refers to the long-term management of intractable conflicts. It is the label for
the variety of ways by which people handle grievancesstanding up for what they consider to be right and against what they consider to be wrong. Those ways include such diverse phenomena as gossip, ridicule, lynching, terrorism, warfare, feuding, genocide, law, mediation, and avoidance. [citation needed] Which forms of conflict management will be used in any given situation can be somewhat predicted and eplained by the social structureor social geometryof the case. !onflict management is often considered to be distinct from conflict resolution. In order for actual conflict to occur, there should be an epression of eclusive patterns, and tell why the conflict was epressed the way it was. !onflict is not "ust about simple inaptness, but is often connected to a previous issue. The latter refers to resolving the dispute to the approval of one or both parties, whereas the former concerns an ongoing process that may never have a resolution. #either is it considered the same as conflict transformation, which see$s to reframe the positions of the conflict parties. Definition A basic definition of organizational conflict is disagreement by individuals or groups within the organization, which can centre on factors ranging from resource allocation and divisions of responsibility to the overall direction of the organization. A common example of organizational conflict occurs when workers advocate for higher pay and the business owner or management wants pay levels to remain the same Causes of Organizational Conflict Managerial Expectations It is the job of an employee to meet the expectations of his manager, but if those expectations are misunderstood, conflict can arise. Managers need to spend time clearly communicating their goals to employees and then confirming those goals in writing. A manager should also encourage her employees to ask uestions about their goals, and hold regular meetings to discuss the goals and how best to reach them. Breakdown in Communication If a department reuires information from another department in order to do its job, and the second department does not respond to the reuest for information, a conflict can arise. !ome interdepartmental disagreements might trigger a nonresponsive attitude that can uickly become an internal conflict. Another way of creating this sort of conflict is by giving a circular response such as an issue being perpetually "under review." #hen people or departments are late in responding to information reuests, or they are withholding information on purpose, it is best to address the situation immediately with a personal meeting with both sides to resolve the situation. Misunderstanding the Information According to mediation expert $obert %. &enjamin, writing on Mediate.com, internal conflict can sometimes arise as the result of a simple misunderstanding. 'ne person may misunderstand information, and that can trigger a series of conflicts. In order to deal with this kind of situation, it is best to have the person admit her misunderstanding and work with the affected parties to remedy the situation. (or example, if the production manager misunderstands the product manufacturing goals, then the sales manager may not have enough product to sell. )aking responsibility for a mistake can uickly defuse a potential organizational conflict. Lack of Accountabilit 'rganizational conflict might arise from frustration. 'ne source of frustration is a lack of accountability. If something has gone wrong, and no one is willing to take responsibility for the problem, this lack of accountability can start to permeate throughout the entire company until the issue is resolved. 'ne way to combat a lack of accountability is to have anyone who comes into contact with a document sign his name to it and include the date. )he paper trail may sometimes find the source of the problem, which can then be addressed. !pes of conflicts Interpersonal conflict refers to a conflict between two individuals. )his occurs typically due to how people are different from one another. #e have varied personalities which usually results to incompatible choices and opinions. Apparently, it is a natural occurrence which can eventually help in personal growth or developing your relationships with others. In addition, coming up with adjustments is necessary for managing this type of conflict. *owever, when interpersonal conflict gets too destructive, calling in a mediator would help so as to have it resolved. Intrapersonal conflict occurs within an individual. )he experience takes place in the person+s mind. *ence, it is a type of conflict that is psychological involving the individual+s thoughts, values, principles and emotions. Interpersonal conflict may come in different scales, from the simpler mundane ones like deciding whether or not to go organic for lunch to ones that can affect major decisions such as choosing a career path. (urthermore, this type of conflict can be uite difficult to handle if you find it hard to decipher your inner struggles. It leads to restlessness and uneasiness, or can even cause depression. In such occasions, it would be best to seek a way to let go of the anxiety through communicating with other people. ,ventually, when you find yourself out of the situation, you can become more empowered as a person. )hus, the experience evoked a positive change which will help you in your own personal growth. Intragroup conflict is a type of conflict that happens among individuals within a team. )he incompatibilities and misunderstandings among these individuals lead to an intragroup conflict. It is arises from interpersonal disagreements -e.g. team members have different personalities which may lead to tension. or differences in views and ideas -e.g. in a presentation, members of the team might find the notions presented by the one presiding to be erroneous due to their differences in opinion.. #ithin a team, conflict can be helpful in coming up with decisions which will eventually allow them to reach their objectives as a team. *owever, if the degree of conflict disrupts harmony among the members, then some serious guidance from a different party will be needed for it to be settled. Intergroup conflict takes place when a misunderstanding arises among different teams within an organization. (or instance, the sales department of an organization can come in conflict with the customer support department. )his is due to the varied sets of goals and interests of these different groups. In addition, competition also contributes for intergroup conflict to arise. )here are other factors which fuel this type of conflict. !ome of these factors may include a rivalry in resources or the boundaries set by a group to others which establishes their own identity as a team.