In the 1900s we use all kind of programs

to model and create 2D animations:

3D ANIMATIONS
Animation is the process of rendering images in quick succession
so as to give an impression of continuous motion. In 3D animation,
the images that are used are three dimensional. They can be shown
from all possible directions, are made to adhere to natural physics
laws, and therefore appear exceedingly real to the viewers.

Stop motion is an animation technique to make a
physically manipulated object appear to move on its own.
Clay animation or claymation is one of many forms of
stop motion animation. Each animated piece, either
character or background, is "deformable made of a
malleable substance, usually Plasticine clay.

The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
Wallace & Gromit: The Curse Of The Were-Rabbit (2005)
Coraline (2009)
Fantastic mister fox(2009)
Frankenweenie (2012)
ParaNorman (2012)




COMPUTER GENERATED
IMAGERY
The term computer animation refers to
dynamic CGI rendered as a movie.
Computer graphics software is used to make
computer-generated imagery for films, etc.
Availability of CGI software and increased
computer speeds have allowed individual
artists and small companies to produce
professional-grade films, games, and fine art
from their home computers. This has
brought about an Internet subculture with
its own set of global celebrities, and
technical vocabulary.
MOTION CAPTURE
ANIMATION

Motion capture is the process of recording the movement of objects or people.
It is used in military, entertainment, sports, and medical applications, and for
validation of computer vision and robotics. In filmmaking and video game
development, it refers to recording actions of human actors, and using that
information to animate digital character models in 2D or 3Dcomputer animation.
When it includes face and fingers or captures subtle expressions, it is often referred
to as performance capture. In many fields, motion capture is sometimes
called motion tracking, but in filmmaking and games, motion tracking usually refers
more to match moving.
CONCLUSION
Today 3D animation is still using 2D animation only as a toll
for decorating the environment and face design . In the end I
think that our technology will evolve to the point in which we
can connect to a movie, cartoon and feel , see, smell that
world.