1

2.4 ( )
1. , x 0 ,. x
f x 2 x 3 0.0012

f 0 3

3 0.0012 2 x 3 3 0.0012
0.0012 2 x 0.0012
0.0006 x 0.0006
x 0.0006
(-0.0006, 0.0006).
2. . f x L 0 x a

x2 4
Lim
4, 0.05
x2 x 2
L 4, a 2
x2 4
4 0.05
x2

x 2x 2 4

x2
0.05

x 2 4 x 2 0.05

x2 x 1
.
x 0 3 x
3

3. .2.4.1 lim

: >0 .

f x L x a , .. 0 x .

0 .

| f ( x) L |
x2 x 1
xx 1 1
x 11


x 3 3
3x
3
3x
3
3
0 0 3 0 ,

f x L x a .

4. N :

f ( x) L , x N , lim
x

4x 1
2, 0.1
2x 5

:
4x 1
2 0.1
2x 5
4 x 1 4 x 10
0.1
2x 5
11
0.1
(2 x 5)
11 (2 x 5) 0.1 11 0.2 x 0.5 0.2 x 11.5 x 57.5 N 57.5
4x 1
2.
x 2 x 5

5. . 2.4.2: lim

: M>0 .

f x L x>M.

0 .
4x 1
2
2x 5
4 x 1 4 x 10
11


2x 5
2x 5

11
11 2 x 5
2x 5

2 x 11 5 x

11 5
11
5

M
2
2 2

0 0

f x L x>M.

11 5
,
2 2

1
.
x 3 ( x 3) 2

6. : lim

: >0 >0 . f(x)> ,

x a , .. 0 x 3 .
>0 e .

1
1
1
1
.
M ( x 3) 2
x3

2
M
( x 3)
M
M
M 0 >0

1
M

, f(x)>

xa .

1
.
x 3 ( x 3) 2

7. : lim

: N<0 >0 . f(x)<N

x a , .. 0 x 3 .
N<0 e .

1
1
1
N
N ( x 3) 2
x 3
2
2
N
( x 3)
( x 3)

1
N

N 0 N<0

1
N

1
N

, f(x)<N

xa .

8. lim
x 3

2
.
x3

: M>0 >0 . f(x)>M

0 x 3 .
M>0 e .

2
x 3 1
2
2
.
M

x 3

x3
2
M
M
M

M 0 M 0

2
, f(x)>M
M

0 x 3 .

9. Lim
x 2

3
.
x2

: N<0 >0 . f(x)<N

0 x 2 , .. 2 x
N<0 e .

3
3
2 x
1
3
3
.
N
N

2 x

x2
( x 2)
3
N
N
N
N<0, N<0

3
, f(x)<N
N

0 x 2 , .. 2 x .

2.5
1. f . , , f
?
) [1,3];

) (1,3);

) [1,2];

) (1,2);

) [2,3];

) (2,3).

50

5
40

4
3

30

20

1
10

1.5

2.5

3
0.5

: (1,2), (2,3)

1.5

2.5

3.5

: (1,3), (1,2), (2,3).

2. :

 1
) x=3,
) x=3, x=3
) x=3, x=3 f(3)=1 f
(3)=0 x=3
) f [0,3) [0,3] f [0,3]
)

 1
3. x, f (x) .

f ( x)

x
x 3

|x|- 3 = 0
|x|= 3
x = -3 x = 3 (..
, x =3 x =-3).

4. ( ), f

7 x 2, x 1

(x) : f ( x)

2
k x , x 1

, .. lim f ( x) lim f ( x) f (1) 5

x1

x1

lim f ( x) lim (7 x 2) 5

x1

x1

lim f ( x) lim (kx2 ) k

x1

x1

k = 5.
5. ( ) f ( x)

1
x4 7x2 1

e .

1.
f(x)=?

x4 7x2 1 0
x4 7x2 1 0
x 4 7 x 2 1
x.
x ..

x4 7x2 1 0

j x, x 4 7 x 2 1 0 , D f ( , ) .
2.
. ?

lim f ( x) =?, lim f ( x) lim

xc

xc

xc

1
x 7x 1
4

1
c 7c 1
4

f (c ) .

,
.
3.
,
, .. .

