Mc lc

I. Gii thiu ............................................................................................................................................. 2

II. Kin trc nh hng dch v ........................................................................................................... 3
1. KIN TRC ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
2. DCH V (SERVICE) ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. KIN TRC NH HNG DCH V ...................................................................................................................... 5
III. Web Service .................................................................................................................................... 8
1. CU TRC WEB SERVICE .................................................................................................................................. 8
2. XML EXTENSIBLE MARKUP LANGUAGE........................................................................................................ 9
3. SOAP - SIMPLE OBJECT ACCESS PROTOCOL .............................................................................................. 10
4. WSDL - WEB SERVICES DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE ...................................................................................... 13
IV. Grid Service ................................................................................................................................... 14
V. Open Grid Service Architecture (OGSA) ...................................................................................... 14
1. KHI NIM ....................................................................................................................................................... 14
2. OPEN GRID SERVICES INFRASTRUCTURE ..................................................................................................... 15
3. DATA AND INFORMATION SERVICES .............................................................................................................. 19
4. RESOURCE AND SERVICE MANAGEMENT ...................................................................................................... 19
VI. WSRF - Web Service Resource Framework ........................................................................... 19
1. WEB SERVICE RESOURCE FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................................... 19
2. HIN THC WSRF : ........................................................................................................................................ 22
VII. Kt lun .......................................................................................................................................... 23




I. Gii thiu
S pht trin ngy cng ph bin ca Internet, cng vi nng lc tnh
ton ca my tnh ngy cng mnh v mng tc cao cng nh cc thit
b c chi ph ngy cng thp ang thay i cch tnh ton v s dng cc
my tnh. Cc ti nguyn c phn b theo cc v tr a l khc nhau,
cn phi c lin kt kt vi nhau phc v cc bi ton tnh ton ln.
Chnh v vy cn p dng tnh ton li gii quyt vic kt hp cc ti
nguyn li.
Trong mi trng ny, nhiu ti nguyn tnh ton nh cc siu my
tnh, cc cm my tnh, thit b trc quan, h thng lu tr v c s d
liu, c bit cc thit b khoa hc nh knh thin vn kt ni mc lun l
vi nhau v th hin ra bn ngoi n ngi s dng nh l mt ti
nguyn tch hp n (single integrated resource) (xem hnh 1).


