-

-\-a-kvIm-cw

(Xp-S--)

\akvIm-c-n kwK-X-am-bXpw
Am--Xp-amb Imcy-
Ic-bpI, ]mv, tX XpSn D]-{Z-hImcn-I-fmb Pohn-Isf sImpI, Ipnsb hln-pI, BwKyw hgn kemw aS-pI,
Hman- n- m ]pcp- j- m Xkv_ olv sNmp-I tbm, kv { XoI ssIap- p-I tbm sNpI, Camw Bbv ad- m
]d-p-sIm-Sp-pI, Xpn-bm v] Fv ]d-bpI, A\n-hm-cy-sa-n AWn hkv{X-e
-
- n kpPqZv sNpI,
kXw \Ip coXn- b n sXm A\- pI, apkv l - ^ n t\mn HmXpI, \a- k v I m- c - h p- a mbn _- a n- m
Imcy--fn a\v hym]-cn- pI BZn-bm-bh sImv \a-kvIm-c-n\v `wKw (_e) hcp-n.
Ic-n: A_vZp-m-ln_v\p inJvJo (d) ]d-bpp:

Dj] (^] (]e (uE ^f ] q] m m ( m "

# # ] km

(dkq (k) \a-kvI-cn-p-Xv Rm In-pv. Nn Xnf-p- i_vZw t]mse Ic-n Imc-W-ambn \_n (k)
bpsS s\n \nv i_vZw hcp-am-bn-cpp).
]mv, tX XpS-n-b-hsb sIm: \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn A_q-lp-ssdd (d) D-cn-pp:

D] h^v uE h ] n$v] V $ ] m ] ]j]

(cv ZpjvS-Po-hn-Isf, ]mn-s\bpw tXfn-t\bpw \a-kvIm-c-n sImp-sIm-pI.)

Ipd \Sw: Bbni (d) ]d-bpp:

$ k $ o q $ $ xj o kvjj^ kr n h^f] knf ] ( m "

# # ] ^
Dj] (]e (uE f ] h^f ]
(dkq (k) hon \a- k v I - c n- p-I -b mWv . hmXn AS- n- c pp. Rm sNv hmXn Xpd- m- \ m-h - i y-s p.
\_n(k) \S- p- h p F\np hmXn XpdpXp. ]ns \a- k v I m- c - - e - t v Xncn- p- t]mbn. hmXn
Jn_ve-bpsS `mK-m-Wp-m-bn-cp-Xv Fv Bbni (d) ]dp.)
Jn_v e -b psS `mKp\nv sXmsX thWw C{]-I mcw \S- p- Xv . A- -] w AXv \a-k v I m- c - n\v `wKw
hcppw.
Ipnsb G: A_q-J-XmZ (d) ]d-bpp:

Dn jE ^a ^ r% ] ] ^` ] ( i^ o ^ ] e ke ^ ^$] % m "
# $ f$] km

(\_n (k) P\-p \a-kvIm-c-n t\XrXzw \Ip-t m A_p-B-kns aI Dama \_n (k)bpsS
tXmfn-ep-m-bn-cp -Xmbn Rm Ip. dpIq-Av sNp-t m Atlw Ahsf Xmsg shpw.kpPq-Zn\nvFgp-t-m
]nsbpw Ahsf tXmfn-tepw.)
BwKyw hgn kemw aS-: kpssl_v (d) ]d-bpp:

D] h^v uE ^ $ $ k$ ( m a "
#
] e l

(Rm \_n(k)bpsS Nmtc \S-p-t]mbn. Atlw \a-kvI-cn-p- IbmWv. Rm kemw sNmn. \_n (k) BwKyw
hgn kemw aSn.)
Hman-n-m Xkv_olpw ssIappw: \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn klvep_v\p kA-vZp-mCZo (d) ]d-bpp:

D^] (]e (uE ^q( xnfj] ^( n j] ^$ ( # ] ^vf n i o n e ^

(\a-kv I m-c- n Bs- nepw h {]iv \ hp-a p- m-bm Abm kp_v lm-\ -mlv Fv ]d-b s. ssIsImv
kv{XoIp-XmWv. Xkv_olv ]pcp-j-mpw.)
Cam-ans\ Hman-n-: C_v\p-D-a (d) ]d-bpp:

^ V ^ ( V ^ [^ l` Ve ^ ^$ n fj^ ^` n
o$ "
[ $ xji
# $ f$] $
D]eE

\_n (k) tNmZnp: Xm R-tfm-sSm--ap-m-bn-cp-nt? Atlw ]dp: AsX. \_n (k) tNmZnp: Fnv
Fs Hman-n-m Fm-bn-cpp Xm v XSw?)
Xpn-bm v] Fv ]d-b: cn^mAp-_v\p dm^nAv (d) ]d-bpp:

o$ ^$ om ^e$ g% vm ^ n ^ ^f ^fn( ] n% ]u # v] V k k_ "

# # ] kn$
^m ^ V ^ ^ %^%$] ^ $ $ u $ jm n ^%$] ^ $ $ u $ jm [ $ ] ( j] V^ "
# # ]
Dj] (^]E ^` e m ` m% ^ $$ e ^a je] n e $ v $] V ^ # ]

(Rm \_n (k)bpsS ]nn \a-kvI-cnp. Rm Xpn. Fnv om ]u v] Fv ]dp.

\a-kvIm-cm-\cw \_n (k) tNmZnp: \a-kvIm-c-n kwkm-cn B BcmWv? Bcpw Hpw ann-bn. cm-aXpw
\_n (k) tNmZnp. Bcpw ann-bn-. Atlw aqm-aXpw tNmZnp. Atm cn^m-Av ]dp: Rm\mWv, Amlp-hns ZqXtc. \_n(k) ]dp: apl--Zns Bmhv BcpsS ssIbn-emtWm B Am-lp-hn kXyw. X-fn
Bv AXp-ambn Am-lp-hn-tev Ib-d n-t m-I m-\ m-h p-sa an ap-Xncw ae-p-I AXp kzoI-cn-m
[rXn-s-Sp-I-bp-mbn.)
A\n-hm-cy-sa-n AWn hkv{X--e-n kpPqZv sN: C_v\p Amkv (d) ]d-bpp:

DuE ^a e ] $ u e j$m u] h$ o$ "

# $ f] $

(\_n(k) hkv { Xm- ew sImv \nes XWppw NqSpw XSp- p- s Imv Htc- s bmcp hkv { X- a - W np
\a-kvI-cnp.)
A\p-hmZw \Ip coXn-bn sXm-b-\-: Aen (d) ]d-bpp:

^^ i%q k xvi ( m iq kj] ni m ] ^` n jni m ^ "

# # ] ^
D^] (uE

(Rm dkqen(k)s\ kao-]n-p Hcp \nnX ka-b-ap-m-bn-cp p. Rm sNm \_n (k)tbmSv A\p-hmZw
tNmZnpw. Atlw \a-kvI-cn-p-sIm-n-cn-t-bmWv Rm sNp--sX-n Atlw sXm -b-\pw. Atm Rm
{]th-inpw. \a-kvImc-n-e-s-n F\nv A\p-hmZw \Ipw.)
apkvl-^n t\mn HmX: ZIvhm (d) apkvl-^n t\mn HmXn-sm-mWv da-Zm-\nse cm{Xn \a-kvIm-c-n
BCim(d)v t\XrXzw \In-bn-cp--sXv Camw amenIv (d) D-cn-n-pv.

\a-kvIm-c-n A`n-Im-ay-a-m-Xv
\a-kvIm-c-nse kp-p-I Hp-t]mepw hnSmsX \nhln- -emWv \a-kvIm-c-ns ]qW-cq]w. kpv
Hgn-hm-p-Xpw Xmsg ]dbp hXpw \a-kvIm-c-n-\n-Sbvv sNepw A\`n-Im-ayamWv.
1). hkv{ Xw sImtm, ssIIm-ep-I sImtm A\m-h-iy-ambn hXpw sNbvXp-sIm- n-cn-pI: apsF-Jn_v (d)
]d-bpp.

ov] mi u] ^ $ e k ( i k ov] xi V ^ $ ] ov] x #

" $ f$] k
D^r] ]E

(\a-kvIm-c-n Nc \nc-m-p-Xp kw_-nv Rm \_n (k)tbmSv tNmZnp. Atm Atlw ]dp:

\a-kvI-cn-p-sIm-n -cnt Nc \nc-m--cpXv. sNbvtX ]q Fp-s-n Ncv \nc-m H--hW am{Xw.)
\a- k v I m- c - n XpStc sNmdn- p-s Im- n-c n- pI, Ah-b -h - Cf- n- s m- n- c n- pI, hnc s]mn- pI
XpS-n-b-hbpw CXp-t]mse Xs-bmWv.
2). Ducbvv ssI sImSp-pI: A_q-lp-ssdd (d) ]d-bpp:

D]eE $ ] ^j ] "
# # ] o`

(\a-kvIm-c-n Ducbvv ssI sImSpp \npXv dkq (k) \ntcm-[n-n-cn-pp.)

