Ti liu n thi H-C 2010-2011 Chuyn : Nhm halogen v h!

"h#t "$a "h%ng C&' gia () '*"h +hoa

Chuyn :NH,- H.&/01N 23 H45 CH6T
789 :7;N TH<C C= '>N:
18:h*i nim v "#u t?o:
Nguyn t halogen c 7 electron lp ngoi cng ns
2
np
5
, bn knh nguyn t nh, c !" #$ !i%n ln
&' nh(n e, halogen c tnh o)i ha $*nh + l phi ki$ !i,n h-nh.
/on halogenua 0
1
c $2c o)i ha th3p nh3t nn th, hi%n tnh kh.
/
2
4r
2
5l
2
6
2
7nh o)i ha t8ng &9n
2/
1
24r
1
25l
1
26
1
7nh kh gi:$ &9n
289 &@ t@nh:
;alogen 6
2
5l
2
4r
2
/
2
7r*ng thi <h <h =ng >?n
@u s?c 0anh nh*t Ang lBc C n#u 7$ than
A89 T@nh oBi ha "$a halogen:
7c &Bng +i 5hu y A &B
<i$ lo*i D)i ha ki$ lo*i !En ha trF
cao trG /ot
26e H I5l
2
26e5l
I
6e H /
2
6e/
2
Jhi ki$ 7rG N
2
, 5, D
2
. ;
2
H 5l
2
2;5l
2J H I5l
2
J5l
I
hay J5l
5
;alogen tnh
o)i ha yEu
CKy halogen c tnh o)i ha
yEu ra khi &ung &Fch $uLi.
5l
2
H 2Na4r 4r
2
H 2Na5l
4r
2
H 2Na/ /
2
H 2Na4r
5h3t kh ;
2
M, 6e
2H
, Na
2
MD
I
, MD
2 6e5l
2
H 5l
2
26e5l
I
4r
2
H MD
2
H ;
2
D ;
2
MD
N
H 2;4r
N5l
2
H ;
2
M H N;
2
D ;
2
MD
N
H O;5l
Pung &Fch
kiQ$
=oRng ngu"i hoSc !Sc nng 2<D; H 5l
2
<5l H <5lD H ;
2
D
T<D; H I5l
2

o
, t
5<5l H <5lD
I
H I;
2
D
25aUD;V
2
H 5l
2
5a5l
2
H 5aU5lDV
2
H 2;
2
D
;
2
D 6
2
ph#n hWy ;
2
D.
/
2
khXng ph:n 2ng.
26
2
H 2;
2
D N;6 H D
2
5l
2
H ;
2
D ;5l H ;5lD
C89 T@nh "h#t ha hD" "$a "*" Halogenua:
a89 C*" !hEn Fng "hFng minh +hE nGng +hH giEm IJn tK 7- Ln M -
5h3t ph:n 2ng ;/ ;4r ;5l ;6
@nD
2
/
2
4r
2
5l
2
;
2
MD
N
!Sc /
2
U;
2
M, MV 4r
2
UMD
2
V
6e5l
I
/
2
N89 OPa vo t@nh +hH "$a Q- ta " !h)Rng !h*! iSu "hL halogen
5l
2
Y c th, o)i ha 5l
1
bZng <@nD
N
hoSc @nD
2
or <
2
5r
2
D
7
trong $Xi tr[\ng a)it.
2<@nD
N
H ]T;5l 2@n5l
2
H 2<5l H 55l
2
H O;
2
D
@nD
2
H N;5l @n5l
2
H 5l
2
H 2;
2
D
<
2
5r
2
D
7
H ]N;5l 25r5l
I
H I5l
2
H 2<5l H 7;
2
D
4r
2
Y o)i h^a 4r
1
bZng @nD
2
trong $Xi tr[\ng a)it.
@nD
2
H 2<4r H 2;
2
MD
N
4r
2
H <
2
MD
N
H @nMD
N
H 2;
2
D
@nD
2
H N;4r @n4r
2
H 4r
2
H 2;
2
D
/
2
Y o)i ha /1 bZng @nD
2
trong $Xi tr[\ng a)it.
@nD
2
H 2</ H 2;
2
MD
N
/
2
H <
2
MD
N
H @nMD
N
H 2;
2
D
6
2
Y nhi%t ph#n nng ch:y <6, +i anot bZng than ch- +o katot bZng th_p.
Na5l H ;
2
MD
N
U`V

