The 2 microphone method is considered to be a good method for measuring acoustic

power in thermoacoustic engines but it is based on some assumptions which are the
main cause of its limitations:
The acoustic wave has a relatively low frequency.
The duct is sufficiently long, straight, cylindrical and has rigid walls
The ducts radius and distance between the two sensors is much less than the
acoustic wavelength.
Laminar boundary layer.
The volumetric velocity can be confidently inferred.

The acoustic power could be measured by the following equation based on the 2
microphone method:

Where a and b represent the two independent transducer signals and ab is the phase
angle between them.
The other way that could be used to calculate the acoustic power is by measuring the
displacement of the piston of the alternator and get the velocity of the acoustic wave
using the equation

Where is the angular operating frequency, Ap is the cross-sectional area of the
piston.

And calculating the pressure using a pressure transducer and calculating the phase
difference between them using a lock in amplifier, then calculating the acoustic power
using the equation

Where p1c is the magnitude of the pressure oscillation in the compression space, U1p
is the magnitude of the pistons volumetric velocity oscillation and pU