3). tatemv t\mpI: \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn A_q-lp-ssdd (d) ]d-bpp:

D^] ( (uE a ^e $ _j $ ] ^$ ] o a ^e m ] $ n `jn

(\a- k v I m- c - n Ip- I tatemv Dbp- - h AXn\nv ]nn- c n- b Ww. Cs- n Ah- c psS Imgv N
\jvS-s-p-shp hcmw.)
4). \a-kvIm-c-n\nv {iXncn-p Imcy- {in-pI: Bbni (d) ]d-bpp:

j V ^
^` n o$ "
(^f]E j n ^rfe i `q oe ^` e ]f a ] a
# $ f$] $
D

(\_n (k) hcbpw Ipdn-bp-ap Hcp hkv{X-a-Wnv \a-kvI-cnp. ]ns Atlw ]dp: CXnse hcbpw Ipdnbpw
Fs {i sXnp. CXp A_q-P-lvan\v sImSp-pI. Abm-fpsS An-Pm\o hkv{Xw sIm p-h-cnI.)
5). \a-kv I m-c- n\nv kemw sNmn hnc-a n- p-tm cv `mK -t pw ssIsImv BwKyw ImWn-pI:
Pm_n-dp-_v\p -k-apd (d) ]d-bpp:

o m m u m ^$ n h^ ^` $ `mme ( m a ^e ^ V ^ "
# ( f$] ( ^$
D^]E n $ ] n $ ] m $ $
(R \_n (k)bpsS ]nn \a-kvI-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Hcn- Atlw ]dp: FmWv Cq-v! Ah
ssII Cfn kemw sNmpp. Ip{n-s b- S p- p IpXn- c -b psS hmep-t ]mse! \n- f n Hmtcm-c p- cpw ssI
XpS-bn shv A-emap Assepw, A-emap Asepw Fv ]d-m aXn.)
6). hkv{Xw \ne-n-g-bpw-hn[w Xmgvn-bn-SpI: A_q-lp-ssdd (d) ]d-bpp:

$ ] $ ] "
D^v] ] ]E ^ q$ ] _( m
# # ] o`

(\a-kvIm-c-n hkv{Xw Xmgvn-bp-Sp-p-Xpw hmb-aq-Sn-s-p -Xpw \_n (k) \ntcm-[n-n-cn-pp.)

7. `Ww apn-en-cnt \a-kvI-cn-: \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn BCi (d) D-cn-pp:

$ ] kn ^ ] ]
D (uE ^ ^e ]e^

(`Ww FSp- p-s h- p-Ibpw \a-k v Im-c -n\v CJm-av hnfn- p-I bpw sNbv Xm \n `Ww sImv
XpS-pI.)
8). ae-aq-{X -hn-k-\-n\v app-tmgpw a\-ns\ aYn-p ap {]iv\--fp--tmgpw \a-kvI-cn-: \_n (k)
]d--Xmbn Yu_m (d) D-cn-pp:

f kne m (` ^ ` ^ % ^e
% n ^ q % m V$ ` m u % vi '$
Dj] (]e] (uE $ jm oj$u ^u a ( m ( jm

(aqv Imcyw sNpI Bpw kwK-X-a. Bcpw Hcp kwLn\v \a-kvIm-c-n t\XrXzw \Ip-Ibpw Ahsc
Hgn-hmn X\n-p- thn am{Xw {]mYn-p-I bpw sN-c pXv. As\ sNbvX m Ah Ahsc hnp. kXw
tNmZn- pw-a pv Hcp hons Dnepw t\m -c pXv . As\ sNbv X m Ah A\phm-Z-a n-msX Xs AIv
{]th-in-p-I-gnp. aq{Xw ]nSn-p-shv AXn\nv apn t\SmsX \a-kvI-cn--bpacpXv.)
9. Ddw Xqn-smv \a-kvI-cn-: \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn BCi (d) D-cn-pp:

D^r] ]E g% n jm ga m $
^ a o$ ] $ $] ga m oj$u n u ]

(\n-fn Bsc-nepw Ddw Xqn-bm Ddw amdpw-hsc Abm Dd- s. ImcWw, Ddw Xqn- s mv
\a-kvI-cn-p-tm Abm ]m]-tam-N-\-n\v tXSp-Xp kzbw A[n-t-]n--embn amdn-sbv hcmw.)
10. Cam-a-m--h ]n-bn Htc ew sXc-s-Sp-: A_vZpd-lvam-\p_v\p in_v (d) ]d-bpp:

e] (uE n f] ( m ^ r] ^] q$ ] ( m f$ ] ] j ] h] ] "
# # ] o`
D^u (^fu e] (m

(Im- sm- p -\ -a -k vI m-c hpw lnw{kP- p-h n-s\-tmse ssI \nev tNpshp- Xpw ]n-bn
H-I-s-tmse Htc ew Xs CS-ambn sXc-s-S-pp-Xpw dkq(k) \ntcm-[n-n-cn pp.)

\a-kvIm-cw \njv^-e-am-p Imcy-

1). Xnp-Ibpw IpSn-p-Ibpw sN: \a-kvIm-cn\nSbn Xnp- Itbm IpSn-p-Itbm sNbvXm \a-kvImcw
\njv^-e-amIp-sa Imcy-n ]WvUn-X-mn-S-bn FXn-c-`n-{]m-b-an.
2). \a-kvIm-c-n-\n-S-bn kwkm-cn-: sskZp_v\p AJw (d) ]d-bpp:

^n` l% ^e ^ nj ^ # ] k oju $ ] fq o a f u^ ^$ q$ ] ( m $ ] $ j ^$
]
D^r] ]E

(R \a- k v I m- c - n kwkm- c n- n- c pp. R- f n- s em- c m sXm- Spp \np Iqp- I m- c - t \mSv

\a-kvIm-c-n kwkm-cnpw. A- s\-bmWv nj^ ] F Bbv Ah-X-cn-Xv. AtXmsS anm -Xn-cn-m
R-tfmSv \nt-in-p-Ibpw kwkm-cn-p-Xv R-tfmSv \ntcm-[n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.)
\a-k v I mcw ]qn- b m- msX adv kemw sNmp-I bpw ad- Xp kw_- nv kwkm- c n- p-I bpw sNbv X m
AXp-sImv \a-kvImcw \njv^-e-am-hp-n. \mep dIv-A-p Hcp \a-kvImcw cv dIv-A v \a-kvI-cnv \_n (k)
kemw sNmn-b-tm klm-_n-am-cn Nne AXp Nqn-m-p-Ibpw \_n(k) kwibw Xo-tijw _mn cv
dIv-A-p-IqSn \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xmbn _pJm-cn bpw apkvenapw D-cn-n-pv.
4). \a-kvI m-c -_m-ly-amb h {]hr- nbpw km[m-c-W-b n IqSp- X Fp ]d-bm-hphn[w sN: Aev]w
AIse \nv t\mn- bm B \a- k v I - c n- p-I - b - s v tXmnpw hn[w hXpw sNp- - X mWv IqSp- X
F-Xp-sImv Dt-in-n-p-Xv.
5). \a-kvIm-c-ns \n_--L-S-I--fn hXpw t_m[-]qw Hgn-hm-pI.

kabw Ignv \a-kvI-cn-

D] ^E

Imc-Ww- Iq-SmsX \a-kvImcw AXns ka-bv \nhln-msX t_m[-]qw sshIn-p-Xp Ip-I-c-amWv. Ddw,

