!"## %#&'( )*+,-",.

/
)".)0&'120) 2+3 ,.") ,& )".)0./
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 2
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
T
i
m
e

D
e
p
t
h

Synthetic Trace
T
i
m
e

(
m
s
)

!"## )".)0./ ,.")
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 3
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
Well-selsmlc ues allow well daLa,
measured ln unlLs of depLh, Lo be
compared Lo selsmlc daLa, measured ln
unlLs of ume
1hls allows us Lo relaLe horlzon Lops
ldenued ln a well wlLh speclc
reecuons on Lhe selsmlc secuon
We use sonlc and denslLy well logs Lo
generaLe a synLheuc selsmlc Lrace
1he synLheuc Lrace ls compared Lo Lhe
real selsmlc daLa collecLed near Lhe
well locauon
Synthetic Trace
&45"/,.6") &7 !"## )".)0./ ,."
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 4
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
T
w
o
-
w
a
y

t
i
m
e

V
e
r
t
i
c
a
l

d
e
p
t
h

Surface
Elevation
Base of
Weathering
D
e
p
t
h

Kelly Bushing
Elevation
Seismic - Time Units Log - Depth Units
SHOT RECR
0"2)81"0"+,) .+ ,.0" 2+3 3"9,-
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 3
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
Seismic Data
Samples area and volume
Low frequency 5 - 60 Hz
Vertical resolution 15 - 100 m
Horizontal resolution 150 - 1000 m
Measures seismic amplitude,
phase, continuity, horizontal &
vertical velocities
Time measurement
Well Data
Samples point along well bore
High frequency, 10,000 - 20,000 Hz
Vertical resolution 2 cm - 2 m
Horizontal resolution 0.5 cm - 6 m
Measures vertical velocity, density,
resistivity, radioactivity, SP, rock
and fluid properties from cores
Depth measurement
1
0
0

m

1
0
0

m

/&0921.)&+ &7 )".)0./ ,& !"## 32,2
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 6
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
Seismic
Data
Estimate
Source wavelet
Data
Processing
Seismic
Modeling
Well -
Seismic Tie
Well -
Seismic Tie
Well
Data
External
Source wavelet
Data
Processing
Check Shots/
Time Depth
Information
Synthetic Seismic
Trace
Real Seismic
Trace
)".)0./:!"## ,." 7#&! /-21,
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 7
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
Seismic Shot
Borehole
Geophone
T
i
m
e

D
e
p
t
h

Check shots measure the vertical
one-way time from surface to
various depths (geophone
positions) within the well
Used to determine start time of
top of well-log curves
Used to calibrate the
relationship between well
depths and times calculated
from a sonic log
/-"/; )-&, 32,2
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
98#)" ,*9")
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 9
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
! Reference datum of synthetic to seismic
data (usually ground level or seismic
datum)
Without check shots estimate start time
of first bed
Synthetic Trace
T
i
m
e

(
m
s
)

,*.+' )*+,-",./ ,& )".)0./ 32,2
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 10
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
! Reference datum of synthetic to seismic
data (usually ground level or seismic
datum)
Without check shots estimate start time
of first bed
! Shift synthetic in time to get the best
character tie
Use stratigraphic info on detailed plot
to help
determine the best fit.
T
i
m
e

(
m
s
)

Synthetic Trace
,*.+' )*+,-",./ ,& )".)0./ 32,2
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 11
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
! If justified, shift synthetic laterally
several traces to get the best character
tie
! Character tie is more important than
time tie
We can use a cross-correlation
coefficient as a measure of the
quality of the character tie
T
i
m
e

(
m
s
)

Synthetic Trace
,*.+' )*+,-",./ ,& )".)0./ 32,2
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 12
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
! Accept the tie that yields best
character tie with least time
shift in the zone of interest
(reservoir)
The top of the reservoir
should be mapped on this
peak (red)
,*.+' )*+,-",./ ,& )".)0./ 32,2
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
L 7 - Well-Selsmlc 13
CourLesy of LxxonMobll
! Error in well or seismic line location
! Log data quality
washout zones, drilling-fluid invasion effects
! Seismic data quality
noise, multiples, amplitude gain, migration, etc
! Incorrect pulse
Polarity, frequency, and phase
Try a different pulse; use extracted pulse
! Incorrect 1-D model
Blocked logs, checkshots need further editing
Incorrect start time or improper datuming
Amplitude-Versus-Offset effects
Bed tuning
! 3-D effects not fully captured by seismic or well data
9&)).4#" 9.,72##)
!"#$% '#() *+ ,-.#$()(#/ 00123
!456 789:;/ <==<3
91&4#"0) !.,- )&+./
"</"1)./" =
PCW A S?n1PL1lC SLlSMlC 18ACL lS CLnL8A1Lu
?our Lask ls Lo Lake a well (Lhe ZabloLny #1) drllled ln Lhe Llule knlfe Cll lleld ln Lhe WllllsLon 8asln and ue
Lhls Lo a norLh SouLh selsmlc llne across Lhls eld. 1o achleve Lhe lauer a synLheuc selsmlc Lrace had be
generaLed for Lhe ZabloLny #1.
uslng Lhls veloclLy lnformauon and denslLy daLa supplled, geophyslclsLs generaLed a veloclLy log LhaL
1) Lxpresses Lhe verucal measuremenLs made aL Lhe well as Lwo way Lravel ume.
2) CalculaLed Lhe verucal varlauon ln Lhe reecuon coemclenLs from one acousuc layer Lo anoLher.
a) 1hese reecuon coemclenLs measure Lhe dlerence ln acousuc lmpedance beLween rock layers as Lhe
rauo of reecLed sound energy Lo lncldenL sound energy (lnLenslLy) aL a reecung surface, l.e. a surface
separaung Lwo medla of dlerlng acousuc lmpedances, Z' and Z''.
b) 1he rauo 8 ls calculaLed uslng Lhe formula 8=(Z''-Z')/(Z''+Z').
c) Selsmlc lmpedance ls Lhe producL of denslLy and selsmlc veloclLy, and varles beLween dlerenL rock
layers, belng commonly symbollzed by Z.
3) A zero phase, normal polarlLy 8lcker waveleL, was convolved wlLh Lhe reecuon coemclenLs Lo produce
Lhe synLheuc selsmlc Lrace beslde Lhe Lwo way Lravel ume log model for Lhe ZablonLy #1.
4) llnally Lhe geophyslclsLs, consulung wlLh geologlsLs, esLabllshed Lhe verucal posluon of Lhe sLraugraphlc
Lops peneLraLed by Lhe ZabloLny #1.