S GIO DC V O TO

QUNG NINH
-----------------
K THI TUYN SINH LP 10
TRNG THPT CHUYN H LONG
NM HC 2012 -2013

THI CHNH THC
MN: TON
(Dnh cho hc sinh chuyn Ton, chuyn Tin)

Ngy thi: 29/6/2012


Ch k gim th 1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht
(khng k thi gian giao )

Ch k gim th 2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
( thi ny c 01 trang)
Cu 1. (1,5 im)
Cho biu thc A =
2 a 1 2
1 :
a 1 a 1 a a a a 1
| |
| |

|
|
+ + + + +
\
\
vi a 0 ; a 1.
1. Rt gn biu thc A.
2. Tnh gi tr ca A khi a = 2013 2 2012 + .
Cu 2. (2,5 im)
1. Gii h phng trnh :
2 2
x(1 y) 5 y
x y 4 xy
+ =

.
2. Gii phng trnh :
2
4x 3x 3 4x x 3 2 2x 1 + + = + + .
Cu 3. (1,5 im)
Tm m phng trnh :
2 2
x (m 2)x m 1 0 + + + = c cc nghim x
1
, x
2
tho mn
h thc :
2 2
1 2 1 2
x 2x 3x x + = .
Cu 4. (3,5 im)
Cho hnh vung ABCD cnh a, trn cnh BC, CD ly hai im E, F thay i sao cho

0
EAF 45 = (E thuc BC, F thuc CD, E khc B v C). ng thng BD ct hai on thng
AE v AF ln lt ti M v N. ng thng i qua A v giao im ca EN, MF ct EF ti H.
a) Chng minh AH vung gc vi EF.
b) Chng minh EF lun tip xc vi mt ng trn c nh.
c) Tm v tr ca E, F din tch tam gic EFC t gi tr ln nht.
Cu 5. (1,0 im)
Cho hai s thc dng x, y tha mn: x + y = 5.
Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
4x + y 2x y
P =
xy 4

+ .

------------------------ Ht -------------------------
(Cn b coi thi khng gii thch g thm)





H v tn th sinh ....SBD

S GIO DC V O TO
TNH QUNG NINH

THI CHNH THC
HNG DN CHM THI TUYN SINH LP 10
TRNG THPT CHUYN H LONG NM HC 2012-2013
Mn : TON
(Dnh cho hc sinh chuyn Ton, chuyn Tin)
(Hng dn ny c 03 trang)

Cu S lc li gii
Cho
im
a 1 2 a 1 2
:
a 1 a 1 a(a 1) (a 1)
| | | | +

| |
+ + + + +
\ \

0,25
=
2
( a 1) 1 2
:
a 1 a 1 ( a 1)(a 1)
| |

|
+ + + +
\

0,25
=
2
( a 1) (a 1)
:
a 1 ( a 1)(a 1)

+ + +
0,25
1.1
1im
=
2
( a 1) ( a 1)(a 1)
a 1
( a 1)( a 1)(a 1)
+ +
=
+ +
0,25
2
a 2013 2 2012 ( 2012 1) = + = +
0,25
1
1.2
0,5im
=> a 2012 1 = + =>A 2012 =
0,25
H <=>
(x y) xy 5
xy(x y) 4
+ + =

+ =

t
x y S

xy P
+ =

(*) ta c
S P 5

SP 4
+ =

0,5
Gii h c
S 4
P 1
=

hoc
S 1
P 4
=

0,25
Vi
S 4
P 1
=

thay vo (*) c
x y 4

xy 1
+ =

<=>
x 2 3
y 2 3
x 2 3
y 2 3

= +

= +

0,25
2.1
1,25im
Vi
S 1
P 4
=

thay vo (*) c
x y 1

xy 4
+ =

v nghim
Vy h phng trnh cho c 2 nghim : ( 2 3 ; 2 3 + ) , ( 2 3 + ; 2 3 )
0,25
/K :
1
x
2
(*) 0,25
Vi iu kin phng trnh tng ng
2
4x 4x x 3 x 3 1 2 2x 1 2x 1 0 + + + + + =
( ) ( )
2
4 4 3 3 1 2 2 1 2 1 0 + + + + + = x x x x x x

