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08:2010/BCT
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Mc lc
Chng I..............................................................................................4
QUY NH CHUNG..............................................................................4
iu 1. Phm vi iu chnh.......................................................................4
iu 2. i tng p dng.......................................................................4
iu 3. Gii thch t ng...........................................................................4
iu 5. Bo v an ton .............................................................................5
iu 6. Cc c tnh ca ngun cp in..................................................6
iu 7. La chn cc thit b in.............................................................7
iu 8. Thi cng lp t h thng in v kim tra trc khi i vo vn
hnh.............................................................................................8
Chng II.............................................................................................8
CC C TNH S DNG CHNH CA H THNG TRANG THIT
B IN ................................................................................8
iu 9. Cng sut yu cu.........................................................................8
iu 10. Nguyn tc xc nh s phn phi in.................................8
iu 11. Ngun cp in...........................................................................9
Chng III..........................................................................................10
BO V TRANG THIT B IN.......................................................10
Mc I: CHNG IN GIT..........................................................................10
iu 12. Bo v chng tip xc trc tip................................................10
iu 13. Bo v chng tip xc gin tip................................................11
Mc II: BO V CHNG TC NG NHIT...........................................13
iu 14. Yu cu chung ......................................................................13
iu 15. Bo v chng chy ...................................................................13
iu 16. La chn cc bin php bo v chng ho hon theo cc iu
kin ngoi lai.............................................................................14
Mc III. BO V CHNG QU DNG IN............................................14
iu 17. Yu cu chung..........................................................................14
iu 18. Bo v chng qu ti................................................................14
iu 19. Bo v chng ngn mch..........................................................15
iu 20. Phi hp bo v qu ti v ngn mch.....................................16
iu 21. Hn ch qu dng bng cc c tnh ngun cung cp..............17
Mc IV. BO V CHNG NHIU IN P V IN T.......................17
iu 22. Quy nh chung........................................................................17
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BNG PH LC............................................................................................37
Ph lc 1 : in p ng sut xoay chiu cho php.................................37
Ph lc 2 : Cc iu kin ngoi lai..........................................................38
Ph lc 3 : Nhit vn hnh cc i vi cc kiu cch in................42
Kiu cch in.................................................................................................42
Ph lc 4 Tit din ti thiu cc dy dn................................................42
Ph lc 5 : in p chu xung theo in p nh mc.............................43
Ph lc 6 : Cc tit din quy nh ca cc dy dn ni t.....................43
Ph lc 7 : Cc gi tr ca k i vi cc dy dn bo v c cch in
khng i lin vi Cp hoc cc dy dn bo v trn tip xc vi
cc v cp..................................................................................43
Ph lc 8 : Cc gi tr ca k i vi cc dy dn bo v l mt rut trong
mt cp nhiu rut ....................................................................44
Ph lc 9 : Cc gi tr ca k i vi cc thanh dn trn khng c ri
ro h hng ti cc vt liu bn cnh bi nhit pht ra.........44
Ph lc 10 Tit din ti thiu ca dy dn bo v...................................44
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Chng I
QUY NH CHUNG
iu 1. Phm vi iu chnh
1. Quy chun ny quy nh cc quy tc thit k, lp t v vn hnh h
thng trang thit b in xoay chiu, in p nh mc ti a n 1000 V, tn s 50
Hz.
2. Quy chun ny khng p dng cho cc thit b dng sc ko bng in,
cc H thng trang thit b in ca phng tin giao thng ( t, tu thu, my
bay...), h thng trang thit b in chiu sng sng cng cng, cc h thng trang
thit b in ca hm m, cc hng ro in bo v, thit b chng st cho to nh,
cc cng trnh v trang thit b chuyn dng.
3. H thng cung cp in cng cng, p dng quy chun trang thit b hin
hnh.
iu 2. i tng p dng
Quy chun ny p dng bt buc i vi t chc, c nhn c hat ng
lin quan n thit k,lp t v vn hnh h thng trang thit b in xoay chiu,
in p nh mc ti a n 1000 V, tn s 50 Hz..
iu 3. Gii thch t ng
Cc t ng di y c hiu nh sau:
1. H thng trang thit b in l tp hp cc thit b in v h thng dy
dn sn xut hoc tiu th in nng.
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4. Bo v chng qu dng in
Ngi v ti sn phi c bo v chng cc nguy him hoc h hng do
nhit tng qu cao hoc do cc lc c hc sinh ra khi qu dng in.
5. Bo v chng cc dng in s c
Cc dy dn, ngoi cc dy mang in v cc b phn khc dng dn
dng in s c phi c kh nng dn dng in m khng t n nhng
nhit qu cao.