\a-kv I-c n-Ww. bm{X, tcmKw XpS- nb Imc-W- -f p-s-n Akzvdpw fplvdpw Ah-bn GsX- nepw Hn s
ka-bpw aKvcn_pw CimDw Ah-bn Hns ka-bpw Hnv (q Bn) \a-kvI-cn-m aXn. ap coXn-bn
kabw sXn- m-h-X. Fm Hcp Imc-W-hp-an-msX kabw sXn-m B Ip-hm-fn-bm-Ip-sapw B \a-kvImcw
]noSv A\p-jvTn--W-sa-p amWv `qcn-]w ]WvUn-X-mcpw ]d-bp-Xv.

tcmKn-bpsS \a-kvImcw Dm] E

\np \a-kvI-cn-m Ign-bp--h ^Zv \a-kvIm-cw \npthWw \a-kvIcn-m. \nm Ign-bm--hv
Ccpp \a-kvI-cnmw. Atm kpPqZn-\v dpIp-C-\p--Xn-tesd Ip\n-b-Ww. Ccn-m\pw km[y-a-m--h InS-pBwKyw aptJ\ AXp \nh-ln--Ww. \_n(k) ]d--Xmbn Aen (d) D-cn-pp:

r q e rm _jm ] ^ o$ _jm ^_j] ^^ m] $ m

o$ m] fq o ( m _jm X f ] fj m] fq o o$ ] ^ $ m _jm (
q ^n j
D_]]E f ] m ^$

(tcmKn km[n- p- s a- n \np \a- k v I - c n- Ww. km[y- a - s - n Ccpv \a-k v I - c n- Ww. kpPqZv sNm
km[y-a-s -n Xe-sImv BwKyw ImWn-Ww. kpPqZn dpIp-C-s\-m Ip\n-bWw. Ccppw \akvI-cn-m
km[y-a-s-n Jn_ve--`nap-J-ambn heXp hi- tv Ncn-p-In-Sv \a-kvI-cn-Ww. he-Xp-h-i-tv Ncnp
InSpw \a-kvI-cn-m km[y-a-s-n aepInSv \a-kvIcn- Ww. Imep-cpw Jn_vesb t\cn-SWw.)

`bm-h--bnse \a-kvImcw

D] E

bp- a p- J v i{Xp- h ns\ A`n-a p- J o- I - c n- p- - X n- \ n-S - b n \a- k v I - c n p- - X n-\ mWv kzem- p Ju^v Fp
]d-bp-Xv. Cu \a-kvIm-c- ns cq]w Jp-B-\n {]Xn-]m-Zn-n-pv. \_n(k) hnhn[ k`- -fn kze-mp
Ju^v \nh-ln--Xmb lZo-Yp-Ifpw dntmp sN-s-n-pv.
bp-cw-Kv ssk\yw AWn-\n-c-n-cn-s i{Xp-hn-`mKw Jn_ve-bp sS `mK-mIp-tmgpw ap `mK--fn-em-Ip-tmgpw
hyXykvX coXn-bn- emWp \a-kvI-cn-pI. kzem-p Ju^n-s\-p-dnv Jp-B {]Xn- ]m-Zn-Xv C{]-Im-c-amWv:

]& ]^ m F] $ ] m$] jm j $ ] ] i |^q n n ] o je ]

` ^ j $ ] ` k `n k ] ^nf
lj ] ]n ]r ] ` jv ]n
]% n ]% m p ^
DMLN (MLM V ^]E ` jv a u ]n

(\n `qan-b n k-c n- p-t m kXy-\ n-t j-[ n-I \nsf A]-I -S -s -S p- p-s ap `b- m \a-k v I mcw
Npcp-p--Xn\v \n p hntcm-[-an. kXy-\n-tj-[n-I \n-fpsS {]Xy-- i-{Xp--fm-bn- cn-p-p-htm. (\_o,)
Xm Ah-cpsS Iq-n-ep-m-bn-cn-p-Ibpw Ahp \a-kvIm-c-n\v Xm t\XrXzw \evIp-Ibpw sNptm
Ah-cn-semcp hn`mKw Xm-tfm-sSmw \a-kvIm-c-n\v \nevs. Ah X-fpsS Bbp-[--tf-p-Ibpw thWw. Ah
kpPqZv sNbvXp-I-gn- m \n-fpsS ]n`m-K-tv amdp-Ibpw \a-kvI-cn-n-n-m adp-hn-`mKw hv Xm-tfm-sSmw
\a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw sNs. Ahcpw Bbp-[--tf-p-Ibpw Pm{KX ]pep-Ibpw sNWw.)
ssk\ys cp hn`m-K-amn Hcp hn`mKw Cam-an-t\m-sSmw Hcp dIv-Av \a-kvI-cnv kemw sNmn hnc-an-p-I,
Ah Xncn- p- t]mbn i{Xp-h ns\Xnsc \ne-b p-d - n tijw at hn`mKw hv Cam-a n-t \m- sSmw Hcp dIv -A v
\a-kvI-cn-pI. CXmWv Cu Bb-ns {]Xy Bibw.
Camw BZy- h n-` m-K -t m- s Smw Hcp dIv - A v ]qn-b m- n- b m bYm- m- \ v \nev p- I bpw aA- v a q-a p-I
kz-ambn Hcp dIv-A-p- IqSn ]qn-bm-n-b-tijw hnc-an-p-Ibpw, cm-as hn`m-Khpw Cam-an-t\m-sSmw Hcp
dIv-Av \a-kvI-cn--tijw kz-ambn Hcp dIv-Av ]qo-I-cn-p-Ibpw thW-sapw A`n-{]m-b-apv. \_nbpw
kzlm-_n-Ifpw A{]-Imcw \a-kvI-cn--Xmbn lZo-Yp-I-fn \nv a\-n-emmw.
bp- c w- K v Pam- A - mbn \a- k vI- c n- m kuI- c y- a p- - t m- g mWv C{]- I mcw sNt- Xv. AXn\p
km[y-a-m--hn[w IqSp-X `oj-Wm- h--bn ( ] ) H-bvsm-bvv \ntm, \Stm, hml-\-n tem Hs
\a-k v I mcw \nh-l nmw. dpIqDw kpPq-Zp-s amw km[y-s a- n BwKyw ImWn- p-s Imtm ZnIv d p-I a\- n
Hmp-sImtm sNbvXm aXn. Cub-h--bn Jn_ve-bn-tep Xncnp \a-kvI- cn--W-sapw \n_--\-bn.
i{Xp- h ns\ At\z- j n- p \S- p- t mgpw i{Xp- h n\nv csp ap- t mgpw kzPoh, IpSpw- _ w, [\w
Fn-h-bpsS Imcy-n `b- ap--tmgpw GXp `mK-tp Xncnpw BwKyw-hgn \a-kvI-cn-m aXn. An-_m[,
sh-m-n, h\y-ar-K-`o-jWn XpS-n-bhbpw Cu KW-n-em-Wv s]-SpI.

bm{X-bnse \a-kvImcw
A\p- h Z- \ o- b - a mb bm{X- b n- t es- - h v \mep dIv - A - p \a - k v I mcw cv dIv - A - mbn Npcpn
\a-kvI-cn-m A\p-hm-Zapv. CXn\v Fp ]d-bpp. Jp-B ]d-bpp.

] ] i |^q n n ] je ]
DMLM ^]E ] m$] j m j

(\n `qan-bn k-c n-p-t m kXy-\n-t j-[n-I \nsf Ipg- - n s]Sp-p-s av `b-p- p-sh- n
\a-kvImcw Npcp-p-- Xn \nv sXn.)

