Operating Systems Syllabus

P.C.P.Bhat/Bangalore V1/1-8-04/1
OPERATING SYSTEMS
Aim: On completing this course the students should have acquired the following
capabilities:
1. An appreciation of the role of an operating system.
2. Become aware of the issues in the management of resources like processor,
memory and input-output.
3. Should be able to select appropriate productivity enhancing tools or utilities for
specific needs like filters or version control.
4. Obtain some insight into the design of an operating system.
Module 1: Introduction to OS (3)
Operating systems: Application scenarios, kind of resource support needed by
applications, what is an Operating System and what support is provided to run an
application, hardware and software layers, organization of a computer system,
operational view of a computing system with resources like processor, memory, input and
output, issues in resource management, a bare-bone operating system, introduction to the
issues in communication with devices, kernel and shell of an operating system, processes
and file
Module 2: File Systems and Management (4.5)
File systems: What is a file, user view of files, file types and file operations, file types in
Unix and Microsoft, file operation commands, file access rights, file storage
management, Inode or FAT structure, file control blocks, root file system, directory and
file paths, blocks, impact of block size selection, contiguous allocation, chained and
indexed allocations, Impact of allocation policy on fragmentation, mapping file blocks on
the disk platter, cylinder, disk access control and scheduling
Module 3: Process Management (6)
Processor resource management: Explanation of processor as a resource, definition of a
process, processor utilization, multi-processing and time sharing, response time, process
state, process state transitions, process scheduling, short-term and long term schedules,
non-pre-emptive and pre-emptive scheduling policies, time slice, policies like FCFS, SJ F
etc. Gantt charts and parameters to compare policy performance, context switching of
process state information. Kernel architecture: User and kernel mode of operation,
System calls, process states, kernel operations, design of a scheduler.
Module 4: Memory Management (6)
Motivation for memory management, when and where primary and secondary memory
management is needed, compiled code and memory relocation, linking and loading,
processes and primary memory management, memory allocation policies, critique of
various policies like first fit, best fit, internal and external fragmentation, secondary
memory management, fixed and variable partitions, virtual memory concept, paging and
page replacement policies, page faults, thrashing, hardware support for paging,
segmentation, segmentation with paging

Operating Systems Syllabus
P.C.P.Bhat/Bangalore V1/1-8-04/2
Module 5: Input Output Management (4.5)
Issues in human centric, device centric and computer centric IO management, input
output modes, programmed IO, polling, interrupt mode of IO, various types of interrupts,
interrupt servicing, priority interrupts, interrupt vectors, direct memory access (DMA)
mode of transfer, setting up DMAs, device drivers, interrupt handling using device
drivers, buffer management, device scheduling, disk scheduling algorithms and policies.
Module 6: Resource Sharing and Management (3)
Shared resources, resource allocation and scheduling, resource graph models, deadlocks,
deadlock detection, deadlock avoidance, deadlock prevention algorithms, mutual
exclusion, semaphores, wait and signal procedures.
Module 7: Interprocess communication (3)
Spawning a new process, parent and child processes, assigning a task to child processes,
need for communication between processes, modes of communication, pipes, shared
files, shared memory, message based IPC, signals as IPC, the distribute computing
environment.
Module 8: Real time Systems and Microkernels (3)
Characteristics of real-time operating systems, classification of real-time systems,
architectures of real-time systems, micro-kernels, scheduling in RTOS, rate monotonic
scheduling, priority inversion, RTOS for hand-held devices.
Module 9: OS and Security (3)
Security breaches, types of attacks, attack prevention methods, security policy and access
control, OS design considerations for security, access, policy and access control, OS
design considerations for security, access control lists and OS support, internet and
general network security.
Module 10: OS primer (1.5)
Basic file creation, editing and storage, accessing and organizing files, editor tools and
file management operations.
Module 11: Search, sort tools (1.5)
Basic string search commands, find commands, commands to sort with their options.
Module 12: AWK tool (1.5)
AWK tool, AWK syntax, AWK grammar, examples for processing.
Module 13: Shell scripts (1.5)
Productivity tools, different shells, shell scripts
Module 15: Make tool (1.5)
When to use Make, how to use Make, macros abstractions and shortcuts.


Operating Systems Syllabus
P.C.P.Bhat/Bangalore V1/1-8-04/3
Module 16: Other useful tool (1.5)
Tar and other utilities, file compression tools, image and multi-media file formats,
profiling tools.
Module 17: Version control tool (1.5)
Need for version control, sccs, cvs and other version control tools.
Module 18: Window metaphor and GUI (1.5)
Need for a desktop metaphor, window systems and associated controls, graphical
interface (GUI),
Module 19: System administration (1.5)
Administration tasks, user account management, start and shutdown procedures, setting
up operational environment for a new user.