0,5

2
2.2
1,25im
( ) ( )
2 2
2 3 1 2 1 0 + + = x x x
3 2
2 1 1

+ =

x x
x
x = 1 tho mn
(*) Vy phng trnh c nghim x = 1
0,5
phng trnh c nghim x
1 ;
x
2
th:

2 2 2
4
(m 2) 4(m 1) 0 3m 4m 0 0 m (*)
3
= + + +
0,5
T :
2 2
1 2 1 2
x 2x 3x x + =
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
x x
(x x )(x 2x ) 0
x 2x
=

=

=

0,5
Vi x
1
= x
2
ta c :
1 2
1 2
2
1 2
x x
x x m 2
x .x m 1
=

+ = +

= +

m 0
t/m (*)
4
m
3
=

0,25
3
1,5 im
Vi x
1
= 2x
2
ta c :
1 2
1 2
2
1 2
x 2x
x x m 2
x .x m 1
=

+ = +

= +

m 1
t/m (*)
1
m
7
=

Vy vi
1 4
m 0; ;1;
7 3

`
)
th pt c cc nghim x
1
, x
2
tho mn h thc cho
0,25
C

0
NBE = EAN = 45
=> t gic ANEB ni tip
=>

0
ENF 90 =
hay EN l ng cao ca AEF.
0,5
C

0
MDF = MAF = 45
=> t gic ADFM ni tip
=>

0
AMF 90 =
hay FM l ng cao ca AEF.
0,5

4.a
1,25im
I
H
M
N
D
A
B
C
E
F

c EN, FM l cc ng cao ca tam
gic AEF => AH vung gc vi EF
0,25
C AH vung gc vi EF
=> EF l tip tuyn ca ng trn tm A, bn knh AH.
0,25
c AMHF, EMNF l cc t gic ni tip
=>

AFD AMD NFE = = v

DAF DMF FAH = =
0,25
c ADF=AHF (g.c.g) => AH = AD = a khng i.
0,25
4.b
1im
Vy EF lun tip xc vi ng trn ( A, a ) c nh.
0,25
chng minh c CE + CF + EF = CF + CE + EH + HF = 2a. 0,25
C EC + CF 2 EC.CF v
2 2
EC + CF 2EC.CF
0,25
2 2
EC + CE + EC + CF 2a
EC.CF
2 + 2 2 + 2
= hay
2
2
4a
EC.CF
(2 + 2)
0,25
ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi
2a
EC = CF = = a(2 2)
2 + 2

0,25
4
4.c
1,25
im
C din tch tam gic EFC bng
1
EC.CF
2
.
Vy din tch tam gic EFC ln nht khi v ch khi EC = CF = a(2 2) .
0,25
Cho hai s dng , x y tha mn: 5 x y + = .
4 2 4 1 4 1
4 2 4 4 2 2
x y x y x y y x y
P
xy y x y x
+
= + = + + = + + +
0,25
Thay 5 y x = c:
4 1 5 4 1 5
4 2 2 4 2

= + + + = + + +
y x x y
P x
y x y x

0,25
4 1 5 3
2 . 2 .
4 2 2
+ =
y
x
y x
0,25
Bi 5
1 im
P bng
3
2
khi 1; 4 x y = = Vy Min P =
3
2
0,25

Cc ch khi chm:

1. Hng dn chm ny ch trnh by s lc mt cch gii. Bi lm ca hc sinh phi
chi tit, lp lun cht ch, tnh ton chnh xc mi cho im ti a. Trong cc phn c lin
quan vi nhau, nu hc sinh lm sai phn trc th khng cho im nhng phn sau c s
dng kt qu phn trc. Khng cho im li gii bi hnh nu hc sinh khng v hnh.
2. Vi cc cch gii ng nhng khc p n, t chm trao i v thng nht im chi
tit nhng khng c vt qu s im dnh cho cu hoc phn . Mi vn pht sinh
trong qu trnh chm phi c trao i trong t chm v ch cho im theo s thng nht ca
c t.
3. im ton bi l tng s im cc phn chm, khng lm trn im.


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