o
250 C
Na;MD
N
H ;5l
2Na4r H 2;
2
MD
N
U`V Na
2
MD
N
H 4r
2
H MD
2
H 2;
2
D
Chm ch hc l thuytT Sing nng lm bi tpT Con ng ti thnh cngT Trng 1
Ti liu n thi H-C 2010-2011 Chuyn : Nhm halogen v h! "h#t "$a "h%ng C&' gia () '*"h +hoa
2Na/ H 2;
2
MD
N
U`V Na
2
MD
N
H /
2
H MD
2
H 2;
2
D
7789 :7;N TH<C 'U VWN0:
189 H! "h#t "hFa oBi "$a "lo:
7rong hap ch3t, clo c nhiQu sL o)i ha khc nhau, chW yEu l cc sL o)i ha lb U1], H], HI, H5, H7V.
a89 N)X" Yaven: = &ung &Fch thu ![ac khi cho kh clo cua &ung &Fch NaD;
2NaD; H 5l
2
Na5l H Na5lD H ;
2
D
N[c da+en c tnh o)i ha $*nh &ng !, tKy tr?ng, st trng.
Na5lD l $uLi cWa a)it yEu, trong khXng kh tc &Bng +i kh 5D
2
t*o &ung &Fch a)it hipoclorX l a)it
k_$ bQn + c tnh o)i ha $*nh.
Na5lD H 5D
2
H ;
2
D Na;5D
I
H ;5lD
N89 CloZua v[i: 5Xng th2c c3u t*oY 5l e 5a e D e 5l
5h3t b"t $u tr?ng cWa $uLi clo, ![ac !iQu chE bZng cch cho kh clo tc &Bng +i +Xi sfa
5l
2
H 5aUD;V
2
5aD5l
2
H ;
2
D
5aD5l
2
l $uLi cWa 2 a)itY ;5lD + ;5l. 7rong khXng kh, clorua +Xi tc &Bng +i 5D
2
t*o &ung
&Fch a)it hipoclorX l a)it k_$ bQn c tnh o)i ha $*nh.
25aD5l
2
H 5D
2
H ;
2
D 5a5D
I
H 5a5
l2
H 2;5lD
"89 :ali "loZat: 7inh th, $u tr?ng, ![ac !iQu chE bZng cch cho kh clo cua && <D; &[ nhi%t !" kho:ng 7g
o
5
T<D; H I5l
2

o
, t
5<5l H <5lD
I
H I;
2
D
Nhi%t ph#n <5lD
I
c )hc tc @nD
2
, ph:n 2ng &' &ngY
2<5lD
I

o
t
2<5l H ID
2
5h3t o)i ha $*nh, n &' &ng ph:n 2ng khi nung +i M ho8c 5Y
2<5lD
I
H IM

o
t
2<5l H MD
2
2<5lD
I
H I5

o
t
2<5l H I5D
2
I89 C*" aBit CloZua /Bi "$a "lo:
5c a)it clorua o)i cWa clo gi$Y a)it hipoclorj ;5lD, a)it clorj ;5lD
2
, a)it clorit ;5lD
I
, a)it
peclorit ;5lD
N
.
7nh a)it trong &ung &^ch tang &an +ak tnh o)i hoa gial$ &an theo thm tmnY ;5lD, ;5lD
2
,
;5lD
I
, ;5lD
N
.
;5lDY a)it yeu ke$ benY
Na5lD H 5D
2
H ;
2
D Na;5D
I
H ;5lD
2;5lD 2;5l H D
2
;5lD
2
Y a)it trung b-nh, ke$ ben
I;5lD
2
2;5lD
I
H ;5l
;5lD
I
Y a)it $annh, ke$ ben khi nong `oo p 5gq
I;5lD
I
;5lD
N
H 5lD
2
H ;
2
D
;5lD
N
Y a)it $annh nhat trong cac a)it +o# cX, ke$ ben khi `un nong +Xi J
2
D
5
2;5lD
N

