Mc Lc

Trang
I. Gii thiu v nhm v bi tp ln thc hin. 2
II. Phn cng cng vic. 3
III.u! tr"nh thc hin. #
I$.%&t 'u(. #
$. Ti liu tham )h(*. +,
+
I. Gii thiu v nhm v bi tp ln thc hin.
I.1 Gii thiu v nhm.
T-n nhm . /GT3.
0p . 1T23%#4.
Thnh vi-n .
$5 Th6 Thu7 /ung
8ai $9n Gi!p
1* $9n Th6nh
:gu;<n Th6 =(* Th>
8ai $9n T?ng
I.2 ti thc hin.
1 ti thc hin . =i tp #.
1 bi .
@h* mAt mBng gCm 3 nDt nh> h"nh vE. :Dt +F 2F 3 l c!c hng GHi GIn
h*Bt GAng thJ* ngu;-n tKc LILM vi GA ln hng GHi %N2 gi. @ 3 luCng
OP liu G>Hc gQi 'ua mBng t>Ing Rng l ST+F /+UF ST2F /2U v ST3F /3U.
Tr*ng G Ti l nguCn ph!t OP liu cVn /i l GWch.
X>Yng nZi 0+ c Oung l>Hng l +8b[\F tr< lan tru;n +]]m\^ G>Yng
02 c Oung l>Hng ]F_8b[\F tr< lan tru;n 2]m\. @!c nguCn Ti Gu ph!t gi
vi GA Oi cZ G6nh l +22 b;tJF )h*(ng thYi gian giPa c!c gi tun thJ* phn
bZ P*i\\*n.
2
#.+. Gi( thi&t b9ng thng tZi Ga t`ng cAng m c!c luCng G>Hc chi&m tr-n mAt
)-nh tru;n vt la l bbng 42c Oung l>Hng )-nh tru;n. TWnh tZc GA + S

F
2 S

F 3 S

S)bit[\U Gd 3 luCng tr-n chia \e b9ng thng )-nh tru;n thJ*

ngu;-n la cng bbng cc GBi f cc tidu Smag h min iairnJ\\U.
#.2. /?ng )6ch b(n m phjng mBng tr-n vi tZc GA c!c luCng + S

F 2 S

F 3 S

Gk G>Hc tWnh t*!n tr*ng #.+. @hB; m phjng tr*ng +]]\.
#.3. $E GC th6 b9ng thng
U St r
i m c!c luCng ST+F /+UF ST2F /2U v ST3F /3U
\Q Olng. $E GC th6 tZc GA mmt gi
U St e
i cna 3 luCng ST+F /+UF ST2F /2U v
ST3F /3U tBi nDt 3.
II. Phn cn cn vic.
$5 Th6 Thu7 /ungF 1* $9n Th6nh .
T"m hidu c!ch thRc G* b9ng thngFvE GC th6 S\Q Olng ggraphU tr*ng
:T2.
:gu;<n Th6 =(* Th> .
T"m hidu v m h"nh cng bbng b9ng thng cc GBi f cc tidu v thut
t*!n t"m gi! tr6 b9ng thng tZi >u.S TWnh tZc GA + S

F 2 S

F 3 S

U.
8ai $9n Gi!pF 8ai $9n T?ng .
8 phjngF vi&t b!* c!* .
3
III. !u" t#$nh thc hin.
Tuon 2 . T"m hidu m h"nh cng bbng b9ng thng cc GBi f cc tidu v
thut t*!n t"m b9ng thng tZi >u.
Tuon 2f+2 . pqc ci Grt n\2 tr-n c;sin v c!c tha* t!c tr-n n\2.
Tuon +3 . $i&t ch>Ing tr"nh m phjng bbng n\2F vi&t b!* c!*.
I%. &'t (u).
*.1. +,nh t-c ./ ph"t i + S

