LESWYP, WSGMIXEXIE #M TWXVE WPFMGMYRMPI #M TYXIE 3 JSEVXI Y#SV HI
GSRXVSPEX. 3EQIRMM RY EZIEY TSWMFMPMXEXIE W-#M WSPMHM3GI YR WMWXIQ TVSTVMY HI
ZEPSVM, WIRXMQIRXYP HI MRWIGYVMXEXI WI EGGIRXYE, MEV QERMTYPEXSVMM EZIEY EWXJIP
YR XIVIR I\XVIQ HI TVSTMGI TIRXVY EG'MYRI.
15. 8VIFYMI JGYX XSXYP GE ERYQMXI GE^YVM W 3I HMWGYXEXI GSRGSQMXIRX
HI QEM QYPXI GSQMWMM, S3GMM WEY MRWXMXYXI, RW RMGMYRE HMRXVI IPI W RY EMF
HVITX HI HIGM^MI REMRXI HI E WI GSRWYPXE GY GIPIPEPXI (JEG I\GIT'MI GE^YVMPI GI
ZM^IE^ MRHYWXVME QMRIPSV).
3 EPX WXVEXIKMI QIRMX W MRHYG LESWYP, W QTMIHMGI JSVQEVIE YRSV
MIVEVLMM JYRG'MSREPI, W RY SJIVI TSWMFMPMXEXIE ZVIYRIM MRWXMXY'MM WEY EPXIME HI E
EGYQYPE TVIE QYPX EYXSVMXEXI. (I JETX, S ZEVMERX E ZIGLMYPYM TVMRGMTMY
HI^FMR #M WXTRI#XI. )\GIT'MI JEGI MRHYWXVME QMRIPSV, HISEVIGI QMRIVMM
GSRWXMXYMEY EVQEXE HI VI^IVZ E VIKMQYPYM, TVMR JETXYP G IM TYXIEY 3
QERMTYPE'M GY I\XVIQ Y#YVMR'. -EV TIRXVY GE IJIGXYP QERMTYPVMM W 3I GIP
WGSRXEX, IVE RIGIWEV GE R VRHYVMPI GIPSV HMR WYFXIVER W JYRG'MSRI^I
MQTIGEFMP WMQ'YP MIVEVLMIM. 0E YR WMRKYV WIQR EP GIPYM TI GEVI P GSRWMHIVEY
PMHIV (IZMHIRX, EGIWXE 3MRH EKIRX /+&), XVIFYME GE IM W WI QSFMPM^I^I #M W
EG'MSRI^I TIRXVY RHITPMRMVIE SVHMRIPSV, JV RMGM YR GSQIRXEVMY WEY VI'MRIVI.
-^SPEVIE XSXEP HI PYQIE I\XIVMSEV HHIE TSWMFMPMXEXIE PMHIVYPYM W-M GSRZMRK
G RYQEM GI WTYRIE IP IVE GSVIGX #M FMRI TIRXVY IM. 3 ZIVMXEFMP EVQEX HI
VSFS'M, TWXVEX R WYFXIVERI, KEXE HI EG'MYRI PE SVMGI QSQIRX.
16. %YXSGSRHYGIVIE HMR Y^MR RY TSEXI I\IVGMXE RMGM S MR4YIR' EWYTVE
EGXMZMX'MM HMR Y^MR. 4SEXI PYGVE HSEV PE TYRIVIE R TVEGXMG E LSXVVMPSV.
8VIFYME GE TVMRGMTMMPI WSGMEPMWXI ZILMGYPEXI XSX XMQTYP, TVIGYQ #M GIP EP
EYXSGSRHYGIVMM QYRGMXSVI#XM, W VQR RYQEM TIRXVY JE'EHE
TVSTEKERHMWXMG #M, IZIRXYEP, TIRXVY E EVYRGE ZMRE XYXYVSV RIVIY#MXIPSV EWYTVE
GSPIGXMZIPSV RWI#M. (EV VIEPM^VMPI XVIFYMI EXVMFYMXI HSEV ZM^MYRMM R'IPITXI E
GSRHYGXSVMPSV HI PE 'IRXVY. R EGIWX WIRW, 'IRXVYP XVIFYME W GSSVHSRI^I
RIQMNPSGMX RXVIEKE EGXMZMXEXI, MEV EYXSGSRHYGIVIE Y^MREP W RHITPMRIEWG
HSEV VSPYP WMQTPYPYM I\IGYXERX. %WXE #M TIRXVY E IZMXE, MEV#M, EGYQYPEVIE HI
EYXSVMXEXI WEY HI TSTYPEVMXEXI HI GXVI YRMM SEQIRM HMR GSPIGXMZIPI
QYRGMXSVI#XM, GSQTIXIR'M, HEV RIZIVM3GE'M #M RIRVIKMQIRXE'M.