GtIm-]n--`n-{]m-b-s- n-p-v. \_n-N-cy-bnepw AXn\p amXr-I-bp-v. CXp-kw-_-nv j ]f^ n ^`e ] i

(Amlp \nv \Inb Hcp Zm\-a m-WXv. AXn-\ m Am-l p -hns Zm\w kzoI-cn- pI) Fv \_n(k)
]d--Xmbn Da (d) D-cn n-pv. cv ale: cv Znhkw `mcw Npa-v bm{XsNmhp Zqcw BWv im^nCu
aZvl_n Jkzv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-hp Zqcw. A{X bpw Zqcw k-cn-phv \a-kvImcw Npcpn \nhlnmw.
cv ale 16 ^kJv As-n 48 ssa BWv (Hcp ^kJv 3 ssa). CXv GI-t Ziw 84 Intem-ao- hcpw.
\_n(k) aqp ^k Jpw Hcp - ^ - k - J psams AI- s e- b p e- - f n t]mb- t mgpw Jkz- v d m- n
\a-k v -I -c n- n-c p- p-s hp Ipdn- p lZo- Yp-I -f pv . AXn-\ m ta ]-d Zqc-] -c n[n \n_- -a -s mWv Nne
]n- X - m- c psS A`n - { ]mbw. km[m- c - W - K - X n- b n bm{X Fp ]d- b m- h p Zqcw k- c n m \akv I mcw
Jkz-vdm-m-sa--XmWp kzoIm-cy-amb A`n-{]mbw.
bm{X- m- c Hcp {]tZ- i v Xma- k n- m Xocp- a m-\ n- m ]ns Jkzv ]mSn- s - mWv im^nCu a- Z v l _v .
Xma- k -I mew \nW-b n- n- n-s - n ]Xn- t \tgm ]Xn- s \tm Znh-k ta Jkzv d m- mhq Fpw Camw- i m^nCu (d)
A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-pv.
cp dIvAp kp_vlv \akvImchpw aqp dIv-A-p aK-v cn_v \a-kvImchpw Jkzv Bm-h-X.
shn-bmgvN bm{XsNp-Xp sX. PpapA \jvS-s-Sp-sa `bw bm{Xbvv XS--hpa.
shn-bm-gvN-bm-b-Xp-sImv bm{X sNm aSn BtfmSv Da(d) ]dp:

$ ] f vi r] $ t ]

(t]mbvsIm-pI. PpapA bm{Xbvv XS--a.) A_p-D-ss_Z (d) \a-kvIm-c-n\v Imn-cn-msX shn-bmgvN

bm{X sNmdp-m-bn -cp-p.
\mep dIv-A-p ^Zp\a-kvIm-c- cp dIvA
-
- mbn Npcpn \a- k v I - c n- p bm{X- I - f n km[m- c W
kpp\a- k v I m- c - A\p- j v T n- t - - X n. hnXzv d pw kp_v l n- \ p - a p- p cp dIv - A - p amWv \_n(k)
- n-p-Xp sX-.
bm{X-bnepw apS-msX A\p-jvTn kpp\a-kvIm c-. Fm bm{X-bn kpv \a-kvIc
kzlm _nam-cn Nne bm{X-bnepw kpp \a-kvI-cn-m-dp-m-bn-cpp.

cp \a-kvImcw Hnv \nhln- Dni] ne r]E

Xmsg ]d-bp kml-N-cy--fn fplvdpw Akzvdpw Hnpw aKvcn _pw CimDw Hnpw \a-kvI-cnmw. fplvdpw
Akzvdpw fplvdns ka- bv Hnv apIqn \nh-lnmw. CXn\v mj] q Fp ]d-bpp. Akz-vdns
ka-b-tp ]nnpw Bhmw. CXn\v nj] q Fp ]d-bpp. AtX-t]mse aKvcn-_n-sbpw Cim-C-sbpw
Imcy- nepw cp-a mhmw. kp_v l v \a-k vI m-cs asm- p-a mbn Iqn-t m-h -X. Akzv d pw aKv c n_pw Xnepw
Iqn-tNm ]mSn.
1) lv t hf- b n: Ad- ^ - b nepw apkv Z - e n- ^ - b n- e pw- shv AX- X ns ka- b v thsd- t hsd \nhln- m
kuI-cy-ap--tXm-sSmw Hnv \a-kvI-cn--emWv kpv. fplvdpw Akvdpw Ad-^-bn shv apn pw, aKvcn_pw
CimDw apkvZ-en-^-bnshv ]nnpamWv \a-kvI-cn- t-Xv. A-s\-bmWv \_n(k) sNbvXXv.
2) bm{X-bn: bm{X- XpS-p--Xn\p appw Blm-c-nt\m hn{i-a- nt\m am-h-iy-tm Bbn CSbvv bm{X
\nptmgpw PwB-m-sa-mWv `qcn-]-m-`n-{]mbw. apBZv(d) ]d-bpp:

mi f vi] ] ] `% ] ne q vim f $ ] k] ] f i ^ "

# $ f$] $
% h] ( m oju `% ] $ $ ]
^ ] h] ne q vim f $ ] ke ^ ]
Dj] (]eE ^` ne r $ $ ^ m oj$u h] $ $ ] gn i f vi]

(\_n (k) X_qv bp-th-f-bn bm{X XpSpwapv kqcy Dn-bn\nv sXn-bm fplvdpw Akzvdpw Hnv
fplv d ns ka-b v \a-k v I -c n-p-a m-b n-c pp. kqcy sXpwapv bm{X XpS- n-s b- n Akzv \a-k v I m-c- n\v
Cdpwhsc fplv ]nnpw. aKvcn-_ns Imcy-nepw A-s\-Xs. bm{X XpSpwapv kqcy AkvX-an- m
aKvc n_pw CimDw Hnv \a-k v I-cnpw. AkvX -a -b-n\papv bm{X XpS-n-sb-n Cim-C\pthn Cdpwhsc
aKvcn_v ]nnpw. ]ns Cdn cpw Hnv \nhlnpw.)
PwC Hcp \a-kvImcw Ign DSs\ atXpw \a-kvI-cn- (]E D]m-[n-b. Aev]w Ign-v \a-kvI-cn-mepw
aXn-bm-hpw.
3) ag-bp--tm: Hmtcm t\cpw ]n-bn t]mIm {]bm-k-am Ipwhn[w agbpw Nfn-bp-ap--tm fplvdpw
Akzv d pw Hnpw aKv c n _pw CimDw Hnpw PwBmw. \ ag-b p Znhkw \_n (k) aKv cn_pw CimDw
PwB-n-b-Xmbn Camw _pJmcn (d) dntmp sNbvX lZo-Yn-epv.
4) km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn \a-kvI-cn-p-Xv {]bm-k-I-c-am-hpwhn[w tcmKw t]mep Imc-W--fp--tm fplvdpw
Akzv d pw Hnpw aKv cn_pw CimDw Hnpw \a- k v I - c nmw. ap X- X mb Imc- W - - f p- - t mgpw PwAv
Bm-hp--XmWv. C_v\p Amkv (d) ]d-bpp:

DE _ n m^e ^ ] h] ] `% ] ne "
# # ] q

(\_n (k) aZo-\-bn shv `btam agtbm CmsXXs fplvdpw Akzvdpw Hnpw aKvcn_pw CimDw Hnpw
\a-kvI-cnp.)

ad (j])

A_q-k-CuZv (d) D-cn- pp:

Dq^ e] (]eE ^` n j o ( n u o$ ]

(\n GsXm-c m \a-k v I - c n- p- t mgpw Hcp adbv pt\sc Xncn- v \a-k v I -c n- Ww. AXn-t \mSv ASpv
\np-Ibpw thWw).
ad-bmbn Npatcm XqtWm Hp-a n-m-t -Sv hSn-\m- p-I tbm, jm hncn- p-I tbm AXncv F \nebv v Hcp
hc-h-c-bvp-Itbm Hs Bhmw. \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn A_q-lp-ssdd (d) ]d-bpp:

$ ^ % m ^_& $ n ^ m ^ gn ^n rm ^n `q ^i rn u o$ ]
D^fu e] (]e (uE mm ne

(\n GsXm-cm \a-k v I -c n- p-t mgpw apn Fs- nepw m]n- Ww. Hpw Inn-b n-s- n Hcp hSn
\ms, IqsS hSn-bn-s- n Hcp hc-h-cbvs. ]ns AXn-\p-a-pdw Bcp-Xs \S-p-t]m -bmepw Ah\v ieyw
sNn.)
Fm Pam-A-mbn \a-kvI-cn-p-tm Hmtcm-cp-pw kzw ad th-Xn. Cam-ans ad Fm-h-cp-tSbpw
ad- b mWv . \_n (k) a-b n- s em-c n- S pshv aXn ad-b mn \a-k v I -c n- Xp kw_ - nv Awdp-_ v \ p- ip-s F_v
]nXmhphgn ]nXm-a-l-\n\nv Dcn- pp:

D]e] (uE ] l$ ]r^e _e oju ^` ]m ] ^ mm ne % i n`e ^r

(Hcp arKw hv \_n(k)bpsS apn-e qsS \S- m XpSn. Atlw AXns\ XSppsImn-cpp. As\
At-l-ns hb aXn-en apn. AXv At-l-ns ]nn-eqsS \S-p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.)
apn ad-b p--tm \a-k vI -c n-p--hpw adbvpw CS-bn-e qsS \S- ldm-amWv . ad-b n-s- n ldm-a.
\_n(k) ]d--Xmbn A_q-Pqsslw (d) D-cn-pp:

