HVAC Duct Construction

Bob Wasilewski
Project Manager, Technical Resources
SMACNA
HVAC Duct Construction
Standards
WHAT?
WHY?
HOW?
Today's Program
1
st
2
nd
Edition HVAC-DCS
Review Joints and Limitations
Transverse Joints & Reinforcements
Use of the Pressure Class Tables
Tie Rod Addendum
Documents Preceding 2nd Edition
HVAC-DCS
Low Velocity Systems Duct Manual
First Edition 1959
Second Edition 1963
Third Edition 1967
Low Velocity Duct Construction Standard
1969
Documents Preceding 2nd Edition
HVAC-DCS
Low Pressure Duct Construction Standard
Fifth Edition 1976
High Velocity Duct Systems Manual
First Edition 1965
High Velocity Duct Construction Standards
Second Edition 1969
Documents Preceding 2nd Edition
HVAC-DCS
High Pressure Duct Construction Standards
Third Edition 1975
Duct Liner Application Standard
First Edition 1971
Second Edition 1975
Documents Preceding 2nd Edition
HVAC-DCS
Flexible Duct Installation Standards
First Edition 1979
Second Edition 1980
HVAC Duct Construction Standards --
Metal and Flexible
First Edition 1985
Major Changes from First Edition
GENERAL
Text edited to be more reader-friendly
Reading aids added
Static pressure only as the basis for duct
construction classification -- velocity
levels deleted (Table 1-1)
Major Changes from First Edition
Chapter 7 revised to facilitate use for
equivalent and comparable tests and ratings
Model project specification added
Reminders to designers to show all required
fire, smoke, radiation and volume control
dampers on contract drawings are accented
Major Changes from First Edition
Boiler breeching omitted
Volume damper construction is more
specific
Lead radiation shielding added
Metrics are included
Air terminal runouts and supports are
revised
Major Changes from First Edition
RECTANGULAR DUCT REVISIONS
Negative pressure construction given for
4", 6", and 10" w.g.
Six feet reinforcement schedules added
Reinforcement schedules extended to 120"
width
Major Changes from First Edition
Tie rod alternatives expanded for both
positive and negative pressures
TDC and TDF joint systems included and
rated as T-25a and T-25b joints
T-24a joint added as a modification of T-24
Major Changes from First Edition
Use of 26 gage added for 4", 6" and 10"
pressures
Trapeze hanger tables expanded to cover
the 120" width range
Duct liner pin schedule adjusted
Infrequently used joints (T-4, 8, 17, 18,
19, 20 and 23) omitted
Major Changes from First Edition
Round, Flexible and Oval Duct Revisions
Duct pressure classes revised to be positive
and negative at 2", 4" and 10" w.g.
Crimped joint connection length changed
from 1" to 2"
Rectangular branch taps into round added
for straight or 45 degree lead-in-entry
Major Changes from First Edition
Type 1 reinforcement of oval duct now has
an internal tie rod (based on ASHRAE test
program)
Maximum support spacing for round
flexible duct and connector changed from
10 feet to 5 feet
Additional riser support details are
provided
DUCT SYSTEMS
SIZINGS
FITTINGS, ETC.
FIRE/SMOKE
PROTECTION
CODE
COMPLIANCE
DUCT
CONSTRUCTION
CODE
COMPLIANCE
SMACNA
HVAC-DCS
2
ND
ED. 1995
INSPECTION
CODE
COMPLIANCE
DUCT SYSTEMS
ENGINEER
Design Considerations:
CFM
Static Pressure
Duct Size
Fitting Type
Construction Pressure
Class
CONTRACTOR
Construction Considerations:
Panel Thickness (Gage)
Pressure Class (as specified)
Panel Width/Height
Joint Type/Spacing
Intermediate Reinforcement
Type/Spacing
DEPENDENT VARIABLES
REGULAR DUCTS
+10% +7.5%
Tolerance: Tolerance:
1" on 85"-120"
Class Rating + 25% 3/4" on 25"-84"
Field: 5/8"on 19"-24" 49"-120"
1/2" on 13"-18" W/200 on
Class Rating + 50% 3/8" on 12" Dn. 1/4" on 48" w.
Lab: Sheet: Joint and Reinf.
Maximum Test
Pressure
Maximum Deflection
Duct Systems
Used for the movement of air in
HVAC/Exhaust systems
Ducts are classified based on maximum
operating pressure
0.5" w.g. positive or negative
1.0" w.g. positive or negative
2.0" w.g. positive or negative
Duct Systems (Continued)
Ducts are classified based on maximum
operating pressure
3.0" w.g. positive or negative
4.0" w.g. positive or negative
6.0" w.g. positive or negative
10.0" w.g. positive or negative
TABLE 1-2
STANDARD DUCT SEALING REQUIREMENTS
EXAMPLE 1
Duct Size 24" x 24"
Pressure Class 2" w.g.
Sheet Stock
Joints/Reinforcements 8 ft / 4 ft
Standing S
EXAMPLE 2
Duct Size 42" x 24"
Pressure Class 3" w.g.
5 ft Coil Line
Joints/Reinforcements 5 ft / 2 ft
TDC or TDF
MIDPANEL TIE ROD (MPT)
" w.g. - 6" w.g.
37" - 96"
Duct Dimension
Rectangular Duct
Mid Panel Tie Rod Addendum
Joints All
Tie Rods Threaded Rod or
Tubing/Conduit with Threaded Insert
Additional Application Tables,
Qualifications and Reader Aids Included
FIGURE 1-3 TIE ROD ATTACHMENTS
FIGURE 1-4 TRANSVERSE (GIRTH) JOINTS
FIGURE 1-4 TRANSVERSE (GIRTH) JOINTS
FIGURE 1-4A SPECIAL JOINT PROFILES
FIGURE 1-5 LONGITUDINAL SEAMS
RECTANGULAR DUCT
TABLE 1-24 UNREINFORCED DUCT (WALL THICKNESS)
TABLE 1-25
T-1 FLAT DRIVE ACCEPTED AS REINFORCEMENT
FIGURE 1-7 UNREINFORCED DUCT
FIGURE 1-8 CROSSBROKEN DUCT & BEADED DUCT
FIGURE 1-9 DUCT REINFORCED ON TWO SIDES
FIGURE 1-10 DUCT REINFORCED ON ALL SIDES
FIGURE 1-12 DUCT OVER 120" (3048 MM) WIDE
FIGURE 1-15 CORNER CLOSURES - FLANGES
FIGURE 2-22 DUCT LINER INTERRUPTION
TABLE 3-2A ROUND DUCT GAGE UNREINFORCED POSITIVE
PRESSURE
TABLE 3-2B ROUND DUCT GAGE NEGATIVE PRESSURE
FIGURE 3-1 SEAMS ROUND DUCT AND FITTINGS
FIG. 3-2 TRANSVERSE JOINTS ROUND DUCT
FIGURE 3-6 FLAT OVAL DUCTS
FIGURE 3-9 FLEXIBLE DUCT SUPPORTS
FIGURE 3-10 FLEXIBLE DUCT SUPPORTS
TABLE 4-1 RECTANGULAR DUCT HANGERS MIN. SIZE
TABLE 4-2 MINIMUM HANGER SIZES FOR ROUND DUCT
FIGURE 4-4 LOWER HANGER ATTACHMENTS
Questions
&
Answers