0 2 S

0 3 S

12bit345 Gd 3 luCng OP liu tr*ng \I

GC mBng nh> h"nh tr-n chia \e b9ng thng )-nh tru;n thJ* ngu;-n la cng
bbng cc GBi f cc tidu Smag h min iairnJ\\U.
8Bng c 3 nDt +F2F3^ 2 li-n )&t S+F2U v S2F3U v 3 luCng S)&t nZiU lon
l>Ht l luCng + ST+F/+UF luCng 2 ST2F/2UF luCng 3 ST3F/3U. Tr*ng G li-n )&t
S+F2U c Oung l>Hng ]F_ 8bp\F li-n )&t S2F3U c Oung l>Hng + 8bp\. tp
Olng thut t*!n t"m b9ng thng tZi >u thJ* c!c b>c .
=>c +. Tmt c( c!c )&t nZi Gu c tZc GA ]F3 8bp\F )hi G li-n )&t
S2F3U bk* h* SGBt gi! tr6 cc GBiU v b9ng thng cna hai )&t nZi + v 3 Gi tr-n
li-n )&t n; G>Hc Grt u gi! tr6 ]F3 8bp\.
=>c 2. %&t nZi 2 G>Hc t9ng th-m mAt l>Hng b9ng thng l ]F# 8bp\
v GBt gi! tr6 ]F, 8bp\F li-n )&t S+F2U bk* h* v b9ng thng cna )&t nZi 2
Grt u gi! tr6 ]., 8=p\.
=>c 3 . 0Dc n; tmt c( c!c )&t nZi Gu Gk Gi 'ua nhPng li-n )&t bk*
h* SGidm nghEnU n-n gi(i thut Ovng lBi G; v )&t 'u( cna gi(i thut t"m
b9ng thng tZi >u l b9ng thng \Q Olng cna luCng +F3 l ]F3 8bp\ v cna
luCng 2 l ]F, 8bp\.
8rt )h!cF thJ* gi( thi&t b9ng thng tZi Ga t`ng cAng m c!c luCng
G>Hc chi&m tr-n mAt )-nh tru;n vt la l bbng 42c Oung l>Hng )-nh
#
tru;n n-n b9ng thng cna )&t nZi +F3 l ].42 w ].3 N ].2x2 S8bp\UF b9ng
thng cna )&t nZi 2 l ].42 w ]., N ]F__2 S8bp\U.
Tu; ra tZc GA ph!t gi cna c!c nguCn l .
+ S

N 3 S

N ].2x2 8bp\.
2 S

N ].__2 8bp\.
8 c!c nguCn Ti Gu ph!t gi vi GA Oi cZ G6nh +22 b;tJ
SN+22wxN+]]] bp\ ha; + %bp\U n-n + S

N 3 S

N ]F2x2w+]]] N 2x2 gi[\

S%bp\U F 2 S

N ]F__2w+]]] N __2 gi[\ S%bp\U.

*.2. 6n 27ch b)n m ph8n t#9n 1::4.
Tv 3.+ ta c nguCn T+ FT3 c tZc GA G&n trung b"nh + S

