K. Taller/ S.

Vogt R 2003 World Schools Debating Championships 2004

Ways to open a debate
As the proposition, we would like to begin with defining the following.
To set the framework for our motion, we believe it is necessary to propose the following
definitions.
We would like to introduce our stand by giving the following definitions.
In order to effectively debate this topic, we as the proposition, would like to propose.
By giving this definition, a number of key issues arise from this problem which merit closer
eamination.
We, the proposition, will elabortate one of the most striking features of this problem, namely
In the first place we would like to make clear that.
The main argument focuses on.
How to convince in a debate
The opposition have tried to make some good points, however, they forgot to think about some
very important issues, namely.
We hear what the opposition are saying but we do not agree. We will prove to you
That!s one way to think about it, however,.
"ot to play the #evil!s Advocate, but we will prove to you eactly the opposite.
The proposition!s motion may seem plausible at first glance, however, we as the opposition,
would like to remind you of recent developments in this area. According to .
At first sight, the proposition!s argument seems to be true. But.
We have thought about the proposition!s proposal, however, research findings strongly support
our motion of..
The proposition unfortunately failed to reveal the truth of the matter,.
It is easy enough to make broad generalisation about...like the opposition $ust did, but in reality
it is a very comple issue.
The arguments presented by the proposition are by no means sufficient enough to back up the
claim that.
It is generally ecepted these days that.
It is only a matter of time until it will become evident that the opposition!s stand must fall due to
the following reasons.
%ne must take into account that.
Possible conclusions
This motion must fall because.
To conclude, we must emphasise our motion of., hence the opposition!s point of view can no
longer be supported.
To sum up, our motion must stand, simply because during the debate we have shown.
This debate has made obvious that the opposition!s motion cannot stand since..
The simple truth is
The proposed arguments lead us to the irrefutable conclusion that
To draw a line under this debate,
After careful consideration, we must conclude that.
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ROLLENSPIEL
WORLD SCHOOLS DEBATING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2004
USEFUL DEBATING PHRASES
K. Taller/ S. Vogt R 2003 World Schools Debating Championships 2004
Modes of Address
All references to other speakers should be in the third person, e.g. &oints of Information should
begin with a phrase such as'
&oint of Information, (ir)*adam+
Is the (peaker aware that...
*r ) *adam ,hairman...
I re-uest the floor...
Are the ,hair ) the (peaker .not/ aware that...
I yield the floor to points of information ) to the ,hair ) to another delegate.
#oes the (peaker .not/ agree that...0
Resolution Introductory Phrases
1ach clause should start with a verb in the following way .please note, this list is not ehaustive/'
Pre-ambulatory Clauses
Affirming
Alarmed by
Approving
Believing
Bearing in mind
,ontemplating
,onvinced
#eclaring
#eeply concerned
#eeply conscious
#eeply convinced
#eeply disturbed
#eeply regretting
1mphasi2ing
1pressing its
appreciation
1pressing its
satisfaction
3ully aware
3ully believing
3urther deploring
3urther recalling
4uided by
5aving adopted
5aving considered
further
5aving denoted
attention
5aving eamined
5aving received
5aving studied
6eeping in mind
"oting with
approval
"oting with deep
concern
"oting with regret
"oting with
satisfaction
7ealising
7eaffirming
7ecalling
7ecognising
7eferring
7ecalling
Taking into account
Taking into consideration
Taking note
8iewing with appreciation
Welcoming
Operative Clauses
Accepts
Affirms
Approves
Authorises
,alls for
,ondemns
,ongratulates
,onfirms
,onsiders
#eclares accordingly
#eplores
#emands
#esignates
#raws the attention
1mphasi2es
1ncourages
1ndorses
1presses its hope
1presses its
appreciation
3urther invites
3urther problems
5ave resolved
"otes
&roclaims
7eaffirms
7ecommends
7eminds
7e-uests
(olemnly affirms
(trongly condemns
(upports
Trusts
Takes note of
Transmits
9rges
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K. Taller/ S. Vogt R 2003 World Schools Debating Championships 2004
Sample Resolution
Committee: Political
Submitted by: Iraq
Co-submitted by: Cuba and PDRK
Organ --> The 4eneral Assembly of the 9nited "ations,
Pre-ambulatory "oting Article %ne of the 9niversal #eclaration of 5uman 7ights,
Phrases which states that :All beings are born free and e-ual in dignity and
rights:.
Use a comma to
separate
preambulatory
clauses
Underline initiating
phrases
Indent 5 spaces
Operative Clauses
Number operative
clauses
Use a semicolon to
separate operative
clauses
Use a full stop to end
the resolution
Aare that economic embargoes cause great damage to nations,
both to the individuals within the nations, and to the wider social
structure,
!earin" in mind paragraph ;< of the (ecretary=4eneral>s ?@@A
report on the work of the 9nited "ations, which stated, :(anctions ...
raise the ethical -uestion of whether suffering inflicted on vulnerable
groups in the target country is a legitimate means of eerting pressure,
Callin" the attention of member states to the 8ienna #eclaration
and &rogramme of action which affirms that food should not be used as
a tool for political pressure,
Convinced that it is wrong and immoral for any country to penalise
another through pre$udice, because they disapprove of their
government,
!elievin" that it is only through building firm trading links, and not
through a policy of hatred and intolerance that a lasting peace between
nations can be achieved,
#$ Calls upon all member states to reconsider their position over all
sanctions, and particularly the sanctions on Ira- and ,ubaB
%$ Su""ests that the sanctions against the above named countries
be gradually relaed, with the aim of reinstating the infrastructure,
education system and medical care of both member statesB
&$ '(presses its hope that the sanctions will be fully lifted within
eight yearsB
)$ *r"es the 9nited "ations to send medical aid to both countries,
to alleviate the suffering of the thousands of civilians, especially to
pregnant and nursing mothers, and childrenB
Stron"ly recommends that the first sanctions to be relaed on oil in
the case of Ira-, and on sugar in the case of ,uba, so that the countries
may use the profits from their primary eports to'
.i/ invest in the socio=economic structure of their nations, in order
to revive their economies,
.ii/ provide humanitarian aid, specifically food and medicine, to
their population,
.iii/ pay teachers and other professionals to return to work, so that
the alarming drop=out rate at elementary and secondary schools may
be remedied, to provide a basic education for the future generationB

+$ Su""ests that this process be monitored by the 9" and other
nations that would be affected, especially those in the *iddle 1astB

,$ 'ncoura"es all member states to endeavour to trade fairly with
these countries in particular, and troubled regions in general, so that
through mutual trade and increased prosperity, lasting peace and
friendly relations between countries will ensue.
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K. Taller/ S. Vogt R 2003 World Schools Debating Championships 2004
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