6. Bo v chng qu in p
Ngi v ti sn phi c bo v chng cc hu qu tai hi do h hng
cch in gia cc b phn mang in ca cc mch c in p khc nhau.
Ngi v ti sn phi c bo v chng cc hu qu tai hi do qu in
p do cc nguyn nhn khc (cc qu in p kh quyn, cc qu in p thao
tc).
iu 6. Cc c tnh ca ngun cp in
c tnh ca ngun phi ph hp vi s lng dy dn, cc tr s nh mc
v lch cho php cng nh ph hp vi s ni t v cc iu khin khc
ca ngun in lin quan n phng thc bo v.
1. Tit din ca cc dy dn
Tit din ca cc dy dn phi c xc nh trn c s:
a) Nhit ti a cho php ca cc dy dn;
b) st p cho php;
c) Cc lc in-c c th xy ra trong trng hp ngn mch;
d) Cc lc c hc khc c th tc ng ln cc dy dn;
e) Tr s tng tr ti a cho php m bo s tc ng ca cc bo v
chng ngn mch.
2. Cc thit b bo v
Loi thit b bo v phi c xc nh tu theo chc nng ca thit b, v
d nh nhm bo v: chng qu dng in (qu ti v ngn mch), chng dng
in chm t, chng qu in p, thp in p hoc mt in p;
Cc thit b bo v phi tc ng vi nhng tr s dng in, in p v
thi gian ph hp vi c tnh ca mch in chng cc mi nguy him c th
xy ra.
3. Thit b ct ngun khn cp
Nu cn thit phi ct mch in khn cp khi nguy c mt an ton c th
xy ra th phi b tr thit b ct sao cho d nhn bit v d thao tc.
4. Cch ly
Phi b tr thit b cho php cch li ton b h thng in hoc mt
mch in hoc cc thit b ring l nhm phc v cho vic bo dng, kim tra,
xc nh im s c v sa cha.
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Chng II
CC C TNH S DNG CHNH CA H THNG TRANG THIT B IN
iu 9. Cng sut yu cu
Phi tnh ton xc nh cng sut yu cu khi thit k H thng trang thit
b in m bo tnh kinh t vn hnh n nh, an ton trang thit b hot
ng trong phm vi nhit v st p cho php.
Khi xc nh cng sut yu cu ca thit b in hoc ca mt nhm thit b
in phi tnh n h s ng thi.
iu 10. Nguyn tc xc nh s phn phi in
S phn phi in phi c thit k, thi cng lp t ph hp vi yu
cu ph ti in.
1. S phn phi in c xc nh theo
a) Cc yu cu cung cp in ca cc h ph ti;
b) Loi s cc dy dn mng in;
c) Loi s ni t.
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2. Loi s cc dy dn mang in
Trong quy chun ny, c xt n cc loi h thng cc dy dn cc dy
dn mang in cp cho H thng trang thit b in nh sau:
a) H thng mt pha, 2 dy;
b) H thng mt pha, 3 dy;
c) H thng ba pha, 3 dy;
d) H thng ba pha, 4 dy;
e) H thng ba pha, 5 dy.
3. Loi s ni t ca h thng phn phi in cn phi ph hp vi
tnh trng ni t ca ngun:
a) Ngun in c trung tnh ni t;
b) Ngun in cch ly hon ton i vi t.
iu 11. Ngun cp in
1. Yu cu chung
i vi cc ngun cp in (ngun chnh, ngun d phng, ngun s c),
d l ngun bn ngoi hoc l ngun ni b ca h thng trang thit b in u
phi xc nh cc c tnh sau:
a) Tn s;
b) in p nh mc;
c) Tr s dng in ngn mch tnh ton ti u vo ca h thng;
d) Kh nng tho mn cc yu cu ca h thng, k c yu cu v cung
cp cng sut.
2. Ngun cp in d phng v ngun cp in s c
H thng trang thit b in phi c ngun cp in s c nu khi b mt
ngun cp in chnh cung cp in cho cc cng tc an ton phng chy
cha chy v thot him khi xy ra s c theo quy nh hin hnh.
Cc ngun cp in s c phi c xc nh cc c tnh p ng v
cng sut, v tin cy, v sn sng v thi gian vn hnh theo yu cu.
3. Kh nng duy tu bo dng
Ngun cp in khi lp t phi tnh n kh nng duy tu bo dng h
thng trang thit b in trong sut thi gian vn hnh.
Khi bo dng ngun cp in vn hnh bi n v khc, phi tham kho
kin ca n v .
