Conditional sentences

The conditional sentences are sometimes confusing for learners of English.

Watch out:
1) Which type of the conditional sentences is used?
2) Where is the if-clause (e.g. at the beginning or at the end of the conditional sentence)?
There are three types of the if-clauses.
type condition
condition possible to fulfill
condition in theory possible to fulfill
condition not possible to fulfill (too late)
Form
type if clause main clause
Simple Present will-future (or Modal + infinitive)
Simple Past would + infinitive *
Past Perfect would + have + past participle *
Examples (if-clause at the beginning)
type if clause main clause
f study! will pass the e"am.
f studied! would pass the e"am.
f had studied! would have passed the e"am.
Examples (if-clause at the end)
type main clause if-clause
will pass the e"am if study.
would pass the e"am if studied.
would have passed the e"am if had studied.
Examples (affirmative and negative sentences)
type Eamples
lon! forms short"contracted forms

# f study! will pass the e"am. f study! #ll pass the e"am.
-
f study! will not fail the e"am.
f do not study! will fail the e"am.
f study! won#t fail the e"am.
f don#t study! #ll fail the e"am.

# f studied! would pass the e"am. f studied! #d pass the e"am.

-
f studied! would not fail the e"am.
f did not study! would fail the e"am.
f studied! wouldn#t fail the e"am.
f didn#t study! #d fail the e"am.

#
f had studied! would have passed the
e"am.
f #d studied! #d have passed the e"am.
-
f had studied! would not have
failedthe e"am.
f had not studied! would have
failedthe e"am.
f #d studied! wouldn#t have failed the
e"am.
f hadn#t studied! #d have failed the
e"am.
$ We can substitute could or mi!ht for would (should! may or must are sometimes possible! too).
would pass the e"am.
could pass the e"am.
mi!ht pass the e"am.
may pass the e"am.
should pass the e"am.
must pass the e"am.