Buatlah grafik perubahan pH vs Volume titran jika dilakukan titrasi :
a. Larutan HCl ( Berturut-turut : 0,1M ; 0,05M ; 0,001M ) sebanyak 50mL dititrasi dengan larutan NaOH 0,1M Jawab : a. 1. 50 mL HCl 0,1M dengan X mL NaOH 0,1M a) Dengan X = 0 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x0 = 0mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 0mmol r 5mmol 0mmol 5mmol 5mmol s - 0mmol 5mmol 5mmol [HCl] = 5mmol : 50mL = 0,1M [H + ] = [HCl] x Valensi = 0,1M pH = -log[H + ] = -log0,1 = 1
b) Dengan X = 5 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x5 = 0,5mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 0,5mmol r 0,5mmol 0,5mmol 0,5mmol 0,5mmol s 4,5mmol - 0,5mmol 0,5mmol [HCl] = 4,5mmol : 55mL = 0,081M [H + ] = [HCl] x Valensi = 0,081M pH = -log[H + ] = -log0,081 = 1,09
c) Dengan X = 10 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x10 = 1mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 1mmol r 1mmol 1mmol 1mmol 1mmol s 4mmol - 1mmol 1mmol
d) Dengan X = 15 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x15 = 1,5mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 1,5mmol r 1,5mmol 1,5mmol 1,5mmol 1,5mmol s 3,5mmol - 1,5mmol 1,5mmol [HCl] = 3,5mmol : 65mL = 0,053M [H + ] = [HCl] x Valensi = 0,053M pH = -log[H + ] = -log0,053 = 1,27
e) Dengan X = 20 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x20 = 2mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 2mmol r 2mmol 2mmol 2mmol 2mmol s 3mmol - 2mmol 2mmol [HCl] = 3mmol : 70mL = 0,042M [H + ] = [HCl] x Valensi = 0,042M pH = -log[H + ] = -log0,042 = 1,37
f) Dengan X = 25 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x25 = 2,5mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 2,5mmol r 2,5mmol 2,5mmol 2,5mmol 2,5mmol s 2,5mmol - 2,5mmol 2,5mmol [HCl] = 2,5mmol : 75mL = 0,033M [H + ] = [HCl] x Valensi = 0,033M pH = -log[H + ] = -log0,0333 = 1,48 g) Dengan X = 30 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x30 = 3mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 3mmol r 3mmol 3mmol 3mmol 3mmol s 2mmol - 3mmol 3mmol [HCl] = 2mmol : 80mL = 0,025M [H + ] = [HCl] x Valensi = 0,025M pH = -log[H + ] = -log0,025 = 1,6
h) Dengan X = 35 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x35 = 3,5mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 3,5mmol r 3,5mmol 3,5mmol 3,5mmol 3,5mmol s 1,5mmol - 3,5mmol 3,5mmol [HCl] = 1,5mmol : 85mL = 0,017M [H + ] = [HCl] x Valensi = 0,017M pH = -log[H + ] = -log0,017 = 1,76
i) Dengan X = 40 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x40 = 4mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 4mmol r 4mmol 4mmol 4mmol 4mmol s 1mmol - 4mmol 4mmol [HCl] = 1mmol : 90mL = 0,011M [H + ] = [HCl] x Valensi = 0,011M pH = -log[H + ] = -log0,011 = 1,95
j) Dengan X = 45 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x45 = 4,5mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 4,5mmol r 4,5mmol 4,5mmol 4,5mmol 4,5mmol s 0,5mmol - 4,5mmol 4,5mmol [HCl] = 0,5mmol : 95mL = 0,00526M [H + ] = [HCl] x Valensi = 0,00526M pH = -log[H + ] = -log0,00526 = 2,27
k) Dengan X = 50 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x50 = 5mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 5mmol r 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol s - - 5mmol 5mmol pH = 7
l) Dengan X = 55 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x55 = 5,5mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 5,5mmol r 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol s - 0,5mmol 5mmol 5mmol [NaOH] = 0,5mmol : 105mL = 4,76 x 10 -3 M [OH - ] = [NaOH] x Valensi = 4,76 x 10 -3 M pOH = -log[OH - ] pH = 14-pOH = -log4,76 x 10 -3 = 14-2,33 = 2,33 = 11,67
m) Dengan X = 60 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x60 = 6mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 6mmol r 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol s - 1mmol 5mmol 5mmol
[NaOH] = 1mmol : 110mL = 9,09 x 10 -3 M [OH - ] = [NaOH] x Valensi = 9,09 x 10 -3 M pOH = -log[OH - ] pH = 14-pOH = -log9,09 x 10 -3 = 14-2,05 = 2,05 = 11,95
n) Dengan X = 65 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x65 = 6,5mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 6,5mmol r 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol s - 1,5mmol 5mmol 5mmol [NaOH] = 1,5mmol : 115mL = 0,013M [OH - ] = [NaOH] x Valensi = 0,013M pOH = -log[OH - ] pH = 14-pOH = -log0,013 = 14-1,88 = 1,88 = 12,12
o) Dengan X = 70 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x70 = 7mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 7mmol r 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol s - 2mmol 5mmol 5mmol [NaOH] = 2mmol : 120mL = 0,016M [OH - ] = [NaOH] x Valensi = 0,016M pOH = -log[OH - ] pH = 14-pOH = -log0,016 = 14-1,79 = 1,79 = 12,21
p) Dengan X = 75 mL mmol HCl = 0,1x50 = 5mmol mmol NaOH = 0,1x75 = 7,5mmol HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H 2 O m 5mmol 7,5mmol r 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol 5mmol s - 2,5mmol 5mmol 5mmol [NaOH] = 2,5mmol : 125mL = 0,02M [OH - ] = [NaOH] x Valensi = 0,02M