Chu k v khi lng hng mc duy tu bo dng phi c quy nh m
bo:
a) D dng kim tra nh k, th nghim, bo dng v sa cha phi v
c tin hnh thng xuyn;
b) m bo hiu qu ca cc thit b bo v an ton;
c) Bo m tin cy ca cc thit b trong sut tui th trang thit b.
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Chng III
BO V TRANG THIT B IN
Mc I: CHNG IN GIT
iu 12. Bo v chng tip xc trc tip
1. Bo v bng bc cch in cc phn mang in
a) Cc phn mang in phi c bao bc hon ton bng vt liu cch
in v ch c th d ra bng cch ph hu.
b) Vt liu cch in bo v phi c bn lu di v chu c cc tc
ng v c, ho hc v nhit. Cc lp sn, vecni, hoc cc sn phm tng t
khng c coi l cc cht cch in bo v chng tip xc trc tip.
2. Bo v bng ro chn hoc v bc
2.1 Cc b phn c in phi nm bn trong v bc hoc pha sau ro
chn m bo khong cch an ton. Khi cn phi c nhng l m rng
thay th cc b phn, nh thay bng n, cm hoc cu ch, hoc cn thit
vn hnh cc thit b th:
a) Phi c cc bin php thch hp ngn chn ngi hoc sinh vt v
tnh tip xc vi cc b phn c in;
b) Phi c cnh bo y cho mi ngi bit cc ch c in c th tip
xc qua cc ch h v khng c ch ng chm ti.
2.2 Cc ro chn v v bc phi c c nh chc chn ti ch, n nh
v bn c hc m bo duy tr mc bo v cn thit v cch ly vi cc
phn c in trong cc iu kin vn hnh bnh thng, c xt n cc nh
hng ngoi lai.
2.3 Khi cn thit phi d b ro chn hoc tho v bc hoc mt phn v
bc th ch c th thc hin c bng cc bin php:
a) S dng cc kho hoc dng c, hoc;
b) Sau khi ct ngun in n cc phn c in nm trong phm vi bo
v ca ro chn hoc v bc , v vic phc hi li ngun in ch c th thc
hin sau khi thay th hoc ng li cc v bc hoc ro chn m ra chc
;
c) S dng cc ro chn tm thi c mc bo v t nht l IP2X
ngn chn tip xc vi cc phn c in, nhng ro chn nh vy ch c r b
bng kho m hoc dng c.
3. Bo v bng vt cn
Cc vt cn dng ngn chn cc tip xc v tnh ti cc phn c in
nhng khng ngn chn c cc tip xc ch bng cch c tnh i vng qua
cc vt cn.
3.1 Cc vt cn phi ngn chn c:
a) S tip cn v tnh thn th con ngi ti cc phn c in, hoc;
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Ia
Trong :
Ia l dng in tc ng ca thit b bo v:
Vi thit b bo v theo dng d l I n
Vi thit b bo v qu dng, l dng in tc ng 5 giy.
4. Bo v bng thit b c cch in kp hoc bng cch in tng ng
Bin php ny nhm ngn chn s xut hin in p nguy him cc
phn c th tip cn c ca thit b khi c s c cch in chnh.
a) Phi c bo v bng cc thit b in hoc bng cch in kp hoc
cch in tng cng m bo tiu chun;
b) Thit b in c cch in kp hoc tng cng phi c th nghim
hp chun v c nh du theo cc tiu chun lin quan;
c) Cch in b sung, thc hin trong qu trnh lp t bao bc cc thit b
ch c cch in chnh, m bo c mc an ton tng ng vi thit b
in c cch in kp hoc c tng cng;
d) Cch in tng cng thc hin trong qu trnh lp t bao bc cc
phn mang in trn bo m mc an ton tng ng vi thit b in
c th nghim hp chun, cch in ny ch p dng nhng phn v cu
trc trnh phi dng cch in kp;
e) Cc thit b in ang lm vic, tt c cc phn dn in c cch
ly vi nhau bng cch in chnh, phi c bc trong mt v cch in c mc
bo v t nht l IP2X;
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iu 17. Yu cu chung
Cc thit b bo v phi ct c mi qu dng chy trong dy dn trc
khi dng ny gy ra nguy him do cc hiu ng nhit v c hoc do nhit tng
qu cao lm h hng cch in, mi ni, cc u u dy hoc mi trng chung
quanh dy dn.
iu 18. Bo v chng qu ti
1. Phi hp gia dy dn v thit b bo v chng qu ti
Cc c tnh lm vic ca thit b bo v chng qu ti phi tho mn hai
iu kin sau:
IB In Iz
(1)
I 2 1,45 I z
(2)
trong :
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c) Mt s mch o lng.
min l tho mn ng thi c hai iu kin sau y:
Dy dn c x l gim ti thiu ri ro ngn mch
Dy dn khng c t gn cc vt liu d chy.
