REPORT

RADIOFREQUENCY (RF)
RADIATION MEASUREMENT

Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Melaka (PKNM), Menara
MITC, Ayer Keroh, Melaka.








By:
Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia.





Hotline: 1 800 888 030

Website: http://aduan.skmm.gov.my






2
1. ABSTRACT

Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (SKMM) conducted an on-site RF
radiation measurement exercise at:

Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Melaka (PKNM), Menara MITC, Ayer Keroh,
Melaka on 23
rd
Nov 2010

Upon concerns and request from Officer at PKNM.


2. OBJECTIVE

To determine the RF radiation level within the proximity of the telecommunication
structure.

To ensure the RF radiation level complies with the Public Exposure Limit, in
accordance to Malaysias and international standards.

To assess the Health and Safety risks the telecommunication structure poses to the
surrounding community and residents, and to recommend the necessary action and
measures based on the measurement outcome.



3. RF RADIATION PUBLIC EXPOSURE LIMIT

The exposure limit established by the International Commission for Non-
Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) is referred.

The exposure limit sets by ICNIRP is endorsed by the World Health Organization
(WHO) and the Ministry Of Health Malaysia. Other countries that adopted the ICNIRP
limit include Australia, Singapore and the United Kingdom.

When measuring human exposure to RF radiation from communication towers and
structures, it is the norm to consider Power Density as it is more closely related to
the quantities in which restrictions on exposure are specified.


Table 1: Summary of RF radiation Public Exposure Limit in terms of Power
Density (W/m
2
)
Frequency Range Services Public Exposure Limit (W/m
2
)
8.95MHz FM Radio -
174MHz TV 2.00
470MHz TV (UHF) 2.35
900MHz 2G Cellular (GSM) 4.50
1800MHz 2G Cellular (GSM) 9.00
2000MHz 3G Cellular, Wireless
Broadband
10.0
2300MHz WiMAX 10.0
2400MHz Wi-Fi 10.0

3

The limit value incorporates very large safety factors to protect the general public, including children.

Further information can be obtained from http://www.icnirp.de.


4. SCOPE OF THE MEASUREMENT
The measurements assess the RF radiation emission from the directional and/or
omni-directional antenna of the telecommunication structure in question.

In the presence of more than one telecommunication structure, the measurement
outcome indicates the cumulative RF radiation (for a given frequency range) from all
structures within the proximity.

Conclusion is derived from comparing the measured RF radiation level against the
Public Exposure Limit stipulated in Table 1.


5. MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT
The measurement equipment in-use is the Rohde & Shwarze Portable EMF
Measurement System R&S TS-EMF (Figure 1). It measures a wide spectrum of
electromagnetic fields (EMF) including RF in the environment and covers a broad
frequency range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz.
It complies with all common radio services which include:
2G Cellular
3G Cellular, Wireless Broadband
Bluetooth
Wi-Fi
WiMAX
FM Radio broadcasting
TV broadcasting
The frequency-selective measurement determines the total radiation on a particular
site, and also permits assignment to specific radio services. All common
measurement methods and regulations are supported including the European
standard prEN 50400.

The isotropic antenna is periodically calibrated to ensure accuracy.

4

Figure 1: Measurement equipment

































5
6. SITE DETAILS

Site address: Perbadanan Kemajuan Negeri Melaka (PKNM),
Menara MITC, Ayer Keroh, Melaka.

Latitude / Longitude: 2.27201
0
/ 102.28443
0

Site description: Multi storey tower-office, within a medium
density residential area.





Figure 2: Site overview











6
Site images:



Figure 3: Street level view of building & structures.






7


Figure 4: Radiation Measurement at Rooftop (1
st
Location)



Figure 5: RF antenna


8


Figure 6: Structure belong to Telco



Figure 7: Radiation Measurement at Rooftop (2
nd
Location)


9


Figure 9: Radiation Measurement at Level 9(3
rd
Location)



Figure 10: Radiation Measurement at Level 8 (4
th
Location)






10
7. DEVELOPMENT AND PHYSICAL SAFETY COMPLIANCE

Compliance to the development and physical safety requirements as per Ministry
of Housing and Local Government Guideline 2002 (KPKT 2002).


Structure

Compliance
Height Distance (Applicable for
telecommunication
towers only)
DiGi Comply -
Celcom Comply -
Maxis Comply -

Development and Physical safety requirements - to protect the public from risks of improper installations and falling objects.




8. MEASUREMENT DETAILS

Four measurements were taken at 4 locations as per Figure 2 & Figure 3.




