17. 7MRHMGEXIPI RY EY HVITXYP HI E WI QTSXVMZM GSRHYGIVMM. 7MRHMGEXIPI
XVIFYMI W 3I SGYTEXI GY EPXI TVSFPIQI, WTVI I\IQTPY GY SVKERM^EVIE SHMLRIM
R GSRGIHMM, HMWGYXEVIE GIVIVMPSV HI TIRWMM #M QTVYQYXYVM, TVSKVEQI GYPXYVEPI
#M HMWXVEGXMZI, SVKERM^EVIE HI I\GYVWMM, VITEVXM^EVIE QVJYVMPSV HI3GMXEVI,
NYWXM3GEVIE YRSV TYRGXI HI ZIHIVI #M HIGM^MM EPI GSRHYGIVMM TSPMXMGI.
6SPYP WMRHMGEXIPSV, GE #M EP XYXYVSV GIPSVPEPXI SVKERM^E'MM GMZMGI, SF#XI#XM,
HI XMRIVIX IXG. XVIFYMI W 3I EGIPE HI WMQTPM ZEWEPM E4E'M WYF GSRXVSPYP XSXEP EP
TEVXMHYPYM YRMG, QEM FMRI ^MW EP 'IRXVYPYM HI PE /VIQPMR. )PI XVIFYMI W
RHITPMRIEWG SVFI#XI SVHMRIPI, W TVSQSZI^I TSPMXMGE TEVXMHYPYM YRMG, W
GETEGMXI^I IRIVKMMPI TSTYPE'MIM WTVI HMZIVWI EPXI WIGXSEVI, TIRXVY E VIWXVRKI
VMWGYP ETEVM'MIM YRSV RIQYP'YQMVM WEY V^ZVXMVM. (I#M TYVXEY HIRYQMVIE YRSV
SVKERMWQI I\MWXIRXI #M R WXEXIPI HIQSGVEXMGI, TIRXVY E MRHYGI S ETEVIR' HI
PMFIVXEXI, IPI WI HISWIFIEY JYRHEQIRXEP HI EGIWXIE. R WXEXIPI HIQSGVEXMGI,
WMRHMGEXIPI #M GIPIPEPXI SVKERM^E'MM RIKYZIVREQIRXEPI WI E4 XSXEP R WPYNFE
QIQFVMPSV WEY E GIX'IRMPSV PSV. R WMWXIQIPI XSXEPMXEVI, IPI WI E4EY #M WI E4
RG #M EWX^M, R RYQIVSEWI ^SRI EPI KPSFYPYM, RYQEM R WPYNFE TEVXMHYPYM YRMG,
EG'MSRRH, WYFXMP WEY GLMEV J'M#, QTSXVMZE MRXIVIWIPSV PIKMXMQI EPI GIX'IRMPSV.
18. 8VIFYMI EZERWE'M RYQEM EGIM GSRHYGXSVM GEVI I\IGYX MQTIGEFMP
WEVGMRMPI TVMQMXI #M RY PI EREPM^IE^ HIT#MRH GEHVYP EGXMZMX'MM PSV.
'SRHYGIVIE HI PE /VIQPMR RY EZIE RIZSMI, R WXEXIPI-WEXIPMX, HI
TEVXIRIVM, GM HI I\IGYXER'M. %GIEWX TSPMXMG XVIFYME ETPMGEX TR PE RMZIPYP
GIPIM QEM RIRWIQREXI RXVITVMRHIVM. 'VMXIVMYP HI EZERWEVI RY XVIFYME W 3I
GSQTIXIR'E, EYXSVMXEXIE, MRXIPMKIR'E WEY TSTYPEVMXEXIE, GM 3HIPMXEXIE
RIGSRHM'MSREX JE' HI 'IRXVY. *ETXYP G 3HIPMXEXIE IVE GYPXMZEX, R
QENSVMXEXIE GE^YVMPSV, RYQEM PE GIM MRGETEFMPM, TIRXVY G IM IVEY GIM QEM ^IPS#M
I\IGYXER'M, RY HIVERNE, FE GLMEV IVE HI HSVMX. 2Y GSRXEY YVME#IPI TMIVHIVM
WYJIVMXI HI IGSRSQMMPI 'VMPSV WSGMEPMWXI TVMR TVSQSZEVIE MRGSQTIXIR'MPSV.
7GSTYP IVE TWXVEVIE YRYM GSRXVSP XSXEP EWYTVE 3IGVYM WIKQIRX EP ZMI'MM
TSPMXMGI, IGSRSQMGI, WSGMEPI #M GYPXYVEPI. -EV HI^EWXVYP IVE GLMEV HI HSVMX,
TIRXVY G FYRWXEVIE EV 3 SJIVMX SEQIRMPSV VKE^YP HI E KRHM.
19. R PIKXYV GY EGXMZMXEXIE PSGEPRMGMPSV GY JYRG'MM HI TEVXMH, HI WXEX WEY
EHQMRMWXVEXMZI, XVIFYMI GVIEXI EWIQIRIE GSRHM'MM, RGX W 3I GSQTVSQM#M R
JE'E ERKENE'MPSV, EWXJIP HIZIRMRH MQTSWMFMP RXSEVGIVIE PSV R ERXYVENYP MRM'MEP.
