Keramikos

,
,
,

(aerospace)

((Al2O3))

(Hard)
(wear-resistant)
(Brittle)
(Refractory)
(Thermal insulators)
(Electrical insulators)
(nonmagnetic)
(Oxidation resistant)
(prone to thermal
shock)
(Chemically stable)

1. (Glass and Glass-ceremics)

,
,
,

noncrystalline ()
(Amorphous materials)
CaO,, Na2O,, K2O,, Al2O3
(soda-lime glass)

SiO2

70%

Na2O (Soda), CaO (Lime).

(Inorganic glass)
noncrystalline
crystalline
(Devitrification)
(Polycrystalline)
(Glass-ceramics)



Pyroceram, Coningware, Cercor Vision

(Ovenware)
(O
)

(Table ware) (Electrical

insulators)
(Substrates) (Printed circuit
boards)

SiO2 SiO2



Na2O Na2O

Na2O

K2O
CaO, MgO
BaO

(set)

MgO CaO

Al2O3 Al2O3

 ()

B2O3 Boron (Borosilicate)

-

PbO
(Lead glass)

(soft)

Fe2O3

Chromium
oxide (Cr2O3), Cobalt oxide (CoO), Urenium (U),

Nickle
Ni kl (Ni),
(Ni)
Carbon-Sulfur-Iron
C b S lf I (C-S-Fe),
(C S F )

Manganese (Mn)

Melting and Quenching

Sol-gel method
polymerization
coat

Sputtering method
target

- preform
-

2 (Clay Products)

Clayy Product

(Kaolin, China Clay)

(Ball
( Clay))
(Feldspar)

(Hand Modelling)
(Wheel
(
Throwing))
((Jiggering
gg g & Jollying)
y g)
(Slip Casting)
(Plastic pressing)

((Extruding)
t ud g)
(Semi-dry Forming)

(a) pressing, (b) isostatic pressing, (c) extrusion, (d) jiggering, and (e) slip casting.

Slip casting

The step in (a) solid and

(b) drain slip casting

3. (Refractories)

(Fireclay refractories)

(Silica refractories)
(Basic refractories)

(Special refractories)

(Porosity)

4. (Abrasive)

(toughness)

5. (Cement)

((Calcination))


1. Calcareous Materials (Limestone)
(Chalk)
2. Argillaceous Materials
(Clay) (Shale)
3 Iron Oxide Materials
3.

(Iron Ore)

(Laterite)

6. (Advanced ceramics)

(Structural) (bioceramics),

,

(Electrical) , ,
(substrates) ,
(substrates),

(piezoelectrics),
(piezoelectrics)

(superconductors)
(Coating)
(
)
, ,

(Chemical and Environmental)
(Filter), (membrane), (catalysts)

 (Piezoelectric ceramics)

(Transducer)

(Sonar)

,
,

(Microactuators for Hard disks),
disks)
(Notebook transformers)
, ,
.
(Insulin pump), ,


, ,

 (Optical fibres)

()
(
)

()
, ,

 (Ceramic ball bearings)

(Silicon nitride, Si3N4)

(Hybrid bearing)

, ,

Fabrication and Processing of Ceramics

Melting and Quenching

drawing

rolling

floating

(a) rolling (b) floating (: Askeland, 1996)

A process of continuous drawing of sheet glass

Pressing
Blowing

hollow ware

(a) pressing,
(b) press and blow process

Annealing Annealing point

Thermal stress

Tempering

oil bath

 Press-and-blow technique

laminating 2

cladding



Corelle

Opal CaF2 alkaline earth alumino

silicate

88-10

10

drawing of fibres.