11
Measurement : Location 1
PKNM - Rooftop
on 11/23/2010
(Averaging over a range of minutes)
Measurement from 14:54 AM until 24:14 AM (Loop Count: 2)

All Packets - Average


Packet
Total Field (RMS)
[V/m] Total ER * 1000 []
Power Density
[W/m]

3G 0.0546 0.0008 7.901178046

CDMA_800 0.0041 0.0000 0.044061086

FSH_WLAN802.11b&g_all 0.1400 0.0053 51.98755327

GSM1800_Celcom 0.0873 0.0022 20.197391

GSM1800_Digi 0.1045 0.0031 28.96092345

GSM1800_Maxis 0.1911 0.0106 96.85613808

GSM1800_all 0.2672 0.0208 189.3395163

GSM900_all 0.3310 0.0606 290.5426834

GSM900_Celcom 0.0416 0.0010 4.600170009

GSM900_Digi 0.0289 0.0005 2.210912999

GSM900_Maxis 0.3378 0.0630 302.6032016

Wimax 0.0848 0.0019 19.09153033





Sum 0.6184 0.1698 1014.33526

Limit Line:

ICNIRP


Antenna:

Tri-axis probe - R&S SerNo 101364 RSEMF30-22-08-100237



Packet/Frequency
Radiation Limit
allowed by ICNIRP
(Volt/meter)
Radiation
Measured at
Location 1
(Volt/meter)
Exposure Ratio of measured
Radiation with ICNIRP
Radiation Limit) (%)
GSM 900 MHz 49 0.34157665 0.004859417 %
1800
MHz/3G/Wimax
62 0.25540742 0.001697007 %

12
Measurement : Location 2
PKNM - Rooftop2
on 11/23/2010
(Averaging over a range of minutes)
Measurement from 01:31 PM until 09:00 PM (Loop Count: 1)

All Packets - Average


Packet
Total Field (RMS)
[V/m] Total ER * 1000 []
Power Density
[W/m]

3G 0.1115 0.0033 33.00593556

CDMA_800 0.0040 0.0000 0.041945966

FSH_WLAN802.11b&g_all 0.1458 0.0057 56.36554069

GSM1800_all 3.7978 4.1952 38258.40508

GSM1800_Celcom 0.1116 0.0036 33.04823776

GSM1800_Digi 0.0708 0.0014 13.29864413

GSM1800_Maxis 3.7637 4.1201 37573.6792

GSM900_all 0.3816 0.0807 386.2933014

GSM900_Celcom 0.1023 0.0059 27.7610801

GSM900_Digi 0.0119 0.0001 0.377353007

GSM900_Maxis 0.3240 0.0582 278.5367507

UMTS_Bd I_ChPow 0.6585 0.1165 1150.284246

Wimax 0.0894 0.0021 21.19182928





Sum 5.4169 8.5929 77832.28915

Limit Line:

ICNIRP


Antenna:

Tri-axis probe - R&S SerNo 101364 RSEMF30-22-08-100237



Packet/Frequency
Radiation Limit
allowed by ICNIRP
(Volt/meter)
Radiation
Measured at
Location 2
(Volt/meter)
Exposure Ratio of measured
Radiation with ICNIRP
Radiation Limit) (%)
GSM 900 MHz 49 0.33997485 0.004813948 %
1800
MHz/3G/Wimax
62 3.768730489 0.3694934834 %

13
Measurement : Location 3
PKNM - Level9
on 11/23/2010
(Averaging over a range of minutes)
Measurement from 23:07 PM until 30:35 PM (Loop Count: 1)

All Packets - Average


Packet
Total Field (RMS)
[V/m] Total ER * 1000 []
Power Density
[W/m]

3G 0.0399 0.0004 4.225844417

CDMA_800 0.0041 0.0000 0.044830679

FSH_WLAN802.11b&g_all 0.1487 0.0059 58.65721366

GSM1800_all 0.0553 0.0009 8.108421674

GSM1800_Celcom 0.0379 0.0004 3.804763089

GSM1800_Digi 0.0619 0.0011 10.15596645

GSM1800_Maxis 0.0410 0.0005 4.466210206

GSM900_all 0.0517 0.0015 7.088590136

GSM900_Celcom 0.0342 0.0007 3.099961522

GSM900_Digi 0.0143 0.0001 0.539017101

GSM900_Maxis 0.0496 0.0014 6.528202291

Wimax 0.0904 0.0022 21.65576668

UMTS_Bd I_ChPow 0.6311 0.1070 1056.439433





Sum 0.6683 0.1221 1184.814221

Limit Line:

ICNIRP


Antenna:

Tri-axis probe - R&S SerNo 101364 RSEMF30-22-08-100237



Packet/Frequency
Radiation Limit
allowed by ICNIRP
(Volt/meter)
Radiation
Measured at
Location 3
(Volt/meter)
Exposure Ratio of measured
Radiation with ICNIRP
Radiation Limit) (%)
GSM 900 MHz 49 0.06192164 0.000159696 %
1800
MHz/3G/Wimax
62 0.129279503 0.0004347864 %

14
Measurement : Location 4
PKNM - Level8
on 11/23/2010
(Averaging over a range of minutes)
Measurement from 42:41 PM until 50:16 PM (Loop Count: 1)

All Packets - Average


Packet
Total Field (RMS)
[V/m] Total ER * 1000 []
Power Density
[W/m]

3G 0.0381 0.0004 3.845357338

CDMA_800 0.0040 0.0000 0.042280439

FSH_WLAN802.11b&g_all 0.1472 0.0058 57.49831111

GSM1800_all 0.0424 0.0005 4.771766025

GSM1800_Celcom 0.0402 0.0005 4.284751329

GSM1800_Digi 0.0371 0.0004 3.651686558

GSM1800_Maxis 0.0307 0.0003 2.496481501

GSM900_all 0.0355 0.0007 3.341538205

GSM900_Celcom 0.0196 0.0002 1.021449364

GSM900_Digi 0.0082 0.0000 0.176518177

GSM900_Maxis 0.0296 0.0005 2.321894021

Wimax 0.0891 0.0021 21.06928121

UMTS_Bd I_ChPow 0.6223 0.1041 1027.152772





Sum 0.6532 0.1155 1131.674088

Limit Line:

ICNIRP


Antenna:

Tri-axis probe - R&S SerNo 101364 RSEMF30-22-08-100237



Packet/Frequency
Radiation Limit
allowed by ICNIRP
(Volt/meter)
Radiation
Measured at
Location 4
(Volt/meter)
Exposure Ratio of measured
Radiation with ICNIRP
Radiation Limit) (%)
GSM 900 MHz 49 0.0364357 0.000055292 %
1800
MHz/3G/Wimax
62 0.115435523 0.0003466535 %

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9. MEASUREMENT SUMMARY


Frequency
(MHz)
Service
Measurement of Power Density
(W/m
2
)
Average
(W/m
2
)
RF
radiation
Public
Exposure
Limit
(W/m
2
)
Locati
on1
Locati
on 2
Locati
on 3
Locati
on 4
8.95MHz
FM Radio - - - - - -
174MHz
TV - - - - - 2.00
470MHz
TV (UHF) - - - - - 2.35
900MHz
2G
Cellular
309.41
43
306.67
51838
10.167
18091
3.5198
61562
0.00062
977653
4.50
1800MHz
2G
Cellular
146.01
44525
37620.
03
18.426
94
10.432
92
0.03779
490431
9.00
2000MHz 3G
Cellular,
Wireless
Broadband
7.9011
78046
33.005
93556
4.2258
44417
3.8453
57338
0.00004
897832
10.0
2300MHz
WiMAX
19.091
53033
21.191
82928
21.655
76668
21.069
28121
0.00008
300841
10.0
2400MHz
Wi-Fi
51.987
55327
56.365
54069
58.657
21366
57.498
31111
0.00022
450862
10.0


10. CONCLUSION
Based on the investigations and measurements, it is concluded that the
telecommunication [tower(s)/structure(s)] comply with the Ministry of Housing
and Local Government Guideline 2002, and the RF radiation level is well below
the permitted Public Exposure Limit.

Therefore [it/they] pose(s) no health and safety risks to the surrounding
community and residents.

Below is the breakdown of the RF radiation level (in terms of Power Density) for a
given frequency range, against the Public Exposure Limit (as stipulated in Table 1):

Frequency range 900 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.00062977653 W/m
2
. It is
0.014% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.



16
Frequency range 1800 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.03779490431 W/m
2
. It is
0.42% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.
Frequency range 2000 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.00004897832 W/m
2
. It is
0.00049% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.
Frequency range 2300 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.00008300841 W/m
2
. It is
0.00083% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.
Frequency range 2400 MHz:
Average RF radiation level measured is 0.00022450862 W/m
2
. It is
0.00225% below the permitted Public Exposure Limit.


11. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE

http://www.who.int
http://www.icnirp.de
http://www.rfrad.gov.my
http://www.moh.gov.my







Prepared By:
__________

Mohd Sufian Bin Abdull Sukor


Verified By:
____________