(MR RSY, SVMGX HI 3HIPM EV 3 JSWX /VIQPMRYPYM, TEVXIRIVMM HI MHISPSKMI HMR
'VMPI-WEXIPMX RY TYXIEY 3 PWE'M W HSFRHIEWG TVIE QYPX TYXIVI. -RHMJIVIRX
HI WIVZMGMMPI EHYWI 1SWGSZIM, XVIFYME GE REP'MM JYRG'MSREVM HI TEVXMH WEY HI
WXEX HMR 'VMPI JV'I#XM W 3I GSQTVSQM#M MVIQIHMEFMP, GLMEV EVYRGE'M R
XIQRM', GIP QEM EHIWIE R YVQE YRSV TVSGIWI HI HIQEWGEVI WEY TVMR
VIGSRWMHIVEVIE XVIGYXYPYM PSV GSRJSVQ YRSV GSRGIT'MM #M VIKYPM MRZIRXEXI
WTIGMEP R EGIWX WGST. -WXSVME TIVMSEHIM GSQYRMWXI HMR QEM XSEXI 'VMPI )YVSTIM
'IRXVEPI #M HI )WX HSZIHI#XI G TVMRGMTMYP E JSWX ETPMGEX XIQIMRMG, HIGIRMM PE
VRH. (I 3IGEVI HEX GRH YR RSY PMHIV ZIRIE PE GSRHYGIVIE 'VMM, GIM HI
HMREMRXIE PYM IVEY FPEQE'M, NYHIGE'M, R3IVE'M, RXIQRM'E'M #.E.Q.H. 2MGMSHEX, R
TIVMSEHE I\MWXIR'IM VIKMQYVMPSV GSQYRMWXI, GIM EGY^E'M RY EY QEM TYXYX W
VIZMR PE TYXIVI.
20. 'EHVIPSV QMPMXEVI EYXSLXSRI PM WI TSX RGVIHMR'E TS^M'MM HI
VWTYRHIVI R PSGYVM YRHI HINE WYRX TPEWE'M SEQIRMM WIVZMGMYPYM WTIGMEP.
%VQEXE XVIFYME #M IE WYTVEZIKLIEX RHIETVSETI, TVMR EKIR'M MR3PXVE'M R
TS^M'MM-GLIMI. *MIGEVI TIVWSREPMXEXI QMPMXEV EYXSLXSR XVIFYME W EMF GIP
TY'MR S YQFV HMR GEHVYP /+&, GEVI W-M VETSVXI^I SVMGI QM#GEVI, W-M E4I
WPFMGMYRMPI, R ZIHIVIE YRYM IZIRXYEP #ERXEN ZMMXSV, HEV, XSXSHEX, W TSEX
GYRSE#XI R EQRYRX #M GIPI QEM WIGVIXI TPERYVM QMPMXEVI EPI EVQEXIPSV
JV'I#XM. 'YQ MR3PXVEVIE WTMSRMPSV R GSPIGXMZI HI GSRHYGIVI HINE JSVQEXI
EXVKIE HYT WMRI YRIPI VMWGYVM, IVE QYPX QEM I3GMIRX TVSQSZEVIE GEHVIPSV
QMPMXEVI EYXSLXSRI R PSGYVM YRHI HINE WI E4EY MQTPERXE'M EKIR'M /+&, EWXJIP
RGX EYXSVMXEXIE QMPMXEVMPSV HMR 'VMPI-WEXIPMX W GVIEWG R EGIPE#M XMQT GY GIE
E EKIR'MPSV /VIQPMRYPYM.
21. R GE^YP 3IGVIM EG'MYRM EVQEXI #M GY SGE^ME XVEKIVMPSV, GERXMXEXIE
QYRM'MIM ZE 3 GSRXVSPEX TIVQERIRX #M GY WIVMS^MXEXI, MRHMJIVIRX HI XMTYP HI
EVQ.
RXSXHIEYRE WI TYXIE MZM TSWMFMPMXEXIE YRIM GSRWTMVE'MM QMPMXEVI EZRH GE
WGST HIGPER#EVIE YRIM VIZSPXI QTSXVMZE WXTRYPYM HI PE 6WVMX. (I EGIIE,
EPXYVM HI WYTVEZIKLIVIE XYXYVSV TIVWSERIPSV MR4YIRXI HMR EVQEX, XVIFYME
GSRXVSPEX QMRY'MSW QYRM'ME I\MWXIRX, TIRXVY E RY TIVQMXI JSVQEVIE YRSV
WXSGYVM GPERHIWXMRI, GEVI W 3I JSPSWMXI YPXIVMSV.
22. 8VIFYMI 'MRYX WYF SFWIVZE'MI 3IGEVI MRWXMXYX HI GIVGIXEVI #M
PEFSVEXSV.
