Multimedia Systems

IPT Assessment by Joseph Geitani, Daniel Khatter,

Jack Millson and Brock Jamison
Text and Numbers:
Text:
-Characters displayed by the screen through the conversion completed by the CPU
Numbers:
- These number branches (such as binary) show the display of data in which the
computer or device has converted from the source code into human transmitted code
(English in this case)
Audio: Sound waves that have been digitised
Images/Animation:
Images are pictures, drawings or photographs
Measurements include:
- Pixel - the smallest part of the screen which can be controlled by the computer
- Resolution - the total number of pixels on the screen
There are two types of images: Bit-mapped Graphics and Vector Graphics;
Bit-Mapped Graphics:
- Treat each pixel on the screen individually
- Represented in bits
- Used in high quality images as it shows great detail and certain features (shading)
- Often stored in the file format of GIF, JPG or JPEG
Vector Graphics:
- Made up of characteristics such as lines curves or shapes
- Tend to be lower quality graphics compared to Bit-Mapped graphics
- Less storage space required
Animation:
- The movement of a image
- Each frame of a animation is known as a Cell
Video:
- The combination of graphics and sounds displayed in sync over a period of time
- Each graphic within a video is known as a frame
Hyperlinks/text:
- This allows the user to navigate through a multimedia product such as a website or app
Modes of display:
- Printed information is displayed using a printer
- A multimedia product is displayed using a screen and/or speakers.
Screen: A display surface that provides real time display of what the device is doing
Speaker/s: A object used to produce sound waves
Interactivity:
- Allows the user to select the sequence in which they wish to see their desired data
- Interactive multimedia takes inputs from physical objects such as a mouse and mouse
Primary and Secondary Storage Requirements as a result of:
-bit depth and the representation of colour data:
-This refers to the color or gray scale of an individual pixel. A pixel with 8 bits per color
gives a 24 bit image. (8 Bits X 3 colors is 24 bits.)
Sampling rates for audio data:
-Audio data, also known as sampling frequency which is said to the rate which the number of
samples are taken per second and converted into a digital form.
-The sampling frequency must be at least twice the amount of the analog sound.
-The most common rates used are 44.1khz and 22.05khz per second
Processing as a result of:
Video data and frame rates:
-
Image processing:
-Transformation of an inputted image into an outputted image with properties in which the
user has selected
Morphing:
-The process undertaken that changes certain components from one shape into another
Distorting:
-To change the way something looks by manipulating its original form this can be done
through stretching and/or twisting
Animation processing:
- The moving graphics properties can be adapted to suit the users needs, although this then
requires better hardware in order to complete the desired task.
Tweening:
- The frames in between keyframes that help the animation flow, although the more frames
the bigger the file size is for the project.
Display devices as a result of:
Pixels:
-Pixels is an abbreviated term from Picture Element
-It has a numerical value between 0-255
-There are three colour channels which are red, green and blue
Resolution:
-Number of pixels per every square inch on a display.
Collecting
-Text and numbers in a digital format
-Must be converted into binary if on a computer
-Can also be represented through the use of ASCII (128 letters and numbers)
-Audio, video and images in analog format
-An analog signal is an electrical signal in the form of a wave current.
-Analog data must be converted to digital in order to be processed by a computer
-Methods for digitising analog data
-Audio is digitised through the use of sampling
-Video data is processed through the video card
- An optical scanner is a digitising device used to show light on a document
- Optical scanners and video digitisers convert images into bit patterns
Processing:
-The manipulation of data collected which is then compressed to minimise all the data stored
The integration of text and/or number, audio, image and/or video:
-Integration of multimedia items where the items combined increase storage requirements
-In order to fix the issue compression must be completed on the files
Compression and decompression of audio, video and images:
- Audio, video and images can be compressed to reduce size
- In order to compress a file the multimedia is moved into a secondary storage (like a HDD)
then into the RAM where the compression begins
- Due to the huge data size of multimedia files compression is key in saving space
Hypermedia
-Often referred to as the linking of data types
-The term hyper is used to link elements of a program
-An example of this is hypertext leading into new text or webpage.
Storing and retrieving:
-The different file formats use to store different types of data:
Text file types:
-TXT, DOC, RIF and ASCII
Image file types:
-JPEG, GIF, JPG and BMP
Audio file types:
-WAV, MP3 and MIDI
Video file types:
-MPEG, AVI and MP4
Organising
- A storyboard is a scene by scene illustration of a multimedia presentation that shows all the
characteristics such as events and navigations (links)
-There are three types of storyboards:
Linear: This type of storyboard moves in order where the only options are back or
forward
Hierarchical: This type allows the user to select from multiple options but in a linear
format but the options allow the user to explore in more detail
Non-Linear: This type allows for the user to have full freedom in their choices they can
go in any direction this is often used in encyclopedias
Combination: A combination of the above can be used throughout many presentations
Copyright:
-Copyright is the ownership of intellectual property
-It is illegal to copy copyrighted information or data
-When copyrighted information is used it must be acknowledged, this includes the author,
URL address, date of publication and publisher
Appropriate use of the internet:
-Through the development of technology and the internet there is a greater area for misuse
-An example of this is the misuse of NetBanking where users take information and use it for
personal gain
-Some new issues include phishing sites, flash advertising and underage access to
inappropriate sites
Merging Technologies:
-The conversion of files from typical analog into digital allows for technologies to combine
-This includes; radios, TVs, telephones, computers and the internet
-Some examples of combined technologies include; Web-TVs, desktop radio browsing etc
Data integrity of source data:
-Data integrity is the accuracy, consistency, currency and reliability of data
-Due to the increase of data on the internet, data integrity becomes more important
-Integrity and accuracy is key in education multimedia due to the prospect of the infomartion
-Reliability is important in entertainment multimedia due to the dependence of this data