BI TIU LUN MN: L THUYT TO HNH B MT

GV: Phng Xun Sn

HV: Nguyn c Li
Lp: CHCK1-Kha 3, t 2.
Trong mt cp l dao phay ln rng, Bnh rng nghing/ Yu cu:
(ghi ch: s rng ca bnh rng mi ngi chn 1 s: 10, 20, 25, 30, 32.)
Xc nh Tham s B mt ca chi tit, v b mt khi thy ca dng c
4.1. Cc tham s b mt danh nh chi tit bnh rng tr rng nghing
Trong h ta thun xyz gn vi chi tit, v tr mt u ca profin BC ca b mt tr
nm trong mt phng x0y. mi im ca n, profin BC c trng bi cc tham s r, , , (hnh 4.1).
Z
X

B
A1

Hnh 4.1. Cc tham s b mt tr bnh rng nghing

Tt c cc tham s ny hon ton trng vi cc tham s tit din mt u ca mt vt,
nn ta c:
Mi quan h gia tham s p v gc nghing trn hnh tr c bn knh no nh
sau:
r
p=
(4.1)
tg
gii quyt vn to hnh chi tit mi im tnh ton profin BC ca n, cn phi
bit c cc tham s sau: Cc ta cc r v ; gc gia tip tuyn vi profin v hng
ca bn knh vect OA thng c gi l gc p lc; bn knh cong profin . Ta quy c
rng du ca l dng nu bn knh OA quay i tng i vi trc x theo chiu kim ng

h. Du ca l dng nu ng tip tuyn quay i tng i vi bn knh OA theo chiu

kim ng h (du ca o hm bc nht), du ca l dng nu ng OO quay tng
i so vi bn knh OA theo chiu kim ng h.
Nh vy b mt rng ca chi tit trong h ta cho c xc nh bi h phng
trnh sau:
x = r cos( + )

(4.2)
y = rsin( + )
z = p

y l gc quay ca profile b mt rng so vi v tr ban u. Gc c du

dng nu khi hnh thnh ra b mt rng, profile quay theo chiu kim ng h.
Nu profile b mt rng cho trong mt phng chiu trc (y=0) bi cc tham s r, z, a,
a (hnh 4.2) th cc tham s , v trong mt phng u c xc nh bng cch sau:
Thay y = 0 vo phng trnh (4.2) ta c:
x = r

z
(4.3)

= p

Gc nghing ca tip tuyn ti im kho st ca profile trong mt phng u c

xc nh theo cng thc bit trong hnh hc vi phn:
r
tg =
dr
(4.4)
d
Cn gc nghing a ca ng tip tuyn ti im kho st trong profile dc trc c
xc nh nh sau:
dz
tg a =
(4.5)
dr
Ly vi phn phng trnh (4.3) ta nhn c:
d
1
=
(4.6)
dz
p
Khi gii 3 phng trnh (4.4), (4.5), (4.6) ta nhn c:
r
tg = tg a
(4.7)
p
Bn knh cong im kho st ca profile mt u ca b mt rng c xc nh
theo cng thc:
3/2
2 dr 2
r +

(4.8)
=
2
d r
dr
r2 + 2
r 2
d
d
Cn bn knh cong a im kho st ca profile dc trc ca b mt rng c xc nh theo
cng thc:

3/2

dz 2
1 +
dr
(4.9)
a =
d 2z
dr 2
dr
dz
Cc vi phn bc nht
v
c trong cc cng thc trn c xc nh tng
d
dr
d 2r
d 2z
ng t cc phng trnh (4.4) v (4.5). Cn cc vi phn bc hai
v
nhn c
d 2
dr 2
bng cch ly vi phn cc phng trnh (4.4) v (4.5):

1 d
r 1
d 2z
1 d a

2
2
cos d ; 2 =
d r

=
dr
cos 2 a dr
2
2
d
tg
d
d a
xc nh lin h gia cc vi phn
v
, ly vi phn phng trnh (4.7) theo
d
d
tham s :
d a
p cos 2 a d
=
d
r cos 2 d
d 2r d 2 z d a
Thay vo (4.8) v (4.9) cc i lng
;
;
nhn c t 3 phng trnh
d 2 dr 2 d
dr dz
d
cui v cc gi tr
;
v
t cc phng trnh (4.4), (4.5) v (4.6). Tip tc gii cc
d dr
dz
phng trnh ny bng cch kh d , sau khi bin i ta c h thc:
r2
=
p 2 sin 3
(4.10)
r sin (2 sin 2 )
3
a sin a
4.2. Cc tham s ca b mt khi thy dng c
B mt khi thu cc dao phay ln rng l b mt vt ca trc vt khi thu (trc vt c s) to
thnh dao phay ln rng trn trc vt c s c cc rnh dc thot phoi v to thnh mt trc v cc mt
sau ht lng to thnh gc sau dng, li ct l giao tuyn ca mt trc v mt sau. V nguyn l bnh
rng thn khai ch n khp ng vi trc vt thn khai tm profin li ct cn phi xc nh phng trnh
ca mt trc (mt 2); phng trnh ca mt vt c bn (mt 1) v giao tuyn ca 2 b mt l profin cn
tm. Nhng mt sau dao phay phi to thnh gc sau dng nn mt sau khng th l mt ca trc vt c bn
m l mt xon Acsimet, m bo cho profin li ct khi mi sc li (khi thay i v tr ca mt trc)
khng thay i hoc thay i khng ng k th mt sau phi c ht lng hng trc.