4VSKVIWIPI #XMMR'IM TYXIEY SJIVM SVMGRH YR EXY TIRXVY GSRXVEGEVEVIE
MR4YIR'IM VYWI#XM WEY TIRXVY TVIPYEVIE WYTVIQE'MIM RXV-YR ERYQMX HSQIRMY.
(I EGIIE MRWXMXYXIPI HI GIVGIXVM XVIFYMI WYTVEZIKLIEXI GY EXIR'MI TIRXVY E
GSRXVEGEVE EWXJIP HI IZIRXYEPMX'M, HEV #M TIRXVY E TVIPYE, TVMR EGXMZMX'M
WTIGM3GI WTMSRENYPYM IGSRSQMG, SVMGI HIWGSTIVMVI HIQR HI MRXIVIW.
23. 8VIFYMI EGSVHEX S QEVI EXIR'MI MRZIRXEXSVMPSV, MRSZEXSVMPSV,
VIWTIGXMZ HI^ZSPXEX #M WTVMNMRMX EGXMZMXEXIE PSV, HEV 3IGEVI MRZIR'MI XVIFYMI
RVIKMWXVEX GY GSRWIGZIR' PE 'IRXVY. )WXI TIVQMW HSEV VIEPM^EVIE EGIPSV
MRZIWXM'MM GEVI EY ETPMGEFMPMXEXI R MRHYWXVME QMRIPSV WEY GIPI GEVI EY MRHMGE'MMPI
RSEWXVI WTIGMEPI. 2Y WI TSX VIEPM^E EGIPI MRZIR'MM GEVI EV EWMKYVE GVI#XIVIE
TVSHYG'MIM HI TVSHYWI 3RMXI #M, TEVEPIP GY EGIEWXE, WGHIVIE I\XVEG'MIM #M E
TVSHYG'MIM HI QEXIVMM TVMQI WEY EV QTMIHMGE RHITPMRMVIE HIGM^MMPSV. (EG S
MRZIR'MI E HIZIRMX GYRSWGYX, XVIFYMI SVKERM^EX ZR^EVIE EGIWXIME R
WXVMRXEXI. (SGYQIRXIPI GYTVMR^RH HEXI GY TVMZMVI PE ZEPSEVIE #M HIWGVMIVIE
MRZIR'MIM RY WI TYFPMG.
"M EGXMZMXEXIE MRZIRXEXSVMPSV #M E MRSZEXSVMPSV XVIFYME WYTYW GIPYM QEM
WXVMGX GSRXVSP. (EG YRIPI MRZIR'MM EV 3 HYW PE EGGIPIVEVIE TVSKVIWYPYM
IGSRSQMG #M PE GVI#XIVIE KVEHYPYM HI FYRWXEVI E TSTYPE'MIM, XVIFYME W 3I
WYFQMREXI. 4STYPE'ME XVIFYME QIR'MRYX PE PMQMXE WYF^MWXIR'IM TIRXVY E HIZIRM
XSXEP HITIRHIRX HI QWYVMPI PYEXI HI PMHIVMM WMWXIQYPYM, MEV IGSRSQMMPI
WXEXIPSV-WEXIPMX W 3I XSXEP HITIRHIRXI HI VIPE'MMPI GY 9RMYRIE 7SZMIXMG.
)\GIT'MI JGIE MRHYWXVME QMRIPSV, E GVIM HI^ZSPXEVI XVIFYME W SJIVI, TI HI S
TEVXI, QEXIVME TVMQ RIGIWEV R SVMGI QSQIRX IGSRSQMIM #M, TI HI EPXE,
FYRWXEVIE QMRIVMPSV, GEVI TYXIEY 3 JSPSWM'M SVMGRH HVITX EVQEX 3HIP HI
VI^IVZ. (EG XSXY#M YRIPI MRZIR'MM HIZIRIEY GYRSWGYXI, EZIEY W 3I
I\TPSEXEXI R JSPSWYP WXEXYPYM, TIRXVY G RMGM S WYVW HI ZIRMX RY XVIFYME
RIKPMNEX. RW MRZIR'MMPI VQRIEY WIGVIXI, TIRXVY E RY EXVEKI GYMZE EXIR'ME
EWYTVE EGIWXIM TSPMXMGM SGYPXI HI WYTVEZIKLIVI #M YXMPM^EVI E PSV.
24. 4YRGXYEPMXEXIE XVERWTSVXYVMPSV XVIFYMI TIVXYVFEX (QEM TY'MR GIPI
GYTVMRWI R RHVYQVMPI HMR 2+ 552-46).