N 3 S

N 2x2
gi[\F nguCn T2 c tZc GA G&n trung b"nh l 2 S

N __2 gi[\.
TJt lambOa+ 2x2.]
TJt lambOa2 __2.]
%Wch th>c gi N +22 b;tJ .
TJt p)\iyJ +22.]
2
H1:Qu trnh m phng
@!c nDt ]F+F2 Rng vi c!c nguCn T+FT2FT3.
@!c nDt 3F#F2 Rng vi c!c GWch /+F/2F/3.
@!c nDt _F,Fx Rng vi c!c nDt n+Fn2Fn3.
_
*.;. %< .= th7 1 2't (u) m ph8n 4>u 1::4 5.
1C th6 b9ng thng cna c!c luCng ST+F/+UF ST2F/2UF ST3F/3U .
H2: th bng thng 3 ngun S1,S2,S3
???????? nguCn T+.
???????? nguCn T2.
???????? nguCn T3.
1C th6 tZc GA mmt gi cna 3 luCng OP liu tBi nDt 3.
H3: th tc m!t g"i
,
@*OJ cl thd nh> \au .
z@rJatJ a \imulat*r *b{Jct
\Jt n\ |nJs Timulat*r}
z/JiinJ OiiiJrJnt c*l*r\ i*r Oata il*s\
~n\ c*l*r + rJO
~n\ c*l*r 2 GrJJn
~n\ c*l*r 3 =luJ
z$ariablJ
\Jt lambOa+ 2x2.]
\Jt lambOa2 __2.]
\Jt p)\iyJ +22.]
zMpJn thJ TracJ iilJ
\Jt i] |*pJn *ut].tr s}
\Jt i+ |*pJn *ut+.tr s}
\Jt i2 |*pJn *ut2.tr s}
\Jt l] |*pJn l*\t].tr s}
\Jt l+ |*pJn l*\t+.tr s}
\Jt l2 |*pJn l*\t2.tr s}
zMpJn thJ nam tracJ iilJ
\Jt ni |*pJn =T0.nam s}
~n\ namtracJfall ~ni
x
pr*c iini\h
gl*bal n\ ni i] i+ i2
~n\ ilu\hftracJ
z@l*\J thJ *utput iilJ\
cl*\J ~i]
cl*\J ~i+
cl*\J ~i2
cl*\J ~ni
zgJcutJ nam *n thJ tracJ iilJ
JgJc nam =T0.nam
z@all ggraph t* Oi\pla; thJ rJ\ult\
JgJc ggraph *ut].tr *ut+.tr *ut2.tr fgJ*mJtr; x]]g#]] ft =anOiOth
fg \ f; 8bit[\
JgJc ggraph l*\t].tr l*\t+.tr l*\t2.tr fgJ*mJtr; x]]g#]] ft
0*\tPac)Jt fg \ f; Pac)Jt
Jgit ]

zta* ngu*n \+F\2F\3

\Jt \+ |~n\ n*OJ}
\Jt \2 |~n\ n*OJ}
\Jt \3 |~n\ n*OJ}
zta* Oich O+FO2FO3
\Jt O+ |~n\ n*OJ}
\Jt O2 |~n\ n*OJ}
\Jt O3 |~n\ n*OJ}
4
zta* nut n+Fn2Fn3
\Jt n+ |~n\ n*OJ}
\Jt n2 |~n\ n*OJ}
\Jt n3 |~n\ n*OJ}
zta* )Jt n*i giua cac nut
~n\ OuplJgflin) ~\+ ~n+ +8b +]m\ /r*pTail
~n\ OuplJgflin) ~\2 ~n+ +8b +]m\ /r*pTail
~n\ OuplJgflin) ~\3 ~n2 +8b +]m\ /r*pTail
~n\ OuplJgflin) ~O+ ~n3 +8b +]m\ /r*pTail
~n\ OuplJgflin) ~O2 ~n2 +8b +]m\ /r*pTail
~n\ OuplJgflin) ~O3 ~n3 +8b +]m\ /r*pTail
~n\ OuplJgflin) ~n+ ~n2 +8b +]]m\ /r*pTail
~n\ OuplJgflin) ~n2 ~n3 ]._8b 2]m\ /r*pTail
z\ap gJp cac nut
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~\+ ~n+ *riJnt rightfO*sn
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~\2 ~n+ *riJnt rightfup
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~\3 ~n2 *riJnt O*sn
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~n+ ~n2 *riJnt right
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~n2 ~n3 *riJnt right
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~O+ ~n3 *riJnt lJitfup
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~O2 ~n2 *riJnt up
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~O3 ~n3 *riJnt lJitfO*sn
+]
zOat )ich thu*c hang O*i
~n\ 'uJuJflimit ~n+ ~n2 2
~n\ 'uJuJflimit ~n2 ~n3 2
z@rJatJ a /P agJnt anO attach it t* n*OJ \+
\Jt uOp] |nJs gJnt[/P}
~uOp] \Jt cla\\3 +
~n\ attachfagJnt ~\+ ~uOp]
z@rJatJ a /P agJnt anO attach it t* n*OJ \2
\Jt uOp+ |nJs gJnt[/P}
~uOp+ \Jt cla\\3 2
~n\ attachfagJnt ~\2 ~uOp+
z@rJatJ a /P agJnt anO attach it t* n*OJ \3
\Jt uOp2 |nJs gJnt[/P}
~uOp2 \Jt cla\\3 3
~n\ attachfagJnt ~\3 ~uOp2
z@rJatJ a Tin) agJnt Sa traiiic \in)U anO attach it t* n*OJ Og
\Jt \in)] |nJs gJnt[0*\\8*nit*r}
~n\ attachfagJnt ~O+ ~\in)]
\Jt \in)+ |nJs gJnt[0*\\8*nit*r}
~n\ attachfagJnt ~O2 ~\in)+
\Jt \in)2 |nJs gJnt[0*\\8*nit*r}
~n\ attachfagJnt ~O3 ~\in)2
++
z@*nnJct thJ traiiic \*urcJ\ sith thJ traiiic \in)
~n\ c*nnJct ~uOp] ~\in)]
~n\ c*nnJct ~uOp+ ~\in)+
~n\ c*nnJct ~uOp2 ~\in)2
z8*nit*r thJ 'uJuJ i*r thJ lin)
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~n+ ~n2 'uJuJP*\ ].2
~n\ OuplJgflin)f*p ~n2 ~n3 'uJuJP*\ ].2
\Jt IntJrrrivalTimJ+ |nJs anO*m$ariablJ[gp*nJntial}
~IntJrrrivalTimJ+ \Jt avg3 |Jgpr +[~lambOa+}
\Jt IntJrrrivalTimJ2 |nJs anO*m$ariablJ[gp*nJntial}
~IntJrrrivalTimJ2 \Jt avg3 |Jgpr +[~lambOa2}
zTJnO pac)Jt
pr*c \JnOpac)Jt]
gl*bal n\ uOp] IntJrrrivalTimJ+ p)\iyJ
\Jt timJ |~n\ n*s}
~n\ at |Jgpr ~timJ |~IntJrrrivalTimJ+ valuJ}} \JnOpac)Jt]
~uOp] \JnO ~p)\iyJ