Hnh 1. Gc nhn tng qut ca h thng GRID
V c bn, ngi s dng tng tc vi trung tm mi gii ti nguyn
(resource broker). Nh vy s khng thy c nhng phc tp ca tnh
ton li. Khi broker bit c ti nguyn m ngi s dng c th truy
cp thng qua mt hoc nhiu h thng qun l thng tin li (grid
information server), broker s m phn vi cc ti nguyn hoc cc nh
cung cp ca chng bng cch s dng cc dch v trung gian. Khi t
c tha thun vi cc ti nguyn, s thc hin vic lp lch (scheduling)
bng cch nh x cc cng vic n cc ti nguyn, sp xp ng dng v
d liu x l v cui cng tr v tp hp kt qu. Trong qu trnh ,
cn theo di tin trnh thc hin ng dng vic qun l cc thay i
trong c s h tng li (grid infrastructure) v li ti nguyn.
C mt s d n trn th gii, ang pht trin cc thnh phn, cc dch
v v cc ng dng trn h thng tnh ton li: Globus, Legion,
NetSolve, Ninf, Apple, Nimrod/G, v JaWS.
Trong mi trng tnh ton li, vic truy cp vo cc ti nguyn phn
b theo c ch truy cp ngang hng. V vy cn phi p dng cc chnh
sch bo mt cng nh xc thc quyn truy cp ca ngi dng.
Vi vic Internet ngy cng pht trin manh, nhu cu s dng cc ti
nguyn sn c ngy cng nhiu, v cc ti nguyn tng tc vi nhau
phc v cc yu cu ca ngi s dng. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng
phn b, cc ti nguyn li c qun l bi cc t chc khc nhau, c
chnh sch khc nhau v vy s pht sinh cc vn rt phc tp trong
vic kt hp cc ti nguyn ny vi nhau.
V vy cn c m hnh kin trc qun l ti nguyn.
II. Kin trc nh hng dch v
1. Kin trc
Mt m t hnh thc ca mt h thng, xc nh mc ch, chc nng,
thuc tnh bn ngoi c th nhn thy, v cc giao din ca n. N cng
bao gm cc m t ca cc thnh phn bn trong ca h thng v cc mi
quan h ca chng, cng vi cc nguyn tc iu chnh thit k, hot
ng ca n, v s tin ha.
2. Dch v (service)
V mt nh ngha, dch v l mt h thng c kh nng nhn mt hay
nhiu yu cu x l v sau p ng li bng cch tr v mt hay nhiu
kt qu. Qu trnh nhn yu cu v tr kt qu v c thc hin thng
qua cc interface c nh ngha trc . Thng thng vic giao
tip ny c thc hin trn cc giao thc c chun ha v s dng
rng ri.
Mt v d n gin ca dch v chnh l hot ng ca mt nh hng.
Khi khch hng vo nh hng v gi thc n, khch hng ang tin hnh
gi yu cu cho dch v phc v khch hng ca nh hng. Nhn vin
nh hng nhc c yu cu ca khch, nu mn n khch hng yu cu
nh hng khng c hoc ht, nhn vin nh hng s t chi hoc
ngh khch hng gi mn khc. Nu nh hng c th p ng c yu
cu ca khch, mn n s c ch bin v mang ra cho khch hng
thng thc sau mt khong thi gian ch. y, yu cu chnh l mn
n m khch hng mun thng thc, cn kt qu tr v ca dch v phc
v nh hng chnh l t chi (nu nh hng khng p ng c yu cu
ca khch) hay l mn n m khch hng cn.
Mt h thng c thit k theo kiu hng dch v (service oriented)
l mt h thng trong cc chc nng ca h thng c xy dng da
trn cc service c kt dnh thp. Cc dch v trong h thng giao tip
vi nhau thng qua vic gi nhn cc thng ip (message).
a. Cc c im chnh ca dch v
Cc dch v c th l nhng c th c lp hu ch, hoc chng
c tch hp kt hp vi nhau to ra nhng dch v mc cao
hn. u im chnh ca c im ny l kh nng ti s dng cc
chc nng c sn.
Cc dch v giao tip vi khch hng ca h bng cch trao i
thng ip: chng c nh ngha bi cc thng ip m h c th
chp nhn v cc phn hi m h c th cung cp.
Cc dch v c th tham gia vo quy trnh lm vic, trong th t
tin nhn c gi v nhn nh hng n kt qu ca cc hot
ng thc hin bi mt dch v. Khi nim ny c nh ngha l "
dch v bin o".
Cc dch v c th hon ton khp kn, hoc chng c th ph thuc
vo s sn c ca cc dch v khc, hoc vo s tn ti ca mt
ngun ti nguyn nh mt c s d liu.Trong trng hp n
gin, mt dch v c th thc hin mt php tnh nh tnh cn bc
ba ca mt s cho trc m khng cn phi tham kho bt k ti
nguyn bn ngoi, hoc n c th c ci sn tt c cc d liu
m n cn trong sut thi gian sng ca n. Ngc li, mt dch v
thc hin chuyn i tin t cn truy xut theo thi gian thc n
cc thng tin t gi hi oi mang li gi tr chnh xc.
Cc dch v qung co cc chi tit chng hn nh nhng kh nng,
giao din, chnh sch, v cc giao thc lin lc m chng h tr.
Cc chi tit thc hin nh ngn ng lp trnh v nn tng lu tr
khng lin quan n khch hng, v khng c tit l.
b. S tng tc gia cc dch v
Hnh 1 minh ha mt chu k dch v tng tc n gin, bt u vi
mt dch v qung co ring ca mnh thng qua mt dch v ng k c
ting (1). Mt khch hng tim nng, c th l hoc khng l mt dch v,
truy vn n c quan ng k (2) tm kim mt dch v p ng c
nhu cu ca n. ng k tr v mt danh sch (c th rng) ca cc dch
v ph hp, v khch hng la chn v gi mt thng ip yu cu ngc
tr li, bng cch s dng bt k giao thc c xc nh chung (3).
Trong v d ny, dch v s phn hi (4), hoc vi cc kt qu ca yu cu
hoc vi mt thng bo li.