'Y GX LESWYP GVI#XIE, GY EXX 'EVE VIWTIGXMZ, TSTYPE'ME IM, IVE QEM
Y#SV HI WXTRMX. R TPYW, XVIFYME GE SEQIRMM W 3I R TIVQERIR' TVISGYTE'M
HI GIZE, RIQYP'YQM'M HI EGXMZMXEXIE ZVIYRYM #SJIV WEY E EPXYME, EKEWE'M HI
RXV^MIVM SVM HI EKPSQIVE'MI, TIRXVY E-#M TMIVHI SFM#RYMR'E KRHMVMM PYGMHI,
TIRXVY E RY SFWIVZE G RXVIK WMWXIQYP IVE KVI#MX. R TPYW, R QSQIRXI HI
GYQTR, GRH QM^IVME XVEMYPYM GSXMHMER EXMRKIE MRWYTSVXEFMPYP, SVMGI
VIKPIQIRXEVI QMRSV RWS'MX HI R3IVEVIE TYFPMG E YRSV 'ETM MWT#MXSVM TYXIE
HI^EQSVWE XIRWMYRIE, EXVKRH GLMEV VIGYRS#XMR'E TSTYPE'MIM TIRXVY WGYVXYP
QSQIRX HI VIWTMVS. %TSM XEGXMGE IVE VIPYEX.
25. R Y^MRI XVIFYMI MRM'MEXI HMJIVMXI #IHMR'I #M GSRJIVMR'I TVSJIWMSREPI,
XVIFYMI RSXEXI TVSTYRIVMPI, SFWIVZE'MMPI GI EY JSWX I\TYWI, VIWTIGXMZ EYXSVMM
EGIWXSVE.
4VISGYTVMPI HI SVHMR TVSJIWMSREP EPI GIX'IRMPSV #M RHISWIFM EPI GIPSV
HMR QEVMPI GIRXVI MRHYWXVMEPI XVIFYMI W 3I GYRSWGYXI GY TVIGM^MI TIRXVY E RY
JEGI PSG WYVTVM^IPSV. (EV RY RYQEM GYRSWGYXI, GM #M RSXEXI, GPEWM3GEXI,
EVLMZEXI, TIRXVY E YVQVM IZSPY'ME TVSJIWMSREP E 3IGVYM MRHMZMH R TEVXI,
QSHYP WY HI KRHMVI, QSXMZIPI HI WEXMWJEG'MI WEY HI RIQYP'YQMVI, HSVMR'IPI
#M TSXIR'MEPYP MRXIPIGXYEP #.E.Q.H. %ZRH EGIWXI 3#I MRHMZMHYEPI WI TYXIE
ERXMGMTE #M GSQTSVXEQIRXYP 3IGVYME R ERYQMXI WMXYE'MM.
26. 8VIFYMI TSTYPEVM^EXI HMWGY'MMPI GY QYRGMXSVMM GEVI WI SGYT HI
TVSFPIQI EGXYEPI PIKEXI HI TVSHYG'MI, VIWTIGXMZ GIPI GEVI GVMXMG XVIGYXYP #M
TVSFPIQIPI PSGEPI. 2Y WI ZSV RPXYVE GEY^IPI JIRSQIRIPSV R HMWGY'MI.
4VISGYTVMPI #M KRHYVMPI GPEWIM GSRHYGXSEVI XVIFYMI GEREPM^EXI WTVI
TVSFPIQI HI QYRG SVM PSGEPI, TIRXVY E IZMXE RXVIFVMPI KVEZI GI TYXIEY
ETVIE R QMR'MPI YRSVE. (I EWIQIRIE, TIRXVY E HIQSRWXVE G WMWXIQYP
GSQYRMWX RGYVENE PMFIVXEXIE HI STMRMI (E#E GYQ WYW'MRIEY MHISPSKMM HI PE
'IRXVY), IVEY RGYVENEXI TS^M'MMPI GVMXMGI, HEV, FMRIR'IPIW, RYQEM PE EHVIWE
XVIGYXYPYM WEY E YRSV TVSFPIQI QMRSVI, GI RY TYXIEY HYGI PE TYRIVIE R
HMWGY'MI E RXVIKYPYM WMWXIQ. (MR EGIPIE#M QSXMZI IVE RGYVENEX #M EYXSGVMXMGE.
(EV TIRXVY GE EWXJIP HI HMWGY'MM HMZIVWMSRMWXI W TSEX GSRXMRYE PE RIWJV#MX,
IVE IWIR'MEP TWXVEVIE GEY^IPSV GI PI JGIEY TSWMFMPI.
27. 0YVMPI HI TS^M'MI EPI GSRHYGIVMPSV EYXSLXSRI TSX EZIE GSPSVEXYV
RE'MSREP WEY MWXSVMG, HEV RY TSX HYGI PE YRMXEXI RE'MSREP.