o
t
5l
2
D
7
H ;
2
D
289 0iEi to*n lin \uan Ln halogen:
a89 Nh]n NiLt Q
-
N^ng II .gN/
A
rgND
I
5l
1
4r
1
/
1
6
1
rg5l Utr?ngV rg4r U+ng nh*tV rg/ U+ngV rg6 tan
>ing /
1
sau khi o)i ho bZng 6e
IH
Y 26e
IH
H 2/
1
26e
2H
H /
2
!ot "inh r lm h# tinh b$t c% mu &nh th'm(
N89 C*" halogen Q
2
_tZong Iung I`"ha +hi "[ "?n (b N` Nay hRi9
5hh sY H 2 $uLi halogenua tc &Bng +i rgND
I
c t*o kEt tWa Uc th, 2 hoSc ] $uLi t*o kEt tWaV
H 5ho halogen 0 tc &Bng +i $uLi halogenua Nat, c th, gSp tr[\ng hap 0
2
thiEu, t
2
bF !Ky ra
khXng hon ton
77789 '37 Tc5 <N0 OdN0:
Chm ch hc l thuytT Sing nng lm bi tpT Con ng ti thnh cngT Trng 2
Ti liu n thi H-C 2010-2011 Chuyn : Nhm halogen v h! "h#t "$a "h%ng C&' gia () '*"h +hoa
5#u ]. 5c nguyn tL halogen c c3u h-nh lp e ngoi cng lY
r. ns
2
4. ns
2
np
I
5. ns
2
np
N
P. ns
2
np
5
5#u 2u. ;alogen c th, r?n U!iQu ki%n th[\ngV, c tnh th8ng hoa lY
r. vlo 4. clo 5. bro$ P. iot
5#u Iu. 7h2 tw t8ng &9n !" #$ !i%n cWa cc halogen lY
r. 6x5lx4rx/ 4. 4rx5lx6x/ 5. /x5lx4rx6 P. /x4rx5lx6
5#u Nu. 7h2 tw t8ng &9n bn knh nguyn t cWa cc halogen lY
r. 6x5lx4rx/ 4. 4rx5lx6x/ 5. /x5lx4rx6 P. /x4rx5lx6
5#u 5u. 5 7e lp ngoi cng, cc tnh ch3t chung cWa cc halogen lY
r. tnh kh $*nh, &' nh[\ng ]e. 4. 7nh kh $*nh , &' nh(n ]e.
5. 7nh o)i ho $*nh &' nh(n ]e. P. tnh o)i ho $*nh, &' nh[\ng ]e.
5#u Tu. 7rong cc hap ch3t clo c nhfng sL o)i ho no y
r. 1], g, H], H5 4. 1], g, H], H7 5. 1], HI, H5, H7 P. 1], H], HI, H5, H7
5#u 7u. 5hzn halogen c ph:n 2ng $*nh nh3t +i ;
2
r. 5l
2
4. 6
2
5. 4r
2
P. /
2
5#u Ou. 7rong ph:n 2ngY 5l
2
H ;
2
D ;5l H ;5lD, kh clo th, hi%n tnh
r. o)i ho 4. <h 5. <hW + o)i ho P. a)it
5#u {u. 5hzn ph:n 2ng trong ! halogen c tnh khY
r. 4r
2
H MD
2
H 2;
2
D 2;4r H ;
2
MD
N
4. ;
2
H 5l
2
2;5l
5. N5l
2
H ;
2
M H N;
2
D ;
2
MD
N
H O;5l P. 4r
2
H 55l
2
H T;
2
D ;4rD
I
H ]g;5l
5#u ]gu. 5hzn ki$ lo*i ph:n 2ng +i 5lo + ;5l cho cng $"t $uLiY
r. rg 4. 5u 5. 6e P. 5a
5#u ]]u. 7rong ph^ng th nghi%$ , kh clo th[\ng ![ac !iQu chE tGY
r. Na5l H ;
2
MD
N
U!ScV 4. ;5l H <@nD
N
5. Na5l UNhi%t ph#nV P. 6
2
H <5l
5#u ]2u. 0_t +Q tnh o)i ho e kh, a)it clohi&ric
r. clo c tnh kh 4. 5lo c tnh o)i ho
5. 5lo c tnh o)i ho + tnh kh P. <hXng c tnh D)i ho + tnh kh.
5#u ]Iu. Jh:n 2ng no &[i !#y khXng ):y ra y
r. Na5l H rgND
I
rg5l H NaND
I
4. ;5l H rgND
I
rg5l H ;ND
I