Hnh 2. S tng tc ca cc dch v trong mi trng nh hng dch v
S minh ha ny cho thy trng hp n gin, nhng trong mt
khung cnh thc th gii, chng hn nh mt ng dng thng mi, qu
trnh c th c ng k phc tp hn. V d, mt dch v nht nh c
th ch h tr cc giao thc HTTPS, c gii hn ngi dng c thm
quyn, yu cu xc thc Kerberos, cung cp cc mc khc nhau v
hiu sut cho ngi s dng khc nhau, hoc yu cu thanh ton s
dng. Dch v c th cung cp chi tit nh vy trong nhiu cch khc
nhau, v khch hng c th s dng thng tin ny to vng chn ca
n. Mt s thuc tnh, chng hn nh iu khon thanh ton v mc
ca dch v bo lnh, c th cn phi c thnh lp bi mt qu trnh
m phn trc khi khch hng c th s dng cc dch v chn. V,
trong khi minh ho ny cho thy mt n gin, ng b, m hnh trao i
thng ip hai chiu, mt lot cc mu c th cho v d, mt s tng tc
c th l mt chiu, hoc cc phn ng c th khng phi n t cc dch
v m khch hng gi yu cu, nhng t mt s dch v khc hon tt
giao dch.
3. Kin trc nh hng dch v
Kin trc nh hng dch v (SOA) cung cp c ch cho php cc h
thng hot ng trn cc nn tng khc nhau c th giao tip vi nhau.
Mt h thng c xy dng theo SOA bao gm cc dch v tha mn
cc c im chnh ca dch v nu trn. Mi dch v trong h thng
c th c sa i mt cch c lp vi cc dch v khc nhm mc
ch p ng mt yu cu mi t thc t.
Trong cng ngh phn mm, SOA l mt tp hp cc nguyn tc v
phng php thit k v pht trin phn mm trong cc hnh thc dch v
tng thch.
Theo OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured
Information Standards): SOA l mt m hnh t chc v s dng kh nng
phn phi c th l di s kim sot ca cc lnh vc quyn s hu
khc nhau. N cung cp thng nht mt phng tin cung cp, khm
ph, tng tc vi v s dng kh nng sn xut hiu ng mong mun
ph hp vi iu kin tin quyt th o lng c v mong i.
Theo Thomas ERL mt trong nhng ngi c nhng ng gp ln
trong lnh vc SOA, in ton m my: SOA i din cho mt kin trc
m, nhanh nhn, m rng, lin, composable bao gm ca t tr, c kh
nng QoS, nh cung cp dch v a dng, tng thch, pht hin, v c
kh nng ti s dng, thc hin nh cc dch v Web.
a. Cc nhn t ca SOA
Hnh 3 m t cc nhn t tham gia trong mt h thng xy dng theo
SOA.
Service Provider: Cung cp cc dch v khng trng thi phc v
cho mt nhu cu no m ngi s dng (service consumer)
khng cn quan tm n v tr thc s m dch v h cn s
dng ang hot ng.
Serive Consumer: ngi dng s dng dch v c cung cp
bi Service Provider
Service Registry: Ni lu tr thng tin v cc dch v ca cc
Service Provider khc nhau, Service Consumer da trn nhng
thng tin ny tm kim v la chn Service Provider ph hp.