4IRXVY TWXVEVIE YRIM ETEVIR'I HI MRHITIRHIR' JE' HI 1SWGSZE, IVEY
RKHYMXI PYVMPI HI TS^M'MI GY WYFWXVEX MWXSVMG (FMRIR'IPIW, IVE ZSVFE HI
MWXSVME RE'MYRMPSV VIWTIGXMZI VIWGVMW R GLIMI GSQYRMWX), WEY RE'MSREPMWX (R
EGIWX GE^, TIRXVY E EQTPM3GE XIRWMYRMPI MRXIVIXRMGI R WTMVMXYP FMRI
GYRSWGYXYPYM TVMRGMTMY HI^FMR #M WXTRI#XI). 8VIFYME RW VIWTIGXEX PMQMXE
HMRGSPS HI GEVI EV 3 TYXYX ETVIE YRIPI VIZIRHMGVM XIVMXSVMEPI RXIQIMEXI.
'LMEV #M HYT GSPETWYP GSQYRMWQYPYM, R YRIPI 'VM HMR WJIVE HI MR4YIR'
QSWGSZMX HMVIGXMZE E JSWX ETPMGEX R GSRXMRYEVI. 7TVI I\IQTPY, R 6SQRME,
HYT VIZSPY'ME HMR HIGIQFVMI 1989, XIRHMR'IPI RE'MSREPMWXI EY VFYJRMX GY
JYVMI, HEV RY W-E QIVW TR PE HITYRIVIE YRSV IJSVXYVM GSRGVIXI, WYW'MRYXI,
TIRXVY VIYRM3GEVIE 'VMM GY XIVMXSVMMPI VSQRI#XM HI HMRGSPS HI 4VYX.
28. 8VIFYMI EGSVHEX S QEVI EXIR'MI GE RY GYQZE W I\MWXI VI'IPI HI
ET RIVEGSVHEXI PE VI'IEYE TVMRGMTEP R GEVXMIVIPI R GYVW HI VIGSRWXVYG'MI
WEY RSY GSRWXVYMXI. 'EREPM^EVIE ZIGLI #M JRXRMPI XVIFYMI PMGLMHEXI WMWXIQEXMG
TI TEVGYVW.
%TE IWXI IWIR'MEP TIRXVY WYTVEZMI'YMVIE SQYPYM. R GE^YP YRSV VIZSPXI
JSEVXI KVIY HI GSRXVEGEVEX, GSRXVSPYP EWYTVE VI'IPIPSV HI ET SJIVIE
TSWMFMPMXEXIE HIGPER#VMM YRSV EG'MYRM HMZIVWMSRMWX-XIVSVMWXI GY IJIGX GEXEWXVSJEP
EWYTVE MRWYVKIR'MPSV. 4IRXVY VIY#MXE XSXEP E EGIWXSV EG'MYRM IVE RIGIWEV GE
XSEXI VI'IPIPI HI ET WI 3I GSRIGXEXI PE YR WMWXIQ GIRXVEP, MEV WYVWIPI
MRHITIRHIRXI W 3I HMWXVYWI. (I JETX, QIXSHE IVE GYRSWGYX #M ETPMGEX, R
HMZIVWI ZEVMERXI, HI JSEVXI QYPX XMQT. 7TVI I\IQTPY, TSTSEVIPI HMR ZIGLMQI,
R JYKE PSV HMR GEPIE RZPMVMPSV FEVFEVI, EZIEY RXSXHIEYRE KVMN W
SXVZIEWG JRXRMPI. (I EWIQIRIE, I\MWXIR'E WMWXIQYPYM YRMG HI EPMQIRXEVI
GY ET JGIE TSWMFMP #M ETPMGEVIE EPXSV HMZIVWMYRM, GYQ EV 3 VWTRHMVIE
^ZSRYVMPSV TVMZMRH SXVZMVIE ETIM TSXEFMPI, GI EQTPM3GEY WXEVIE HI XIRWMYRI,
HI RIWMKYVER', JGRHY-M ZYPRIVEFMPM TI GIM ZM^E'M. R XMQTYP VIZSPY'MIM HMR
6SQRME EY JSWX YXMPM^EXI MRXIRW EWXJIP HI ^ZSRYVM.
29. 6IGSRWXVYG'ME SFMIGXMZIPSV MRHYWXVMEPI #M GSRWXVYG'ME GIPSV RSM WI ZSV
JEGI EZRH R ZIHIVI GE QEXIVMEPIPI VI^MHYEPI W 3I HMVMNEXI R HITS^MXIPI HI
ET GI EV TYXIE JSPSWM HVITX VI^IVZI HI ET TSXEFMP.
2Y RYQEM JRXRMPI #M WMWXIQIPI MRHITIRHIRXI HI EPMQIRXEVI GY ET
XVIFYMI HMWXVYWI, GM #M SVMGI EPX VI^IVZ TSXIR'MEP HI ET TSXEFMP. R EGIWX
WIRW IVE MQTYW TSPYEVIE PEGYVMPSV, E VYVMPSV, E TR^IPSV JVIEXMGI IXG.
30. R SVE#IPI VIGSRWXVYMXI WEY RSY-GSRWXVYMXI RY WI EHQMX R PSGYMR'I
WTE'MM I\GIHIRXEVI, GEVI EV TYXIE JSPSWM PE EHTSWXMVIE TI S TIVMSEH QEM
PYRK E ERMQEPIPSV WEY HITS^MXEVIE VI^IVZIPSV HI EPMQIRXI.
