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1840
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1900
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,
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1940


,

1936 , , ,

,




95


,

1,000

3 5


:

,
1947-48

,
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,

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80-90


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,
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100



,

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2.
80 90

3.

4.

5.

,
6.

7.
,

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9.

10.

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,
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100


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)

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70

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,

Fertigation
(Venturi
) chemigation (
)

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)

,
,

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(
)

(emitter dripper,

, dripper driptube)
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,




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clogging .

clogging .

.



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.

. fertigation ; fertigation chemigation (

,

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fertigation

.
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emitters

.
emitter dripper

.
emitter
0.16
4.0
(0.6-16 / ) . emitters compensating , emitters ,
,
.

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.

leveling
.

,

.

drippers
.

Fertigation

.

, .

,


.

:

.

:

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.

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,
clogging .

Herbicides



,

.

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leaching .


,

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leaching

:

leaching ,



.

leaching ,

,

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,
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greenhouses , .

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homeowner

, emitter.
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.

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1950

1960

1960

,

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1960

40

(94,000 .),
(66,000 .) (55,000
.)


,
,

27