Nhng cho n nay vic ht lng hng trc dao phay ln rng rt kh thc hin v
vy nn thit k dao phay trn c s trc vt khi thu l trc vt thn khai, trong thc t vn
khng m bo c profin li ct chnh xc m vic ch to rt kh khn do dao phay ln rng

thng c ch to theo phng php gn ng m bo chnh xc profin li ct theo yu cu k thut

cho php. Cc phng php ch to gn ng da trn c s thay th trc vt c bn thn khai chnh xc bng
cc trc vt gn ng v m bo ch to thun tin.

Cc tham s trc vt c s
D thy rng tt c cc trc vt trong trng hp tng qut u l cc chi tit c cc
rng dng vt vi s rng ny bng s u mi ren ca trc vt. V vy b mt trc vt c s
c th c xc nh bng cc tham s tng t vi cc tham s xc nh chi tit rng gia
cng c dng rng vt.
Ta gn trc vt c s vi h ta thun X vYvZv sao cho trc vt trng vi trc Z v
(hnh 4.) v chng ta coi v tr ban u ca profin B vCv nm trong mt phng u XvOvZv.
Profin BvCv m im tnh ton Av c c trng bi cc ta cc rv v v, gc v gia
ng tip tuyn vi profin v bn knh vct O vAv, bn knh cong v. Cng nh i vi chi
tit rng c gia cng, ta quy c rng du ca v dng nu bn knh OvAv quay tng i
vi trc Xv theo chiu kim ng h; du ca v dng nu ng tip tuyn qua tng i
vi bn knh vct OvAv theo chiu kim ng h (du ca o hm bc nht

d v
), du ca
drv

v dng nu ng thng OvO quay tng i vi bn knh vct O vAv theo chiu kim
ng h.

Sv-Sv
Xv

<0
Bv

0'v

0
v<
v

Av

rv
Yv

Cv
0v

Sa
Sa-Sa

Zv

za<0

Yv

va

tva

Zv

Ava

0v

Sv

rv

Yv

0v
Ava

Sv

Sa

Hnh 4.2. Cc tham s trc vt c s

Chuyn ng vt ca profin trc vt c s c c trng bi bc dc trc t va hay
tham s vt pv, hay gc nng ca ng vt trn hnh tr c bn knh r v. Quan h gia cc
tham s ny c biu din bi cc h thc sau:
tva

2
pv = rvtg
pv =

Di y khi a ra cc biu thc quan h, chng ta s coi chuyn ng vt ca

profin c cho bi tham s vt pv v du ca pv l dng i vi trc vt phi, l m i vi
trc vt tri.
Khi thit k dng c dng trc vt thng cn phi xc nh tham s profin B vaCva ca
trc vt c s trong tit din dc trc. Cc tham s ny l cc ta r v v zv, gc Profin va v
bn knh cong va. Quan h gia cc tham s trn vi cc tham s trc vt v, v, v trong tit
din mt u trc vt c m t bi h thc tng ng vi cc h thc sau y:

= zv
v
pv

rv

tg v = tg va
pv

rv 2
v =
p 2 sin 3 v

rv sin v (2 sin 2 v ) v

va sin 3 va

Bc gc lp profin ca trc vt c c c th c cho gia cc im no ca

profin ny. Khi ln bc gc l khng i:

v =

2
zv

Bc gc v v bc dc trc tv c quan h:
tv = pvv
* m bo thun tin trong qu trnh ch to trc vt c bn thn khai chnh xc c thay th
bng trc vt Conlovoit v so vi trc vt Acsimet, trc vt Conlovoit d mi sc phn ht lng ca dao sau
nguyn cng tin, giao tuyn ca mt xon vt l mt mt phng vung gc hoc rnh vt l ng thng do
c th dng li ct ct to thnh. Trc vt ny c th kim tra profin d dng.

i vi trc vt Conlovoit, ta c:

v = vv
y sin vv =

rvtgv 0 cos vv + zv 0
pv
rv 0
rv

tg v = tgvv

rvtgv 0
pv cos vv

rv
sin v
=
2
cos v 2rvtgv 0 cos vv
1
1 +

cos 2 vv
pv tg v