5. 2;5l H 5u 5u5l
2
H ;
2
P. 2;5l H 6eM 6e5l
2
H ;
2
M
5#u ]Nu. 7rong ph^ng th nghi%$ ng[\i ta !iQu chE ;5l bZng ph:n 2ngY
r. Na5l r H ;
2
MD
N
!Sc 4. 4a5l
2
H ;
2
MD
N
5. ;
2
H 5l
2
P. 5l
2
H ;4r
5#u ]5. Nh(n )_t no !hng +Q tnh o)i ha1kh cWa nh$ halogen y
r. 5lo, bro$ + iot ch| co tnh o)i hoa $annh.
4. 7nh khml gial$ &an theo thm tmn clo, bro$, iot.
5. 7nh o)i hoa tang &an theo thmn tmn lak vlo, clo, bro$, iot.
P. 6lo ch| co tnh o)i hoa, cokn clo, bro$, iot co cal tnh khml +ak tnh o)i hoa.
5#u ]Tu 7hwc hi%n ph:n 2ng gifa g,gIg ;
2
+i g,7]g 5l
2
. NEu hiu su3t ph:n 2ng !*t Ngq th- th, tch kh
sinh ra sau ph:n 2ng } ! ktc l Y
r. g,NNO lt 4. g,]INN lt 5. g,]7{2 lt P. g,T72 lt
5#u ]7u. 5ho a $ol kh ;5l +o {2,7g ;
2
D ![ac && r. =3y ]u5 && r tc &Bng +i rgND
I
&[ ![ac 5,7Ng
kEt tWa. Ning !" q &&h r l
r. 7,Iq 4. I,T5q 5. I,{Nq P. 7,O7q
5#u ]Ou. r)it halogenhi&ric no c th, 8n $^n thu~ tinhy
r. ;6 4. ;5l 5. ;4r P. ;/
5#u ]{u. ML o)i ho cWa 5lo trong clorua +Xi lY
r. H] 4. 1] 5. H] + 1] P. g
5#u 2g 5lorua +Xi + n[c da+en th, hi%n tnh o)i ho l &oY
r. 5h2a ion 5lD
1
, gLc cWa a)it c tnh o)i ho $*nh.
4. 5h2a ion 5l
1
, gLc cWa a)it clohi&ric !i%n li $*nh.
5. n[c clo !Qu l s:n phK$ cWa ch3t o)i ho $*nh 5l
2
+i kiQ$.
Chm ch hc l thuytT Sing nng lm bi tpT Con ng ti thnh cngT Trng A
Ti liu n thi H-C 2010-2011 Chuyn : Nhm halogen v h! "h#t "$a "h%ng C&' gia () '*"h +hoa
P. 7rong ph#n tW c ch2a cation ki$ lo*i $*nh.
5#u 2]u. 5hzn c#u !hng
r. 5c ion 6
1
, 5l
1
, 4r
1
, /
1
!Qu t*o kEt tWa +i rg
H
.
4. 5c ion 5l
1
, 4r
1
, /
1
!Qu cho kEt tWa $u tr?ng +i rg
H
.
5. 5 th, nh(n biEt ion 5l
1
, 6
1
, /
1
ch bZng && rgND
I
.
P. 7rong cc ion halogenua, ch c ion 5l
1
$i t*o kEt tWa +i rg
H
.
5#u 22u. PRy a)it no ![ac )Ep theo th2 tw tnh a)it gi:$ &9n y
r. ;5l, ;4r, ;/, ;6 4. ;/, ;4r, ;5l, ;6 5. ;5l, ;/, ;4r, ;6 P. ;6, ;5l, ;4r, ;/
5#u 2Nu. 5hat nako co the khml `mXnc 6e5l
I
y r. <4r 4. Na5l 5. </
P. Na6
5#u 25u. 5ho ]{g $uLi @g0
2
U0Y halogenV tc &Bng +i && rgND
I
&[ ![ac 57,Ng kEt tWa. 5Xng th2c cWa
$uLi l Y
r. @g/
2
4. @g5l
2
5. @g4r
2
P. @g6
2
5#u 2Tu. 5ho g,gI$ol hh 2 $uLi Na0 +o Nat U0, t l 2 halogen thu"c 2 chu k- lin tiEpV tc &Bng +i
rgND
I
&[ ![ac N,75g kEt tWa. 0 + t lY
r. 6 + 5l 4. 5l + 4r 5. 4r + / P. / + rt
5#u 27u. 5ho 5,Tg 6e + T,Ng 5u +o &ung &Fch ;5l &[. 7h, tch kh thu ![ac } !ktc lY
r. 2,2N lt 4. I,IT lt 5. N,NO lt P. 5,Tg lt
5#u 2Ou. Jh:n 2ng no sau !#y c th, ):y ra ![acy
r. 4r
2
H 2Na5l 2Na4r H 5l
2
4. 5l
2
H 2Na/ 2Na5l H /
2

5. /
2
H 2Na4r 2Na/ H 4r
2
P. I/
2
H T6e5l
2
N6e5l
I
H 26e/
I
5#u 2{u. Pn g,]5$ol kh clo cua A lt &ung &Fch Na4r g,]@, ph:n 2ng kEt thhc thu ![ac Og 4r
2
. i trF
A l Y
r. g,5 4. ],g 5. ],5 P. 2,g
5#u Igu. 5hzn $"t hap ch3t !, ph#n bi%t cc && NaND
I
, ;5l, Na5l + rgND
I