4. Bo v ngn mch cc dy dn song song
Mt thit b bo v c th bo v chng ngn mch nhiu dy dn u
song song min l c tnh lm vic ca thit b bo v y m bo tc ng hiu
qu khi c s c xy ra im nguy him nht trong mt dy dn. Cn xt n s
phn b dng ngn mch gia cc dy dn u song song. Mt im s c c th
c cung cp in t hai u ca mt dy dn song song.
Nu mt thit b bo v khng bo m, th c th s dng mt hay
nhiu trong cc bin php sau y:
a) C th s dng mt thit b bo v duy nht nu:
- H thng dy c c lp t gim ti thiu ri ro ngn mch
bt k dy dn no, th d bng bo v chng h hng v c hc v;
- Cc dy dn khng c t gn cc vt liu d chy.
b) Vi hai dy dn u song song, phi dng mt thit b bo v chng
ngn mch u vo ca tng dy;
c) Vi s dy u song song nhiu hn 2, cc thit b bo v chng ngn
mch phi c t c hai u cung cp v ph ti ca tng dy.
5. Cc c tnh ca thit b bo v chng ngn mch
Mi thit b bo v chng ngn mch phi p ng c hai iu kin sau
y:
a) Dng ct khng c nh hn dng ngn mch tnh ton ch t thit
b, tr trng hp cho php sau y:
- Cho php dng ct nh nu t pha trc mt thit b bo v khc
c kh nng ct. Trong trng hp ny, phi phi hp vi cc c tnh ca
thit b sao cho nng lng qua hai thit b bo v ny khng vt qu kh nng
chu ng v khng lm h hng thit b bo v pha sau v h hng dy dn
c bo v bng thit b ;
- Trong mt s trng hp, c th cn ch n mt s c tnh khc na
i vi thit b bo v pha sau nh lc in ng, nng lng h quang. Chi tit
cc thng tin cn thit nn tham kho nh ch to thit b.
b) Tt c cc dng in do ngn mch gy ra mt im bt k ca mch
phi c ct ngay khi cha lm nng dy dn ln ti nhit gii hn.
iu 20. Phi hp bo v qu ti v ngn mch
1. Bo v bng cng mt thit b
Khi bo v chng qu ti c dng ct ln hn dng in ngn mch tnh
ton im t thit b th coi nh c bo v ngn mch sy ra dy dn pha
sau im .
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a) Cc ni t;
b) V my bin p;
c) V kim loi ca cc cp cao p;
d) V kim loi ca cp h p tr khi c trung tnh c ni t qua cc
ni t ring;
e) Dy ni t ca h thng cao p;
g) V thit b cao v h p;
h) Cc phn ngoi lai c tnh dn in.
4. Bo v chng qu p kh quyn v do ng ct
H thng trang thit b in phi c bo v chng cc qu p qu do
thin nhin t li phn phi truyn n v chng cc qu p pht sinh do thao
tc cc thit b trong phm vi li.
Cn phi xt n cc qu p c th xut hin u vo ca H thng
trang thit b, mc st v v tr v cc c tnh ca tit b bo v qu p, sao
cho gim kh nng xy ra ng sut qu p n mc c th chp nhn c i
vi an ton ca ngi v ti sn, cng nh m bo lin tc cung cp in .
iu 24. Cc yu cu chung trong bo v chng st p
1. Khi c st p, hoc mt in p sau phc hi in p c th gy ra
cc trng thi nguy him cho ngi v thit b, th cn c bin php phng.
Cn lu n kh nng h hng mt phn ca h thng trang thit b hoc
thit b do st p gy ra.
Khng cn c thit b bo v st p nu cc h hng cho h thng trang
thit b hoc cho thit b c xt n mt ri ro c th chp nhn c, min
l khng c nguy him cho ngi.
2. Phi tnh n thi gian tr ca thit b bo v st p c th gy nguy
him n ngi v trang thit b.
3. Khi s dng mt cng tc t, phi tnh thi gian tr khi m v ng li
phi khng cn tr vic ct mch tc thi do iu khin hay do thit b bo v.
4. Cc c tnh ca thit b bo v chng st p phi ph hp vi cc yu
cu khi khi ng v vn hnh thit b.
5. Khi thit b bo v ng in tr li c kh nng gy ra mt trng thi
nguy him th vic ng li khng c lm vic t ng.
