9

149

150

9
(x)

(x) =

0 , x = 0
, x = 0

(x)


+


>0

(x) f (x) dx = f (0)

f (x)

x=0
x=0

(x) = lim gn (x)

n

gn
n
2 2
gn (x) = en x .

gn

[gn (x)]2 dx = 1 .
gn

n
(x)
x=0

(x)

151

g1
g2
g5

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
2

1.5

0.5

0.5

1.5

x
gn (x)

n = 1, 2, 5

(x)

V
K f :V K
f (x + y) = f (x) + f (y) ,

x, y V, , K .

(x)
: R C

152

9
(x)
(x)
[a, b]

(x)


(x) =

1
1x2

, |x| < 1 ,
0,
|x| 1 .

( + )(x) = (x) + (x) ,

()(x) = (x) ,
(x)

, D ;

D, C .

{n (x)}

0D

D
[a, b]

{n }
{n }
(i)
n (x) 0 ,

i, x [a, b] .

153

>0

>0

D

D
T : D C
T () = (T, )
T () = T |

(T, + ) = (T, ) + (T, )

, D
n D

n 0

(T, n ) (T, 0) ,

D

(0 , ) = (0)

D .

0
0
(a , ) = (a)

D .
(x a)

f (x)

154

[a, b]


|f (x)| dx .

f

(f, ) =

f (x) (x) dx .
f

f

f |
=

f (x) (x) dx .

T |


H(x) =

H|
=

1, x > 0,
0, x < 0.


H(x) (x) dx =

(x) dx
0

H(0)
D

R + T |
= R|
+ T |

155

R, T D  , D
T |
= T |

T D , D, C
D

f |
=

f dx =

[f ]+

f  dx = f |
.

T  |
= T |
,
D
f+ f

f (x)

x = a

T D
sa =

x=a

f |
= f |
=
f  dx
 a


f dx +
= lim
0+

156

a+

a

f dx +

a+


f dx .





 a

a
f |
= lim f (x)(x)
lim
f  dx+
0+
0+


 +

+

lim
f dx
+ lim f (x)(x)


0+

0+

a+

a+

= lim [f (a )(a)] + lim [f (a + )(a)] +

0+
0+


 a
 +


f dx + lim
f dx
+ lim
0+

0+

a+

{f }(x)

{...} =

{f  }(x) dx = {f  }|

f  |
= (a) [f+ f ] + {f  }|



sa

= sa a |
+ {f  }|
.

f  = {f } + sa a .
f
x = a1 x = a2

x = an


f = {f } +

si ai .

i=1

f  = {f  } +

si  bi +

i=1

si 
si

f
a1 , a2 , . . . , an

si  ai ,

i=1

b1 , b2 , . . . , bm

 ai

157

 ai |
=  (x = ai ) = ai |
.
f

f 
H(x)

H  (x) = 0
H(x)
x f (x) = |x|
(x)
|x| =  = 2 0 .

x (x)

158

H(x)
+1

log|x|

 
 


d

log |x| 
= log |x| 
dx
 
= lim
log |x|  dx+
0+


 +

+
log |x| dx
+

= lim log () log () +
0+



0

 
 +
(x)
(x)
+
dx +
dx
x
x

+

 

d
log |x|  =
dx



lim

1 0+

1

(x)
dx ;
x

(x)
dx .
x

(x)
dx
x

lim

2 0+

+2

(x)
dx ,
x

1 2

lim

0+

(x)
dx +
x

+


(x)
dx
x

159

 log 
 0

Re 0, Re 0

0

dx
= lim
0+
x




= = 0

dx
+ log  = log b
x
log b log 

log 

1/x

1/x2

x y = 0 ;
yclass = C1 =
ydistr = C2 H(x)
H(x)

160

9
x C2 H  |
= C2 x 0 |

= C2 0 |x
= 0
x=0

y = C1 + C2 H(x) .
A letra foi escolhida em homenagem a
Schwartz.



lim xk (p) (x) = 0

|x|

k0

p0

ex

S
n

xk (p)
n (x) 0
n

k, p
S
S
1/xm eikx
D S;

k
D

D S  .

H H
H
H

161

H
D H H  D

S H S ;

eikx
H
S
H

x
x
x

162

D

S

163