r. phenolphtalein 4. &ung &Fch NaD; 5. u t$ P. &ung &Fch ;
2
MD
N
5#u I]u. 5ho 2gg$l && ;5l g,75@ +o b-nh ch2a 5,Igg Na
2
5D
I
th- th3y c kh khXng $u bay ln. 7h,
tch kh thot ra } !ktc lY
r. ],]2 lt 4. ],TO lt 5. I,IT lt P. T,72 lt
5#u I2u. 5hzn c#u saiY
r. 5 th, !iQu chE 4ro$ bZng ph:n 2ng gifa 5l
2
+i Na4r.
4. @uLi rg4r khXng bQn !R bF ph#n tch khi c nh sng.
5. 5 th, !iQu chE ;4r bZng ph:n 2ng Na4r +i ;
2
MD
N
!Sc.
P. !iQu ki%n th[\ng 4r
2
c th, lng $u ! n#u, &' bay hji.
5#u IIu. @uLi /ot l $uLi c ch2a /ot o &*ng no Y
r. /
2
4. @g/
2
5. 5a/
2
P. </
5#u INu. NEu ph#n bi%t 2 && Na4r, Na/ ta c th, &ng
r. rgND
I
4. rgND
I
, hi tinh b"t 5. 6e5l
I
, ho tinh b"t P. ;i tinh b"t
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH C./ hN0 Ni- 200j
Cku 1: <hi cho ]gg$l && <D; ]@ +o ]gg$l && ;5l thu ![ac && c ch2a T,525 ga$ ch3t tan. Ning !"
$ol UhoSc $olulV cWa ;5l trong && !R &ng l U5ho ; ] D ]T 5l I5,5 < I{V
.9 g,75@. '9 ]@. C9 g,25@. O9 g,5@.
Cku 2: 5ho ki$ lo*i @ tc &Bng +i 5l2 ![ac $uLi 0 cho ki$ lo*i @ tc &Bng +i &ung &Fch ;5l ![ac
$uLi t. NEu cho ki$ lo*i @ tc &Bng +i &ung &Fch $uLi 0 ta cng ![ac $uLi t. <i$ lo*i @ c th, l
.9 @g. '9 n. C9 rl. O9 6e.
Cku A: 5c kh c th, cng tin t*i trong $"t hn hap l
.9 N;I + ;5l. '9 ;2M + 5l2. C9 5l2 + D2. O9 ;/ + DI.
Cku C: ;o tan hon ton hh 0 gi$ 6e + @g bZng $"t l[ang +Ga !W && ;5l 2gq, thu ![ac && t. Ning
!" cWa 6e5l2 trong && t l ]5,7Tq. Ning !" ph9n tr8$ cWa @g5l2 trong && t l
.9 2N,2Nq. '9 ]],7{q. C9 2O,2]q. O9 ]5,7Tq.
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH C./ hN0 Ni- 200l
Chm ch hc l thuytT Sing nng lm bi tpT Con ng ti thnh cngT Trng C
Ti liu n thi H-C 2010-2011 Chuyn : Nhm halogen v h! "h#t "$a "h%ng C&' gia () '*"h +hoa
Cku 1: 5h3t &ng !, l$ khX kh 5l
2
K$ l
.9 Na
2
MD
I
khan. '9 &ung &Fch NaD; !Sc. C9 &ung &Fch ;
2
MD
N
!($ !Sc . O9 5aD .
Cku 2: PRy gi$ cc ch3t +Ga tan trong &ung &Fch ;5l, +Ga tan trong &ung &Fch NaD; lY
.9 Na;5D
I
, @gD, 5aU;5D
I
V
2
. '9 Na;5D
I
, nD, @gUD;V
2
.
C9 Na;5D
I
, 5aU;5D
I
V
2
, rl
2
D
I
. O9 @gUD;V
2
, rl
2
D
I
, 5aU;5D
I
V
2
.
Cku A: CLt chy hon ton 7,2 ga$ ki$ lo*i @ Uc ho trF hai khXng !i trong hap ch3tV trong hn hap
kh 5l
2
+ D
2
. Mau ph:n 2ng thu ![ac 2I,g ga$ ch3t r?n + th, tch hh kh !R ph:n 2ng l 5,T lt U} !ktcV.
<i$ lo*i @ l .9 @g. '9 5a. C9 4e. O9 5u.
Cku C: PRy no sau !#y ch gi$ cc ch3t +Ga tc &Bng ![ac +i && ;5l, +Ga tc &Bng ![ac +i &&
rgND
I
y
.9 6e, Ni, Mn. '9 rl, 6e, 5uD. C9 n, 5u, @g. O9 ;g, Na, 5a.
Cku m: Nung nng ]T,O ga$ hh gi$ ru, rg, 5u, 6e, n +i $"t l[ang &[ kh D
2
, !En khi cc ph:n 2ng
):y ra hon ton, thu ![ac 2I,2 ga$ ch3t r?n 0. 7h, tch && ;5l 2@ +Ga !W !, ph:n 2ng +i ch3t r?n 0
l
.9 Ngg $l. '9 2gg $l. C9 Ogg $l. O9 Tgg $l.
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH n7 HoCp C./ hN0 Ni- 200jp :hqi .
Cku 1: 5ho tG tG && ch2a a $ol ;5l +o && ch2a b $ol Na
2
5D
I
!ing th\i khu3y !Qu, thu ![ac A lt kh
U} !ktcV + && 0. <hi cho &[ n[c +Xi trong +o && 0 th3y c )u3t hi%n kEt tWa. 4i,u th2c lin h% gifa A
+i a, b lY .9 A 22,NUa 1 bV. '9 A ]],2Ua 1 bV. C9 A ]],2Ua H bV. O9 A 22,NUa H bV.
Cku 2: Pung &Fch ;5l + &ung &Fch 5;I5DD; c cng ning !" $olul, p; cWa hai &ung &Fch t[jng 2ng
l ) + y. uan h% gifa ) + y l Ugi: thiEt, c2 ]gg ph#n t 5;I5DD; th- c ] ph#n t !i%n liV
.9 y ]gg). '9 y 2). C9 y ) 1 2. O9 y ) H 2.
Cku A: 7rong ph^ng th nghi%$, ng[\i ta th[\ng !iQu chE clo bZng cch
.9 !i%n ph#n nng ch:y Na5l. '9 cho &ung &Fch ;5l !Sc tc &Bng +i @nD2, !un
nng.
C9 !i%n ph#n &ung &Fch Na5l c $ng ng8n. O9 cho 62 !Ky 5l2 ra khi &ung &Fch Na5l.
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH n7 HoCp C./ hN0 Ni- 200rp +hqi .
Cku 1: C, ho tan hon ton 2,I2 ga$ hn hap gi$ 6eD, 6eIDN + 6e2DI Utrong ! sL $ol 6eD bZng sL
$ol 6e2DIV, c9n &ng +Ga !W A lt &ung &Fch ;5l ]@. i trF cWa A l
.9 g,2I. '9 g,]O. C9 g,gO. O9 g,]T.