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3. Trong nhng mch nhiu pha m nhng dy pha c tit din ln hn16
mm bng ng hoc 25 mm2 bng nhm, dy dn trung tnh c th c tit din
nh hn tit din ca cc dy dn pha nu nhng iu kin sau c tho mn
ng thi:
2
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IB In Iz
I 2 1,45 I z
(2)
trong :
IB : l dng thit k s dng trong dy dn;
Iz : l dng cho php chy lin tc trong dy dn;
In : l dng nh mc ca thit b bo v.
i vi cc thit b bo v c th chnh c th dng in nh mc In l
dng c la chn khi chnh.
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4. Thao tc khn cp
4.1 Yu cu chung
Thao tc khn cp c th l khi ng khn cp hoc dng khn cp.
a) Phi c cc bin php ct khn cp mi b phn ca trang thit b,
c th cn phi iu khin s cung cp in loi tr cc nguy him bt ng;
b) Khi c ri ro in git, thit b ct khn cp phi ct tt c mi ng dy
c in tr trng hp dy dn bo v khng yu cu cch ly;
c) Cc phng tin ng ct khn cp, k c ngng khn cp, phi tc ng
trc tip ln cc ngun cung cp in;
d) Phi b tr sao cho ch cn mt ng tc l ct c ng ngun cung cp
in;
e) Cc thit b ct khn cp phi c b tr sao cho vic thao tc khng gy
ra nguy him tip theo hoc lm phc tp thm khi khc phc cc nguy him;
g) Phi c cc bin php ngng khn cp khi cc chuyn ng do in sinh
ra c th gy nguy him, nh: cu thang in, thang my, bng ti, ....
4.2 Cc thit b ct khn cp
a) Cc thit b ct khn cp phi ct c dng ti ca cc phn thit b c
lin quan c tnh n dng in ca ng c b hm;
b) Cc phng tin ct khn cp c th l:
- Mt thit b ct c th trc tip ct ngun cung cp, hoc
- Mt t hp cc thit b hot ng ch bng mt ng tc nhm mc ch
ct ngun cung cp.
c) Khi ngng khn cp, c th cn thit phi duy tr ngun cung cp, th d
hm li cc phn ng;
d) Cc thit b thao tc bng tay (tay cm, nt bm...) ct khn cp phi
c nhn dng r rng, sn mu trn nn tng phn thch hp;
e) Cc phng tin thao tc phi d tip cn nhng ch c th xy ra nguy
him v nhng ch thch hp, c th t xa loi tr c nguy him;
g) Cc phng tin thao tc cc thit b khn cp phi c th c kho li
v tr ct hoc ngng, tr khi c hai phng tin thao tc ct khn cp v ng
in li u di s gim st ca con ngi;
Sau khi gii phng mt thit b ct khn cp ra khng c cp in li cho
thit b.
h) Thit b ct khn cp, k c ngng khn cp phi c t v nh du
sao cho d nhn dng v thun tin cho vn hnh.
5. ng ct theo chc nng (iu khin)
5.1 Yu cu chung
a) Phi c thit b ng ct theo chc nng cho tng phn mch c nhu
cu phi iu khin c lp vi cc phn khc ca trang thit b;
b) Cc thit b ct theo chc nng khng cn thit phi ct tt c cc dy
c in ca mch
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iu 44. Ni t
1. Cc trang b ni t
1.1 Cc trang b ni t c dng chung hoc tch ring nhm mc ch
bo v v vn hnh theo cc yu cu ca trang thit b.
1.2 Vic la chn v lp t cc trang b ni t phi m bo:
a) Gi tr in tr ni t ph hp vi cc yu cu v bo v v vn hnh
thit b v duy tr c lu di;
b) Cc dng s c ni t v cc dng r xung t c th i qua m
khng gy nguy him, c bit do cc nh hng nhit, nhit c v c in;
1.3 Phi c bin php chng h hng cc b phn kim loi khc do cc tc
ng in phn.
2. Cc cc ni t
2.1. C th dng cc loi cc (cc) ni t sau:
a) Cc thanh, ng, cc tm hoc cc si dy;
b) Cc in cc (cc kim loi) nm trong y h mng;
c) Cc ct thp ca b tng;
d) Cc cu trc thch hp khc.
2.2. Loi v chn su ca cc cc (cc) ni t sao cho khi t kh v
ng bng khng lm tng in tr cc (cc) ni t vt qu gi tr yu cu.
2.3 Cc vt liu c dng lm cu trc cc cc (cc) phi sao cho chng
uc n mn.
2.4 Cc vt dn ca cc cng trnh khc ch c s dng lm cc ni t
khi c s tho thun ca ch cng trnh.
Cc ng dn cc cht c kh nng gy ra chy n (ng dn kh, ga, xng
du,...) th khng c dng lm cc ni t.