Hnh 3. M hnh hot ng ca SOA
Service Provider s ng k thng tin v dch v m mnh c th cung
cp (cc chc nng c th cung cp, kh nng ca h thng (ti nguyn,
hiu sut), gi c dch v, ...) vo Service Registry. Service Consumer khi
c nhu cu v mt dch v no s tm kim thng tin trn Service
Registry. Ngoi chc nng h tr tm kim, Service Registry cn c th
xp hng cc Service Provider da trn cc tiu ch v cht lng dch v,
bu chn t cc khch hng s dng dch v, ... Nhng thng tin ny
s h tr thm cho qu trnh tm kim ca Service Consumer. Khi xc
nh c Service Provider mong mun, Service Consumer thit lp knh
giao tip trc tip vi Service Provider nhm s dng ti nguyn hoc tin
hnh thng lng thm (v mt gi c, ti nguyn s dng, ...)
b. u im ca SOA
S dng m hnh SOA trong vic thit k h thng mang li li ch v
mt kinht cng nh k thut.
Li ch kinh t
o Doanh nghip c iu kin tp trung thi gian tm kim
cc gii php cho cc bi ton lin quan n kinh t.
o Thc y s pht trin ca h thng hin c cng nh
cung cp kh nng m rng h thng trong tng lai.
Li ch k thut
o H thng xy dng theo m hnh SOA m bo cc
service trong h thng c tnh c lp cao ( kt dnh
thp) (autonomous v loose coupling).
o gc nhn ngi s dng, v tr cc service c tnh trong
sut (transparency), vic di di cc service n mt my
tnh khc khng nh hng kh nng phc v yu cu
khch hng.
o Hot ng ca cc service c tnh ng, hnh vi ca cc
service ty thi m, ty yu cu cn x l m c s khc
nhau (late binding).
III. Web Service
Theo Wiki: n l mt phng php giao tip gia hai thit b in t
trn web.
Theo W3C: n l mt h thng phn mm c thit k h tr
tng tc gia my ny vi my khc thng qua mng.
Webservice l mt hin thc ca service s dng web protocol giao
tip. Web service cung cp h thng phn mm h tr vic giao tip gia
cc my tnh trn mng. Mt tiu chun ca vic tch hp cc ng dng
da trn web bng cch s dng XML, SOAP, WSDL v UDDI tiu chun
m thng qua mt nn tng giao thc Internet.
1. Cu trc web service

Hnh 4. Cu trc web service
Hnh 4 m t cc tng hnh thnh nn Web service. Hnh 5 m t cc
thnh phn tng ng vi cc tng ny.

Hnh 5. S hot ng ca Web service
Webservice c th coi l mt m hnh SOA trong thc t, s hot
ng cng gm 3 thnh phn chnh:
Service Provider: Dng Web Services Description Language
(WSDL) m t dch v m mnh c th cung cp cho Service
Broker (tng t vi Service Registry trong SOA).
Service Broker: Lu tr thng tin v cc service c cung cp
bi cc Service Provider. Cung cp chc nng tm kim h tr
Service Requester (Service Consumer trong SOA) trong vic xc
nh Service Provider ph hp. Thnh phn chnh ca Service
Broker l Universal Discovery, Description, and Integration
(UDDI) repositories.
Service Requester: Dng WSDL c t nhu cu s dng
(loi service, thi gian s dng, resource cn thit, mc gi ...)
v gi cho Service Broker. Bng vic s dng UDDI v chc
nng tm kim ca Service Broker, Service Requester c th tm
thy Service Provider thch hp. Ngay sau , gia Service
Requester v Service Provider thit lp knh giao tip s dng
SOAP thng lng gi c v cc yu t khc trong vic s
dng service.
2. XML eXtensible Markup Language
N l mt ngn ng nh du nh dng v trao i d liu c cu
trc
N cho php cc nh thit k to ra cc th ty bin ca h, cho
php nh ngha, truyn ti, xc nhn, v gii thch d liu gia cc ng
dng v gia cc t chc.

