2

29
30
2
f

(z) f(z) = u+iv

u
x
=
v
y
,
u
y
=
v
x
;
f

(z) =
u
x
+ i
v
x
=
v
y
i
u
y
.
f

(z) = lim
z0
f(z + z) f(z)
z
= lim
z0
[u(x + x, y + y) u(x, y)] + i [v(x + x, y + y) v(x, y)]
x + i y
z = x
f

(z) = lim
x0
[u(x + x, y) u(x, y)] + i[v(x + x, y) v(x, y)]
x
=
u
x
+ i
v
x
.
z = i y
f

(z) = lim
i y0
[u(x, y + y) u(x, y)] + i [v(x, y + y) v(x, y)]
i y
=
v
y
i
u
y
.
31
u v x y
u/x u/y v/x v/y
z
0
z
0
z
0
f(z) = |z|
2
z = 0
f(z) = |z|
2
z = 0
32
2
e
z
= e
x+iy
= e
x
(cos y + i seny) .
u(x, y) = e
x
cos y v(x, y) = e
x
seny
u
x
= e
x
cos y =
v
y
,
u
y
= e
x
seny =
v
x
,
u v u/x v/x
e
z
= 0 z e
z
e
z
e
z
= 0 ;
(e
z
)
n
= e
nz
;
e
z
1
e
z
2
= e
z
1
+z
2
;
e
z
1
e
z
2
= e
z
1
z
2
;
d
dz
e
z
= e
z
.
e
z+2i
= e
z
.
senz =
e
iz
e
iz
2i
; cos z =
e
iz
+ e
iz
2
;
e
iz
= cos z + i senz .
33
d
dz
senz = cos z ;
d
dz
cos z = senz ;
sen
2
z + cos
2
z = 1 ;
sen(z + 2n) = senz ;
cos (z + 2n) = cos z ;
senz cos z
tg z =
senz
cos z
;
ctg z =
cos z
senz
;
sec z =
1
cos z
;
csc z =
1
senz
.
/2, 3/2, . . .
0, , 2, . . .
34
2
d
dz
tg z = sec
2
z ;
tg
2
z + 1 = sec
2
z
sh z =
e
z
e
z
2
,
ch z =
e
z
+ e
z
2
,
tgh z =
sh z
ch z
.
sh z ch z
2i tgh z i
z
lnz = ln

r e
i

= ln r + ln e
i
= ln r + i
r > 0
z
2 4
lnz lnr + i
lnr + i( 2) lnr + i( 4)
lnz
r > 0 , < < .
35
r > 0 <
lnr
x
0
< 0
lnz ln|x
0
| + i
ln|x
0
| i
lnz
=
z = 0 lnz
r > 0, 0 < < 2
r > 0, < < 3
. . . . . .
d
dz
lnz =
1
z
lne
z
= z
e
lnz
= z
lnz
1
z
2
= lnz
1
+ lnz
2
ln
z
1
z
2
= lnz
1
lnz
2
.
e
z
36
2 senz cos z
sen
2
z + cos
2
z = 1
sen2i ch i tg i/2
ln(z
1
+ z
2
) = lnz
1
+ lnz
2

B
O
(1 + 2z) dz
O B = 1 + i
OA AB OA = 1 AB = 1
37
-
6

6
-

6
-
x
iy
-
6
O B = 1 + i
z OB
x = t , y = t ,
t 0 1

B
O
(1 + 2z) dz =

B
O
(1 + 2x + 2iy)(dx + idy)
=

1
0
(1 + 2t + 2it) (dt + idt) =
= (1 + i)

1
0
[(1 + 2(1 + i)t] dt
= (1 + i)

1
0
dt + 2(1 + i)
2

1
0
t dt
= 1 + i + 2(1 + i)
2
1
2
= 1 + 3i .
OA
x = t y = 0

A
O
(1 + 2z) dz =

1
0
(1 + 2t) dt = 2
AB x = 1 = y = t

B
A
(1 + 2z) dz =

1
0
(1 + 2 + 2it)(0 + idt) = 1 + 3i .
38
2 OA 2
AB 1 +3i
OA AB 2 1 + 3i = 1 + 3i
OB
OC CB 1 + 3i
OABCO

OABCO
(1 + 2z) dz = 2 + (1 + 3i) + (2 2i) + (1 i) = 0,
BC CO

C
B
(1 + 2z) dz =

B
C
(1 + 2z) dz .
OABO
OBCO

C
1 + 2z
z
2
dz
C |z| = 1
z = r e
i
= e
i
r = 1

C
1 + 2z
z
2
dz =

C
dz
z
2
+ 2

C
dz
z
=

2
0
e
i
id
e
2i
+ 2

2
0
e
i
id
e
i
= i

e
i
i

2
0
+ 4i = 4i .
(1 + 2z)
(1 + 2z)/z
2
39
1
f(z)
C

C
f(z) dz = 0 .
f(z) = 1/z
z = 0 C
f(z)
C
z
1
, z
2
, . . . , z
n
C
1
C
2
C
n
B
C C
1
C
2
C
n
B

B
f(z) dz = 0 .
40
2
B

B
f(z) dz
f(z) =
1 + 2z
senz/2
B |z| = 4
x = 1 y = 1
(1+2z)/sen(z/2) sen(z/2) = 0
z = 0, 2, 4, . . .
41

B
f(z) dz = 0 .
f(z)
C z
0
C
1
2i

C
f(z)
z z
0
dz = f(z
0
) .
f(z) C
f z
0
C
f(z)

C
e
z
z i/2
dz
C x = 2 y = 2
f(z) = e
z
C z
0
= i/2 C

C
e
z
z i/2
dz = 2i f(z
0
) = 2i e
i/2
= 2 .
O = 0 A = 4 B =
4 + 2i C = 2i f(z) = f(x + iy) = (3 + x
2
y
2
) + 2xy i
42
2

B
O
f(z) dz
O B
OB OA AB
OC CB
OABCO
f(z)
OABCO

C
f(z) dz
f(z) =
2 z
3
+ 3 i
z(z + 1)
C 2 A = 1 + i
x y
6
43
44