3. Dy ni t
a) Cc dy ni t phi tho mn cc yu cu v tit din ti thiu v khi
c chn di t th tit din phi khng nh hn gi tr trong bn ph lc 6;
b) Vic ni dy ni t vo cc (cc) ni t phi c thc hin sao cho
m bo bn c hc v kh nng dn in trong iu kin theo yu cu trong
iu kin vn hnh bnh thng.
Khi dng cc kp ni, khng c lm h hng cc (cc) hoc dy dn ni
t.
4. Cc u cc hoc cc thanh ni t chnh
Trong tt c cc trang thit b c yu cu ni t, phi c cc u cc hoc
thanh ni t chnh ni vo h thng ni t.
Cc u cc hoc thanh ni t chnh phi b tr ni d tip cn v o
c in tr tip t.
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iu 45. Dy bo v
1. Tit din ti thiu
a) Tit din dy dn khng c nh hn gi tr xc nh theo cng thc
sau: (ch p dng vi thi gian ct khng qu 5s)
S=
I 2t
k
trong :
S: tit din (mm2).
I: Gi tr (hiu dng xoay chiu) ca dng s c ln nht c th chy qua
thit b bo v (A).
t: Thi gian vn hnh ca trang b ct tnh bng giy (s).
k: H s ph thuc vo vt liu ca dy dn bo v, vo cch in v cc
b phn khc v nhit ban u v cui cng. Gi tr h s k i vi cc dy
dn bo v trong cc iu kin khc nhau c nu trong cc bng Ph lc 7,
Ph lc 8, Ph lc 9 v Ph lc 10.
Tit din dy dn khi tnh ton nh hn gi tr tit din tiu chun th s
dng dy dn c tit din chun ho cao hn gn nht.
Tit din c tnh ton nh trn phi ph hp vi cc iu kin c quy
nh cho tng tr mch vng s c.
V cc gii hn nhit i vi cc trang thit b trong cc mi trng d
chy n, c quy nh ring.
Cn phi tnh n cc nhit cc i cho php i vi cc mi ni.
b) Cc tit din dy dn bo v khng c nh hn cc tit din ch
trong bng Ph lc 10. Trong trng hp ny, khng cn kim tra theo iu 47.
Nu p dng bng ny dn n cc gi tr khng c tiu chun ho th
s dng cc dy n c tit din c tiu chun ho cao hn gn nht.
Cc gi tr trong bng ph lc 10 ch c gi tr nu cc vt liu ca dy dn
bo v l cng kim loi nh cc dy dn pha. Nu khng tho mn, th cc tit
din ca cc dy dn bo v c xc nh theo cch c c in dn tng
ng nh p dng bng Ph lc 10.
c) Trong tt c cc trng hp, cc dy dn bo v khng phi l mt phn
ca cp cung cp hoc v bc cp th phi c tit din ti thiu l:
2,5 mm2 nu c bo v v c.
4 mm2 nu khng c bo v v c.
2. Cc loi dy dn bo v
a) Cc dy dn bo v c th l:
- Cc dy dn trong cc cp nhiu si.
- Cc dy dn c cch in hoc trn trong mt v bc chung vi cc dy
dn c in.
- Cc dy dn ring r trn c nh hoc c cch in.
29
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QCVN : QT
3. Dy dn bo v ch c ni vo cc v ca cc thit b in m vic cp
in cho thit b in s b ngt khi thit b bo v lm vic trong cc iu kin s
c.
iu 47. Trang b ni t nhm mc ch vn hnh
Cc trang b ni t cho cc mc ch vn hnh phi thc hin sao cho
m bo thit b vn hnh tt v cho php trang thit b vn hnh chnh xc v tin
cy.
iu 48. Trang b ni t cho mc ch bo v v vn hnh
Khi cn ni t cho mc ch kt hp bo v v vn hnh, th cc yu cu
v bin php bo v phi c u tin hn.
iu 49. Cc dy ni lin kt ng th
Tit din ti thiu ca dy ni ng th phi tho mn iu kin sau:
1. Dy dn ng th chnh
Dy dn ng th chnh phi c tit din khng nh hn mt na tit din
dy dn bo v ln nht ca h thng trang thit b v t nht l 6 mm 2. Tuy nhin
tit din ny khng qu 25 mm 2 nu l ng hoc thit din tng ng nu l
mt kim loi khc.
2. Dy dn ng th ph.
Nu c dy dn ng th ph ni hai v thit b, th tit din ca dy ng
th ph c th c tit din khng nh hn dy dn bo v nh hn trong hai dy
dn bo v ni vo hai phn h .