D^r] ]E mm ne $ m n n e m ^ n ]^ ( ] m ne % ^] m

(\ a- k vI- c n - p- - h s apn - e qs S \ S- p- - h X \n v e`n- m- \ n - c n - p i n sb kw_ - n v

Adn- n-c p- p-s hn \mev ] Xp sImw AhnsS \n-e mWv \a- k v I -c n- p- -h s apn-e qsS \S- p- -X nepw
\-sXv Ah\v t_m[ywhcp-am-bn-cpp.)
apn ad-bp-s-n Xs apn-eqsS \S-p--hs\ AXn \nv XS-bm \a-kvI-cn-p--h\v Ah-Im-i-apv.
\_n (k) ]d-- Xmbn A_q-k-Cu-Zp JnZvcn (d) D-cn-pp:

X^f]E ^_n a ^$ i ^n oe n mm ne ^jrm u ] ^$] jm n o u o$ ]

D

(P\- -fn\nv Xs adbv p h-Xn\pw t\sc Xncnv \nfnemscnepw \a-k vI -cn- p-t m Ahs
apn-eqsS IS-p -t]m-hm Hcm DZy-an-p-p-sh-n Abmv Ahs\ XSbmw. Ah ]nm-dm Xbm-d-s-n
Ah-t\mSv aSnpI-bp-amhmw. Imc Ww Ah Hcp sNIp-m-\mWv.)
F{X XSnpw ]nsbpw apneqsS ISpt]mIppsh-n AXpaqew \akvImcn\v `wKw hcpn.

]n-I

Dq^]E

\a-kvIm-c-k-a-b-am-bm `qan-bn hrn-bp GXp e-p- shpw \a-kvI-cnmw. \_n (k) ]dp:

$ ]
j ^m
D^r] ]E r ` (

(FhnsS shmtWm \n\v \a-k vI m-c -w _m[Iam-b Xv Ahn-s S- shv \a-kv I -cn-p-sIm- pI. ImcWw AhnSw
\a-kvIm-c--e-amWv.)
`qan- b n BZyw \nan ]n a-b nse akv P n- Zp ldm- a mWv . ]ns ss_p- ap-J - n-k nse akv P n- Z p
AJv k zmbpw. {]m[m- \ y- ns Imcy- n Hmw- m\w akv P n- Z pldm- a n\pw cmw- m\w aZo- \ - b nse
akvPn-Zp--_-hnpw aqmw m\w akvPn-Zp AJvkz-p-amWv. _mn `qan-bn-ep GXp ]nbpw Xpey-amWv.
]n- b n {]th- i n- p- Xv BZyw he-X p-I m shm- h Ww. ]pd pt]mhp- Xv BZyw CS- X p- I m shpw.
{]th-in-p-tm,

xj] e ] $ ` # ] $ v o ( $ ` # ] # ] e nq$ ] ^_n] m] ^_ m] `q e n ] # ^e

j u h] e

Fpw, ]pd-p-t]m-hp-tm

h] e xj] e ] $ ` # ] $ v o ( $ ` # ] # ] e
nq$ ] ^_n] ] $ ` # ]

Fpw ]d-b kp-mWv.

]n- b n t]mhp- Xpw Bcm- [ - \ - b n apgp- I p- Xpw {]m[m- \ y- a p Imcy- a mWv . \_n(k) ]d- - X mbn
A_q-k-CuZv(d) D-cn-pp.

Dm e] (q^ e]
(Hcm ]Xn- h mbn ]n- b p- a mbn _- s SpXp Im Abm v Cuam- \ p- s v kmy- s - S p- pI.
Am-lp-hnepw Ay-Zn-\-n epw hniz-kn-p--htc Am-lp-hns ]n-I ]cn-]m-en-p-Ibpq Fv Amlp
]d-n-cn-p-p-htm.)

Xln--p akvPnZv (r] nviE

]n-bn IS-m cv dIv-Av \a-kvI-cn- kp-mWv. CXn\v Xln--p akvPnZv (]-nsb A`n-hmZyw
sN) Fp ]d- bp-p. \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn A_q-JXmZx (d) D-cn-p-p.

D^r] ]E rm f nir ( n r] u ^q ]

(\n-fn Bcp-Xs ]n-bn sNmepw Ccnpwapv cv dIv-Av \a-kvI-cn-Ww.)

]n tamSn-Iq-p-Xpw Ae--cn-p-Xpw ]pWy-ap Imcy-a. \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn A\kv (d) D-cn-pp:

n $ ^` m $ $ q^^e a ^f jm ^ ^$] o i m
Dm e]E

(P\- ]n- b psS t]cn ]c- k v ] cw A`n- a m- \ n- p Hcp Imew hcpw. Aev ] w am{Xta Ah- c - X ns\
]cn-Ncn-p-I-bpq.)
]n-]-cn-]m-e\w Ahn-sS-sh-p Bcm-[-\-bmWv. tamSn Iq-e.

]n hrn-bm-
amen-\y--fn\npw Agpv, s]mSn-]-S-e- XpS-n-hb
- n\npw ]n hrn-bmn sht-Xv \n_--amWv.
ZpK--apm-p hkvXp- ]n-bnepw ]cn-kc
- pw sImn-Sp-Xpw Acw hXpw Nhpw apw ]n-bn
hcp-Xpw \ntcm-[n Imcy-amWv. Bbni (d) ]d-bpp:

DE m] ] # ] a ^$ ] f] ]a xi q^] a $ V^ "
# $ f$] $

(Cu ]n- I aq{X- s am- g n- pI, tO- h - k v X p- - f n- S pI BZn- b m- b - hbv p ]n- b - X . Ah Am- l p- h ns\
kvacn-m\pw Jp-B ]mcm -bWw sNm-\p-sam-s-bp--XmWv Fv \_n (k) ]dp.)
\_n (k) ]d--Xmbn Pm_n (d) D-cn-pp:

']$ ] f ] %]
D (^f]E m e p$ jm ^$ p$ ji ] $ ^q^ $ e m

(Dn, henb Dn, shpn Fnh Xn-h -c mcpw \psS ]n -b n hc-cpXv . a\p-j y Fp-s Im-smw
hnj-an-ptam AXp-sIm- sms ae-p-Ifpw hnj-anpw.)
]pI-hen XpSn hmb-\m-dp kwK-Xn-I sNbvXpw ]n-bn hcm ]mSp--X.
sIm- s m- S p- - I fpw, IhnX Be- ] n- epw, \jv S - s km[\w At\z- j n- epw ]n- b n hne- - s
Imcy--fmWv. A_vZp-m-ln _v\p Da (d) ]d-bpp:

$ ] f % vj$] o` $^] n i ^ ] n i r] nf ] ] $ ] "

# # ] o`
D] ]E r] m

(]n-bn hnp-Xpw hmp-Xpw Ahn-sS-shv ]Zyw sNmp Xpw, s]mbvtmb km[\w At\z-jn-p-Xpw,
shn-bmgvN PpapA \a-kvIm-c-n-\p-apv h-an-n-cn-p-Xpw \_n (k) \ntcm-[n-n-pv.)
]n-bn i_vZp-ap-mn kwkm-cn-p-Xp am{X-a \a-kvI-cn- p--hv ieyw sNp--hn-[-n Jp-B
]mcm-bWwt]mepw \njn--amWv. C_v\p Da (d) ]d-bpp:

e n q $ e$ q^m ( ] $ V ^ ] ^e ` i] k % m a ^$] o t "

# $ f] $
DuE m^e e o e ` r m nq^m

(\_n (k) BfpIfpsSbSp- t v hp. Ah \a- k v I - c n- p- I - b m Wv . Ah Dds Jp- B ]mcm- b Ww

sNp- p- m-b n-cpp. Atlw ]dp: \a-k v I -c n- p- -h Xs \mY-\ pambn kw`m-j n- pIbmWv . AXn-\ m
\mY- \ p- a mbn Fs\ kw`m- j n- p- p- s hv Ah Nnn- s. Bcpw Bsc- mfpw ]mcm- b - W - n i_v Z w
Db-cpXv.)
Dds ZnIv sNmpI, {]mYn-pI, kwkm-cn-pI Fn-h-bp-sS bpw hn[n ta]-d
XpXs. A\p-hZ- \
- o-ba
- mb
Imcy- ]n-bn shv kwkm-cn-p-Xv sX. Bh-iy-sa-n ]n-bn DdpI, `Ww Ign-pI Fn-XymZn
Imcy-fpw A\p-h-Z-\obw Xs. A_vZpmln_v\p lmcnYv (d) ]d-bpp:

Dq^ e]E v$] f ] r] "

# #] ` o ^$

(dkqen(k)s Imev R ]n-bnshv sdmnbpw amwk hpw Xnm-dp-m-bn-cpp.)