pr*c \JnOpac)Jt+
gl*bal n\ uOp+ IntJrrrivalTimJ2 p)\iyJ
\Jt timJ |~n\ n*s}
~n\ at |Jgpr ~timJ |~IntJrrrivalTimJ2 valuJ}} \JnOpac)Jt+
~uOp+ \JnO ~p)\iyJ
+2

pr*c \JnOpac)Jt2
gl*bal n\ uOp2 IntJrrrivalTimJ+ p)\iyJ
\Jt timJ |~n\ n*s}
~n\ at |Jgpr ~timJ |~IntJrrrivalTimJ+ valuJ}} \JnOpac)Jt2
~uOp2 \JnO ~p)\iyJ

pr*c rJc*rObs
gl*bal \in)] \in)+ \in)2 i] i+ i2
zGJt an in\tancJ *i thJ \imulat*r
\Jt n\ |Timulat*r in\tancJ}
zTJt thJ timJ aitJr shich thJ pr*cJOurJ \h*ulO bJ callJO again
\Jt timJ ].+
zp*s man; b;tJ\ havJ bJJn rJcJivJO b; thJ traiiic \in)\
\Jt bs] |~\in)] \Jt b;tJ\3}
\Jt bs+ |~\in)+ \Jt b;tJ\3}
\Jt bs2 |~\in)2 \Jt b;tJ\3}
zGJt thJ currJnt timJ
\Jt n*s |~n\ n*s}
z@alculatJ thJ banOsiOth Sin 8=it[\U anO sritJ it t* thJ iilJ\
put\ ~i] ~n*s |Jgpr ~bs][~timJwx[+]]]]]]}
put\ ~i+ ~n*s |Jgpr ~bs+[~timJwx[+]]]]]]}
put\ ~i2 ~n*s |Jgpr ~bs2[~timJwx[+]]]]]]}
zJ\Jt thJ b;tJ\3 valuJ\ *n thJ traiiic \in)\
~\in)] \Jt b;tJ\3 ]
+3
~\in)+ \Jt b;tJ\3 ]
~\in)2 \Jt b;tJ\3 ]
zJf\chJOulJ thJ pr*cJOurJ
~n\ at |Jgpr ~n*s~timJ} rJc*rObs