Nu dy dn ng th ph ni cc v thit b vi mt yu t c tnh dn
in ngoi lai th tit din ca n khng c nh hn mt na tit din dy dn
bo v tng ng.
Mc V: MT S THIT B KHC
iu 50. Thit b pht in h p (MF)
1. Phm vi p dng
p dng cho cc h thng in h p i km theo cc t my pht in
nhm cung cp lin tc hoc gin on cho tt c hay mt phn h thng trang
thit b hoc cung cp cho cc thit b lu ng khng u ni thng xuyn vo
mt h thng trang thit b c nh. Thit b pht in h p c th bao gm cc
thnh phn nh : ng c my n, Tua bin, ng c in, Pin mt tri, Ac quy,
cc ngun khc...
p dng cho cc my pht ng b c kch thch chnh hoc kch thch c
lp, my pht khng ng b c kch thch hoc t kch thch, my i in.
p dng cho cc dng cung cp sau:
a) Cung cp in cho mt h thng trang thit b khng u ni vi li
in phn phi cng cng;
31
QCVN : QT
QCVN : QT
50
Ia
trong
Ia: l dng in chm t cc i c th do b chnh lu cung cp n c
trong thi gian ti a ti 5 giy.
b) Phi c cc bin php hay phi la chn thit b sao cho thit b bo v
lm vic ng, h hi do b o in hoc thit b lc gy ra.
5. Bo v chng qu dng i vi MF
5.1. i vi cc h thng trang thit b m my pht c cung cp thay
th cho li phn phi, Cn c cc thit b cch ly sao cho my pht khng th
lm vic song song vi ngun cng cng (k c dy trung tnh).
5.2. i vi cc h thng trang thit b m cc my pht c th lm vic
song song vi ngun cng cng :
a) Khi la chn v s dng my pht chy song song vi li phn phi
cng cng, cn ch trnh cc tc dng ngc n mng li cung cp v
cc h thng trang thit b khc v mt h s cng sut, bin i in p, sng
iu ho, mt cn bng, khi ng, ng b v cc tro lu in p;
33
QCVN : QT
34
QCVN : QT
35
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4. Cc h thng i dy.
a) Nu s dng b n treo, b phn gi phi chu c ti trng bng 5
ln khi lng ca b n. Dy cp v dy dn gia b phn treo v n phi
c lp t sao cho khng c ng sut cng v son ti mi ni;
b) Khi dy cp v dy dn cch in c lun qua n khi lp t, phi
la chn dy dn v cp thch hp nh quy nh v ch s dng cc b n ch
to c lun dy qua.
5. Bo v chng in git i vi cc gi n
Phi c bo v chng in git bng cch :
a) Hoc dng ngun cung cp in p an ton, hoc;
b) Dng thit b bo v tc ng bng dng in d, t ng ct ngun
cung cp, c gi tr dng in d nh mc khng vt qu 30 mA;
c) Cc bin php khc.
KT.B TRNG
TH TRNG
36
QCVN : QT
BNG PH LC
Ph lc 1 : in p ng sut xoay chiu cho php
in p ng sut xoay chiu cho php trn thit b ca thit
tr h p (V)
Uo+ 250 V
> 5s
Uo + 1200 V
5s
Ghi ch
Trong cc trng hp c bit (th d nh khi mt dy pha b chm
t), in p nh mc ca h thng h p vi t khng phi l Uo, in p
ny phi c quy nh r.
Dng trn cng ca bng lin quan n h thng c thi gian ct di, th
d h thng cao p ni t qua cun cm. Dng th hai trn bng lin quan n
h thng c thi gian ct ngn, th d h thng cao p ni t trc tip. C hai
dng u lin quan n tiu chun thit k cch in ca thit b h p khi c
qu p tm thi.
37
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38
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39
AA:Nhit (0C)
AF: n mn
AA1 -60 +5
AF1: khng ng k
AA2 -40 +5
AA3 -25 +5
AF2:
quyn
AA4 -5
AM3: in t
AA5 +5 +40
AM4: ion ho
AA6 +5 +60
AG: va p
AM5: tnh in
+40
trong
AM: Bc x
AM1: khng
kh k
AM2: dng...