C_v\p-D-a (d) ]d-bpp:

h^f v n n r] ^ "
# # ] ^$

(dkqen(k)s Imev R ]n-bn Dd-m-dp-m-bncpp. R AhnsS D- p-dpw. R Av

klm-_n-am \_n (k)-bpsS Imev ]n-bn kwkm-cn-n-cp-- Xns\pdnv Pm_n-dp_v\p kapd (d) ]d-bpp:

DE jfm vn n$ a^r] n $ $ vjm ]^

(A-h Pmln-enmIme-s-p-dnv kwkm-cnpw. Ah Nncnp pmhpw. \_n (k)bmhs a-l-knpw.)

\a-kvImcw ]mSn-m CS-

J_- d n- S - n shtm J_- d n\pt\sc Xncn- p- \ ntm \a- k v I - c n- p- Xp \. \_n(k) ]d- - X mbn
A_q-aYZv (d) D-cn-pp:

D (uE ^` n ] ri f] o ]% i

(\n J_vdns t\sc Xncnp \a-kvI-cn--cpXv. Ah-bvv ta Ccn--bp-a-cpXv.)

Ip, Adhpew, s]cp-hgn, Be, Ipfn-pc, IA-_-bpsS D]-cn- Xew Fnhn-S--fnshpw \a-kvI-cn--cpXv.
C_v\p Da (d) ]d-bpp:

e] ^_ o ^$ v] m_$ ] ^ f ] r] e ] V] f o$ m o` "
# f] $
Dj] (nu e f ( q^ e]E # ] kne `

(Ggv e-fn \a-kvI-cn-p-Xv \_n(k) \ntcm-[n-n-pv. Ip, Ad-hpew, ivaim\w, s]cp-hgn, Ipfn-pc,
H-Is sIp ew, Am-lp-hns `h-\-ns apI-`mKw Fn-hn-S--fn.)

kwL-Sn-X -\-a-kvImcw (^r] E

Zn\w-{]-Xn-bp Ap-t\-cs \n_-- \-a-kvImcw, s]cp-m, {Kl-W-\-a-kvIm-c-, Xdm-holvCkvXn-kvJm-Av
\a-kvIm-c-, an v \a-kvImcw BZn-bm-bh kwL-Sn-X-ambn \S-p \a-kvIm-c--fm Wv. km[m-cW kpp
\a-kv Im-c- (dhmXn_v) kwL-Sn-X-amb, H-b vmWv \a-kvI -cn-t -Xv . Fm kwL-Sn-X-ambn \S-t- h
As\ Xs \S- p- -X n-e mWv ]pWyw IqSp-X . kwL-S nX \a- k v I m-c - ns {]m[m\yw \_n (k) Cs\
hy-am-pp:

Dn jE q m fe ( ] ^r]

(kwL-Sn-X -\-a-kvImcw H-p \a-kvIm-c-s-m Ccp-]-n- tbgv aSv t{ijvT-amWv.)

Pam-A-n ]s-Sp-m Zqsc\nv \S-p-h-cp-Xv Gsd ]pWy Ic-amWv. \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn A_q-aqkm (d)
D-cn-pp:

DE o ^` n a e ] q $ ] ^$] $

(\- a - k vIm- c - n\v P\- - f n IqSp- X {]Xn- ^ ew e`n- p- h AXn- \ p- t hn IqSp- X Zqsc\nv
\S-p-h-cp--h-cm-Wv.)
Pam-A -n\v hcp-tm HmSn-n-X-, kmh-[m\w AS--tmsS \S-p-h-cn-I-bmWv thXv. A_q-J -XmZ (d)
]d-bpp:

] (] i V^ ( $ ] o ^rj] ]^ [ ^ ^ o$ ^$ ^q f q "
# ( f$] ( v ^ne
Dn jE ]% i i^ ^ ]% j ^ n] n $ ] jni

(R \_n (k)tbmsSmw \a-kvI-cn-p-sIm-n-cns Bfp-Ifp sS Bchw tIp. \a-kvIm-c-tijw \_n (k)

tNmZnp: Fm-bn-cpp Imcyw? Ah ]dp: R \a-kvIc
- n-m [rXn-]n-Snp h-XmWv. \_n (k) ]dp:
As\ sN-cpXv. \a-kvI-cn-m hcp-tm kmh-[m\w hcnI. Fnv (Cam-an-t\m-sSmw) Inn-bXv \a-kvI-cn-pI.
\jvS-s-Xv XpSp ]qo-I-cn-pI.)
]n-b nse Pam-A v \a-k v I m-c - n kv { XoI ]s-S p- p- Xp sX. Ahpw AXn\v A\p-h m-Z -a pv .
\_n(k)bpsS Imev kv{XoI akvPn-Zp--_-hn-bn hv \a-kvI-cn-n-cp--Xmbn ]e lZo- Yp-I-fn\npw
a\-n-emmw. \_n(k) ]d--Xmbn A_q-lp-ssdd (d) D-cn-pp:

i q m # ] q^ # ] ^ ] i
D]e] (uE l

(Am-lp-hns Zmkn-amp \n Am-lp-hns ]n-I XS-b-cpXv. Ah A\m-Ij-I

-h-kv{X-a-Wn-p-thWw hcm.)
Hcp \a-kvImcw kwL-SnX(^q)amhm Camapw Hcp aA-vaqapw aXn-bmhpw. aA-vaq-ap-I-fpsS B[nIyw Pam-A-n\v
alXzw Iqp-sav am{Xw. A_q-k-CuZv (d) ]d-bpp:

q $
q ^ [ ( n ] o $ jm V "
# # ] ^ e^ve "
# # ] o$ r]
Dj] (]e (uE o$ ]

(Hcm ]n-bn hp. Atm-tgpw \_n (k) klm-_n-am-tcm- sSmw \a-kvImcw \nhln-p-I-gn-n-cpp. \_n
(k) tNmZnp: Cbmv Zm\w \Im, AXm-bXv Abm-tfm-sSmw \a-kvI-cn-m Xbm-dp--h Bcpv? Atm
Iq-n Hcm Fgp-tpsNv Abm-tfm-sSmw \a-kvI-cnp.)

cn- s em- c m sXm- p apv Pam- A - n ]s- S pv \a- k v I - c n- n- c p- m t]mepw AXv Pam- A - mbn
]cn-K-Wn--p-sav Cu lZoYv hy-am-pp.
aAvaqw Ipntbm kv{Xotbm Bbmepw aXn. C_v\p Amkv (d) ]d-bpp:

^ e ^ ^m k ( k n$] (m $ n #] o$ % f$] ^ n j ^ k% e
D^r] ] E nm

(Rm Fs amXrktlm-Zcn ssaaq-\-bpsS ASp- An-bp-dn. \_n (k) cm{Xn \a-kv I-c n-m Fgp-t p.
At-l - t msSmw \a- k v I -c n- m Rm\pw Fgp-t p. Rm At-l - ns CS- X p-` m-K v sNmWv \nXv .
Atlw Fs Xe-]n-Snv Fs At-l-n s he-Xp-`m-Kv \ndpn.)
aA-vaq-ambn Hcm am{X-am-Wp--sX-n Abm Cam-ans sXm-Sp v he-Xp-`m-Kp \n-W-sapIqSn Cu
lZoYv hy-am-pp. cm-a-sXm-cm hm Abm Cam-ans CS-Xp-`m-Kv \nWw. A\-cw cp-t]cpw
IqSn Cam-ans ]nntep \on Hcp AWn- bmbn \nWw. Pm_n (d) ]d-bpp:

^ e e^q ^q $ $ nm ^ oju ] n e ^m o k kr ( n "