Hnh 6. V d v mt on m XML
3. SOAP - Simple Object Access Protocol
SOAP l mt protocol giao tip dng trong Web service c xy dng
da trn XML. SOAP c s dng c t v trao i thng tin v cc
cu trc d liu cng nh cc kiu d liu gia cc thnh phn trong h
thng.
S dng SOAP, ng dng c th yu cu thc thi cc phng thc
trn my tnh xa m khng cn quan tm n chi tit v nn tng cng
nh cc phn mm trn my tnh .
a. Cc c im ca SOAP
Kh nng m rng (Extensible): Cung cp kh nng m rng phc
v cho nhu cu c th ca ng dng v nh cung cp. Cc chc
nng v bo mt, tng tin cy c th a vo phn m rng ca
SOAP. Cc nh cung cp dch v khc nhau, ty vo c im h
thng ca mnh c th nh ngha thm cc chc nng m rng
nhm tng thm li th cnh tranh cng nh cung cp thm tin ch
cho ngi s dng.
C th hot ng trn cc network protocol c chun ha
(HTTP, SMTP, FTP, TCP, ...)
c lp vi nn tng s dng cng nh ngn ng lp trnh hay m
hnh lp trnh c s dng.
b. SOAP Message Structures
Hnh 7 m t giao tip ca mt nng dng vi mt web service c
thc hin qua thng ip SOAP s dng network protocol HTTP. ng
dng s c t yu cu trong SOAP message v thng qua network
protocol gi n cho web service. Web service s nhn v phn tch yu
cu sau tr v kt qu thch hp.

Hnh 7. Truyn thng ip s dng SOAP
Hnh 8 m t cu trc mt thng ip SOAP. Mt thng ip SOAP bao
gm cc thnh phn sau:
Protocol Header: Cho bit thng tin v cc chun giao thc
c s dng.
SOAP Envelop: Thng tin chnh ca message bao gm:
o SOAP Header: Cha cc SOAP header.
o SOAP body: Thng tin v name v data c c t di
dng XML. Ngoi ra cn c trng li c dng gi
cc web service exception.

Hnh 8. Cu trc thng ip SOAP
Sau y l v d v thng ip SOAP, trong thng ip yu cu
c s dng yu cu web service thc hin phng thc int
doubleAnInteger (int numberToDouble) nhm nhn i mt s nguyn.
Thng ip yu cu s truyn i s 123(s nguyn cn nhn i) trong
phn ni dung ca SOAP. Thng ip tr v mang thng tin kt qu tr v
trong phn ni dung. Kt qu ca php nhn i s nguyn 123 (c
truyn bi message request) l 246.
Request
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope
SOAP-
ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC=http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema">
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<ns1:doubleAnInteger
xmlns:ns1="urn:MySoapServices">
<param1 xsi:type="xsd:int">123</param1>
</ns1:doubleAnInteger>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>


Response
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope
xmlns:SOAP-ENV=http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/
xmlns:xsi=http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema-instance
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema">
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<ns1:doubleAnIntegerResponse
xmlns:ns1="urn:MySoapServices"
SOAP-ENV:
encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
<return xsi:type="xsd:int">246</return>
</ns1:doubleAnIntegerResponse>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>


4. WSDL - Web Services Description Language
Vic c t chc nng, interface giao tip ca mt web service c
thc hin da vo Web Service Description Language (WSDL). Vic c
t ny bao gm protocol c s dng, cu trc v nh dng d liu
dng giao tip...
Hnh 9 m t cc thnh phn c bn ca mt file WSDL dng c t
mt web service.
Services: Cha cc method c th c s dng thng qua cc
web protocol.
Ports: a ch dng kt ni n web service. Thng thng,
ports c m t bng mt HTTP URL.
Port Types: nh ngha mt web service, cc tc v m service
cung cp v nh dng cc thng ip c s dng khi
ng cc tc v ny.
Operations: Mi operation c th c xem nh mt method
hay mt li gi hm trong cc ngn ng lp trnh c in.
Binding: ch nh port type, cc operation, SOAP binding stype
(RPC/Document), SOAP protocol c dng.
Message: Mi message tng ng vi mt hnh ng v cha
cc thng tin cn thit thc thi hnh ng . Mi message c
mt nh danh duy nht v mt hay nhiu thnh phn logic. Cc
logical part c phn bit vi nhau qua name v c th lu tr
cc tham s cn cho hnh ng.

