1.Hin tng hp ph.

Hp ph l s tch ly cht trn b mt phn cch cc pha (kh -rn, lng-rn, kh

lng, lng -lng). Cht c b mt, trn xy ra s hp ph c gi l cht
hp ph; cn cht c tch lu trn b mt cht hp ph gi l cht b hp
ph.Bn cht ca hin tng hp ph l s tng tc gia cc phn t cht hp ph
vcht b hp ph. Ty theo bn cht ca lc tng tc m ngi ta phn bit hai
loihp ph l hp ph vt l v hp ph ha hc.
a.Hp ph vt l.
Cc phn t hp ph lin kt vi nhng tiu phn (nguyn t, phn t, ion,..)
bmt phn chia pha bi lc lin kt Van Der Walls yu. l tng ca nhiu lc
htkhc nhau: tnh in, tn x, cm ng v lc nh hng. Lc lin kt ny yu
nnd b ph v.Trong hp ph vt l,cc phn t ca cht b hp ph v cht hp
ph khng tothnh hp cht ha hc (khng hnh thnh cc lin kt ha hc) m
cht b hp phch b ngng t trn b mt phn chia pha v b gi li trn b mt
hp ph.Qu trnh hp ph vt l thi tng tc gia cht hp ph v cht b hp
ph khngln, cu trc in t ca cht b hp ph t b thay i, nhit hp ph to
ra nh.
b.Hp ph ha hc.
Hp ph ha hc xy ra khi cc phn t cht hp ph to hp cht ha hc
vi phn t cht b hp ph. Lc hp ph khi l lc lin kt ha hc thng
thng(lin kt ion, lin kt cng ha tr, lin kt phi tr). Lc ny mnh nn
kh b ph v.Qu trnh hp ph ha hc th tng tc giua cht b hp ph v cht
hp ph ln,lm bin i cu trc in t ca cc nguyn t dn n s hnh thnh
lin kt hahc, nhit ta ra ngang vi phn ng ha hc.
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