ng
AM6: cm ng
AG3: nng
AN1: yu
AC1 2000
AH: Rung
AC2
AH1: nh
AN3: mnh
AP: ng t
> 2000
AD: Nc
Nhit xung quanh
QCVN : QT
AD1:
k
khng
ng AH3: nng
AD2: nh git
AN: Nng
AJ: Cc nh hng
AP1:
k
khng
c hc khc
AP2: yu
ng
AD3:
ti
trn mt
AD4:
AD5:
AD6:
AD7:
AD8:
nc
AE: Vt rn
AE1:
k
khng
ng
AR1: yu
AR2: trung bnh
AE2: nh
AR3: mnh
AE3: rt nh
AS :Gi
AE4: bi t
AS1: yu
AE5:
bnh
ng
bi
trung
AE6: bi nhiu
40
BA:Nng lc
BE: Vt liu ct
kho hoc ch bin
BA2: tr em
KV1: kh
BE1: khng ng k
BA3: khuyt tt
KV2: ng ngi
BE2: ho hon
BA4:
bit
iu kin s dng
QCVN : QT
hiu KV3: kh v ng
BE4: ly nhim
thnh
BC4: lin tc
CB: Kt cu
CA: Vt liu
CA1: khng chy
C
BE3: n
CA2: chy nh
CB1:
k
khng
ng
CB2:
chy
lan
truyn
CB3:
ng
chuyn
CB4: mm un
41
QCVN : QT
Kiu cch in
Polyvinyl-chloride (PVC)
Li polyethylene (XLPE) v ethylene propylene cao
90 dy dn b
su
Kiu khong cht (c v bc PVC hoc khng v
70 v
tip cn c)
Kiu khong cht (khng c v bc, khng tip cn
105 v b, c
c v khng tip xc vi vt liu d chy)
a Nhit dy dn cc i cho php cho trong bng, l cn c tnh dng
in ti.
b Khi dy dn lm vic nhit qu 70 oC th phi xc nh xem thit b ni
vo c ph hp vi nhit ch u ni khng.
c Vi mt vi loi cch in c bit, c th cho php nhit vn hnh cao
hn tu theo loi cp, u cp, v cc iu kin mi trng chung quanh v cc
nh hng bn ngoi.
Ph lc 4 Tit din ti thiu cc dy dn
Kiu h thng dy dn
Cc
trang
thit b
c nh
Cp hoc cc
dy dn cch
in
Dy dn trn
S dng mch
Vt liu
Cc mch ng lc v
thp sng
ng
Nhm
Cc mch tn hiu v iu
khin
ng
Cc mch ng lc
ng
Nhm
Cc mch tn hiu v iu
khin
ng
i vi mt thit b c
bit
Cc lin h mm bng
cc dy dn cch in
hoc cc cp
i vi tt c cc thit b
khc
Cc mch c in p rt
thp i vi nhng p
dng c bit
42
ng
Dy dn
Tit din mm2
1,5
2.5 (xem ghi
ch 1)
0,5 (xem ghi
ch 2)
10
16
4
Theo tiu
chun tng
ng
0,75 (xem ghi
ch 3)
0,75
QCVN : QT
Ghi ch:
1. Cc dy u ni c dng u nhng dy dn nhm phi c th
nghim v c chp nhn cho vic s dng c bit ny.
2. Mt tit din ti thiu l 0,1 mm2 c chp nhn trong nhng mch tn hiu
v iu khin dng cho nhng thit b in t
a) Trong nhng cp mm nhiu si cha by hoc nhiu hn, p dng ghi ch
2.
in p nh mc ca cng trnh
kV
H thng ba pha
V
Cp qu p III
Cp qu p IV
220/380
Nh iu 46 i hi
Khng c bo v c kh
16 mm2 ng
16mm2 st
2
Khng c bo v c chng 25 mm ng
r
50mm2 st
Ph lc 7 : Cc gi tr ca k i vi cc dy dn bo v c cch in
khng i lin vi Cp hoc cc dy dn bo v trn tip xc vi cc
v cp
Bn cht cch in ca dy dn bo v hoc v cp
PVC
Nhit cui
1600C
Vt liu dy dn
ng
143
PRC
EPR
Cao su
2500C
2200C
176
166
43
QCVN : QT
Nhm
95
116
11
Thp
52
64
60
Ph lc 8 : Cc gi tr ca k i vi cc dy dn bo v l mt rut trong mt
cp nhiu rut
Vt liu cch in
PVC
XLPE
EPR
Cao su
Nhit ban u
700C
900C
850C
Nhit cui
1600C
2500C
2200C
Vt liu dy dn
ng
115
143
134
Nhm
76
94
89
Trong khu vc
iu kin bnh
trng thy v
C ri ro chy
thng
dnh ring
5000C
2000C
1500C
228
159
138
3000C
2000C
1500C
125
105
91
5000C
2000C
1500C
82
58
50
Vt
k
Nhm Nh. cao nht
k
Thp Nh. cao nht
k
16
44
QCVN : QT
16<S 35
S>35
S/2
45