# # ] ^
D ]e (E ^ ^ oju ^ ^ nq ^mme "
# # ] ^m

(dkq (k) \a-kvI-cn-m \np. Rm sNv At-l-ns CS-Xp-`m-Kv \np. Atm Atlw Fs ssI
]nSnv At- l - n s he- X p- ` m- K v sImp- h p \ndpn. ]ns Pm_n- d p_v \ p kJv hv dkqen(k)s
CS-Xp-`m-Kv \np. Atlw R-fpsS cp -t]-cp-sSbpw ssI]n-Snv ]ntm-p-Xn Hn-p-\n-dpn.)
aAvaqw Hcp kv{Xo am{X-am-sW-n ]pcp-js ]nn \nWw. Hn-e-[nIw t]cp-s-n ]nn AWn-bmbn
\nevWw. A\kv (d) ]d-bpp:

Dn jE ^ n % ( #
" f$] ^j ne nj m ^ kn$

(Rm\pw Hcp A\m- Y \pw R-f psS honshv \_n(k)bpsS ]nn \a-kvIc
- np. Fs amXmhv Dp-kpssew
R-fpsS ]nnepw.)
Pam- A v \S- p- s Im- n- c nt Hcm hm Abm AWn- b n hp- \ n- p - t hWw \a- k v I - c n- m.
AWn-bn\nv amdn H-s-hn-sS- sb-nepw \nv \a-kvImcw XpS--cpXv. -A_q-_-IvdXn(d)\nv D-cn--pp:

( $ ] o m f ] a "
(uE i ^u # ] ] V^ ( f$
# ( f$] o o` j] $
D^] (]e (^f]

(\_n (k) dpIq- C - e m- b n- c nt A_q- _ - I vdXv hs- n. AWn- b n sNp- \ npw apv Atlw
\_n(k)tbmsSmw dpIq-Av sNbvXp. A\-cw Atlw AXv \_n (k)tbmSv ]dp. Atm \_n (k) ]dp:
Amlp Xm-fpsS XmXv]cyw h[n-n-s! ]t, CXv Bhn--cpXv.)
apn AWn-bpsS a[y-n hcpw-hn[w thWw Camw \np- Xv. \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn A_q-lp-ssdd (d)
D-cn-pp:

D]eE ] ]% ^ ] ]_(

(Cam-ans\ a[y-n \ndp-p-Ibpw hnS-hp-I-f-S-p-Ibpw sNpI.)

Cam-ans sXmp-]n-n \nt-Xp hnh-chpw hnth-I-ap- -h-cmWv. \_n (k) ]d--Xmbn C_v\p akv-DuZv
D-cn-pp:

u] n n
(]e ( (uE ] ] l^na ^$m ` m m] $ $ (` m m$] $ $ o` %]
Dj]

(\n-fn _pnbpw hnth-I-hp-ap--h-cm-hWw Fs sXm-Spv \np-Xv. ]ns Ah-tcm-S-Spv hcp--h,

]ns Ah-tcm-S-Spv hcp--h. Am-Sn-bnse CS-I-e-c Dt]-n-pI.)
apn ]pcp- j - mcpw Ahv ]nn Ipn- I fpw Ghpw ]nn kv { XoIfpw F {Ia- n- e mWv
AWn-\n-c-t-Xv.

D]e (uE ^ ] ^$] ` ^ ] ^ ] ]$ ^q( ] rm "

# # ] ^

(dkq (k) ]pcp-j-msc Ipn-Ip apnepw Ipn-Isf Ah-cp sS ]nn-ep-amWv \ndp-n-bncp--Xv. kv{XoIsf
Ipn-Iv ]nnepw.)
Ima-Spw Npaepw Hnv AWn -i-cn-s-Sp-p-Ibpw hnS-hnm hn[w ]c-kv]cw tNp-\np-Ibpw thWw.
A\kv (d) ]d-bpp:

Dn jE ]j] ]% ] i Vn f(m f `q e ^n f m ^ "

# $ f$] $

(XIv_o sNmpw-apv \_n (k) Rsf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnpw. Fnv, "]c-kv]cw tNp t\sc \npI' Fv
]dbpw.)
BZy-\n-c-bn Cam-an\v he-mbn \np--XmWv IqSp-X \Xv. \_n (k) ]dp:

""_mp hnfn-p--Xnepw Hmw-\n-c-bn sNp\np--Xn-epap ]pWyw P\- Adn-ncp-p-sh-n ]ns

\dp-npsImt AhXp t\Sm-\mhq Fp hmepw \dp-npw Ah AXp t\Sm {ian-p-am-bn-cpp.''
\_n (k) ]d--Xmbn BCi (d) D-cn-pp:

Dq^ e] (] eE % ] ^n o % m m$] o % m j F # ] $

(AWn-I-fpsS he-Xp-`m-Kp\nv \a-kvI-cn-p--h-sc Amlp A\p-{K-ln-pw. Ah-cpsS \-bvp-thn

ae-p-I {]mYn-p-sIm- n-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw.)
henb Pam- A - p- I - f n Bh- i y- s a- n Cam- a ns Ne- \ - ]nnep- - h sc Adn- b n- m Cam- a ns
sXmp-]n-n-eph Bsc-n epw Dds XIv_o Gp sNmp-Xv \-XmWv.
Camw aA-va q-ap-Isf ]cn-K-Wn-p-sImv \a-kvImcw eLq-I-cn-Ww. \_n (k) ]d- -Xmbn A_q-lp-ssdd (d)
D-cn-pp:

D^r] ]E ^ ^ ( _n o$ ] nf] n $ ] n $ ] `n $ ( n ^$^e u o$ ]

(\n Bsc-nepw P\- v t\XrXzw \In \a-kv I -c n- p -t m \a-k vI mcw eLq-I-cn-Ww. ImcWw,
Ah-cn Zp_-e\pw tcmKnbpw hr-\p-sams Dmhpw. Hbvv \a-kvI-cn-p-tm Cw t]mse \on-sm-s.)
sshIn- s b- p- - h pIqSn dIv - A v e`n- m kuI- c y- s - S pw- hn[w Caman\v BZy- d - I v - A v Aev ] w
ZoLn-n-m-hp- -XmWv. \_n (k) BZy-d-I v-Av ZoLn-n-m-dp-m-bn-cpp Fv A_q-J -XmZ (d) ]d--Xmbn
lZo-Yp-I-fn hn-pv.
aAvaqw Cam-ans\ ]np-S-cp-I-b-msX apn t]mhm ]mSn. ]np-S-c \n_--hp-amWv. \_n(k) ]d--Xmbn
A_q-lp-ssdd (d) D-cn-pp:

^e$ $ ` # ] ] u # ] ^ ] ] ^ ] ] f( f$ ] n ] ji e $ in ^ ] q ^$

Dn jE n q ] ]% ] ^ o$ ] ]r^ r ] v]

(Cam-ans\ \n-bn-Xv At-ls ]np-S-cm-\mWv. AXn-\m Abm-fp-ambn \n `nn--cpXv. Abm XIv_o

sNmn-bm \nfpw XIv_o sNmpI. Abm dpIq-Av sNbvXm \nfpw dpIq-Av sNpI. Abm ]
u Fv ]d-m \n v] ^e `] Fp ]d-bpI. Abm kpPqZv sNbvXm \nfpw kpPqZv sNpI.
Abm Ccpv \a-kvI-cn-m \nfpw Fm-hcpw Ccpv \a-kvI-cn-pI.)
Camw Ccpv \a- k v I -c n- m aAv a qapIfpw Ccpv \a-k v I - c n- pI FXv ]noSv Zp_- e -s -S p- n- b n- pv .
AXp- s Imv ^Zv \a- k v I m - c - n Camw \nm Ign- b m- s X Ccp- mepw aA- v a q- a p- I \np Xs- b mWv
\a-kvI-cn-t-Xv.
sshIn-sb-p--h XIv_o sNmn Camw Atm sNp-sX mtWm AXn XpS-cp-I-bmWv thXv. Fm
Cam- a nsIqsS dpIq- A v e`n- s - nte AsXmcp dIv - A - mbn ]cn- K - W n- p- I - b pq. \_n (k) ]d- - X mbn
A_q-lp-ssdd (d) D-cn-pp:

(m e] (]eE $ ] $ ] ^n ^a % i ]r^ r v $ ] o jq ]
D^v]

(\n \a-kvI-cn-m hm R kpPq-Zn-em-sW-n \nfpw kpPqZv sNpI. Fm AXv dIv-A-mbn

F-cpXv. dpIq-Av Inn-b-hv B \a-kvImcw Hcp dIvA
- v Inn.)