Cku 2: <hi !i%n ph#n Na5l nng ch:y U!i%n cwc trjV, t*i catXt ):y ra
.9 sw kh ion 5l1. '9 sw o)i ho ion 5l1. C9 sw o)i ho ion NaH. O9 sw kh ion
NaH.
Cku A: 5ho 2,]I ga$ hh 0 gi$ ba ki$ lo*i @g, 5u + rl } &*ng b"t tc &Bng hon ton +i o)i thu ![ac
hh t gi$ cc o)it c khLi l[ang I,II ga$. 7h, tch && ;5l 2@ +Ga !W !, ph:n 2ng hEt +i t l
.9 57 $l. '9 5g $l. C9 75 $l. O9 {g $l.
Cku C: 5ho cc ch3tY rl, rl2DI, rl2UMDNVI, nUD;V2, Na;M, <2MDI, UN;NV25DI. ML ch3t !Qu ph:n
2ng ![ac +i &ung &Fch ;5l, &ung &Fch NaD; l
.9 N. '9 5. C9 7. O9 T.
Cku m: 5ho cc ph:n 2ng sauY N;5l H @nD2 @n5l2 H 5l2 H 2;2D.
2;5l H 6e 6e5l2 H ;2. ]N;5l H <25r2D7 2<5l H 25r5lI H I5l2 H 7;2D.
T;5l H 2rl 2rl5lI H I;2. ]T;5l H 2<@nDN 2<5l H 2@n5l2 H 55l2 H O;2D.
ML ph:n 2ng trong ! ;5l th, hi%n tnh o)i ha l
.9 2. '9 ]. C9 N. O9 I.
Cku s: 7r"n ln A $l &ung &Fch NaD; g,g]@ +i A $l &ung &Fch ;5l g,gI @ ![ac 2A $l &ung &Fch t.
Pung &Fch t c p; l
.9 N. '9 I. C9 2. O9 ].
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH n7 HoCp C./ hN0 Ni- 200lp +hqi .
Chm ch hc l thuytT Sing nng lm bi tpT Con ng ti thnh cngT Trng m
Ti liu n thi H-C 2010-2011 Chuyn : Nhm halogen v h! "h#t "$a "h%ng C&' gia () '*"h +hoa
Cku 1: NEu cho ] $ol $i ch3tY 5aD5l2, <@nDN, <25r2D7, @nD2 l9n l[at ph:n 2ng +i l[ang &[
&ung &Fch ;5l !Sc, ch3t t*o ra l[ang kh 5l2 nhiQu nh3t l
.9 <@nDN. '9 @nD2. C9 5aD5l2. O9 <25r2D7.
Cku 2: PRy gi$ cc ch3t !Qu tc &Bng ![ac +i &ung &Fch ;5l loRng lY
.9 <NDI, 5a5DI, 6eUD;VI. '9 6eM, 4aMDN, <D;.
C9 rgNDI, UN;NV25DI, 5uM. O9 @gU;5DIV2, ;5DDNa, 5uD.
Cku A: && 0 ch2a hh gi$ Na
2
5D
I
],5@ + <;5D
I
]@. Nh tG tG tGng gizt cho !En hEt 2gg $l && ;5l
]@ +o ]gg $l && 0, sinh ra A lt kh U!ktcV. i trF cWa A l
.9 N,NO. '9 I,IT. C9 2,2N. O9 ],]2.
Cku C: ;o tan hon ton ]N,T ga$ hn hap 0 gi$ rl + Mn bZng &ung &Fch ;5l U&[V, thu ![ac 5,T lt
kh ;2 U} !ktcV. 7h, tch kh D2 U} !ktcV c9n !, ph:n 2ng hon ton +i ]N,T ga$ hn hap 0 l
.9 2,Og lt. '9 ],TO lt. C9 N,NO lt. O9 I,{2 lt.
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH n7 HoCp C./ hN0 Ni- 200jp :hqi '
Cku 1: 5ho ]I,NN lt kh clo U} !ktcV !i cua 2,5 lt &ung &Fch <D; } ]ggo5. Mau khi ph:n 2ng ):y ra
hon ton, thu ![ac I7,25 ga$ <5l. Pung &Fch <D; trn c ning !" l Ucho 5l I5,5 < I{V
.9 g,2N@. '9 g,NO@. C9 g,N@. O9 g,2@.
Cku 2: 5ho ],T7 ga$ hh gi$ hai ki$ lo*i } 2 chu k lin tiEp thu"c nh$ //r UJN5 nh$ //V tc &Bng
hEt +i && ;5l U&[V, thot ra g,T72 lt kh ;
2
U} !ktcV. ;ai ki$ lo*i ! l Ucho 4e {, @g 2N, 5a Ng, Mr O7,
4a ]I7V
.9 4e + @g. '9 @g + 5a. C9 Mr + 4a. O9 5a + Mr.
Cku A: Nung ]I,N ga$ hh 2 $uLi cacbonat cWa 2 ki$ lo*i ha trF 2, thu ![ac T,O ga$ ch3t r?n + kh 0.
=[ang kh 0 sinh ra cho h3p thB +o 75 $l && NaD; ]@, khLi l[ang $uLi khan thu ![ac sau ph:n 2ng
lY
.9 5,O ga$. '9 T,5 ga$. C9 N,2 ga$. O9 T,I ga$.
Cku C: 7rong $"t nh$ r Uph#n nh$ chnhV, trG nh$ A///r Uph#n nh$ chnh nh$ A///V, theo chiQu
t8ng cWa !i%n tch h*t nh#n nguyn t th-
.9 tnh phi ki$ gi:$ &9n, bn knh nguyn t t8ng &9n.
'9 tnh ki$ lo*i t8ng &9n, !" #$ !i%n t8ng &9n.
C9 !" #$ !i%n gi:$ &9n, tnh phi ki$ t8ng &9n.
O9 tnh ki$ lo*i t8ng &9n, bn knh nguyn t gi:$ &9n.
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH n7 HoCp C./ hN0 Ni- 200rp +hqi '
Cku 1: 5ho biEt cc ph:n 2ng ):y ra sauY 26e4r2 H 4r2 26e4rI 2Na4r H 5l2 2Na5l H 4r2
Jht bi,u !hng lY
.9 7nh kh cWa 5l1 $*nh hjn cWa 4r 1. '9 7nh o)i ha cWa 4r2 $*nh hjn cWa 5l2.
C9 7nh kh cWa 4r1 $*nh hjn cWa 6e2H. O9 7nh o)i ha cWa 5l2 $*nh hjn cWa 6eIH.
Cku 2: 5ho {,]2 ga$ hn hap gi$ 6eD, 6e2DI, 6eIDN tc &Bng +i &ung &Fch ;5l U&[V. Mau khi cc
ph:n 2ng ):y ra hon ton, ![ac &ung &Fch t cX c*n t thu ![ac 7,T2 ga$ 6e5l2 + $ ga$ 6e5lI. i
trF cWa $ l
.9 {,75. '9 O,75. C9 7,Og. O9 T,5g.
Cku A: 5ho cc ph:n 2ngY 5aUD;V2 H 5l2 5aD5l2 H ;2D 2;2M H MD2 IM H 2;2D
2ND2 H 2NaD; NaNDI H NaND2 H ;2D
N<5lDI
o
t