2.6

1. a) lim

x0

sin x
sin x
sin x
lim
lim
1
x 0 x
x 0
x
x

x 2 3 sin x
x2
sin x
) lim
lim
3 lim
3
x0
x0 x
x 0 x
x

2. :
) lim sin( 2 3x) lim sin y sin 72 1.
x

) lim
t

7
y
2

16 cos 2t Lim 3 y 2.
y 8

3. :

lim

x sin x

lim

.
x sin x

lim sin(t t ) lim sin(t t ) lim sin1 t 1, t x

t 0

t 0

sin(x)
.
x 1 x 1

4. : lim

t 0

sin(x)
sin(t )
lim
lim sin t lim sin t 1
x1 x 1
t 0
t 0
t 0
t
t
t

lim

5. :
) lim

x 0

sin 3x
5x

sin 3x
sin 3x 3
sin 3x 3
sin 3x
3
3 3
lim
lim
lim
lim . 1 .
x0 5 x
x0 5 x
3 x0 3x 5 x0 3x x0 5
5 5

lim

cos 4 x 1
x 0
x
cos 4 x 1
cos 4 x 1 4
cos 4 x 1 4
cos 4 x 1
4
lim
lim
lim
lim
lim 0 4 0.
x0
x0
x0 1
x
x
4 x0
4x
1 x0
4x

) lim

cos 2 t 1
t 0
t

) lim

cos 2 t 1
(1 cos 2 t )
sin 2 t
sin 2 t t
sin 2 t
t
lim
lim
lim
lim
lim 1 0 0.
2
t 0
t 0
t 0
t 0
t 0 1
t
t
t
t
t t 0 t

lim

tg 2 y
y 0 5 y

) lim

tg 2 y
sin 2 y
2
sin 2 y
1
2
2
lim

lim
lim

11
.
y 0 5 y
y 0 5 y cos 2 y
5 y 0
5
5
2 y y0 cos 2 y

lim

sin y tgy
y 0
y

) lim

sin y tgy
sin y
tgy
sin y
sin y
1
lim
lim
1 lim
1 lim
lim
1 1 1 0.
y 0
y 0 y
y 0 y
y 0 y cos y
y 0
y
y y0 cos y

lim

sin 2 x
) lim
x 0 1 cos x
sin 2 x
1 cos 2 x
(1 cos x)(1 cos x)
(1 cos x)
lim
lim
lim
2.
x0 1 cos x
x0 1 cos x
x0
x0
1 cos x
1

lim

1 cos 3x
x 0 sin 3 x

) lim

1 cos 3x
1 cos 3x 3x
1 cos 3x
3x
lim

lim
lim
0 1 0 .
x0 sin 3x
x0 sin 3x
x0 sin 3x
3x x0
3x

lim

6. lim x sin
x 0

1
0.
x

1
1
1
1

1 ( x 0) : x x sin x i ( x 0) : x x sin x : x x sin x .

x
x
x
x

1
lim x 0 lim x 0 , lim x sin 0.
x 0
x 0
x 0
x

1 sin

7. ) x=cosx
[0,/2].
) [0,/2].
) 3 .
) f(x)=x-cosx, f(x) . f(0)=-1<0, f(Pi/2)=Pi/2>0, k=0,
x-cosx =0, x=cosx,
[0,/2].
1.5
1.25
1
0.75
0.5
0.25

0.25

0.5

0.75

1.25

1.5

[0,/2].
) f(x)= x-cosx=0, [0,/2], : |x-x0|0.0005
f(x)=x-cosx, f(0)=-1<0, f(Pi/2)=Pi/2>0
-

, 0.001
,
, 0.0005.

 1
[0,/2] 10 Pi/20,
f(a)f(b)<0.
, ..
, 10
Pi/200.

0.001 .
x
F(x)

0
-1

/20
-0.83

2/20
-0.64

3/20
-0.42

4/20
-0.18

5/20
0.078

6/20
0.355

7/20
0.646

8/20
0.948

9/20
1.257

10/20
/2

X0 [4/20,5/20]
x
f(x)

4/200

41/200

42/200

43/200

44/200

45/200

46/200

47/200

48/200

-0.18

-0.156

-0.13

-0.105

-0.079

-0.054

-0.028

-0.001

0.025

X0 [47/200, 48/200]
...
X0=0.739085..0.739.