Hnh 9. Tng quan WSDL
Element: c nh ngha trong Types. Mi element c mt
name duy nht v kiu d liu. Element c dng c t d
liu dng trong message. Element c th c t cc d liu n
gin (string, integer) hay phc tp hn nh array, struct, ...
XSD file: Cc element thng c nh ngha trong cc XML
Schema Definition (XSD) file. XSD file c th trong cng file
WSDL hoc file ring bit.
IV. Grid Service
V mt nh ngha, Grid Service l Web Service c thay i cho ph
hp vi mi trng grid.
Cc c im ca Grid service :
Transient in Nature (Lifetime, Migration): i vi mi trng grid,
khi c mt yu cu c gi n, mt service s c to ra
p ng yu cu . Khi service p ng xong yu cu, service
s b hy. i vi web service, khi nhn c mt yu cu mi,
service s to ra mt thread x l yu cu .
Stateful Service: Grid service l stateful, grid service cn lu tr
thng tin v mi session gia consumer v provider. So vi Web
Service, Grid Service s dng Service Data nhm lu tr thng
tin v trang thi hin ti ca service (state information) (kt qu
cui cng hay kt qu trung gian ca cc operation, thng tin v
runtime ca h thng, ...) hoc thng tin v chnh service (service
metadata) (system data, cc interface c h tr, gi s dng
service, ...)
Grid service interface c c t thng qua GWSDL (Grid
WSDL).
Cung cp c ch qun l thi gian sng (lifecycle management).
Grid Service cung cp c ch nh ngha cc portType m rng.
Mi grid service u phi tha k t portType chun GridService.
Ngoi ra, mi grid service c th tha k (extend) cc portType
ca h thng cung cp sn nhm tng thm tnh nng ca
service.
V. Open Grid Service Architecture (OGSA)
1. Khi nim
Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA) c pht trin bi The
Global Grid Forum vi mc ch a ra kin trc chung, chun v m cho
cc ng dng tnh ton li. OGSA hng n vic chun ha cc
service trong ng dng li bng cch a cc interface chun cho cc
service ny.


Hnh 10. M hnh OGSA
Cc thnh phn chnh ca OGSA
Open Grid Services Infrastructure
OGSA services
OGSA schemas
OGSA c xy dng da trn Web services. OGSA c th c trin
khai trn nhiu mi trng khc nhau, giao tip vi nhau thng qua cc
giao thc (protocol).
Web services l cng c c s dng kh ph bin tuy nhin bn
thn Web services vn cn mt s nhng hn ch nh:
Khi to webservice
Thi gian sng ca webservice
Qun l li
OGSA gii quyt cc vn trn v c hin thc lp c s hng
tng (OGSI). Web services tun theo cc chun OGSI c gi l Grid
Service.
OGSI nh ngha cc chun ca giao tip v cc hnh vi phc v cho
vic m t v tm kim dch v, khi tao instance, qun l thi gian sng,
nhm service
2. Open Grid Services Infrastructure
a. Cc c tnh ca OGSI
Grid service descriptions and instances
o Trong m hnh Web services chun, service c to ra
cng nh b hy nm ngoi phm vi ca bn thn Web
services. Tuy nhin trong thc t, ng dng thng xuyn
khi to service mi v khi cc tc v hon tt th Web
services b hy i.
o OGSI cung cp mt c ch phn bit gia phn m t v
phn instance ca service. Phn m t nh ngha cc
interface v hnh vi ca service. Cc service instance s
hin thc cc hnh vi ny.
Service state, metadata, and introspection
o WSDL chun khng c khi nim trng thi ca service.
V th OGSI a ra khi nim service data biu din
siu d liu v cc trng thi. Cc thng tin ny c xem
nh mt phn m t ca service v c th c truy xut
t service instance.
o ng dng client c th yu cu service instance tr v cc
thng tin ca chnh service . V d: cc interface, c t
thng tin trng thi hin ti ca service, thi im kt thc
ca service
o OGSI cung cp hai c ch truy xut trng thi ng dng:
Pull mode: OGSI cung cp tc v findServiceData
kt hp vi service interface cho php client c th
query thng tin trng thi ng dng.
Push mode: client ng k cc vi service thng tin
trng thi mnh mong mun thng qua cc interface
NotificationSource, NotificationSubscription, v
NotificationSink. Khi trng thi service thay i,
service s thc hin hnh vi callback thng bo cho
client bit.
Naming v name resolution
o V Grid service c khi to ng v c trng thi nn
cn phi c cch thc phn bit gia cc instance ca
grid service. Do ta cn phng thc t tn cho cc
instance ny.
o OGSI a ra c ch t tn hai mc. Mi grid instance s
c gn mt Grid Service Handle(GSH) v c qun l
bi HandleResolver. GSH l ton cc v duy nht tn ti
trong sut thi gian sng ca instance.
o Client th giao tip vi service instance cng nh cc
service instance vi nhau thng qua Grid Service
Reference(GSR).
o Khng ging vi GSH, GSR c to ra, thay i, hy
trong sut thi gian sng ca service instance.