pr*c rJc*rOl*\t
gl*bal \in)] \in)+ \in)2 l] l+ l2
zGJt an in\tancJ *i thJ \imulat*r
\Jt n\ |Timulat*r in\tancJ}
zTJt thJ timJ aitJr shich thJ pr*cJOurJ \h*ulO bJ callJO again
\Jt timJ ].+
zp*s man; pac)Jt havJ bJJn l*\t
\Jt l*\t] |~\in)] \Jt nl*\t3}
\Jt l*\t+ |~\in)+ \Jt nl*\t3}
\Jt l*\t2 |~\in)2 \Jt nl*\t3}
zGJt thJ currJnt timJ
\Jt n*s |~n\ n*s}
z@alculatJ numbJr *i pac)Jt l*\t
put\ ~l] ~n*s |Jgpr ~l*\t]}
put\ ~l+ ~n*s |Jgpr ~l*\t+}
put\ ~l2 ~n*s |Jgpr ~l*\t2}
zJ\Jt thJ nl*\t3 valuJ\ *n thJ traiiic \in)\
~\in)] \Jt nl*\t3 ]
~\in)+ \Jt nl*\t3 ]
~\in)2 \Jt nl*\t3 ]
zJf\chJOulJ thJ pr*cJOurJ
+#
~n\ at |Jgpr ~n*s~timJ} rJc*rOl*\t

zTchJOulJ JvJnt\ i*r thJ @= agJnt\

~n\ at ].] rJc*rObs
~n\ at ].] rJc*rOl*\t
~n\ at ].+ \JnOpac)Jt]
~n\ at ].+ \JnOpac)Jt+
~n\ at ].+ \JnOpac)Jt2
z@all thJ iini\h pr*cJOurJ
~n\ at +]] iini\h
zun thJ \imulati*n
~n\ run
*.*. &'t lun.
Tau 3 lon chB; m phjng ta thu G>Hc )&t 'u( cna 3 lon Gu giZng
nhau .
=9ng thng cna 3 luCng )hi m phjng h*n t*n ph? hHp vi )&t 'u(
tWnh t*!n tr-n la thu;&t.
TZc GA mmt gi trung b"nh cna luCng ST3F/3U l thmp nhmt Sln nhmt
ch c +3 gi[\U O* ch ph(i Gi 'ua 2 nDt n2Fn3 v c tZc GA OVng bit
trung b"nh thmp ].2x2 8bp\ .
Tu; c tZc GA OVng bit trung b"nh bbng vi luCng ST3F/3U nh>ng
luCng ST+F/+U c tZc GA mmt gi trung b"nh ca* hIn Sln nhmt l
22gi[\U \* vi luCng ST3F/3U v" ph(i Gi 'ua c( 3 nDt n+Fn2Fn3.
+2
8rc O? ch Gi 'ua 2 nDt n+Fn2 nh>ng luCng ST2F/2Uc tZc GA mmt gi
trung b"nh ca* nhmtS ln nhmt l 2_gi[\U l O* tZc GA OVng bit trung
b"nh cna luCng ST2F/2U ca* hIn \* vi 2 luCng cVn lBi.
+_
%. +i liu th>m 2h)9.
http.[[sss.i\i.JOu[n\nam[n\[tut*rial[inOJg.html.
http.[[nilJ.spi.JOu[:T[.
http.[[sssf\*p.inria.ir[maJ\tr*[pJr\*nnJl[itan.ltman[@MTf:T[n3.pOi.
http.[[sss.i\i.JOu[n\nam[n\[tut*rial[n\\cript#.html.
http.[[sss.i\i.JOu[n\nam[n\[n\fbuilO.html.
http.[[sss.i\i.JOu[n\nam[n\[n\fpr*blJm\.html.
http.[[sss.\vb)*l.*rg[i*rum[\h*sthrJaO.phptN+++]_.
+,