<5l H I<5lDN DI D2 H D
ML ph:n 2ng o)i ho kh l
.9 5. '9 2. C9 I. O9 N.
Cku C: 5ho ],{ ga$ hn hap $uLi cacbonat + hi!rocacbonat cWa ki$ lo*i kiQ$ @ tc &Bng hEt +i &ung
&Fch ;5l U&[V, sinh ra g,NNO lt kh U} !ktcV. <i$ lo*i @ l Y
.9 Na. '9 <. C9 >b. O9 =i.
Cku m: ;n hap r?n 0 gi$ rl, 6e2DI + 5u c sL $ol bZng nhau. ;n hap 0 tan hon ton trong &ung
&FchY
Chm ch hc l thuytT Sing nng lm bi tpT Con ng ti thnh cngT Trng s
Ti liu n thi H-C 2010-2011 Chuyn : Nhm halogen v h! "h#t "$a "h%ng C&' gia () '*"h +hoa
.9 NaD; U&[V. '9 ;5l U&[V. C9 rgNDI U&[V. O9 N;IU&[V.
Cku s: 5ho cc ph:n 2ngY U]V DI H &ung &Fch </ U2V 62 H ;2D
o
t

UIV @nD2 H ;5l !Sc

o
t

UNV 5l2 H &ung &Fch ;2M

5c ph:n 2ng t*o ra !jn ch3t lY
.9 U]V, U2V, UIV. '9 U]V, UIV, UNV. C9 U2V, UIV, UNV. O9 U]V, U2V, UNV.
Cku j: 5ho cc &ung &FchY ;5l, NaD; !Sc, N;I, <5l. ML &ung &Fch ph:n 2ng ![ac +i 5uUD;V2 l
.9 ]. '9 I. C9 2. O9 N.
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH n7 HoCp C./ hN0 Ni- 200lp +hqi '
Cku 1: 5ho cc ph:n 2ng sauY
UaV N;5l H JbD2 Jb5l2 H 5l2 H 2;2D. UbV ;5l H N;N;5DI N;N5l H 5D2 H ;2D.
UcV 2;5l H 2;NDI 2ND2 H 5l2 H 2;2D. U&V 2;5l H n n5l2 H ;2.
ML ph:n 2ng trong ! ;5l th, hi%n tnh kh lY
.9 2. '9 I. C9 ]. O9 N.
Cku 2: 5ho &ung &Fch ch2a T,gI ga$ hn hap gi$ hai $uLi Na0 + Nat U0, t l hai nguyn tL c trong
tw nhin, } hai chu k- lin tiEp thu"c nh$ A//r, sL hi%u nguyn t 0 x tV +o &ung &Fch rgNDI
U&[V, thu ![ac O,T] ga$ kEt tWa. Jh9n tr8$ khLi l[ang cWa Na0 trong hn hap ban !9u l
.9 5O,2q. '9 N],Oq. C9 52,Oq. O9 N7,2q.
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH n7 HoCp C./ hN0 Ni- 2011p +hqi .
Cku 1: Jht bi,u no sau !#y l (aiy
.9 4n knh nguyn t cWa clo ln hjn bn knh nguyn t cWa vlo.
'9 C" #$ !i%n cWa bro$ ln hjn !" #$ !i%n cWa iot.
C9 7nh kh cWa ion 4r