Hnh 11. C ch phn gii tn
Service life cycle
o Mt trong nhng im khc bit chnh gia grid service v
Web service l Grid service c th transient(to v hy).
OGSI cung cp c ch cho php cc instance khi to,
hy cng nh qun l thi gian sng ca cc instance ny.
o Service instance c th quy nh thi gian sng bng cc
phng thc sau:
Khi to ban u: khi c yu cu khi to mi mt
grid service, client gi km khong thi gian sng c
th ca service instance.
Kt thc tng minh(Explicit termination): client ch
ng gi yu cu hy grid service instance.
Yu cu iu chnh thi gian sng(Requesting a
lifetime modification): client c th yu cu iu
chnh thi gian sng ca service instance bng cch
gi thng ip keepalive n server.
Fault type : OGSI nh ngha chun cc kiu chun cho tt c cc
thng ip li c tr v bi Grid service.
Service groups: OGSI cung cp c ch t chc service instance
theo nhm. OGSI nh ngha cc interface (WSDL portTypes).
Mi loi portType a ra tp cc tc v v OGSI quy nh hnh vi
c th cho cc tc v ny. Hnh 12 lit k mt s cc portType
PortType M t
GridService Cung cp cc hnh vi chnh bao
gm phn d liu v qun l thi
gian sng ca service.
HandleResolver nh x t GSH sang GSR
NotificationSource Cho php client ng k cc thng
ip notification
NotificationSubscription Qun l thi gian sng v cc thuc
tnh ca cc subscription.
NotificationSink nh ngha tc v cho vic phn
phi cc thng ip notification n
service instance.
Factory Tc v chun to grid service
instance
ServiceGroup Qun l nhm cc service instance
ServiceGroupRegistration Cho php thm hoc xa Grid
service ra khi ServiceGroup
Hnh 12. Danh sch port type
b. Cc dch v li ca OGSI
Core service cung cp cc dch v v phn gii tn, tm kim dch v,
bo mt, chnh sch, v truyn thng ip. Cc dch v c bn:
Name resolution and discovery
Service domains
Security
Policy
Messaging, queuing, and logging
Events
Metering and accounting
3. Data and Information Services
Data naming and access
Replication
Metadata and provenance
4. Resource and Service Management
Provisioning and resource management
Service orchestration
Transactions
Administration and deployment
VI. WSRF - Web Service Resource Framework
1. Web Service Resource Framework