8SX R IZIRXYEPMXEXIE ETEVM'MIM YRSV QM#GVM HI VI^MWXIR' WEY E EPXSV
WMXYE'MM HI GVM^, XVIFYMI W 3I VIHYWI PE QE\MQYQ #ERWIPI HI WYTVEZMI'YMVI E
GIPSV GEVI PYTXEY QTSXVMZE WMWXIQYPYM.
31. RXVITVMRHIVMPI TVSTVMIXEXI TIVWSREP #M MRHYWXVME#MM ZSV TVMQM HSEV
EGIPI GERXMX'M HI QEXIVMM TVMQI #M YXMPENI GEVI W QTMIHMGI TVSHYG'ME HI
GEPMXEXI. 4VI'YP EGIWXSV QVJYVM W 3I QEM QEVI HIGX TVI'YP TVSHYWIPSV
WMQMPEVI EPI RXVITVMRHIVMPSV HI WXEX.
R YRIPI WXEXI WSGMEPMWXI EY QEM GSRXMRYEX, YR XMQT, W I\MWXI #M
RXVITVMRHIVM TEVXMGYPEVI. (EV IPI EY JSWX WYFQMREXI, TIRXVY E HE JEPMQIRX R
GIP QEM WGYVX XMQT TSWMFMP. %WIQIRIE GE^YVM IVEY ETSM JSPSWMXI HI TVSTEKERHE
GSQYRMWX GE I\IQTPI ZMM EPI WYTIVMSVMX'MM WMWXIQYPYM HI TVSHYG'MI WSGMEPMWX
JE' HI GIP GETMXEPMWX.
32. 8VIFYMI JEGMPMXEX I\XMRHIVIE TVSTVMIX'MM HI WXEX PE GIP QEM REPX KVEH
R XSEXI HSQIRMMPI. )WXI EHQMW GVMXMGEVIE EGXMZMX'MM SVKERIPSV EHQMRMWXVEXMZI,
RW RY WI EHQMXI RMGMHIGYQ WGHIVIE RYQIVMG E TIVWSREPYPYM #M RMGM
JYRG'MSREVIE PSV RSVQEP.
'SRXVSPYP WXEXYPYM, VIWTIGXMZ EP TEVXMHYPYM YRMG, XVIFYME MQTYW R EFWSPYX
XSEXI HSQIRMMPI. 4IRXVY E JEGMPMXE EGIWX PYGVY IVE RIGIWEV GVIEVIE YRYM YVME#
WMWXIQ FMVSGVEXMG, R GSXPSERIPI GVYME W WI TMEVH SVMGI VIZIRHMGEVI
VE'MSREP, SVMGI MRM'MEXMZ RIHSVMX, SVMGI QERMJIWXEVI HI MRHITIRHIR'.
7MWXIQYP FMVSGVEXMG TYXIE 3 GVMXMGEX, TIRXVY E HE RIQYP'YQM'MPSV MPY^ME G #M TSX
I\TVMQE PMFIV TVIVMPI, HEV RY XVIFYME QTMIHMGEX W JYRG'MSRI^I.
33. 8VIFYMI W WI EMF S QEVI KVMN HI XSEXI TVSMIGXIPI HI JEFVMGE'MI HMR
MRHYWXVME QMRMIV, VIWTIGXMZ HMR RXVITVMRHIVMPI MRHMGEXI R QSH WTIGMEP. % WI
QTMIHMGE ETVSZM^MSREVIE FYR E TMI'IM MRXIVRI.
4VKLMMPI IGSRSQMIM WSGMEPMWXI XVIFYMI TWXVEXI R QMRMPI GIPSV HI PE
'IRXVY. (MR RSY, S EXIR'MI WTIGMEP IWXI EGSVHEX MRHYWXVMIM QMRMIVI, TVIGYQ
#M GIPSVPEPXI WIGXSEVI TVMSVMXEVI. R GI TVMZI#XI TSTYPE'ME, EGIEWXE XVIFYME
QIR'MRYX PE PMQMXE WYF^MWXIR'IM. 3F'MRIVIE YRYM WXVMGX RIGIWEV TIRXVY ZME'E HI
^M GY ^M XVIFYME W HIZMR TVISGYTEVIE TIVQERIRX E 3IGVYM MRHMZMH, TIRXVY
E RY QEM EZIE XMQT W KRHIEWG. R EGIPE#M XMQT, WI GVIE TSWMFMPMXEXIE
VIGSQTIRWVMM GIPSV 3HIPM GY TIVQMWMYRIE HI E WI ETVSZM^MSRE TI 3PMIVI
TVIJIVIR'MEPI.