ln hjn tnh kh cWa ion 5l

.
O9 7nh a)it cWa ;6 $*nh hjn tnh a)it cWa ;5l.
Cku 2: 7rong cc th nghi%$ sauY
U]V 5ho MiD
2
tc &Bng +i a)it ;6.
U2V 5ho kh MD
2
tc &Bng +i kh ;
2
M.
UIV 5ho kh N;
I
tc &Bng +i 5uD !un nng.
UNV 5ho 5aD5l
2
tc &Bng +i &ung &Fch ;5l !Sc.
U5V 5ho Mi !jn ch3t tc &Bng +i &ung &Fch NaD;.
UTV 5ho kh D
I
tc &Bng +i rg.
U7V 5ho &ung &Fch N;
N
5l tc &Bng +i &ung &Fch NaND
2
!un nng.
ML th nghi%$ t*o ra !jn ch3t l
.9 7. '9 T. C9 5. O9 N.
Cku A: <hXng kh trong ph^ng th nghi%$ bF X nhi'$ b}i kh clo. C, kh !"c, c th, )Ft +o khXng kh
&ung &Fch no sau !#yy
.9 Pung &Fch NaD;. '9 Pung &Fch Na5l.
C9 Pung &Fch N;
I
. O9 Pung &Fch ;
2
MD
N
loRng.
Cku C: 5ho hn hap 0 gi$ 6e
2
D
I
, nD + 5u tc &Bng +i &ung &Fch ;5l U&[V thu ![ac &ung &Fch
t + ph9n khXng tan . 5ho t tc &Bng +i &ung &Fch NaD; UloRng, &[V thu ![ac kEt tWa
.9 6eUD;V
I
. '9 6eUD;V
2
+ 5uUD;V
2
.
C9 6eUD;V
2
, 5uUD;V
2
+ nUD;V
2
. O9 6eUD;V
I
+ nUD;V
2
.
e TH7 TWfgN V7NH n7 HoCp C./ hN0 Ni- 2011p +hqi '
Cku:1 7rong tw nhin clo c hai !ing +F bQnY
I7
]7
5l
chiE$ 2N,2Iq tng sL nguyn t, c^n l*i l
I5
]7
5l
.
7hnh ph9n q theo khLi l[ang cWa
I7
]7
5l
trong ;5lD
N
lY
Chm ch hc l thuytT Sing nng lm bi tpT Con ng ti thnh cngT Trng j
Ti liu n thi H-C 2010-2011 Chuyn : Nhm halogen v h! "h#t "$a "h%ng C&' gia () '*"h +hoa
r. O,{2q 4. O,NIq 5. O,5Tq P. O,7{q
Cku 2: 5ho &Ry cc ch3t sauY rl, Na;5D
I
, UN;
N
V
2
5D
I
, N;
N
5l, rl
2
D
I
, n, <
2
5D
I
, <
2
MD
N
. 5 bao nhiu
ch3t trong &Ry +Ga tc &Bng ![ac +i &ung &Fch ;5l, +Ga tc &Bng ![ac +i &ung &Fch NaD;y
r. 2 4. I 5. N P. 5
Cku A: PRy gi$ cc ch3t UhoSc &ung &FchV !Qu ph:n 2ng ![ac +i &ung &Fch 6e5l
2
lY
r. 4"t @g, &ung &Fch NaND
I
, &ung &Fch ;5=
4. 4"t @g, &ung &Fch 4a5l
2
, &ung &Fch ;ND
I
5. <h 5l
2
, &ung &Fch Na
2
5D
I
, &ung &Fch ;5=
P. <h 5l
2
, &ung &Fch Na
2
M, &ung &Fch ;ND
I
4i gi:ng ![ac bin so*n + tng hap b}i C&' 0ia V) '*"h :hoa
@zi !ng gp ,th?c $?c cWa b*n !zc )in gi +, !Fa ch Y
giasubachkhoag{g$ail.co$
;oSc lin h% +i tr[}ng nh$ gia s[ )guy*n +i ,uy g{gN5I2gI5
Chm ch hc l thuytT Sing nng lm bi tpT Con ng ti thnh cngT Trng r