Cam-a-n\v AlX
\mbn Jp-B Adn-bp--h, ]ns kpv Adn-bp--h, ]ns {]mbw IqSp-X-ep--h F {Ia-n-emWv
Cam-am-hm-\p tbmKyX. Fm Hcm-fpsS A[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bns ev Abm-fpsS
A\p- h m- Z - t m- S pIqSn- b - msX asm- c m Cam- a v \n- cpXv . \_n (k) ]d- - X mbn C_v \ p- a - k v - D uZv (d)
D-cn-pp:

]^ ra ` ] $% ] ]^ $% ^e ` ] ] ] ]^ # ] h^j a ] % m
D (uE e $ j i o j ne m ^_ q$ ] q$ ] % m ^& ` ] r`]

(Hcp kaq-l-n\v Cam-av \nt-Xv Ah-cn Am-lp-hns {Kw \mbn Adn-bp--h-\mWv. Jp-B
]mcm-b-W-n Ah Xpey-sc-n kpv (\_n-N-cy)- IqSp-X Adn-bp--h. kp-n epw Ah Xpey-sc-n
BZyw lnPvd sNbvX-h. lnPvd-bpsS Imcy- nepw Ah Xpey-sc-n IqSp-X {]mb-ap--h. Bcpw asm-cm- fpsS
A[n-Imc taJ-e-bn Abmv Cam-av \nm ]mSn. asm-cm-fpsS hon Abm-fpsS CjvS--ev Abm-fpsS
A\p-hm-Z-an- msX Ccn--bp-a-cpXv.)
hnth- I - a p Ipn, A, \np- - h v Ccn- p- - h , Ccn- p- - h p \np- - h , ^Zv
\a-kv I-cn- p--hp kpv \a-kv Icn- p--h, kpv \a-kvI -c n-p- -h p ^Zv \a-kv I-cn- p- -h,
- n\p tbmKy
Xbpw sNbvX -h p hpZp Dm- n-b -h , adnpw, bm{X- m-c Xti-hm-knpw, adnpw, Cam-a
Atbm-Kypw adnpw Cam- a v \nm- h p- - X mWv . Btdm Gtgm hbv am{Xw {]mb- a p Ipn- b m- b n- c nt
Awdp-_v\p- k-ea (d) Xs {]tZ-i-mv Cam-av \nn-cpp. \_n (k) A_q-_-Idn(d)s ]nn Ccp-p-sImv

]nXp-Sp \npw \a-kvI-cn p. apBZv(d) \_n(k)tbmsSmw Cim-\-a-kvI-cnv kzw {]tZiv sNpw. Fnv
Ahn-S-p-Imv Cam-ambn hopw \a-kvI-cnpw. At-l-n\v cm-as \a-kvImcw kp-mWv. ap--hp
^Zpw. hon\nv ^Zv \a-kvI-cnv h BtfmSv ]n-bnse Pam -A-n ]s-Sp-m \nt-in--tXm-sSmw AXp
Xmv \m^n-e v (kpv) Bbn ]cn-K-Wn-p-sapw \_n(k) ]dp. am- hn-P-b-\m-fn aKvcn-_-m
\a-kvIm-c- cv dIv-A-mbn Npcpn \a-kvI-cn-p-tm ""am \nhm-kn-Itf, Fgp-tv cv dIv-Av IqSn
\a-kvI-cn-pI; R bm{X-mcmWv'' Fn-s\ \_n (k) ]d-bp-am-bn-cpp.
bm{X- m-c Xt-i o-b s\ XpSp \a-k v I -c n- p-t m Abmfpw Xt-i o-b -s \-t m-s e- s \mep dIv -A v
\a- k v I - c n- Ww. adn- m- sW- n Xt- i o- b \mepXs \a- k v I - c n- Ww. bm{X- m- c s Cfhv Xt- i o- b v
A\p-`-hn-m Al-X-bn.
Camw -aAvaq-ap-Isf-m- Db ev \n-cpXv -A_q-a-kv Du-Zp- Akmcn (d) ]d-bpp:

D_ ]]E ^$] n ^ ] m "

# # ] o`

(P- \ - ] nn- e p- m- b n- c n- s , Camw h hk vXp- h n\pw apI - f n Ibdn\np- Xv dkq (k)

\ntcm-[n-n-cn-p-p)
Hgn- h pI- g nhv ImcWw \a- k v I m- c - ns app- ] m- [ n- I ]qo- I - c n- msX \a- k v I - c n- p- - h sc Acw
Hgn-hp-I-gn-hpI-fn-m--h XpS-cm-h-X.
kv { XoIv ]pcp-j Cam-a v \nmw. kv { Xopw Cam-a mhmw. BCi (d) kv { XoIp-t hn Ah-c psS
AWn-bn a[y-n Ah- tcm-sSmw \nv Cam-av \nh-ln-n-cpp. Xm kv{XoIp t\Xr Xzw \In cm{Xn
\a-kvImcw \nhln Imcyw D_v (d) ]d- -tm \_n (k) FXn-cmbn Hpw ]d-n-.
ap_v X -Z nHm (_n-Z v -A v sNp- -h ) ^mkntJm (Zp-j v I aw sNp -h ) Bbn ]cn-K -W n- -s -S p- -h -c psS
Cam-a v \nb-a -Zrym klo- lmWv . Ahsc XpSp \a-k v I -c n- p- Xv sX. C_v \ p Da (d) lm-P q_v \ p
bqkp-^ ns\ XpSv \a-k v I -c n- n-c pp. A_q-k -C u- Zp JnZv c n (d) ahms ]nn s]cp- m \a-k v I -c np.
A_vZp-m- ln_v\p akv-DuZv heo-Zp_v\p DJv_-bpsS ]nn \a-kvI-cn-n-pv. Hcp\m aZy-]nv Atlw kp_vlv \mep
dIv A v \a- k v I - c n- - X mbpw DYv a m AXns t]cn At- l - n\v ASn- i n \In- b - X mbpw dntmp
sN-s-n-pv. klm-_n-amcpw Xm_n-D-Ifpw Nne kmlN-cy -fn C{]-Imcw ap_vX-Zn-D-I-fpw ^mkn-Jp-I-fpambn
KWn--p--h-sc XpSp \a-kvI-cn-n-pv.
Camw aAvaqw \np--Xnepw Db ev Ibdn \nm-h- Xsv ]d-p-htm
Fm aA- v a q- a p- I v Cam- a n- t - X nepw Db ev \nm hp- - X mWv . Cam- a ns Ne- \ -
Adn-b m-s a- n Cam-a n\pw aA-v a q- a n \pw CSbv v ad-b p- m-h p- XpsImv hntcm-[ -a n-. Camw \a-k v I m-c - ns
D]m[n()tbm {][m\ LS-Itam () hXpw Dt]-n-p- sh-n aAvaqw AXv Adn-n-s-n Abm-fpsS
\a-kvIm-c-n\v AXp-sImv XI-cm kw`-hn- p-n. Cam-an\v CSbvv \a-kvImcw Dt]- nv t]mth- n-h-m
asm-cmsf ]Icw \ndp-m-hp--XmWv. Jeo^ Da(d)Ipt--tm \akvImcn\v Camambn A_vZp- d-lvam-\p_v\p
Hu^n(d)s\ ]Icw \n- b n- n- c pp. P\- v Cjv S - a n- m B Ahv Cam- a m- h m ]mSn. \_n(k)
]d--Xmbn C_v\p Amkv (d) D-cn-pp:

^ ^j ] ^ ^` n ^` q ki^e ] (a ^ a ^ $ q ] f ` ` i i $$
Dq^ e]E

(aqp-t ]-cpsS \a-kvI mcw Ah-cpsS Xe-bv p-ap-I -fn Hcp Nm t]mepw Dbp-I -bn. Hcp P\X shdpt
Ahv (\a-kvIm-c n\v) t\XrXzw \Ip--h. `m-hns tIm]-n\v hnt[bbmbn cm{Xn Ign-p-Iq-p kv{Xo.
]c-kv]cw t]mc-Sn-p cp ktlm-Z-c -m.)