OGSI cung cp mt c cu cho php pht trin, trin khai v qun l thi
gian sng (lifetime management) cc dch v li. Tuy nhin, OGSI vn
cn l nhiu im yu nh:
Gii quyt qu nhiu vn trong cng mt bn c t.
GWSDL khng theo chun ca Web service khin cc cng c c sn
trong Web service khng s dng c.
S nhp nhng gia Web service khng trng thi (stateless) v Web
service c trng thi (stateful).
WSRF trn c s nhm li cc tc v ca OGSI ng thi s dng cc
chun mi hnh thnh ca kin trc Web services nh WS-Addressing,
WS-Notification gii quyt cc nhc im ca OGSI. WSRF cha tt
c cc chc nng ca OGSI v ci tin OGSI ba bc sau:
Gii thiu khi nim WS-Resource
Tch bit gia chc nng dch v v vic kch hot dch v
Dch v notification theo chun WS-Notification ca Web services.
WSRF nhm li cc chc nng ca OGSI thnh nm nhm chnh
sau:
WS-ResourceProperties: c t cc d liu ca ti nguyn, tng
t nh Grid Data Elements ca OGSI, v cc c ch cho php truy
cp, xa hoc thay i cc thng tin ny.
WS-ResourceLifetime: c ch kt thc mt WS-Resource; cc c
t v thng tin trao i gia ngi yu cu dch v v WS-Resource
nhm kt thc dch v ngay lp tc hoc l mt thi im nh sn.
WS-RenewableReferences: da trn chun WS-Addressing ca
Web service cp nht cc thng tin mi v a ch dch v
(endpoint references) khi cc thng tin hin ti tr thnh khng hp
l.
WS-ServiceGroup: c t giao tip cho php mt ti nguyn tham
gia vo nhm; c t cc tc v cho php ly thng tin ti nguyn
ca mt thnh vin ca nhm cng nh thng tin v cc nhm. Mt
nhm l mt tp cc Web services v WS-Resources ca mt lnh
vc c th (domain specific).
WS-BaseFault: nh ngha cc kiu chun ca li v cch s dng
chng trong WSDL.
WSRF tch bit gia Web services (khng trng thi) v Resource
(c trng thi) v nh ra mt c ch cho vic kt hp gia hai thnh phn
ny li vi nhau.
Hnh 13 a ra mt v d v hai thnh phn can bn nht ca
WSRF: Web Service cung cp mt giao tip cho php truy cp vo cc ti
nguyn (resources) c trng thi (cc file).

Hnh 13 : Mt Web service i din cho nhiu resources, mi resource l mt file

WSRF s quy nh cch thc kt hp ngi dng t xa, thng qua giao
tip Web service c th truy cp vo ti nguyn yu cu. Vic kt hp ny
c m t trong Hnh.

Hnh 14 : Kt hp gia Web service v Resources trong WSRF



2. Hin thc WSRF :



Hnh 15: Hin thc WSRF




VII. Kt lun

Nh vy trong bi bo co ny bn em gii thiu v SOA v cch Web
Servies c hin thc nh th no trong tnh ton li.

Chng ta thy SOA ra i cung cp c ch cho php cc h thng hot
ng trn cc nn tng khc nhau c th giao tip vi nhau. Qua cc
h thng khc nhau trong li c th thy nhau v lm vic c vi
nhau.

Ban u OGSA ra i a ra cc chun cng ng tnh ton li c
th p dng vic hin thc cc Gird Service. N ban u cng ly cc tiu
chun ca Web Service bnh thng vo. Nhng sau th li pht trin
thnh ng ring, v vy h khng cn ly c nhng li ch t cc
phin bn nng cp sau ny ca Web Service.

Chnh v l do d WSRF ra i c th vn dng c im mnh ca
Web Service khi h pht trin, v vn c th p dng c vo Grid
Computing.

Globus hin thc cc tng ca SOA, OGSA, WSRF trong Globus
toolkit.

Globus toolkit l mt b toolkit m ngun m c s dng xy dng
cc h thng v cc ng dng Grid. Globus toolkit hin ang c pht
trin bi t chc Globus Alliance v nhiu t chc khp ni trn th gii.
Globus Alliance l mt cng ng cc c nhn v t chc tham gia pht
trin cc cng ngh nn tng cho Grid.

Mc d tnh ton li khng cn ph bin nhng nhng nhng ngha
ca SOA hay OGSA, WSRF vn gip cng ng cng ngh c thm
tng v la chn cho cc gii php ca h.

Ti liu tham kho
- An Overview of Service-oriented Architecture, Web Services and
Grid Computing
- Web Services Implementation Methodology for SOA Application
Elements of Service-Oriented Architecture - B. Ramamurthy
- wikipedia.org
- www.w3.org
- www.webservices.org
- IBM:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-
esource/Globus Java WSRF Core 3.9.1
- http://www.globus.org/toolkit/