34. 8VIFYMI EGSVHEX S EXIR'MI HISWIFMX FMWIVMGMPSV. %GXMZMXEXIE GYPXYVEP-
IHYGEXMZ XVIFYMI EWXJIP HMVMNEX GE W VI^YPXI S ERXMTEXMI KIRIVEP QTSXVMZE
EGIWXSVE. ) RIGIWEV W 3I TYWI WYF SFWIVZE'MI XMTSKVE3MPI FMWIVMGI#XM,
EVLMZIPI, GSR'MRYXYP TVIHMGMPSV, EP GRXIGIPSV, EP IHYGE'MIM VIPMKMSEWI, HEV #M GIP
EP GIVIQSRMMPSV HI RQSVQRXEVI.
&MWIVMGE TYXIE SJIVM YR VIJYKMY, P TYXIE GSRIGXE TI MRHMZMH PE YR EPX
WMWXIQ HI ZEPSVM, PE S EPX ZM^MYRI EWYTVE I\MWXIR'IM, M TYXIE HE YR WTVMNMR
TIRXVY E VI^MWXE GIPSV QEM EWTVI RGIVGVM. &MWIVMGE XVIFYME ERMLMPEX, TIRXVY GE
WMRKYVE #XMMR' WEGV W VQR MHISPSKME GSQYRMWX.
35. (MR #GSPMPI IPIQIRXEVI, HI WTIGMEPMXEXI, HEV QEM EPIW HMR PMGII #M
JEGYPX'M XVIFYMI W 3I RPXYVE'M TVSJIWSVMM GEVI WI FYGYV HI TSTYPEVMXEXI.
0SGYVMPI PSV ZSV 3 SGYTEXI HI SEQIRM RYQM'M. 7 WI EREPM^I^I HMJIVIR'IPI
HMRXVI QEXIVMM, W 3I VIHYW GERXMXEXIE HI QEXIVMEP HSGYQIRXEV, MEV PE PMGII W
WI STVIEWG TVIHEVIE PMQFMPSV PEXMR #M KVIEG ZIGLI, E 3PSWS3IM KIRIVEPI, E
PSKMGMM #M KIRIXMGMM. 'Y SGE^ME TVIHVMM MWXSVMIM RY XVIFYMI EQMRXMX GEVI HMRXVI
HSQRMXSVM E WIVZMX WEY E ZVYX W WIVZIEWG FMRIPI 'VMM, GM XVIFYMI EVXEX
QM#IPME VIKMPSV #M PYTXE TSTSVYPYM EWYTVMX. R #GSPMPI HI WTIGMEPMXEXI XVIFYMI
MRXVSHYW WTIGMEPM^EVIE VIWXVRW.
4VSJIWSVMM GEVI WI FYGYV HI TSTYPEVMXEXI WYRX JSEVXI KVIY HI GSRXVSPEX.
%XIR'ME HISWIFMX GI PM WI EGSVH I QSXMZEX HI JETXYP G, PYGVRH GY XMRIVMM, PI
TSX JSVQE EGIWXSVE GSRGIT'MM #M EXMXYHMRM SWXMPI MHISPSKMIM GSQYRMWXI. 1EM QYPX,
EXMXYHMRMPI HITVMRWI PE S ZVWX JVEKIH EY #ERWI GSRWMHIVEFMPI W WI TWXVI^I
XSEX ZME'E. (I EGIIE WI MQTYRIE SFPMKEXSVMY RPSGYMVIE HEWGPMPSV TSTYPEVM GY
TSPMXVYGM GSRZMR#M. 1EXIVMEPYP HSGYQIRXEV JSPSWMX R TVSGIWYP HI RZ'QRX
XVIFYME W 3I VIHYW GX QEM QYPX TIRXVY E PI XVERWQMXI IPIZMPSV HSEV
VYHMQIRXI HI GYPXYV KIRIVEP, VYHMQIRXI TIVQMWI HI GIR^YVE VIKMQYPYM.
%HIZVEXE RZ'XYV YVQE W 3I GIE HMR QERYEPIPI HI WSGMEPMWQ #XMMR'M3G,
IGSRSQMI TSPMXMG, TVIGYQ #M HMR XSEXI GIPIPEPXI QERYEPI VIWGVMWI R GLIME
MHISPSKMIM GSQYRMWXI. 7XYHMYP PMQFMPSV PEXMR #M KVIEG ZIGLI XVIFYME MRXIV^MW R
PMGII TIRXVY E RY PI HE TSWMFMPMXEXIE IPIZMPSV W EMF EGGIW HMVIGX PE STIVIPI
YRSV QEVM KRHMXSVM EM PYQMM. *MPSWS3E KIRIVEP IVE MRXIV^MW, WMRKYVE 3PSWS3I
EHIZVEX 3MRH GIE QEV\MWX-PIRMRMWX; MRHMZMHYP RY XVIFYMI W EMF ZVIYR
XIVQIR HI GSQTEVE'MI TIRXVY E ENYRKI W-#M TYR RXVIFVM TIVMGYPSEWI. (I
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