Operating Systems Syllabus
P.C.P.Bhat/Bangalore V1/1-8-04/4
Lecture Plan
Modules Learning Units Hours Total
Hours
1. Typical application scenarios and role of OS in resource
management, operational view of a computer system
and a bare-bone OS
1.5 1. Introduction to
Operating Systems
2. Issues in resource management, OS shell and rationale
for a OS kernel, the concept of support tools utilities to
enhance user productivity
1.5
3
3. Concept of a file, user and system view of the files, file
operations and elementary file commands.
1.5
4. File hierarchies and directories, file paths, more on file
operations and command, access permissions, file
control blocks and inode and FAT structures.
1.5
2. File management
5. File organizations and allocation, internal and external
fragmentation, physical lay out of files on disks.
1.5
4.5
6. Processor resource management: Explanation of
processor as a resource, definition of a process,
processor utilization, multi-processing and time-sharing,
response times.
1.5
7. Process state, process state transitions, process
scheduling, short-term and long-term schedules, non-
pre-emptive and pre-emptive scheduling policies.
1.5
8. Scheduling policies like FCFS, SJ F etc. Gantt charts
and parameters to compare policy performance, context
switching of process state information
1.5
3. Process Management
9. Kernel Architecture: User and kernel mode of operation,
System calls, process states, kernel operations,
design of a scheduler
1.5
6
10. Motivation for memory management, when and where
primary and secondary memory management is needed,
compiled code and memory relocation, linking and
loading,
1.5
11. Processes and primary memory management, memory
allocation policies, critique of various policies like first
fit, best fit, internal and external fragmentation
1.5
12. Secondary memory management, fixed and variable
partitions, virtual memory concept, paging and page
replacement policies
1.5
4. Memory management
13. Page faults, thrashing, and hardware support for paging,
TLB scheme segmentation, segmentation with paging.
1.5
6
5. Input Output
management
14. Issues in human centric, device centric and computer
centric IO management, input output modes,
programmed IO, polling.
1.5 4.5
Operating Systems Syllabus
P.C.P.Bhat/Bangalore V1/1-8-04/5
15. interrupt mode of IO, various types of interrupts,
interrupt servicing, priority interrupts, interrupt vectors,
direct memory access (DMA) mode of transfer, setting
up DMAs
1.5
16. Device drivers, interrupt handling using device drivers,
buffer management, device scheduling, disk scheduling
algorithms and policies
1.5

17. Shared resources, resource allocation and
Scheduling, resource graph models.
1.5 6. Resource sharing and
management
18. Deadlocks, deadlock detection, deadlock avoidance,
prevention algorithms, mutual exclusion, semaphores,
signal procedures.
1.5
3
19. Spawning a new process, parent and child processes,
assigning a task to child processes, need for
communication between processes
1.5 7. Interprocess communicati
20. Modes of communication, pipes, shared
files shared memory, message based IPC,
signals as IPC, the distributed computing
environment.
1.5
3
21. Characteristics of real-time operating systems,
classification of real-time systems, architectures
of real-time systems, micro-kernels devices State
1.5 8. Real-time Systems and
Micro-kernels
22. Scheduling in RTOS, rate monotonic
scheduling, priority inversion, RTOS for
Hand-held Devices.
1.5
3
23. Security breaches, types of attacks, attack prevention
security policy and Access control OS design conside
security.
1.5 9. OS and Security
24. Access control lists and OS support, internet and genera
security

3
10. OS primer 25. Basic file creation, editing and storage,
accessing and organizing files, editor
tools and file management operations
1.5 1.5
11. Search, Sort tools 26. Basic string search commands, find commands,
commands to sort with their options.
1.5 1.5
12. AWK tool 27. AWK tool, AWK syntax, AWK grammar, examples for
processing
1.5 1.5
13. Shell scripts 28. Productivity tools, different shells, shell scripts 1.5 1.5
14. Make tool 29. When to use Make, how to use Make, macros
abstractions and short cuts
1.5 1.5
15. Other useful tools 30. Tar and other utilities, file compression tools, image and
multi-media file formats, profiling tools.
1.5 1.5
16. Version control tools 31. Need for version control, sccs, cvs and other version
control tools.
1.5 1.5

Operating Systems Syllabus
P.C.P.Bhat/Bangalore V1/1-8-04/6
17. Window metaphor
and GUI
32. Need for a desk top metaphor, window
systems and associated controls, graphical interface (GUI)
1.5 1.5
18. System Administration 33. Administration tasks, user account management,
shutdown procedures, setting up operational
environment for a new user.
1.5 1.5